27例双侧颈侧区无痛性肿块的临床分析

目的：总结双侧颈侧区非涎腺、非甲状腺肿块病种的临床特征及分布规律,以提高其诊断水平。方法：对27例双侧颈侧区无痛性肿块的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：本组病例中恶性肿块17例（63%）,其中淋巴结转移癌13例,恶性淋巴瘤4例。17例中40岁以上者12例。良性肿块10例（37%）,其中淋巴结反应性增生5例,淋巴结结核4例,颈动脉体瘤1例。其中40岁以下者9例。结论：双侧颈侧区非涎腺、非甲状腺无痛性肿块绝大多数为淋巴结源性肿块;恶性肿块多于良性肿块;恶性肿块以40岁以上者多见,良性肿块以40岁以下者多见。     

颈侧区非器官源性肿块216例临床分析

目的:总结颈侧区非器官源性肿块的临床特征及分布规律,以提高临床诊断水平。方法:回顾性分析2003~2013年收治的216例颈侧区非器官源性肿块的临床资料。结果:肿块中肿瘤135例(恶性肿瘤104例),炎症52例,畸形29例;各组良性肿块以40岁以下多见,各组恶性肿块以40岁以上多见;20岁以下患者恶性肿瘤以淋巴瘤占首位,40岁以上患者以转移癌多见。结论:颈侧区非器官源性肿块病种呈多样性,分布与年龄存在关系,临床首诊工作中需注意鉴别。     

颌下腺与舌下腺癌病理讨论

颌下腺区肿块最常见为良性炎症引起。与腺体导管阻塞有关。所有涎腺肿瘤中,颌下腺肿瘤占10%,腮腺肿瘤占80%。但颌下腺肿瘤恶性率很高,接近50%。颌下腺肿瘤通常为无痛性肿块,因局部增大产生的疼痛,为晚期最常见的症状。术前运动神经麻痹,提示极可能为恶性变。良性肿瘤多见于妇女,男性多为恶性。40岁常为良性。60岁常为恶性。良性混合瘤除复发外,死亡少见,约为2.2%。恶性肿瘤     

2489例涎腺上皮性肿瘤临床病理分析

目的:了解涎腺上皮性肿瘤的临床病理特点。方法:对2489例涎腺上皮性肿瘤临床病理资料进行统计分析。结果:涎腺恶性上皮性肿瘤840例,腺样囊性癌、黏液表皮样癌、癌在多形性腺瘤中居其前3位;涎腺良性上皮性肿瘤1649例,多形性腺瘤、Warthin瘤、基底细胞腺瘤居其前3位。涎腺恶性、良性上皮性肿瘤男女之比为1.13∶1和0.99∶1;平均发病年龄47.86岁和44.86岁;腮腺和腭部为好发部位。结论:腺样囊性癌和多形性腺瘤是最常见的涎腺恶性、良性上皮性肿瘤。     

儿少期涎腺上皮性肿瘤的诊治特点

作者对６６例发生于１６岁以下的儿童及少年的涎腺上性肿瘤进行了临床分析，此６６例占同期涎腺上皮性肿瘤的３．６％。其中２５例为良性肿瘤，占３７．９％，以多形性腺瘤最多见；４１例为恶性肿瘤，占６２．１％，以粘液表皮样癌居首位。１０岁以上组５０例，占全部病的３／４以上。５岁以上组仅６例，其中恶生肿瘤５例，表明患者年龄越小，患恶性肿瘤的可能性越大，且肿瘤分化程度低，恶性度高。２例腮腺患者曾因同侧腮腺区管瘤而     

儿童涎腺上皮性肿瘤的临床研究

目的：探讨儿童涎腺上皮性肿瘤的发病特点及诊疗要点,方法：对４５例病理证实的１６岁以下儿童涎腺上皮性肿瘤患者的临床资料进行统计分析。结果：儿童涎腺上皮性肿瘤,男女之比为１．１４：１,发病平均年龄为１０．３４岁,随着年龄的增大,患病比随之增高,但年龄越小患病性肿瘤的可能性愈大,且恶性程度愈高;发病部位以腮腺、颌下腺及腭部多见,大小涎腺间良恶性肿瘤患病比无明显差别：良性肿瘤以多形性腺瘤常见,恶性肿瘤以粘     

