Pars plana vitrectomy and panretinal photocoagulation combined with trabeculectomy for successful treatment of neovascular glaucoma

Background Treatment of neovascular glaucoma (NVG) must be focused on the reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) and prompt application of pan retinal photocoagulation (PRP). A combination of complete PRP during vitrectomy with trabeculectomy should theoretically be a better method to lower the IOP rapidly in eyes with NVG. The purpose of our study is to assess the efficacy of combining pars plana vitrectomy and PRP with trabeculectomy assisted by mitomycin C (MMC) on NVG eyes secondary to diabetic retinopathy.Methods Twenty-five eyes with NVG associated with diabetic retinopathy had pars plana vitrectomy, followed by PRP and trabeculectomy with MMC. The eyes were divided into two groups: nine eyes with vitreous hemorrhage, fibrovascular membrane and/or retinal detachment were placed in the Proliferation group; and 16 eyes without vitreous hemorrhage, fibrovascular membrane, or retinal detachment were placed in the PC (photocoagulation) group. These eyes had vitrectomy performed so that PRP could be safely performed from ora to ora. The surgical outcome in the two groups was assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. The criteria for success were a postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤21 mmHg and a preservation of light perception.Results In the Proliferation group, Kaplan-Meier life-table analysis showed that the success rate was 55.6% after 1 year and 18.5% after 2 years. The success rate in the PC group was 81.2% from 1 to 3 years after surgery. The surgical outcome was significantly better in the PC group than in the Proliferation group (P=0.009). In the Proliferation group, four eyes had preoperative vitreous hemorrhage, three eyes had a fibrovascular membrane, and two eyes had a retinal detachment. Three of four eyes with vitreous hemorrhage achieved good IOP control. On the other hand, the IOP of all eyes with retinal detachment and fibrovascular membrane were not lowered significantly.Conclusions Complete PRP combined with trabeculectomy with MMC can effectively reduce the elevated IOP in eyes with NVG. However, this combined treatment is not effective in eyes with proliferative membranes and retinal detachments.     

Full preoperative panretinal photocoagulation improves the outcome of trabeculectomy with mitomycin C for neovascular glaucoma

PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of full panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) followed by trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC) in the management of eyes with neovascular glaucoma (NVG). METHODS: This study is based on 30 consecutive eyes of 27 patients with NVG who underwent full PRP followed by trabeculectomy with MMC. NVG was secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (23 eyes) and central retinal vein occlusion (7 eyes). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of the surgical outcome was performed. Operative success was defined as an intraocular pressure (IOP) of < or = 21 mmHg without medical therapy. RESULTS: Kaplan-Meier cumulative success rates at the 6-, 12-, and 24-month intervals were 86.5%, 74.7%, and 57.6%, respectively. Pseudophakia was the only identified significant risk factor for failure (p=0.0138; Fisher exact test). Additional surgical procedures were performed in 8 (26.6%) eyes. The mean IOP decreased from 41.0+/-10.2 mmHg to 18.2+/-9.2 mmHg (p<0.001; Wilcoxon signed rank test). The number of anti-glaucoma medications was reduced from 3.1+/-0.5 preoperatively to 0.3+/-0.7 postoperatively (p<0.001; Wilcoxon signedrank test). Twenty-four (80%) eyes were classified as surgical success after a mean followup period of 17.3+/-22.1 months. Twenty-two (73.3%) eyes had improved vision or retained preoperative vision. CONCLUSIONS: Full PRP followed by trabeculectomy with MMC can effectively reduce the elevatedIOP associated with NVG. Presence of pseudophakia is a significant negative predictor of surgical outcome.     

