肝细胞癌CT灌注参数与VEGF表达的相关性研究

目的: 探讨肝细胞癌(HCC)CT灌注参数与血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的相关性,以期获得在活体评价肿瘤血管生成状况的途径.材料和方法: 经手术病理证实的肝细胞癌组24例,对照组15例.患者均依次行常规全肝平扫、CT灌注扫描及常规全肝增强扫描.用免疫组化SP法检测HCC中VEGF的表达.结果: 肝癌组肝动脉灌注量(HAP)明显升高,门静脉灌注量(HPP)显著降低,肝癌组比对照组肝动脉灌注指数(HAI)明显升高而门静脉灌注指数(PPI)显著下降;不同VEGF表达组的HCC灌注参数不同,HAP值与VEGF表达存在正相关.结论: 肝细胞癌CT灌注参数HAP与VEGF表达存在正相关,灌注参数在一定程度上反映活体的肿瘤血管生成状况和恶性程度,有助于临床制定治疗方案,判断疗效及预后.     

肝细胞癌的CT灌注研究

目的探讨CT灌注研究肝细胞癌(HCC)血流灌注的价值.资料与方法 HCC 61例,其中手术切除18例,穿刺活检证实10例,手术探查13例,其余为临床综合诊断.正常对照组23例.所有病例均依次行常规全肝平扫、CT灌注扫描(CTP)及常规全肝增强扫描.根据灌注扫描所得图像自动生成时间-密度曲线(TDC),计算灌注参数.CT灌注扫描测量的血供参数包括:肝动脉灌流量(HAP)、门静脉灌流量(HPP)、总肝灌流量(TLP)、肝动脉灌流指数(HAI)、门静脉灌流指数(PVI).结果 HCC上述各值分别为0.784 ml·min-1·ml-1、0.441 ml·min-1·ml-1、1.225 ml·min-1·ml-1、0.64、0.36;癌旁肝为0.378 ml·min-1·ml-1、1.112 ml·min-1·ml-1、1.489 ml·min-1·ml-1、0.25、0.75;对照组为0.399 ml·min-1·ml-1、1.143 ml·min-1·ml-1、1.489 ml·min-1·ml-1、0.26、0.74.肝细胞癌与癌旁肝、对照组之间均有显著差异(P＜0.01),癌旁肝与对照组之间各值无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论 HCC的动脉灌流量及其灌流指数明显升高,门脉灌流量及其灌流指数明显减少.CT灌注能定量反映HCC的血流灌注情况.     

头颈部鳞状细胞癌64层CT灌注技术可行性及灌注参数的定量分析

目的评价头颈部鳞状细胞癌(SCC)64层CT定量灌注成像技术的可行性。方法对29例病人共计29个经证实的鳞状细胞癌病灶进行全病灶区电影模式CT灌注扫描,     

肝细胞癌CT灌注参数与微血管密度的相关性研究

目的探讨肝细胞癌(HCC)的CT灌注参数与微血管密度(MVD)之间的相关性。方法以18例行CT灌注扫描检查并经病理及免疫组织化学染色证实的患者为研究对象。CT灌注扫描计算的血供参数包括肝动脉灌流量(HAP)、门静脉灌流量(PVP)、肝总灌流量(TLP)、肝动脉灌流指数(HAI)、门静脉灌流指数(PVI)。病理组织切片经HE及CD34染色,确定癌细胞分化程度及测定组织MVD。分析CT灌注参数与肿瘤恶性程度及MVD之间的相关性。结果18例中,高分化HCC5例,中分化HCC7例,低分化HCC6例。MVD分别为高分化组736个/mm2,中分化组1667个/mm2,低分化组2382个/mm2。各组灌注参数HAP、PVP、TLP、HAI、PVI分别依次为高分化组0478ml·min-1·ml-1、0441ml·min-1·ml-1、0918ml·min-1·ml-1、052、048;中分化组1216ml·min-1·ml-1、0587ml·min-1·ml-1、1803ml·min-1·ml-1、067、033;低分化组1103ml·min-1·ml-1、0473ml·min-1·ml-1、1576ml·min-1·ml-1、071、029。结果表明,高分化HCC的MVD、PVP、TLP、HAI最低,PVI最高(P值均<001);中分化HCC的PVP、TLP最高(P<001);低分化HCC的MVD、HAI最高,PVI最低(P<005)。结论CT灌流指数是反映肿瘤恶性程度及肿瘤血管生成的较好指标。     

CT灌注成像评价肝细胞癌TACE前后血供的初步经验

目的:探讨经导管动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗肝细胞癌(HCC)前后血流灌注变化。材料和方法:对21例HCC患者TACE治疗前、后1个月行CT灌注成像扫描,测量肿瘤组织治疗前后肝动脉灌注值(HAP)、门静脉灌注值(HPP)及肝动脉灌注指数(HPI)。结果:治疗前7例肿瘤组织肝动脉灌注图呈均匀高灌注,14例呈不均匀高灌注,液化坏死区无血流灌注。门静脉灌注图,20例呈低灌注,1例无血流灌注。TACE后肿瘤组织HAP及HPI显著减少,HPP无明显变化。5例病灶碘油完全充填,16例病灶部分区域碘油充填,碘油区无血流灌注,肿瘤残留区仍有血流灌注。结论:CT灌注成像为评价TACE疗效提供了一个新方法。     

