卡巴匹林钙对大鼠佐剂关节炎的治疗作用

用Ｆｒｅｕｎｄ完全佐剂诱发大鼠产生佐剂发生关节炎（ＡＡ）、以继发性反应的左后中肿胀度、前肢、身和尾部病变的发生率,胸腺、脾脏指数以及局部组织病理检查为指标,观察卡巴匹林钙对ＡＡ的治疗作用。结果表明卡巴匹林钙大、中剂量（７６３,３８２ｍｇ／ｋｇ）在给药后８天可显著降低,ＡＡ大鼠非致炎侧的足肿胀度,全身症状也明显减轻,非致炎侧踝关节的不肿和炎细胞浸润明显减轻。该药地大鼠ＡＡ有明显的治疗作用。     

KG881的抗炎作用

福氏完全佐剂致炎后ｄ１９～ｄ２３ｉｇ给药，ＫＧ８８１１０、２０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１在给药后ｄ７均显著降低佐剂性关节炎（ＡＡ）大鼠非致炎侧的足肿胀度，病理组织学检查发现，ＫＧ８８１１０、２０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１使ＡＡ大鼠非致炎侧踝关节的水肿和炎细胞浸润明显减轻。用角叉菜胶诱发大鼠足爪肿胀，致炎前９０ｍｉｎｉｇ给药，ＫＧ８８１５、１０、２０ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１·ｄ－１均显著抑制大鼠的足爪肿胀。这些结果表明，ＫＧ８８１有抗炎作用。     

复方风湿宁注射液的抗炎作用研究

目的 研究复方风湿宁注射液的抗炎作用。方法 采用大鼠角叉菜胶致关节炎模型、大鼠佐剂性关节炎模型和大鼠棉球肉芽肿模型,观察复方风湿宁注射液的抗炎、消肿作用,并测定角叉菜胶诱发的关节炎模型大鼠致炎足炎症渗出液中前列腺素E2（PGE2）的水平。结果 与模型组比较,复方风湿宁注射液显著减轻角叉菜胶所致踝关节炎症大鼠的足肿胀度（P＜0.05、0.01）,显著减少大鼠致炎足炎症渗出液中PGE2的水平（P＜0.01）;显著抑制佐剂性关节炎模型大鼠足跖肿胀度（P＜0.05、0.01）,显著减轻大鼠棉球肉芽肿的干质量（P＜0.05）。结论 复方风湿宁注射液具有抗炎作用,其机制可能与抑制PGE2合成与释放有关。     

独行千里氯仿部位抗炎镇痛作用及机制研究

目的：研究独行千里氯仿部位的抗炎镇痛作用。方法：采用弗氏完全佐剂诱发大鼠关节炎、角叉菜胶致大鼠足肿胀法、小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性及二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀试验评价独行千里有效部位的抗炎作用;采用冰醋酸致痛法评价药物镇痛作用;用Elisa法测定炎性组织中白介素1（IL-1）和肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）含量,紫外分光光度法测定丙二醛（MDA）含量。结果：独行千里有效部位可明显抑制佐剂性关节炎大鼠原发性和继发性足跖肿胀;抑制大鼠足肿胀程度,抑制毛细血管通透性增加,降低肿胀足中IL-1、TNF-α和MDA含量;可抑制小鼠耳壳肿胀作用,对醋酸刺激引起的小鼠疼痛反应。结论：独行千里具良好的抗炎、镇痛和免疫抑制作用。     

鹅掌藤浸膏镇痛抗炎作用的实验研究

目的：探讨鹅掌藤浸膏口服给药的镇痛和抗炎作用。方法：选用甲醛致痛法、热板法观察鹅掌藤浸膏镇痛作用，选用角叉菜胶致炎法、巴豆油致炎法、棉球肉芽肿和弗氏完全佐剂性关节炎以及腹膜毛细血管通透性实验法观察其抗炎作用。结果：鹅掌藤浸膏能显著提高小鼠热痛阈值，减少甲醛所致大鼠痛反应分值；对角叉菜胶所致大鼠足肿胀有明显的抑制作用，能减轻巴豆油所致小鼠耳廓肿胀度，抑制小鼠棉球肉芽肿的形成，减轻弗氏完全佐剂所致的大鼠佐剂性关节炎肿胀度，对醋酸所致的小鼠毛细血管通透性增加也有明显的抑制作用。结论：鹅掌藤浸膏口服给药有明显的镇痛、抗炎作用。     

