前路辅助上方关节囊入路全髋关节置换对髋臼假体位置及术后早期髋关节功能的影响

目的 探讨前路经皮辅助上方关节囊入路（Anterior SuperPATH）行人工全髋关节置换术（THA）对髋臼假体位置及早期髋关节功能的影响。方法 回顾性分析2019年11月至2022年6月在我院行THA的75例病人的临床资料,根据手术入路不同分为两组,38例采用前路经皮辅助上方关节囊入路的病人纳入前路通道组,37例采用传统后外侧入路的病人纳入后外侧组。记录并比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后卧床时间、住院时间、术后24 h疼痛视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分,以及术后1周、1个月的髋关节Harris评分。术后拍摄骨盆正位X线片,测量髋臼假体的外展角与前倾角,并与Lewinnek安全区（髋臼外展角40°±10°、髋臼前倾角15°±10°）进行比较,评估放置髋臼假体的准确性。结果 病人随访8~21个月,平均为12.1个月。所有病人术后6个月均未见脱位。前路通道组手术时间长于后外侧组,手术出血量少于后外侧组,术后卧床时间与住院时间短于后外侧组,术后24 h的VAS评分低于后外侧组,术后1周、1个月的髋关节Harris评分高于后外侧组,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。前路通道组的外展角和前倾角分别为42.78°±4.98°、15.29°±4.97°,二者均在安全区域的比例为84.2%（32/38）;后外侧组的外展角和前倾角分别为41.49°±5.50°、13.58°±4.74°,二者均在安全区域的比例为83.8%（31/37）;两组间比较,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 采用前路经皮辅助上方关节囊入路和后外侧入路行THA,髋臼假体位置无明显差异。虽然前路经皮辅助上方关节囊入路手术时间更长,但能明显减少手术出血,缓解手术疼痛,缩短住院时间,加速康复。     

经皮辅助上方关节囊入路与后外侧入路全髋关节置换治疗老年股骨颈骨折的临床疗效比较

目的 探讨后外侧入路与经皮辅助上方关节囊入路（SuperPATH）行全髋关节置换术（THA）对老年股骨颈骨折治疗的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析我院2018年12月至2022年12月期间手术治疗的262例老年股骨颈骨折病人的临床数据。按照手术入路分为SuperPATH入路组和后外侧入路组,SuperPATH入路组43例,男25例,女18例,年龄为（70.00±3.24）岁;后外侧入路组219例,匹配后纳入43例,其中男22例,女21例,年龄为（69.67±3.29）岁。对比两组病人的术中出血量、切口长度、手术时间、首次下地时间、术后住院时间、并发症发生情况,以及术后3天、1周和1个月的疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）及Harris评分。结果 两组病人手术均顺利完成。SuperPATH入路组术中出血量、切口长度、术后住院时间及首次下地时间均少于后外侧入路组,术后3天和1周的VAS评分低于后外侧入路组,而术后3天和1周的Harris评分则较高。SuperPATH入路组与后外侧入路组的并发症发生率分别为4.65%（2/43）、23.26%（10/43）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组的手术时间、术后1个月VAS评分及Harris评分差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 与后外侧入路比较,采用SuperPATH入路进行THA治疗老年移位性股骨颈骨折可以缩短切口长度、减少疼痛、促进髋关节功能恢复,加速病人康复,且在短期内能够获得满意的临床疗效。     

SuperPATH与直接前方入路行全髋关节置换术的疗效比较

目的比较应用SuperPATH入路与直接前方入路(DAA)行全髋关节置换术(THA)的临床疗效。方法将30例行THA的患者按治疗方法分为A组(SuperPATH入路行THA,15例)和B组(侧卧位DAA行THA,15例)。比较两组切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、并发症、疼痛VAS评分、Harris髋关节功能评分及髋臼角。结果两组患者均获得随访,时间10～14个月。切口长度A组短于B组,手术时间及术中出血量A组长(多)于B组,差异均有统计学意义(P 0. 05);术后引流量两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0. 05)。末次随访VAS评分两组比较差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。两组并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。术后1个月及末次随访时两组髋关节功能恢复比较差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。术后第2天两组髋臼角比较差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05)。末次随访时两组均未见关节假体松动、移位或下沉。结论应用SuperPATH入路行THA可取得与侧卧位DAA同样良好的髋关节功能,且SuperPATH入路切口小,可以减少组织损伤。     