睫状体平坦部青光眼阀植入联合玻璃体切除全视网膜光凝治疗新生血管性青光眼的临床观察

目的:评估平坦部青光眼阀植入联合玻璃体切除全视网膜光凝术治疗继发性闭角型新生血管性青光眼(neovascular glaucoma,NVG)的临床效果。方法:对2007-05/2008-08在我科治疗的连续伴玻璃体积血的继发性闭角型NVG患者14例16眼行玻璃体切除视网膜光凝联合平坦部青光眼阀植入术并随访观察。结果:术后追踪随访3～13(平均7.3)mo。16只术眼中,除3眼外视力均不同程度提高。经秩和检验术前和术后两组相差显著。眼压由术前用降压药后的38～67(平均48.5±9.3)mmHg降至15.6～25.3(平均16.5±6.9)mmHg,两组相差有统计学意义。4眼出现术后并发症。其中2眼角膜水肿、前房炎症。1眼脉络膜脱离。经药物对症治疗后缓解。1眼出现医源性白内障。结论:玻璃体切除全视网膜光凝联合平坦部青光眼阀植入术是有效和安全的。特别是对于伴浅前房的NVG患者是一种新的治疗选择。     

恶性青光眼手术治疗远期疗效探讨

目的 探讨恶性青光眼手术治疗的远期效果。方法 回顾性分析1999年7月至2002年12月在我院手术治疗的恶性青光眼患者17例(17眼)手术方式、术后视力、眼压情况。结果 17例患者(17眼)中，12眼单纯行超声乳化白内障吸除联合后房型人工晶体植入，其中6眼于术后0．5月～10个月病情复发，经分别或联合行激光后囊切开、玻璃体前界膜切开、前部玻璃体切除。甚至房水引流管植入、睫状体光凝术后才得以缓解。5眼行超声乳化白内障吸除联合前部玻璃体切除、后房型人工晶体植入，未见病情复发。患者的视力较术前提高，眼压得到控制。结论 单纯超声乳化吸除白内障联合后房型人工晶体植入对早期或药物治疗能部分缓解的恶性青光眼有效；对弥漫性房角关闭、周边虹膜前粘连的顽固病例，超声乳化白内障吸除联合前部玻璃体切除、后房型人工晶体植入为较佳选择。     

Ahmed valve implantation for neovascular glaucoma after 23-gauge vitrectomy in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy

AIM:To report on the outcome of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation for the management of neovascular glaucoma (NVG) after 23-gauge vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).METHODS: Twelve medically uncontrolled NVG with earlier 23-gauge vitrectomy for PDR underwent AGV implantation. The control of intraocular pressure (IOP), preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity, the development of intraoperative and postoperative complications were evaluated during the follow-up.RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 15.4±4.3 months (9-23 months). Mean preoperative IOP was 49.4±5.1mmHg and mean postoperative IOP at the last visit was 17.5±1.6mmHg. The control of IOP was achieved at the final follow-up visits in all patients, however, 8 of 12 patients still needed anti-glaucoma medication (mean number of medications, 0.8±0.7). The visual acuity improved in nine eyes, and the visual acuity unchanged in three eyes at the final follow-up visits. The complications that occurred were minor hyphema in three eyes, choroid detachment in two eyes, and the minor hyphema and choroid detachments were reabsorbed without any surgical intervention.CONCLUSION: AGV implantation is a safe and effective procedure that enables successful IOP control and vision preservation in the NVG patients with the history of earlier 23-gauge vitrectomy for PDR.     

Trabeculectomy with mitomycin C combined with direct cauterization of peripheral iris in the management of neovascular glaucoma