CT灌注参数动脉增强分数值在评估肝癌TACE术后疗效中的初步研究北大核心CSCD

目的探讨常规CT三期灌注参数动脉增强分数(AEF)值在肝细胞肝癌(HCC)行TACE后疗效评价中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析行TACE术的30例HCC患者,于术前1~3 d、术后30~40 d分别行常规CT三期灌注扫描,应用CT Kinetics软件计算AEF参数值。AEF值为(动脉期CT值-平扫期CT值)/(门脉期CT值-平扫期CT值),并将结果进行统计学分析。结果治疗有效组17例,治疗无效组13例。有效组术后AEF为(0.351±0.090),无效组为(0.438±0.050),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。以术后AEF值0.392为临界值预测TACE术后疗效,灵敏度和特异度分别为86.7%和73.2%,曲线下面积为0.876(P<0.001)。结论常规CT三期灌注参数AEF能定量反映肝癌TACE前后的血流动力学变化,有助于TACE疗效的早期评价,且不增加格外的辐射剂量。     

血清血管内皮生长因子及CT灌注与原发性肝癌栓塞化疗的相关性分析

目的 探讨原发性肝癌(HCC)患者栓塞前后血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平和CT灌注参数之间的关系.方法 对17例HCC患者于经导管动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)术前1 d、术后7～10 d分别采用酶联免疫吸附定量法测量血清VEGF水平,同时行CT灌注扫描,计算各函数图中肝血流量(HBF)、肝动脉灌注分数(HAF),肝动脉灌流量(HAP)、门静脉灌流量(FVP).结果 原发性肝癌栓塞前后的HBF、HAP存在显著差异,HAF、PVP、VEGF无显著差异.血清VEGF与HBF、HAF、HAP呈正相关,而与PVP无明显相关性.结论 血清VEGF水平及CT灌注对评价肝癌TACE疗效、指导治疗有重要价值.     

急性心肌梗死的CT灌注实验研究

目的　探讨CT灌注扫描检测急性心肌梗死病灶的可靠性 ;定量研究急性梗死灶伽玛(γ)曲线的参数特征 ,以期指导临床对于冠心病及心肌梗死的分析、诊断。方法　使用ImatronC 15 0型电子束CT(EBCT) ,灌注扫描程序 ,扫描对比剂流动模型 ,观察拟合的曲线以及在不同灌注量中的变化 ;选取 6只健康家犬 ,麻醉后经开胸手术 ,结扎左冠状动脉前降支和旋支分支 ,使左心侧壁部分梗死。通过EBCT灌注扫描 ,观察正常和梗死区的形态及其灌注曲线变化 ,分析正常和梗死区的曲线特征和各参数 ,经统计学处理 ,提出其差异和鉴别点。有 2只同时经单光子发射体层计算机(SPECT)扫描 ,所有标本经氯化三苯基四氮唑 (TTC)染色处理 ,与扫描图像比较 ,并通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜检查证实。结果　不同灌注量的模型扫描曲线上升斜率不同 ;犬心肌的正常灌注曲线为一上升稍快 ,继之平缓下降的γ 曲线 :其上升时间约 10～ 13s,上升CT值约 34～ 37HU ,峰值CT值约 70～ 81HU。而梗死心肌的上升时间延长 ,平均 19 9s左右 ,上升CT值和峰值CT值降低 ,平均分别为 2 0 0和 5 3 8HU ,与正常心肌比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　正常与梗死心肌的灌注曲线有显著性差异 ,CT灌注扫描能够检测、发现心肌梗死病灶     

肝细胞肝癌双能CT与CT灌注成像的相关性

摘要目的采用既往CT灌注的时间-密度曲线制定双能CT对比增强扫描方案,前瞻性评价肝细胞肝癌(HCC)病人双能CT碘强化指标与CT灌注各参数间的相关性。材料与方法本研究经审查委员会和当地伦理委员会审批,所有病人签署书面知情同意书。其中回顾性研究分析了以往20例HCC病人CT灌注资料,以时间-密度曲线为基础,制定双     

肝细胞癌螺旋CT多期扫描边缘强化表现

目的分析肝细胞癌(HCC)螺旋CT多期扫描边缘强化的表现形式。资料与方法回顾性对照分析34例经手术病理证实有包膜的HCC在螺旋CT多期扫描边缘强化的表现特点，着重观察肿瘤包膜、包膜密度、包膜是否完整并与病理切片对照。结果34例中，动脉期未显示明确肿瘤包膜，门脉期和延迟期显示肿瘤包膜呈高密度影18例(52．9％)；动脉期肿瘤包膜呈低密度，门脉期和延迟期显示肿瘤包膜呈高密度9例(26．5％)；三期扫描均显示完整或不完整线状环形高密度影4例(11．8％)；动、门脉期未见显示包膜，延迟期显示包膜呈高密度影2例(5．9％)；三期扫描均未显示明确的肿瘤包膜1例(2．9％)。在多期扫描图像上，I-Ⅱ级高分化HCC包膜以完整环状强化为主；Ⅲ-Ⅳ级低分化HCC包膜以不完整环状强化为主。与病理结果作对照，不完整环状强化判断包膜不完整的符合率为92．9％。结论HCC螺旋CT多期扫描边缘强化的表现形式多样；依据CT边缘强化表现，可预测HCC的分化程度和预后。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.