SuperPATH和后外侧小切口入路THA治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的近期疗效比较

目的比较SuperPATH入路与后外侧小切口入路初次单侧全髋关节置换术(THA)治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的近期临床疗效。方法纳入自2014-07—2015-07诊治的80例股骨头缺血性坏死,40例行SuperPATH入路THA治疗(SuperPATH组),40例行后外侧小切口入路THA治疗(小切口组)。比较2组切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、住院时间,术后24 h肌酸磷酸激酶(CK)、血沉(ESR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、大腿周径与术前的差值,以及术后3、6、9个月髋关节功能Harris评分。结果 80例均获得平均10(6~12)个月随访。SuperPATH组术后24 h CK、大腿周径与术前的差值明显小于小切口组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);但2组术后24 h ESR、CRP与术前的差值比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。SuperPATH组术中出血量、术后引流量和住院时间较小切口组少,但是手术时间较小切口组长,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。SuperPATH组术后3、6个月髋关节功能Harris评分高于小切口组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);但术后9个月2组Harris评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 SuperPATH入路与后外侧小切口入路THA术后均可获得良好的髋关节功能,但SuperPATH入路因保留外旋肌群及可完整重建关节囊,关节稳定性好、创伤小、术后恢复快。     

SuperPATH入路与后外侧入路人工股骨头置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的比较

目的 比较SuperPATH入路与后外侧入路人工股骨头置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的疗效差异。方法 回顾性分析自2021-01—2022-12行人工股骨头置换术治疗的60例老年股骨颈骨折,分为SuperPATH入路组（采用SuperPATH入路,n=30）和后外侧入路组（采用常规后外侧入路,n=30）。比较两组手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、手术前后血红蛋白浓度差值、术后下床时间、住院时间、并发症发生情况,以及术后1周、3个月、6个月疼痛VAS评分、髋关节功能Harris评分。结果 60例随访时间3～8个月,平均6个月。SuperPATH入路组手术时间、切口长度、术中出血量、手术前后血红蛋白浓度差值、术后下床时间、住院时间均优于后外侧入路组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组均未出现假体周围骨折及术后感染,SuperPATH入路组术后褥疮1例,后外侧入路组术后褥疮1例、髋关节脱位1例、下肢深静脉血栓形成1例。SuperPATH入路组术后1周疼痛VAS评分明显低于后外侧入路组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,但两组术后3、6个月疼痛VAS评分差异无统计学意义（P>0....     

SuperPATH入路全髋关节置换术的早期疗效

目的探讨SuperPATH入路行全髋关节置换术(THA)的早期疗效和术中处理策略。方法将70例行THA患者根据手术入路不同分为SuperPATH组(采用SuperPATH入路,35例)和常规组(采用常规后外侧入路,35例)。比较两组切口长度、术中出血量、手术时间、髋臼外展角和前倾角、下床活动时间、术后3个月Harris评分。结果患者均获得随访,时间6~13个月。SuperPATH组的切口长度、术中出血量、下床活动时间均小(少)于常规组(P0.01);手术时间、髋臼外展角和前倾角、术后3个月Harris评分两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 SuperPATH入路THA创伤小,术中出血量少,假体位置可,置换后功能锻炼早且好,但必须掌握好手术适应证并熟练手术操作。     