PURPOSE: To determine the outcomes of trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC) combined with direct cauterization of peripheral iris before iridectomy in the management of neovascular glaucoma (NVG), and to demonstrate the effect of this surgical technique on decreasing the incidence of intraoperative bleeding and early postoperative hyphema. METHODS: This prospective study was based on 72 eyes of 72 patients with NVG who underwent primary trabeculectomy with MMC combined with direct cauterization of peripheral iris before iridectomy. The patients were evaluated for intraoperative and early postoperative complications such as hyphema, and operative success rates. Operative success was defined as an intraocular pressure (IOP) < or =22 mm Hg (+/-medical therapy) in the absence of phthisis. The mean IOP and the mean number of antiglaucomatous medications at baseline and at the posttrabeculectomy sixth month were compared by paired Student t test. RESULTS: The mean preoperative IOP was 39.3+/-5.6 mm Hg (range, 29 to 60 mm Hg) whereas it was 20.02+/-4.3 mm Hg (range, 14 to 38 mm Hg) at the postoperative sixth month. The mean preoperative number of antiglaucoma medications was 3.2+/-0.4 (range, 2 to 4) but it reduced to 1.8+/-0.6 (range, 1 to 4) at the postoperative sixth month. These differences were statistically significant (P<0.00001). The IOP was < or =22 mm Hg (+/-medical therapy) in 69 eyes (95.8%) at the postoperative first week, in 62 eyes (86.1%) at the postoperative first month, in 60 eyes (83.3%) at the postoperative third month and in 48 eyes (66%) at the postoperative sixth month. Hyphema occurred in 15 eyes (20.8%) within the first week of the surgery. In 12 eyes it was transient; however, in 3 eyes irrigation of anterior chamber was required. CONCLUSIONS: Trabeculectomy with MMC combined with direct cauterization of peripheral iris decreases the incidence of both intraoperative bleeding, and early postoperative hyphema, and provides reduction of IOP and the number of antiglaucomatous medications in cases with NVG in a 6-month follow-up period.     

AGV植入联合MMC及视网膜光凝治疗NVG

目的：观察 Ahmed青光眼阀(Ahmed glaucoma valve,AGV)植入术中应用丝裂霉素C(MMC)联合视网膜光凝治疗新生血管性青光眼(neovascular glaucoma,NVG)的临床疗效。

方法：回顾性分析行AGV植入术中应用MMC联合视网膜光凝术治疗的41 例41眼NVG患者临床资料,观察患者眼压变化、视力变化、手术成功率及并发症情况。

结果：患者术前平均眼压49.8±4.3mmHg,术后1,3,6,12mo分别为18.30±4.50,19.40±5.37,18.45±4.60,17.85±3.66mmHg。末次随访平均眼压20.25±4.2mmHg,与术前眼压相比差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访6～24mo,手术成功率为93% ,其中完全成功36眼(88%),部分成功2眼(5%),失败3眼(7%)。手术前后视力差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后常见并发症为术后早期低眼压4眼(10%); 术后浅前房1眼(2%); 前房少量出血3眼(7%); 引流管内口阻塞1眼(2%)。

结论：AGV植入术中应用MMC联合视网膜光凝治疗NVG临床疗效显著,可以有效降低NVG患者的眼压。     

小梁切除术或Ahmed阀植入术治疗新生血管性青光眼的疗效分析

目的：比较平坦部玻璃体切割术（PPV）、全视网膜激光光凝术（PRP）联合二期丝裂霉素C（MMC）小梁切除术或联合Ahmed阀植入术治疗新生血管性青光眼（NVG）的远期疗效。方法：回顾性病例对照研究。2009年6月至2013年1月就诊于常熟市第二人民医院眼科的NVG患者28例（29眼）,Ⅰ组13例（14眼）行PPV、PRP联合MMC小梁切除术;Ⅱ组15例（15眼）行PPV、PRP联合Ahmed阀植入术。术后随访4~6 年,观察2 组患者手术前后房角关闭状态、新生血管消退情况、滤过泡瘢痕化、眼压、手术成功率以及视力改变。采用配对或成组t 检验、Fisher精确检验以及 Mantel-Cox生存分析对数据进行统计分析。结果：2组患者房角粘连性关闭程度、术后新生血管消退速度比较差异无统计学意义。2 组术后视力均有所提高,但差异无统计学意义,且随访期间视力稳定。术后48 个月,Ⅰ组滤过泡均瘢痕化而Ⅱ组有6 眼存在盘周滤过泡。2 组间手术前后眼压差异无统计学意义,术后眼压均低于术前（均P ＜0.001）。在术后18 个月时2 组间手术成功率差异无统计学意义,但在术后48 个月时差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.093,P =0.024）。结论：PPV、PRP联合二期MMC小梁切除术或Ahmed阀植入术均能有效治疗NVG,而PPV、PRP联合Ahmed阀植入术的远期成功率较高。     

