无玻璃体眼经巩膜睫状沟后房型人工晶状体固定术

目的 探讨玻璃体切割术后无玻璃体眼经巩膜睫状沟后房型人工晶状体固定手术方法并评价其疗效。方法 对8例(8眼)玻璃体切割术后无玻璃体眼行经巩膜睫状沟后房型人工晶状体固定术(PC-IOL)。术后随访3～56个月。结果 术后裸眼视力均较术前提高，术后最佳矫正视力均达到或接近术前最佳矫正视力，其中≥0．5者1眼，≥1．O者3眼。术中低眼压2眼、眼球塌陷1眼，术后前房积血3眼，玻璃体积血3眼，人工晶状体脱位1眼，一过性高眼压3眼，黄斑囊样水肿3眼，视网膜脱离1眼。结论 经巩膜睫状沟PC-IOL固定术是无玻璃体并伴有眼前段结构紊乱眼恢复视力的补救手术。术中注意稳定眼压，可减少或避免术中、术后并发症。     

增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变多次手术临床分析

目的：探讨增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体切割术后多次手术的原因及处理。方法：回顾性分析3a来因增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变行玻璃体切割术后需要再次手术的患者。结果：患者189眼术后需要再次进行手术的为24例26眼（占总观察眼数13.8%）。分别是：玻璃体再积血3眼,前房积血1眼,视网膜脱离11眼（占总观察眼数5.8%,占再手术眼42.3%,其中3眼合并新生血管性青光眼）,白内障6眼（占总观察眼数3.2%）,单纯硅油取出5眼。189眼中有6眼发生了新生血管性青光眼（3.2%）,6眼均为玻璃体晶状体联合手术或玻璃体切割术后又摘除白内障病例。2次手术19眼,3次或以上手术7眼（其中5眼合并视网膜脱离）。结论：发生视网膜脱离是糖尿病视网膜病变玻璃体切割术后需要多次手术的主要原因;也占据需要3次或以上手术的主要部分。新生血管性青光眼的发生值得重视,出现视网膜脱离时要提高警惕,需要摘除晶状体时必须慎重。     

玻璃体手术治疗晶状体脱位疗效观察

目的分析晶状体脱位的手术时机和方法。方法56例（57只眼）晶状体脱位进行玻璃体晶状体切除术,均采用三通道睫状体平坦部入口。结果术后视力提高43只眼,视力不变8只眼,视力下降5只眼;手术并发症：前房及玻璃体积血4只眼,高眼压2只眼,视网膜脱离5只眼。结论玻璃体晶状体切除术是晶状体脱位有效可靠的治疗方法。     

晶状体切除联合巩膜缝线固定人工晶状体植入术治疗先天性晶状体半脱位的长期效果

目的：分析先天性晶状体半脱位患眼经晶状体切除+前段玻璃体切割+经巩膜缝线固定人工晶状体（IOL）植入术后长期治疗效果。方法：回顾性系列病例研究。观察2005年1月至2014年6月期间于复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院收治的先天性晶状体半脱位患者53例（77眼）,所有患眼均接受一期晶状体切除＋前段玻璃体切割＋经巩膜缝线固定IOL植入术。对术后最终随访时最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、眼压及术眼出现的主要并发症进行系统性的临床观察。数据采用配对t检验或独立样本t检验进行比较。结果：77 例接受一期晶状体切除＋前段玻璃体切割＋经巩膜缝线固定IOL植入术的先天性晶状体半脱位患眼,术后随访时间为（38±26）个月,最短12个月,最长130个月。术前BCVA（LogMAR）为0.84±0.55,术后为0.26±0.43,术后视力较术前明显改善（t=8.55,P < 0.001）。术中及术后早期并发症包括：1眼（1.3%）术中视网膜脱离,2眼（2.6%）术后早期前房积血,2眼（2.6%）术后早期切口玻璃体嵌顿。术后远期并发症包括：6 眼（7.8%）视网膜脱离,发生于术后（22±12）个月,1 眼（1％）IOL移位或脱位,发生于术后5 年。术后不良主诉包括：32 例（60.4%）术后随访时主诉干眼症状,6例（11.3%）主诉眩光现象。结论：晶状体切除前段玻璃体切割+经巩膜缝线固定IOL植入术可以显著提高先天性晶状体半脱位患者视力。远期随访中,视网膜脱离及IOL脱位是尤其需要警惕的术后并发症。     