SuperPATH微创人工全髋关节置换的早期疗效及临床应用价值

目的探讨SuperPATH微创人工全髋关节置换术的早期疗效及临床应用价值。方法采集2016年5月至2017年6月间我院收治的60例(35例股骨头坏死,25例股骨颈骨折)需行人工全髋关节置换术患者相关资料,30例行SuperPATH经皮辅助入路纳入实验组,其中男20例,女10例,股骨头坏死16例,股骨颈骨折14例,平均年龄为(71.2±3.1)岁;30例行常规后外侧入路纳入对照组,其中男15例,女15例,股骨头坏死19例,股骨颈骨折11例,平均年龄为(71.2±3.2)岁。观察两组手术切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、手术前后血红蛋白变化及术后1周、1个月、3个月、6个月疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)和Harris评分。结果实验组的手术切口长度、术中失血量、术后引流量、手术前后血红蛋白变化均较对照组少,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),实验组手术时间较对照组长,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后1周、1个月随访时两组VAS评分、Harris评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3个月随访时两组VAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组Harris评分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后6个月随访时两组VAS评分、Harris评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论SuperPATH入路微创人工全髋关节置换术治疗股骨头坏死和股骨颈骨折较传统后外侧入路全髋关节置换术具有软组织损伤小、出血少,术后恢复快、近期疗效较好等优点,患者满意度高,可实现术后快速康复。     

改良后外侧入路髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折

目的 探讨改良后外侧入路(SuperPATH入路)髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的疗效。方法 将48例老年股骨颈骨折患者根据治疗方法不同分为观察组(24例，采用SuperPATH入路髋关节置换术治疗)和对照组(24例，采用传统后外侧入路髋关节置换术治疗)。比较两组手术情况、假体安装情况、疼痛VAS评分及髋关节Harris评分。结果 两组各失访1例；46例患者获得随访，时间7～18个月。切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后下地时间观察组均优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组术后臼柄位置均在正常范围内，髋臼前倾角、髋臼外展角、偏心距及其恢复率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。疼痛VAS评分、髋关节Harris评分：术后3 d观察组均优于对照组(P<0.001);术后1个月、末次随访时两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 SuperPATH入路髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折创伤小，并发症少，髋关节功能早期恢复好。     

SuperPATH和前外侧小切口入路THA的短期疗效比较

目的比较SuperPATH与前外侧小切口入路全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)的短期临床疗效。方法 2015年2月至2017年2月纳入80例行全髋关节置换术的患者,40例行SuperPATH入路THA治疗(SuperPATH组),40例行前外侧小切口入路THA治疗(前外侧小切口组)。比较两组患者手术切口长度、手术时间、术中出血、术后引流以及住院时间;两组患者术前及术后1d、7d、1个月、3个月的视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分;两组患者术前、术后7d、1个月、3个月、6个月的髋关节功能Harris评分;两组患者术后前倾角、外展角测量值以及术后并发症。结果 SuperPATH组手术切口长度小于前外侧小切口组(P0.05),SuperPATH组术中出血、术后引流及住院天数均少于前外侧小切口组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而SuperPATH组手术时间长于前外侧小切口组(P0.05),SuperPATH组术后1d、7dVAS优于前外侧小切口组(P0.05),但两组术后1个月、3个月VAS差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。SuperPATH组术后7d、1个月、3个月的髋关节功能优于前外侧小切口组,Harris评分差异有统计学意义(P0.05);但两组术后6个月髋关节功能比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组术后外展角、前倾角对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 SuperPATH入路与前外侧小切口入路THA术后短期内髋关节功能恢复好,但SuperPATH入路THA手术创伤小、早期关节功能好、术后恢复快,而远期疗效还需进一步随访及评估。     

SuperPATH与后外侧入路行人工全髋关节置换术的随机对照研究北大核心CSCD

目的对SuperPATH入路与传统后外侧入路行人工全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)的疗效进行比较。方法 2017年3月—5月,将24例拟行初次单侧THA的髋关节疾病患者纳入研究,随机分为两组(n=12),分别采用SuperPATH入路(SuperPATH组)及传统后外侧入路(对照组)进行关节置换。两组患者性别、年龄、体质量指数、疾病类型、合并基础疾病类型、美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级等一般资料比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。记录两组手术时间、住院时间、切口长度以及手术相关并发症发生情况;手术前后血红蛋白和红细胞压积,计算总失血量及术中失血量;手术前后炎性反应指标(C反应蛋白、红细胞沉降率)、肌肉损伤指标(肌酸激酶),患者髋关节屈曲及外展活动度、髋关节功能Harris评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS);摄骨盆正位X线片观察假体位置。结果两组患者均获1年随访。与对照组相比,SuperPATH组手术时间明显延长(t=4.470,P=0.000)、手术切口缩短(t=–2.168,P=0.041),住院时间无显著差异(t=0.474,P=0.640)。SuperPATH组术中1例发生假体周围骨折;两组术后均无感染、下肢深静脉血栓形成等并发症发生。两组术中失血量及总失血量,术前及术后1、3 d血红蛋白和红细胞压积,术前及术后1、3、14 d C反应蛋白及红细胞沉降率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。SuperPATH组术后1、3 d肌酸激酶明显低于对照组(P<0.05),术前及术后14 d比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1、3 d SuperPATH组髋关节屈曲及外展活动度均优于对照组(P<0.05),但14 d、3个月、6个月及1年比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。SuperPATH组术后1、3 d Harris评分及VAS评分明显优于对照组(P<0.05),其余各时间点差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1年复查X线片,两组前倾角及外展角比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访期间两组假体均无松动、下沉。结论与后外侧入路相比,采用SuperPATH入路行THA能减少肌肉损伤、减轻术后早期疼痛,促进患者早期康复。     