Mitomycin-C-augmented trabeculectomy for neovascular glaucoma. A preliminary report

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of trabeculectomy with intraoperative mitomycin C (MMC) in the management of eyes with neovascular glaucoma (NVG). METHODS: Fifteen eyes of 14 patients with NVG were included in the study. NVG was secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (3 eyes), hemiretinal vein occlusion (2 eyes), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (8 eyes), branch retinal vein occlusion (1 eye) and idiopathic (1 eye). Preoperative retinal ablation was performed in eyes with evidence of posterior segment ischaemia. Following this, all eyes underwent trabeculectomy with intraoperative MMC (0.4 mg/ml for 3 minutes). Clinical outcome assessment included visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), bleb appearance, identification of complications and antiglaucoma medications required to control IOP. RESULTS: The mean IOP decreased from 38.6 +/- 12.9 mmHg (range, 15-64 mmHg) to 17.4 +/- 9.33 mmHg (range, 4-34 mmHg) (P = 0.001). Preoperative visual acuity ranged from light perception to 6/9 in the affected eye. Thirteen (86.6%) of 15 eyes improved vision or retained preoperative vision, one (6.7%) eye lost light perception and one (6.7%) eye developed tractional retinal detachment two years after trabeculectomy. Ten (66.7%) of 15 eyes were classified as surgical success with a mean follow-up of 28.6 +/- 26.3 months (range, 2-82 months). None of the patients developed choroidal haemorrhage, hypotony maculopathy, late onset bleb leak or endophthalmitis. CONCLUSION: Trabeculectomy with intraoperative MMC is a good treatment modality in the management of eyes with NVG.     

Outcomes of Ahmed glaucoma valve and transscleral cyclophotocoagulation in neovascular glaucoma

Purpose:To determine the outcomes of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) and transscleral diode cyclophotocoagulation (CPC) in neovascular glaucoma (NVG).Methods:This was a single-center retrospective comparative case series involving chart review of consecutive patients who underwent AGV or CPC for treatment of NVG and had ≥6 months of follow-up. Surgical failure at 6 months, defined as an IOP of >21 or <6 mm Hg with hypotony maculopathy after 1 month, progression to no light perception (NLP) vision, glaucoma reoperation, or removal of AGV were the main outcome measures.Results:In total, 121 eyes of 121 patients were included (70 AGV and 51 CPC). Baseline demographics, visual acuity (VA), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were comparable between groups. At 6 months, failure was significantly higher in the CPC group than in the AGV group (43.1% vs. 17.1%, P = 0.020). Both groups had similar IOP and medication number at 6 months, but VA was significantly lower in the CPC group compared to the AGV group (2.4 ± 0.8 vs. 1.9 ± 1.0, P = 0.017). More CPC eyes required reoperation for glaucoma than AGV eyes (11.8% vs. 1.4%, P = 0.041). Multivariate regression analysis identified higher preoperative IOP (P = 0.001) and CPC surgery (P = 0.004) as independent predictors of surgical failure at 6 months. Age, sex, race, NVG etiology, bilaterality of the underlying retinal pathology, perioperative retina treatment, and prior or combined vitrectomy were not significantConclusion:AGV and CPC had comparable IOP and medication reduction in NVG eyes at 6 months. CPC was more frequently associated with failure, reoperation for glaucoma, and worse visual outcomes. High preoperative IOP and CPC surgery independently predicted surgical failure.     

