人脑胶质瘤组织CD105的表达及意义

目的探讨人脑胶质瘤组织CD105 mRNA和蛋白的表达及意义。方法应用组织芯片结合免疫组化技术检测152例脑胶质瘤(WHOⅠ级4例,Ⅱ级32例,Ⅲ级68例,Ⅳ级48例)与20例正常脑组织中CD105蛋白的表达;应用实时荧光定量PCR技术研究22例胶质瘤(Ⅱ级7例,Ⅲ～Ⅳ级15例)与4例正常脑组织中的CD105 mRNA表达。所得结果采用秩和检验、t′检验。结果脑胶质瘤组CD105mRNA表达高于正常组(P=0.0322),Ⅲ～Ⅳ级组高于Ⅱ级组(P<0.05)。CD105标记的微血管密度(MVD)在Ⅲ～Ⅳ级组高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ级组(P<0.05),Ⅰ～Ⅱ级组高于正常组(P<0.05)。结论人脑胶质瘤组织CD105 mRNA在转录水平已上调,CD105的表达与胶质瘤病理分级有关。     

脑胶质瘤组织肿瘤浸润性树突状细胞及其分子标志物MHC-Ⅱ与CD54的表达情况及意义

目的 探讨脑胶质瘤组织肿瘤浸润性树突状细胞(tumor infiltrating dendritic cells,TIDC)及其分子标志物MHC-Ⅱ、CD54表达情况及意义。 方法 选择宁波市李惠利医院神经外科2013年1月-2017年6月脑胶质瘤组织标本70例作为脑胶质瘤组织组,正常脑组织标本70例作为正常脑组织组,脑胶质瘤组根据WHO病理分级分为低级别脑胶质瘤组(Ⅰ级+Ⅱ级)19例和高级别脑胶质瘤组(Ⅲ级+Ⅳ级)51例。采用免疫组化法测定脑胶质瘤组织TIDC数量和正常脑组织中树突状细胞(dendritic cells,DC)数量,采用流式细胞仪检测脑胶质瘤组织TIDC和正常脑组织中DC膜表面MHC-Ⅱ、CD54表达。 结果 细胞核出现棕褐色颗粒为S-100阳性染色的DC细胞。脑胶质瘤组织中TIDC数量低于正常脑组织中DC数量(P<0.05);高级别脑胶质瘤组织中TIDC数量低于低级别脑胶质瘤组织中TIDC数量(P<0.05)。脑胶质瘤组织TIDC膜表面MHC-Ⅱ、CD54表达量低于正常脑组织中DC膜表面MHC-Ⅱ、CD54表达(P<0.05)。高级别脑胶质瘤组织TIDC膜表面MHC-Ⅱ、CD54表达量低于低级别脑胶质瘤组织TIDC膜表面MHC-Ⅱ、CD54表达量(P<0.05)。 结论 脑胶质瘤组织中TIDC细胞少于正常脑组织中DC细胞,随着脑胶质瘤级别的升高,TIDC细胞浸润数目减少,脑胶质瘤存在抗原提呈功能缺失或降低。      

FAK在脑胶质瘤55例中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨脑胶质瘤细胞中局部黏着斑激酶(FAK)蛋白的表达水平与组织学分级之间的关系。方法:将55例脑胶质瘤标本按照WHO胶质瘤分类标准(2000年)分为4组,其中Ⅰ级13例,Ⅱ级16例,Ⅲ级17例,Ⅳ级9例,同时取11例正常脑组织标本(急性颅脑外伤患者手术内减压切除的脑组织标本)为对照组,分别行HE染色和免疫组织化学染色,观察FAK蛋白表达情况,并比较各组间的差异。结果: FAK蛋白在正常脑组织中均不表达;低级别(Ⅰ+Ⅱ)组的阳性表达率低于高级别(Ⅲ+Ⅳ)组(P<0.05);FAK表达强度与胶质瘤病理级别呈正相关(r=0.424,P<0.05)。结论:测定FAK蛋白在人脑胶质瘤中的表达水平将有助于判断人脑胶质瘤细胞的恶性程度。     

亲环素A蛋白表达水平与人脑胶质瘤分级相关性研究

目的:探讨亲环素A(CypA)蛋白表达水平与人脑胶质瘤分级之间的关系.方法:采用免疫组化ABC法观察不同病理级别人脑胶质细胞瘤标本45例和正常脑组织10例中CypA蛋白表达情况,比较各级之间表达率的差异.结果:正常脑组织CypA蛋白表达率为0,45例脑胶质瘤组织CypA蛋白总阳性表达率为60.0%,较正常脑组织有显著差异;各级脑胶质瘤CypA蛋白表达阳性率分别为Ⅰ级16.7%,Ⅱ级40.0%,Ⅲ级69.2%,Ⅳ级81.3%,低级别(Ⅰ～Ⅱ级)组为31.3%.高级别(Ⅲ～Ⅳ级)组为75.9%,两组之间CypA蛋白表达有显著差异(P＜0.01).结论:CypA蛋白的表达水平与人脑胶质瘤病理分级相关.     