Quality of life outcomes in revision vs primary total hip arthroplasty: a prospective cohort study

This study included 143 patients who had revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) and 144 patients who had primary THA. The primary outcome variable in this study was the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores. Univariate and multivariate regression models were used to assess the relationship between surgical procedure and postoperative health related quality of life outcomes. The mean follow-up period was 1.7 years (range, 1-3 years). The mean preoperative function of patients with primary THA was significantly worse than that in the revision group (delta = -6.2; P = .013). Postoperative functional outcome was significantly better in patients with primary THA (delta = 6.5, P = .016) than in patients who had revision THA. The magnitude of improvement in quality of life is greater for the patient with primary THA in comparison to the patient with revision THA.     

Total hip replacement for arthritis following tuberculosis of hip

AIM: To present the results of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for post tubercular arthritis of the hip joint.METHODS: Sixty-five patients (45 male, 20 female) with previously treated tuberculosis of the hip joint underwent cementless THA for post tubercular arthritis. The average age at the time of THA was 48 years (range 29 to 65 years). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein, chest X-ray and contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging were done preoperatively to confirm resolution of the disease and to rule out any residual disease. Intra-operative samples were taken for microbiological examination, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and histological examination. Patients were started on anti-tubercular drugs one week before the operation and continued for 6 mo post operatively. The patients were followed up clinically using the Harris hip score as well as radiologically for any loosening of the implants, osteolysis and any recurrence of tuberculosis. Any complications especially the recurrence of the infection was also recorded.RESULTS: The mean interval from completion of antitubercular therapy for tuberculosis to surgery was 4.2 years (range, 2-6 years). Preoperatively, 17 patients had ankylosis whereas 48 patients had functional but painful range of motion. The mean surgical time was 97 min (range, 65-125) whereas the mean blood loss was 600 mL (range, 400-900 mL). The average follow up was 8.3 years (range 6-11 years). The average Harris Hip score improved from 27 preoperatively to 91 at the final follow up. Seventeen patients had acetabular protrusion which was managed with impaction grafting and cementless acetabular cup. The bone graft had consolidated in all these 17 patients at the follow up. Two patients developed discharging sinuses at 9 and 11 mo postoperatively respectively. The discharge tested positive for tuberculosis on the PCR. Both these patients were put on antitubercular therapy for another year. Both of them recovered and had no evidence of any loosening or osteolysis on X-rays. There were no other complications recorded.CONCLUSION: Total hip replacement restores good function to patients suffering from post tubercular arthritis of the hip.     

Use of Intraoperative X-rays to Optimize Component Position and Leg Length During Total Hip Arthroplasty

Proper femoral and acetabular component position and leg length equality are important intraoperative considerations during total hip arthroplasty. Unfortunately, traditional surgical techniques often lead to suboptimal component position, and such deviations have been associated with increased rates of prosthetic wear, dislocation, component loosening, and patient dissatisfaction. Although surgical navigation has been shown to improve reproducibility of component alignment, such technology is not universally available and is associated with significant costs and additional surgical/anesthetic time. In the current study, we found that a routine intraoperative pelvic radiograph could successfully identify malpositioned components and leg length inequalities and could allow for successful correction of identified problems. Unexpected component malposition and leg length inequality occurred in only 1.5% of cases where an intraoperative pelvic radiograph was utilized.     