附炎栓的抗炎药理作用研究

目的：研究附炎栓的抗炎作用。方法：通过附炎栓对角叉菜胶致大鼠足跖肿胀的影响和对大鼠棉球肉芽肿形成的影响,观察附炎栓的抗炎作用。结果：附炎栓可显著减轻大鼠角叉菜胶致炎后1-8小时的急性炎症反应,使足跖肿胀度和肿胀率显著降低（均P〈0.05）。结论：附炎栓有明显的抗炎作用。     

灯盏细辛注射液对大鼠佐剂关节炎血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α和瘦素表达水平的影响

目的：通过研究灯盏细辛注射液对佐剂关节炎（AA）大鼠血清中的瘦素、肿瘤坏死因子-α表达水平的影响,探讨灯盏细辛注射液对大鼠佐剂关节炎的治疗作用。方法：通过给大鼠右后足跖部皮内注射完全弗氏佐剂（CFA）建立类风湿关节炎的动物模型（AA）。在致炎后10d,大鼠继发性关节炎出现。开始在治疗组AA大鼠腹腔内注射灯盏细辛注射液（EBI）10mg／kg·d,连续注射15d。直至25d对大鼠足爪肿胀度的抑制有显著性时,用ELISA法检测各组AA大鼠血清中TNF-α、Leptin的表达水平。结果：治疗组AA大鼠血清中Leptin水平低于模型组,TNF-α水平低于模型组。结论：10mg／kg·d灯盏细辛注射液明显抑制了AA大鼠血清中TNF-α、Leptin的表达水平,灯盏细辛注射液明显改善了AA大鼠继发侧足趾关节肿胀度。     

祖师麻提取物的镇痛与抗炎作用研究

目的观察祖师麻提取物的抗炎、镇痛和抗佐剂性关节炎的作用。方法采用醋酸扭体法、小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性试验、二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀试验和弗氏完全佐剂致大鼠佐剂性关节炎试验。结果祖师麻提取物0.04、0.08g/kg可明显减少冰醋酸所致小鼠的扭体反应次数和减轻佐剂致原发性大鼠右后足跖肿胀(P<0.05、0.01);祖师麻提取物0.08g/kg能显著抑制冰醋酸致小鼠毛细血管通透性增加(P<0.05)和明显减轻小鼠耳廓肿胀度(P<0.01)。结论祖师麻提取物具有较好的镇痛、抗急性炎症和抗佐剂性关节炎的作用。     

参七胶囊抗炎作用研究

目的:观察参七胶囊的抗炎作用。方法:建立二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀和弗氏完全佐剂诱导大鼠足肿胀炎症模型，观察参七胶囊对急、慢性炎症的治疗效果。结果:与模型组比较，参七胶囊高剂量组能够显著对抗二甲苯所致的炎症反应(P＜0.01)，且可明显减轻佐剂关节炎大鼠的足肿胀程度(P＜0.01)。结论:参七胶囊具有较显著的抗炎作用。     

消炎止痛膏抗炎作用的实验研究

目的研究消炎止痛膏的抗炎作用,初步探讨其作用机制。方法通过小鼠耳廓肿胀度实验、大鼠足跖肿胀度实验、小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高模型观察消炎止痛膏的抗炎作用;同时测定小鼠角叉菜胶致足炎性渗出物中的前列腺素E2（PGE2）、丙二醛（MDA）、蛋白含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性,以及小鼠角叉菜胶无茵气囊渗出液中的白细胞数、一氧化氮（N0）含量,研究消炎止痛膏的抗炎机制。结果消炎止痛膏能显著抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀。明显减轻鸡蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀度,并具有抑制冰醋酸引起的小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加的作用;消炎止痛膏能明显降低角叉菜胶致足炎性渗出物中的PGF-a、MDA、蛋白含量,显著增加足跖局部炎症组织中的SOD活性,减少小鼠气囊渗出液中的白细胞数和NO含量。结论消炎止痛膏外用给药,对炎症反应具有明显的抑制作用,说明消炎止痛膏具有明显的抗炎作用;其机制可能与抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀,减轻鸡蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀度,抑制冰醋酸引起的小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加,抑制PGE2、NO等炎症介质合成,抑制脂质过氧化。增强自由基清除能力,抑制白细胞渗出有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.