大涎腺上皮性肿瘤212例临床分析

目的 总结大涎腺上皮性肿瘤的临床特点,指导临床实践。方法 按照WHO 1991年涎腺肿瘤组织学分类标准,对212例经病理确诊的大涎腺上皮性肿瘤进行回顾性临床分析,讨论良、恶性肿瘤的不同临床特征。结果 212例肿瘤中,腺瘤166例(78.3％),以多形性腺瘤为主;涎腺癌46例(21.7％),以腺样囊性癌最多见。腮腺是最主要发病部位。涎腺腺瘤临床多表现为无痛性肿块,涎腺癌常伴有疼痛和(或)神经麻痹等症状。结论 大涎腺良、恶性肿瘤具有不同的临床特征,有助于临床正确诊断。     

涎腺肿瘤3461例临床病例分析

目的 :了解涎腺肿瘤发病情况、构成特点及发展趋势。方法 :对四川大学华西口腔医院 195 5～ 2 0 0 2年间收治的 3 461例涎腺肿瘤临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 :良恶性的平均发病年龄分别是 41.3 8岁和 45 .2 0岁 ,良恶性的男女之比分别是 0 .99∶1和 1.3 4∶1。腮腺、腭部的小涎腺和颌下腺分别列为涎腺肿瘤原发部位前3位 ;多形性腺瘤、腺淋巴瘤、基底细胞腺瘤与粘液表皮样癌、腺样囊性癌、腺癌分别列为良、恶性肿瘤前三位。结论 :涎腺肿瘤发病有增加的趋势 ;男性患者的构成比恶性肿瘤高于良性 ;女性患者构成比有增加趋势 ;腮腺和腭部分别是大、小涎腺肿瘤的高发部位 ;多形性腺瘤和粘液表皮样癌是最常见的涎腺良、恶性肿瘤。     

涎腺肿瘤中端粒长度及端粒酶活性测定的意义

目的：探讨端粒长度及端粒活性变化在涎腺肿瘤发生中的作用和端粒酶活性水平与涎腺肿瘤生物学行为间的关系。方法：利用TRAP法分别测定35例良性涎腺肿瘤及24例恶性涎腺肿瘤的端粒酶活性，分析其表达情况及与涎腺肿瘤生物学行为间的关系。利用Southern杂交方法测定良，恶性涎腺肿瘤及正常涎腺的端粒长度，并进行统计分析。结果：良性肿瘤端粒酶表达率为17．14％，而恶性肿瘤表达率为90％，5例有触压痛的良性涎腺肿瘤及3例有面神经受累症状的恶性涎腺肿瘤患者均为端粒酶强阳性，35例良性肿瘤中，有32例端粒酶长度是缩短的，有2例长于正常涎腺端粒长度；24例恶性肿瘤中，有15例短于正常涎腺端粒长度，有5例长于正常涎腺端粒长度，有4例处于正常涎腺端粒长度范围内，15例短于正常涎腺端粒长度的恶性涎腺肿瘤均有酶表达，而32例良性肿瘤端粒酶活性表达率为10．34％，结论：端粒缩短并激活端粒酶是涎腺肿瘤形成的重要因素，端粒酶可能会成为涎腺恶性肿瘤的一个新的肿瘤标志物，恶性涎腺肿瘤不良的生物学行为与端粒酶活性水平间有高度相关性。     