前部视网膜冷凝联合玻璃体切除术治疗中早期NVG

摘要目的:探讨前部视网膜冷凝联合玻璃体切除术治疗中早期新生血管青光眼(neovascular glaucoma,NVG)的临床效果。方法:采用前部视网膜冷凝联合玻璃体切除术治疗中早期新生血管青光眼31例31眼,术中全视网膜光凝。结果:患者31眼,术前眼压41.1±6.2mmHg,术后观察3~25(平均9.8)mo,眼压22.6±6.9mmHg,术前术后眼压差别具有统计学意义(P=0.002);25例眼压控制正常,眼压19.8±2.4mmHg,6例眼压34±8.2mmHg,其中3例局部药物治疗眼压控制正常,2例行二次手术,玻璃体腔青光眼阀植入术后,眼压控制满意,1例无效,患眼无光感,疼痛,行眼内容摘除术。20眼视力有不同程度的提高,5例视力不变,5例视力下降,1例无光感。30例虹膜面新生血管绝大部分或完全消退,角膜透明,前房无积血,所有病例眼部疼痛消失或明显缓解。结论:前部视网膜冷凝联合玻璃体切除术可消退虹膜面的新生血管,有利于术后眼压的控制,恢复部分视力,为中早期新生血管性青光眼提供了一个行之有效的治疗方案。     

The role of antimetabolites in filtration surgery for neovascular glaucoma: intermediate-term follow-up

PURPOSE: To compare the intermediate-term efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and Mitomycin C (MMC) as adjunctive antimetabolites in neovascular glaucoma (NVG) filtration surgery. METHODS: Forty consecutive eyes of 40 patients with NVG refractory to medical therapy were randomized to receive antimetabolite-augmented trabeculectomy. Eighteen eyes received postoperative 5-FU (5-FU group) and 22 eyes received intraoperative, low-dose (0.2 mg/ml) MMC for 2 mins (MMC group). The main outcome measure was intraocular pressure (IOP). Surgical success was defined as IOP < 21 mmHg with topical treatment (qualified success) or without topical treatment (complete success). Surgical failure was defined as IOP > or = 21 mmHg, despite postoperative topical treatment, and by postoperative blindness. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 35.8 +/- 22.6 months in the 5-FU group and 18.6 +/- 17.2 months in the MMC group. This difference was not significant. Mean IOP decreased from 40.4 +/- 10.3 mmHg to 14.7 +/- 3.4 mmHg (p < 0.0001) in the 5-FU group and from 42 +/- 11.3 mmHg to 22.9 +/- 13.3 mmHg (p = 0.0006) in the MMC group; however, the difference between the 5-FU and MMC groups was not significant at any point. The success rate in the 5-FU group was 55.5% (44.4% complete, 11.1% qualified), compared with 54.5% (9.1% complete, 45.4% qualified) in the MMC group. This difference was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The percentage of patients who achieved postoperative IOP < 21 mmHg was similar in both groups, although a larger proportion of patients treated with MMC-augmented trabeculectomy required topical treatment in comparison with the 5-FU group.     

眼外伤早期继发青光眼的临床分析

目的探讨眼外伤患者早期继发青光眼的分类和治疗方法.方法收集139例(139只眼)眼外伤早期继发青光眼患者的临床资料,对患者的临床表现及治疗方法进行分型和分析.结果根据临床表现将眼外伤早期继发青光眼分为5种类型眼内积血型、房角挫伤型、晶状体相关型、粘连增殖型和眼内炎型.单纯药物治疗37例(37只眼)(26.62%);药物治疗联合前房穿刺或冲洗32例(32只眼)(23.02%);其他手术治疗(包括玻璃体切除、滤过手术和联合手术)70例(70只眼)(50.36%).治疗后随访3～6个月,未用降眼压药物、眼压正常患者(6 mm Hg≤眼压≤21 mm Hg)121例(121只眼)(87.05%),眼压>21 mm Hg者13例(13只眼)(9.35%),眼压<6 mm Hg者5例(5只眼)(3.60%).视力下降或丧失7例(7只眼),余132例(132只眼)视力与术前相同或提高.术中和术后眼出血8例(8只眼),视网膜脱离2例(2只眼).结论眼外伤早期继发青光眼患者临床表现复杂,对每种病例应采取具体有针对性的治疗方法.     