Anatomic and Patient Risk Factors for Postoperative Periprosthetic Hip Fractures: A Case-Control Study

BackgroundPeriprosthetic fracture remains a major source of reoperation following total hip arthroplasty (THA). Within 90 days of surgery, fractures may occur spontaneously or with minor injury and are therefore more likely related to patient factors including anatomic variation.MethodsFrom 2008 to 2018, 16,254 primary THAs were performed at our institution; of those, 48 were revised for periprosthetic fracture within 90 days of surgery. A control group of 193 patients undergoing THA for hip osteoarthritis (OA) was randomly selected from the source population. We excluded patients with genetic bone disease and THA performed for hip fracture. We used logistic regression to analyze associations between patient factors (demographics, anatomical factors, comorbidities, surgical technique, and implants) and odds of 90-day periprosthetic fracture.ResultsIncreased age was significantly associated with fracture (P = .002), as was female gender (P = .046). After adjusting for age and gender, absence of contralateral OA was associated with increased odds of fracture relative to patients with contralateral OA (odds ratio [OR] 3.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.60-9.29), as was having a contralateral THA in place (OR 3.70, 95% CI 1.59-8.60). The neck-shaft angle, femoral offset, and the Dorr classification were not associated with increased odds of fracture. Additionally, the distance from the tip of the trochanter to the top of the femoral head was associated with increased odds of fracture per half centimeter (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.14-1.93).ConclusionRisk of early postoperative periprosthetic fracture following THA is increased with age, female gender, and increasing distance from the greater trochanter to the top of the femoral head; and decreased in the setting of contralateral hip OA. The trochanter-head distance correlation with periprosthetic hip fracture indicates that the preoperative anatomy may influence PPF, particularly regarding how that anatomy is reconstructed.     

Long-Term Survival of the Cemented Exeter Universal Stem in Patients 50 Years and Younger: An Update on 130 Hips

BackgroundThere is variable evidence regarding survivorship beyond 20 years of total hip arthroplasties in young patients. We report the long-term results of the Exeter cemented hip system in patients ≤50 years at minimum of 20 years.MethodsClinical and radiological outcomes of 130 consecutive total hip arthroplasties in 107 patients aged 50 years or younger at primary operation were reviewed; 77% had a diagnosis other than osteoarthritis. All patients were followed at 5-year intervals, no patients were lost to follow-up, and the status of every implant is known.ResultsMean age at surgery was 41.8 (17-50) years. Mean follow-up was 22.0 (20.0-26.1) years. There were 79 hips surviving, 14 hips (11 patients) deceased, and 37 hips revised. Reasons for revision: 29 hips for aseptic cup loosening (26 stems revised using cement-in-cement, three left in-situ); three stems for femoral osteolysis, two related to acetabular polyethylene wear (14.1 and 17.0 years), one with Gaucher’s disease (21.1 years); one broken stem (12.9 years); one cup for instability (4.3 years–stem revised using cement-in-cement); and two hips with infection (8.5 and 23.8 years). There were no cases of aseptic loosening of the Exeter stem. There were no radiologically loose stems although eight patients had radiological evidence of loosening of the cemented cup. Survivorship at 22 years was 74.9% for revision for all causes and 96.3% for revision of the stem for aseptic loosening or lysis.ConclusionThe Exeter cemented stem has excellent survivorship at minimum 20 years in young patients. Acetabular component survivorship was less favorable, but the advent of highly cross-linked polyethylene may improve this in the long term.     

Primary total hip arthroplasty in severe developmental dysplasia of the hip. Ten-year results using a cementless modular stem

We report the average 10-year clinical and radiographic results of 28 hips with Crowe III or IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and a technically difficult primary hip arthroplasty using the cementless modular S-ROM stem (DePuy Orthopedics, Warsaw, Ind). Twenty-one patients required significant autologous bone grafting, 1 had a large allograft, and 6 patients required femoral shortening at the time of their total hip arthroplasty. Three patients had an intraoperative technical complication. The average preoperative Harris hip score was 37; at 10 years, 81. The Short Form 12 was 41.64 physical/54.03 mental at 10 years, and the WOMAC average score was 23 at 10 years. None of the S-ROM stems had been revised or were loose at latest follow-up. Six hips had osteolysis in Gruen zones 1 or 7 but none around or distal to the sleeve. The 10-year results of the S-ROM stem used in patients with osteoarthritis secondary to severe DDH are excellent.     