儿童涎腺上皮性肿瘤的临床研究

目的：探讨儿童涎腺上皮性肿瘤的发病特点及诊疗要点。方法：对４５例经病理证实的１６ 岁以下儿童涎腺上皮性肿瘤患者的临床资料进行统计分析。结果：儿童涎腺上皮性肿瘤,男女之比为１．１４：１;发病平均年龄为１０．３４岁,随着年龄的增大,患病比随之增高,但年龄越小患恶性肿瘤的可能性愈大,且恶性程度愈高;发病部位以腮腺、颌下腺及腭部多见,大小涎腺间良恶性肿瘤患病比无明显差别;良性肿瘤以多形性腺瘤常见,恶性肿瘤以粘液表皮样癌最常见。良性肿瘤术后少有复发,恶性肿瘤复发率约占被随访者的５０％ 。结论：对儿童涎腺上皮性肿瘤,尤其是患儿年龄愈小时,患恶性肿瘤的可能性更大,应引起高度警惕。恶性肿瘤手术应彻底,不可因患儿年龄小过分强调保留面神经而增加复发的机会。     

Actinomycosis originating in the submandibular gland: Report of a case

We report herein a very rare case of actinomycosis originating in the submandibular gland in which malignancy was suspected. A 56-year-old man visited our clinic with a chief complaint of painless mass in the right submandibular region. From the imaging diagnosis, we suspected malignant tumor in the submandibular gland. Under general anesthesia, right radical neck dissection and excision of the submandibular gland with the above mass were carried out. Histopathological diagnosis of actinomycosis in the submandibular gland was made. Because the focus exists within the gland, we consider this case as a primary submandibular gland actinomycosis. Two years postoperatively, the tumor has not recurred. On diagnosis, it is necessary to differentiate this disease with other benign or malignant tumors.     

615例小涎腺上皮性肿瘤的临床病理分析

目的　探讨小涎腺上皮性肿瘤的临床病理特点。方法　对615例小涎腺上皮性肿瘤的部位分布、发病年龄、性别及组织学类型进行回顾性分析。结果　615例小涎腺上皮性肿瘤中腺瘤265例,癌350例,良恶性肿瘤之比为1∶1·3。良性肿瘤中以多形性腺瘤最为常见(81·1%),其次为肌上皮瘤(14·7%)。恶性肿瘤中以腺样囊性癌最常见(32·9%),其次为粘液表皮样癌(21·4%),腺癌(11·7%)。小涎腺上皮性肿瘤以腭部最为好发,分别占良、恶性肿瘤的77·0%和60.0%。腺瘤中女性患者(51·3%)稍多于男性(48·7%);小涎腺癌患者中男性(56·3%)多于女性 (43·7%)。小涎腺腺瘤患者平均发病年龄40·9岁,小涎腺癌平均发病年龄49·1岁,恶性肿瘤的发病年龄显著高于良性肿瘤(P<0·05)。结论　小涎腺上皮性肿瘤在病理类型构成比、部位、年龄、性别分布上具有其独到的特点。     

2456例唾液腺肿瘤临床病理分析

目的探讨唾液腺肿瘤的发病、病理类型等临床特点。方法收集中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院口腔颌面外科1973年1月至2018年12月间确诊的唾液腺肿瘤病例2456例患者的相关资料,回顾分析其性别、年龄、病理类型、发病部位、良恶性构成比等特点。结果46年间收治的唾液腺肿瘤患者2456例,女性比例占41.9%,男性占58.1%,40~60岁年龄段为发病高峰,其中良性肿瘤1863例(75.9%),恶性肿瘤593例(24.1%),良恶性之比为3.1∶1。良性肿瘤构成比前2位是多形性腺瘤(58.7%)、Warthin瘤(33.6%),恶性肿瘤构成比前2位是黏液表皮样癌(27.7%)、腺样囊性癌(26.1%)。最常见的良性肿瘤多形性腺瘤的好发部位是腮腺、腭部、颌下腺,而恶性肿瘤中粘液表皮样癌则常见于腮腺和腭部的小唾液腺。本组资料中唾液腺肿瘤发病呈逐年递增的趋势,近10年病例占总病例数的53.3%。结论唾液腺肿瘤病人数量逐年增加;唾液腺肿瘤的总发生率男性高于女性;大唾液腺以良性肿瘤为主,小唾液腺恶性肿瘤多见;多形性腺瘤、Warthin瘤、黏液表皮样癌最常见;40~60岁是唾液腺良、恶性肿瘤高发年龄段。     