Ahmed青光眼阀植入术联合前部玻璃体切除治疗新生血管性青光眼

目的:观察Ahmed青光眼阀(ahmed glaucoma valve,AGV)植入术联合前部玻璃体切除治疗新生血管性青光眼的疗效。方法:对观察组32例32眼新生血管性青光眼患者行AGV植入术联合前部玻璃体切除,观察术后浅前房等早期并发症的发生率及手术效果,并与对照组22例24眼按常规方法行AGV植入术者进行比较。结果:术后前房延缓形成的发生率:观察组为3/32(9.4%),对照组为8/24(33.3%),两组差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.987,P=0.026),术后早期低眼压:观察组为10/32(31.3%),对照组为14/24(58.3%),两组差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.108,P=0.043),引流管阻塞发生率两组差异均无统计学意义。所有病例术后1mo时眼压≤2.8kPa者:对照组15/24(62.5%),观察组28/32(87.5%)。随访6mo,观察组总成功率17/32(53.1%),对照组总成功率13/24(54.2%),两组差异无统计学意义。结论:AGV植入术联合前部玻璃体切除治疗新生血管性青光眼操作简单,并发症少,疗效满意,是值得推荐的治疗方法。     

Intracameral anti-VEGF injection for advanced neovascular glaucoma after vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade

AIM: To evaluate the effect of intracameral injection of conbercept for the treatment of advanced neovascular glaucoma(NVG) after vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade.METHODS: Conbercept 0.5 mg/0.05 m L was injected into the anterior chamber of 5 eyes, which had developed advanced NVG after vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade. Then, trabeculectomy with mitomycin C and pan-retinal photocoagulation(PRP) or extra-PRP were conducted within 2 d. The follow-up time was 6 mo. Best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), intraocular pressure(IOP), neovascularization of iris(NVI) were recorded before and after treatment.RESULTS: Within 2 d after injection, IOP control, and NVI regression were optimal for trabeculectomy. Hyphema occurred in one eye in the process of injection. But none of them present hyphema after trabeculectomy. At the end of follow-up time, all eyes had improved BCVA, well-controlled IOP, and completely regressed NVI. CONCLUSION: Intracameral injection of conbercept is safe and effective in the treatment of patients with advanced NVG after vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade. Within 2 d after injection is the optimal time window for trabeculectomy, which can maximally reduce the risk of perioperative hyphema.     