Total Hip Arthroplasty After Hip Arthroscopy Has Increased Complications and Revision Risk

BackgroundThere has been an increase in hip arthroscopy (HA) over the last decade. After HA, some patients may ultimately require a total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, there is a scarcity of research investigating the outcomes in patients undergoing THA with a history of ipsilateral HA.MethodsThe PearlDiver research program (www.pearldiverinc.com) was queried to capture all patients undergoing THA between 2015 and 2020. Propensity matching was performed to match patients undergoing THA with and without a history of ipsilateral THA. Rates of 30-day medical complications, 1-year surgical complications, and THA revision were compared using multivariate logistic regression. Kaplan-Meier analysis was conducted to estimate survival probabilities of each of the groups with patients undergoing THA .ResultsAfter propensity matching, cohorts of 1940 patients undergoing THA without prior HA and 1940 patients undergoing a THA with prior HA were isolated for analysis. The mean time from HA to THA was 1127 days (standard deviation 858). Patients with a history of ipsilateral HA had an increased risk for dislocation (odds ratio [OR] 1.56, P = .03) and overall decreased implant survival within 4 years of undergoing THA (OR 1.53; P = .05). Furthermore, our data demonstrate the timing of previous HA to be associated with the risk of complications, as illustrated by the increased risk for dislocation (OR 1.75, P = .03), aseptic loosening (OR 2.18, P = .03), and revision surgery at 2 (OR 1.92, P = .02) and 4 years (OR 2.05, P = .01) in patients undergoing THA within 1 year of HA compared twitho patients undergoing THA more than 1 year after HA or with no previous history of HA.ConclusionPatients undergoing THA after HA are at an increased risk for surgical complications, as well as the need for revision surgery.     

Defining the Origins of the Iliofemoral, Ischiofemoral, and Pubofemoral Ligaments of the Hip Capsuloligamentous Complex Utilizing Computer Navigation

Purpose  

To use computer navigation software to investigate the specific origins of the hip capsuloligamentous complex.     

An Algorithmic Approach to Mechanical Hip Pain

Background

As our understanding of hip pathology evolves, the focus is shifting toward earlier identification of hip pathology. Therefore, it is vitally important to elucidate intra-articular versus extra-articular pathology of hip pain in every step of the patient encounter: history, physical examination, and imaging.

Questions/Purposes

The objective was to address the following research questions: (1) Can an algorithmic approach to physical examination of a painful non-arthritic hip provide a more accurate diagnosis and improved treatment plan? (2) Does an anatomical layered concept of clinical diagnosis improve diagnostic accuracy? (3) What are the diagnostic tools necessary for the accurate application of a four-layer (osteochondral, inert, contractile, and neuromechanical) diagnosis?

Methods

An unrestricted computerized search of MEDLINE was conducted. Different terms were used in various combinations.

Results

An algorithmic approach to physical examination of a painful nonarthritic hip, including history, physical examination (specific tests), and advanced imaging allow for better interpretation of debilitating intra- and extra-articular disorders and their effect on core performance. Additionally, it improves our understanding as to how underlying abnormal joint mechanics may predispose the hip joint and the associated hemipelvis to asymmetric loads. These abnormal joint kinematics (layer I) can lead to cartilage and labral injury (layer II), as well as resultant injury to the musculotendinous (layer III) and neural structures (layer IV) about the hip joint and the hemipelvis. The layer concept is a systematic means of determining which structures about the hip are the source of hip pathology and how to best implement treatment.

Conclusions

A clear understanding of the differential diagnosis of hip pain through a detailed and systematic physical examination, diagnostic imaging assessment, and the interpretation of how mechanical factors can result in such a wide range of compensatory injury patterns about the hip can facilitate the diagnosis and treatment recommendations.