Parotid gland tumors in a Korean population

Salivary gland tumors occur in about 3% of the head and neck tumors, and among the salivary gland tumors, parotid gland tumor occurs in about 80%. Because of its low frequency and small cases, it is hard to establish the epidemiologic characteristics of the tumors. This study was performed retrospectively from February 1987 to August 2010. There were 95 male, and 76 female patients. Most of the patients complained of the painless and progressively enlarged mass in the preauricular area. Peak incidence of benign parotid gland tumor was at the fifth decade of life. In the malignant tumors, peak age in males was the eighth decade, and peak age in females was from the third to the fifth decade of life, which was relatively younger and has a broad range of spectrum. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most common benign tumor of the 93 cases (61.6%) followed by Warthin tumor, occurring in 20 cases (13.2%). Squamous cell carcinoma, reported in 6 cases (30%), is the most frequent. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the second leading tumor. In conclusion, parotid gland tumor incidence was found to be higher in males. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most commonly encountered type of parotid gland neoplasms, which is in agreement with findings from all of the published literature from all over world. In contrast to most of the previous studies, squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent malignant tumor found. Based on the data in this study, it has significant clinical respect and is helpful in the management of parotid gland tumors in Orientals.     

174例腮腺肿瘤临床分析

目的:对腮腺肿瘤手术病例进行总结分析,以期达到提高治愈率,减少并发症的目的。方法:对174腮腺肿瘤病例治疗方法和预后作系统性回顾分析。结果:31例术后出现Frey综合症(17.8%),44例术中植入脱细胞异体真皮基质病例则无1例出现Frey综合症;18例出现暂时性面瘫(10%);10例发生涎瘘(6%);7例发生永久性面瘫(4%),139例良性肿瘤无1例出现术后复发,35例恶性肿瘤有15例出现原位灶复发或颈淋巴结转移。结论:腮腺良性肿瘤治疗应以局部切除及次全切除为首选治疗方式,恶性肿瘤应在全切除术的基础上行选择性颈淋巴清扫术,术中植入脱细胞异体真皮基质是预防Frey综合征的有效方法。     

Tumors of the submandibular gland: clinicopathologic analysis of 23 patients.

PURPOSE: Tumors of the submandibular gland are rare, comprising less than 2% of head and neck neoplasia. Both benign and malignant lesions show a mild symptomatology, resulting in late presentation and in advanced stage of disease. The purpose of this article was to report our experience in treating submandibular gland neoplasia during the last 10 years. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The medical records of all patients with histologically confirmed epithelial tumors of the submandibular gland were retrospectively reviewed. This review found 23 patients with 9 benign and 14 malignant tumors. The collection of data included demographic data, diagnostic procedures, operative and pathology reports, complications, additional treatment, and follow-up. RESULTS: There were 10 men and 13 women with a mean age of 60 years. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most frequently encountered benign tumor; adenocarcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma had an equal presentation in the malignant group of patients. Eleven of the 14 patients with malignant tumors presented in advanced stages of disease (stage III and IV). Surgery was the sole treatment for the benign tumors. There were no recurrences. In the majority of cases, patients with malignant tumors were treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. Eight patients died during the follow-up period, giving a mortality rate of 61.5%. CONCLUSION: Benign submandibular gland tumors manifest a mild course of disease, and local excision along with the gland is a safe and effective method of treatment. Malignant tumors have a poor symptomatology that results in late diagnosis. Radical surgery and postoperative radiotherapy is the treatment of choice. Prognosis depends on the histopathology and biologic behavior of the specific type of malignant tumor.     

Salivary gland tumors in an Iranian population: a retrospective study of 130 cases.