Risk factors for flat anterior chamber after glaucoma filtration surgery

AIM: To investigate the incidence rate and risk factors for grade III flat anterior chamber (FAC) after glaucoma filtration surgery based on 5-year data. METHODS: Patients who underwent glaucoma filtration surgery in Daping hospital from January 2009 to December 2013 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The incidence of grade III FAC following glaucoma filtration surgery was determined. Regression analysis was performed to investigate the influence of glaucoma type, surgical approach, age, and preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) on the risk of postoperative FAC. RESULTS: A total of 2179 eyes receiving anti-glaucoma surgery were included. Ninety-one eyes suffered from postoperative FAC, with an overall incidence rate of 4.18%. Of 471 eyes with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), grade III FAC occurred in only 3 eyes (0.64%). Primary angle- closure glaucoma (PACG) was diagnosed in 1076 eyes, 39 (3.62%) of which developed grade III FAC, including 12 eyes (12/300, 4%) with acute PACG (aPACG) and 27 eyes (27/776, 3.48%) with chronic PACG (cPACG). Six of 259 eyes (2.32%) with secondary glaucoma, 28 of 186 eyes (15.05%) with neovasular glaucoma, 1 of 66 eyes (1.52%) with congenital glaucoma, and 14 of 115 eyes (12.17%) with remnant glaucoma suffered from grade III FAC. Of 6 eyes with mixed glaucoma, none developed grade III FAC after surgery. When stratified by surgical approach, 24 of 766 eyes (3.13%) undergoing trabeculectomy, 21 of 924 eyes (2.27%) treated by trabeculectomy plus mitomycin C (MMC), 18 of 109 eyes (16.51%) undergoing Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation, 23 of 201 eyes (11.44%) managed by Ahmed implantation plus MMC, and 5 of 133 eyes (3.76%) treated by Ahmed implantation plus lens extraction or vitrectomy developed grade III FAC. Logistic regression analysis revealed that factors including neovasular glaucoma, remnant glaucoma, glaucoma valve implantation, glaucoma valve implantation+MMC, glaucoma valve implantation+vitrectomy, age>60y, and IOP at admission >50 mm Hg were significantly associated with an increased risk for grade III FAC. CONCLUSION: The overall incidence of grade III FAC after glaucoma filtration surgery is 4.18%. Patients with neovasular glaucoma and remnant glaucoma are at a higher risk of developing FAC. Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation is associated with a higher risk for grade III FAC compared with trabeculectomy. No significant correlation was observed between the use of MMC in glaucoma filtration surgery and the risk of postoperative FAC. Higher IOP at admission (>50 mm Hg) and old age (>60y) are risk factors for grade III FAC.     

Comparison of healing patterns of different side-cut angulations after FS-LASIK

AIM: To investigate and evaluate healing patterns around flaps made with different side-cut angulations after femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK).METHODS: Thirty-four patients(68 eyes) received a 90° side-cut(n=34) or a 120° side-cut flaps(n=34) made with a femtosecond laser. One day, 1 wk, 1 and 3 mo postoperatively, side-cut scar was evaluated under slit-lamp photography according to a new grading system(Grade 0=transparent scar, 1=faint healing opacity, and 2=evident healing opacity). In vivo corneal confocal microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT) were used to observe wound-healing patterns around flap margin in the two groups. Sirius Scheimpflug Analyzer was also used to analyze higher order aberrations 3 mo after surgery.RESULTS: There were no significant differences in flap wound-healing patterns at each follow up between the two groups(P>0.05). Three months after surgery, the flap edge scar classified as Grade 0 had excellent apposition and rapid nerve regeneration. At 3 mm and 5 mm pupil diameters, there were significant differences in trefoil aberrations between the two groups(P<0.05), but no statistically significant differences were found in total higher order aberrations(HOAs), spherical aberrations or coma in any of the pupil size conditions(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Flap edge scars classified as Grade 0 have excellent apposition and rapid nerve regeneration, and 120° side-cut angle flaps induce less trefoil aberrations after FS-LASIK.     

Goniosurgery for glaucoma secondary to chronic anterior uveitis: prognostic factors and surgical technique