缝隙连接蛋白43及其磷酸化蛋白在人脑胶质瘤中的表达及意义

目的：探讨缝隙连接蛋白43（ Cx43）及其磷酸化蛋白（ p－Cx43）在人脑胶质瘤中的表达及意义。方法收集手术切除并经病理证实的脑胶质瘤标本80例和正常脑组织标本20例,其中脑胶质瘤WHO分级Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级各20例。应用免疫组化染色及Western blot技术检测标本中Cx43及p－Cx43的表达。结果Cx43、p－Cx43在不同级别胶质瘤中的表达差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,随着胶质瘤级别的升高,Cx43表达逐渐减少,而p－Cx43表达逐渐上升,且与正常脑组织相比,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）,Ⅰ、Ⅱ级与Ⅲ、Ⅳ级相比,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.01）。结论 Cx43、p－Cx43可能与脑胶质瘤的恶性程度密切相关,两者在脑胶质瘤的发生和发展过程中可能起到一定的作用。     

Syntenin在人脑胶质瘤中的表达及其临床意义

目的研究不同级别人胶质瘤中Syntenin的表达规律,探讨其与胶质瘤分级的关系及临床意义。方法采用免疫组化及免疫印迹方法检测34例脑胶质瘤组织中Syntenin的表达部位及表达量,比较各级之间的表达差异,分析Syntenin表达与病理级别的相关性及与恶性程度之间的关系。结果免疫组化结果显示,正常脑组织中可见散在阳性表达细胞,Ⅰ级胶质瘤组织中未见阳性细胞表达,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级胶质瘤组织中的阳性细胞数量增加,染色增强,吸光度值随肿瘤恶性程度增加而升高,与正常脑组织相比具有显著性差异(P<0.05),Syntenin表达水平与胶质瘤病理级别呈正相关(r=0.896,P<0.05)。免疫印迹结果显示,Ⅰ级胶质瘤组织中未检测到阳性条带,而Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级胶质瘤组织中阳性条带的相对光密度比值随肿瘤恶性程度增加而升高,差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论Syntenin的表达与胶质瘤病理分级相关,可能在肿瘤恶性进展中具有重要作用。     

黏着斑激酶、磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源缺失基因在脑胶质瘤中的表达及相关性研究

目的：明确黏着斑激酶（FAK）和第十号染色体上磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源缺失基因（PTEN）在脑胶质瘤组织中的表达变化,以及与肿瘤的发生、侵袭性生长和临床病理学特征的关系.方法：应用EliVision免疫组织化学方法检测FAK、PTEN在6例正常脑组织及54例各级脑胶质瘤中的表达情况.结果：FAK在脑胶质瘤中的表达总阳性率为66.67%,其中Ⅰ～Ⅱ级为35.00%,Ⅲ级为81.25%,Ⅳ级为88.89%,Ⅰ～Ⅱ级阳性率均低于Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级（P〈0.01）,而Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.PTEN在脑胶质瘤中总阳性率46.30%,其中Ⅰ～Ⅱ级为75.00%,Ⅲ级为 31.25%,Ⅳ级为27.78%.Ⅰ～Ⅱ级阳性率均高于Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级（P〈0.01）,而Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.PTEN与FAK在脑胶质瘤中的表达呈负相关关系（P〈0.01）.结论：FAK的阳性率随着脑胶质瘤病理级别的增加而增加,而PTEN的阳性率随着脑胶质瘤病理级别的增加而降低.同时分析二者在肿瘤细胞中的表达,有助于判断脑胶质瘤的病理学分级、预后,以及进一步指导临床治疗.     

PIAS3在人脑胶质瘤中的表达

目的 通过观察PIAS3(protein inhibitor of activated STAT3)在不同级别胶质瘤中的表达,研究PIAS3表达与胶质瘤分化程度的关系.方法 运用免疫组织化学法对50例胶质瘤标本及5例正常脑组织中PIAS3的表达进行对照研究.结果 正常脑组织中未见PIAS3表达,胶质瘤标本中的总阳性率为56%(28/50),两者之间差异有显著性(P＜0.01);不同病理级别的阳性率和标记指数随着肿瘤恶性程度的升高而增加,但Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级胶质瘤PIAS3阳性率无明显差异(P＞0.05),Ⅰ～Ⅲ级与Ⅳ级阳性率之间有显著差异(P＜0.01);Ⅰ级与Ⅱ级的标记指数之间、Ⅲ级与Ⅳ级的标记指数之间均无明显差异(P＞0.05),低度恶性组(Ⅰ～Ⅱ级)与高度恶性组(Ⅲ～Ⅳ级)之间有显著差异(P＜0.05).结论 PIAS3在胶质瘤中有表达,并与肿瘤的病理分级和恶性程度密切相关,提示其可能参与了胶质瘤的发生、发展.     

p16在人脑胶质瘤中的表达及其意义

目的: 探讨p16在脑胶质瘤中的表达及其意义。方法: 采用免疫组织化学、核酸原位杂交和多重PCR的方法,检测68例脑胶质瘤和10例正常脑组织标本中p16的表达。结果: p16和mRNA在胶质瘤Ⅰ～Ⅱ级和Ⅲ～Ⅳ级的阳性表达,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01～P<0.005),而多重PCR检测p16在胶质瘤Ⅰ～Ⅱ级和Ⅲ～Ⅳ级的阳性表达,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论: p16基因缺失可能与胶质瘤的发生有关;p16低表达在人脑胶质瘤的恶性进展中起重要作用,可作为预后评估指标之一。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.