PURPOSE: Tumors of the salivary glands are uncommon, comprising 3% to 10% of head and neck neoplasia. In the absence of epidemiologic studies of these neoplasms in an Iranian population, we conducted a preliminary survey of 130 cases over the last 20 years in Hamedan, Iran. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The medical records and case notes of all patients with histologically confirmed salivary gland tumors were reviewed retrospectively from February 1984 to March 2003. This review found 89 patients with benign tumors and 41 patients with malignant tumors. The collection of data included gender, age, location, and histopathology of the tumor. Other recorded data included diagnostic procedures, operative reports, complications, additional treatment, and follow-up. RESULTS: We studied 78 females and 52 males with a mean age of 44.9 years. Patients with benign and malignant tumors presented with a mean age of 41.3 and 47 years, respectively. The frequency of benign tumors was 68.4% (n = 89) and 31.6% for malignant tumors (n = 41). Tumors were localized in the parotid gland (63%; n = 82), the submandibular gland (23%; n = 30), and in the minor salivary glands (14%; n = 18). The most common benign tumor was pleomorphic adenoma (65.4%; n = 85). Among malignant tumors, mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most frequent (11.5%; n = 15), followed by adenocarcinoma (10%; n = 13). Greater than 63% of malignant tumors were treated surgically, and the remaining with combined therapy. Seven patients died over the follow-up period (6 with persistent disease), 5 were lost to follow-up, and 23 remained cancer-free. CONCLUSION: Between benign and malignant salivary gland tumors, frequency of pleomorphic adenoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma was in keeping with studies reported previously. In other salivary gland tumors, however, diversity was obvious and showed significant difference, requiring further studies.     

腮腺肿瘤112例临床分析

目的：对腮腺肿瘤的临床和病理学特点进行分析，探讨诊断和治疗中的注意事项。方法：对1985～2005年间收治的112例腮腺肿瘤病例的临床和病理学特点进行回顾性分析。结果：112例腮腺肿瘤男性多于女性。年龄14～80岁。良性肿瘤84例，占75％，恶性肿瘤28例，占25％。B超诊断符合率86．4％。细针吸细胞学定性诊断符合率92．9％，组织类型鉴别较困难。24例腮腺良性肿瘤直径〈2cm者行肿瘤加瘤周正常腺体切除术，获得随访18例，1例腺淋巴瘤在其它部位复发。结论：术前定性诊断应根据肿瘤的部位、大小及患者的情况选择合适的检查方法，疑难病例手术中冰冻活体组织检查是确诊的可靠依据。小的腮腺良性肿瘤实施瘤周正常腺体切除术，不增加复发率，并能减少腮腺手术的并发症。     

GST-π、TopoⅡ在涎腺肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的：探讨谷胱苷肽S转移酶-π（GST-π）和DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱ（TopoⅡ）在涎腺肿瘤组织中的表达及临床意义。方法：采用免疫组化方法检测10例正常涎腺组织、16例涎腺良性肿瘤、27例涎腺恶性肿瘤组织中GST-π、TopoⅡ的表达，分析GST-π、TopoⅡ的表达与涎腺肿瘤临床病理特征。结果：涎腺恶性肿瘤GST-π的阳性率为77．78％，明显高于涎腺良性肿瘤GST-π的阳性率12．50％（P〈0．001）。涎腺肿瘤中GST-π表达与TopoⅡ表达之间无明显相关性（Ｐ〉0．05）。27例涎腺恶性肿瘤中GST-π、TopoⅡ的表达与肿瘤病理类型有关（P〈0．05），而与患者的年龄、性别、有无淋巴结转移及临床分期无关。结论：GST-π、TopoⅡ可能与涎腺肿瘤的发生发展相关。检测GST-π、TopoⅡ的表达情况不仅可为涎腺恶性肿瘤化疗用药提供参考，而且可作为涎腺恶性肿瘤判断预后的指标。     

腮腺包块136例临床分析

目的：通过对136例腮腺包块的临床分析,提高腮腺包块的诊断水平和治疗效果。方法：对1985～2004年收治的136例腮腺包块病例进行回顾性分析。其中良性肿瘤112例,恶性肿瘤18例,其它病变6例。所有包块均行手术治疗,对恶性肿瘤术后进行放化疗。结果：128例腮腺包块经手术治愈,3例良性肿瘤及5例恶性肿瘤复发。结论：腮腺包块的正确诊断对治疗方法的选择有重要指导意义。