PURPOSE: To describe the preoperative prognostic factors that correlate with the surgical success of goniosurgery for glaucoma complicating chronic anterior uveitis and to describe the surgical technique. METHODS: The medical records of 31 patients with 31 eyes with glaucoma secondary to chronic anterior uveitis for which 38 goniotomy procedures were performed were reviewed. Uveitis etiology, gender, age of onset of iritis, duration of iritis before recognition of glaucoma, duration of iritis and duration of glaucoma until initial goniosurgery, preoperative gonioscopic findings, lens status, surgical outcome, age at initial goniosurgery, duration of postoperative observation, lens status, preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressures, topical steroid, and glaucoma medication use were reviewed. Complete success was defined by an intraocular pressure (IOP) < or = 21 mm Hg, and qualified success as IOP < or = 21 mm Hg with use of glaucoma medications. The surgical technique used to perform the goniosurgery was reviewed. RESULTS: Overall surgical success was achieved in 22 (71%) of 31 eyes. The mean age at surgery was 10.2 +/- 4.2 years (range, 4-21 years). All but 8 patients were female. Mean follow-up interval was 10.3 +/- 6.4 years (range, 1.5-22 years). Significant correlation was found between outcome and age at initial surgery, lens status, duration of glaucoma before goniosurgery, duration of iritis before glaucoma surgery, and hours of peripheral anterior synechia (PAS). The mean number of clock hours of preoperative (PAS) was 0.5 hours in eyes with success versus 2.5 hours in eyes with failure. Age of onset of iritis, duration of iritis before recognition of glaucoma, trabecular meshwork pigmentation (TM), TM opacification, and circumferential ciliary body band narrowing did not correlate with surgical outcome. CONCLUSION: Goniosurgery is an effective treatment of glaucoma secondary to chronic anterior uveitis. The outcome of surgery was unfavorably influenced by older age, longer duration of glaucoma, and evidence of more advanced preoperative filtration angle abnormalities secondary to uveitis. Goniosurgery for this secondary glaucoma can be successfully performed utilizing the standard goniotomy technique.     

新生血管性青光眼不同治疗方法疗效对比分析

目的:对比三种不同方法治疗新生血管性青光眼(neovasular glaucoma,NVG)的疗效。方法:对51例54眼NVG患者进行回顾性观察和分析,根据患者的不同手术方式及治疗方法分为3组。A组27例28眼,行单纯睫状体光凝术;B组14例14眼,avastin玻璃体腔内注射1wk后行小梁切除术联合丝裂霉素C(MMC)术中敷贴;C组10例12眼,avastin玻璃体腔内注射1wk后行玻璃体切割术+引流阀植入术。B,C两组均在治疗过程中尽早完成全视网膜光凝术(panretinal photocoagulation,PRP)。结果:患者出院时平均眼压:A组为25.75±1.44mmHg,手术成功率为21%;B组为12.86±1.37mmHg,手术成功率为86%;C组为16.58±1.85mmHg,手术成功率为83%。结论:三种方法均不同程度降低眼压。但睫状体光凝术在术后1wk内多数患者眼压控制不在正常范围,故有视力眼不宜选择单纯睫状体光凝术。抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)类药物联合抗青光眼手术可在1wk内有效控制眼压,对于保存患者视功能明显优于单纯睫状体光凝术。     

玻璃体切割联合视网膜睫状体光凝术与内窥镜睫状体光凝术治疗新生血管性青光眼疗效对比

目的对比抗VEGF治疗联合微创玻璃体切割、视网膜睫状体光凝术与内窥镜睫状体光凝术(ECP)治疗新生血管性青光眼(neovascular glaucoma,NVG)的疗效。方法回顾性分析NVG患者49例49眼,分为玻璃体切割联合视网膜睫状体光凝术组(A组)25例25眼和ECP组(B组)24例24眼。观察两组患者术后眼压、视力、虹膜新生血管、术中及术后并发症。结果两组术后眼压下降,与术前相比差异均有统计学意义(均为P=0.00)。术后2 d、7 d及1个月两组眼压差异均有统计学意义(P=0.00、0.04、0.00),术后3个月、6个月两组眼压相比差异均无统计学意义(P=0.68、0.59)。末次随访两组视力差异无统计学意义(P=0.64),较其术前差异均有统计学意义(P=0.04、0.03)。两组患者术后6个月虹膜新生血管消退情况差异有统计学意义(P=0.00)。A组患者术后并发症主要有前房反应性渗出、前房积血,B组患者术中并发症为前房出血,早期并发症有短期内高眼压、角膜水肿、前房反应性渗出、前房积血。结论玻璃体切割联合视网膜睫状体光凝术与ECP均能降低NVG患者眼压。玻璃体切割联合视网...