眼挫伤所致晶状体脱位的手术治疗

目的 评价眼挫伤所致晶状体脱位的手术治疗的临床效果.方法 对我院2003年1月～2006年4月眼挫伤致晶状体脱位29例（29眼）的资料作回顾性研究,根据不同情况采用不同的手术方式,包括前房内晶状体的圈匙托出及前段玻璃体切除术;玻璃体内的晶状体切除术及玻璃体切除术;半脱位者行晶状体乳化或囊外摘出术,并均植入人工晶状体;伴青光眼或视网膜脱离者,同时行抗青光眼手术及视网膜复位手术.结果 手术效果良好,19例（65.52%）视力提高,术后并发症有玻璃体积血3例：玻璃体疝3例,反应性葡萄膜炎1例.结论 根据晶状体脱位的位置及前后段的情况合理选择手术方式,可取得良好的手术效果.     

外伤性白内障保留前囊的晶状体玻璃体切除术

目的：探讨眼外伤时晶状体玻璃体切除术中保留晶状体前囊的作用。方法：对27例（27眼）外伤性白内障合并玻璃体浑浊或积血及眼内异物者，行经平坦部保留晶状体前囊的晶状体玻璃体切除术，后房型人工晶状体睫状沟内固定I期植入13眼，Ⅱ期植入14眼；玻璃体腔内C3F8气体充填12眼，硅油充填2眼，观察手术疗效及并发症。结果：术后随访3－29月（平均8．4月），矫正视力＞0．3者23眼（85．2％），＞0．5者9眼（33．3％），1．0以上者2眼（7．4％），视网膜复位，术后并发症：前囊浑浊23眼（85．2％），脉络膜脱离2眼，视网膜脱离1眼。结论：眼外伤时保留晶状体前囊的晶状体玻璃体切除术，有利于后房型人工晶状体植入，手术中对眼前段组织损伤轻，并为眼外伤其它并发症治疗创造有利条件。     

人工晶状体取出的临床分析

目的分析人工晶状体取出的适应证、手术方法和手术并发症。方法对16例（17眼）人工晶状体取出进行回顾性总结。结果取出的原因是人工晶状体脱位、大泡性角膜病变、牵引性视网膜脱离、眼内容炎、青光眼。人工晶状体植入至取出的间隔时间为1天～13年。人工晶状取出联合玻璃体切除术8眼、玻璃体视网膜手术5眼、小梁切除术2眼、更换人工晶状体1眼。人工晶状体取出术后无严重并发症发生。结论人工晶状体植入术后，因严重并发症需行人工晶状体取出才能挽救视功能和保存眼球。     

改良四通路玻璃体切割在人工晶状体后脱位治疗中的应用

目的:报道改良四通路玻璃体切割术治疗1例后房型人工晶状体后脱位.方法:一位青年性白内障患者,双眼白内障术后均发生人工晶状体后脱位,其1眼应用改良四通路玻璃体切割技术将人工晶状体复位,另1眼应患者的要求而未行手术治疗.结果:术中和术后未发生任何并发症,患者术眼视力迅速回复,术后14 mo最佳矫正视力为0.5;而未行手术治疗的另1眼发生全视网膜脱离,仅残余手动视力.结论:改良四通路玻璃体切割术是治疗人工晶状体后脱位的一个好选择.     

外伤性晶状体脱位的联合手术治疗

目的：评价晶状体、玻璃体联合手术治疗外伤性晶状体脱位或半脱位的临床疗效。方法：对1993年10月－2000年5月连续收治的外伤性晶状体脱位或半脱位36例作回顾性研究。所有患眼根据病情均采用不同的术式去除脱位晶状体,包括角巩缘切口圈套娩出、睫状体扁平部切口行晶状体切除或超声晶状体粉碎,同时切割玻璃体,并应用小梁切除、阀门管植入术、玻璃体视网膜手术联合治疗因晶状体脱位引起的并发症,17例I期植入前房或后房型人工晶状体。结果：所有患眼成功的去除晶状体,91．7％患眼视力有不同程度提高,52．3％患眼视力≥0．3,继发青光眼患者术后眼压获得控制,6例视网膜脱离全部复位。结论：各种手术方法联合应用治疗外伤性晶状体脱位及其所致并发症,视力增进效果明显。阀门管植入术是治疗严重眼外伤顽固性青光眼的有效手术方法。     

晶状体超声乳化及玻璃体切除人工晶状体植入术

目的探讨玻璃体手术联合晶状体超声乳化人工晶状体植入术的临床效果。方法对白内障伴玻璃体积血67例（67眼）行晶状体超声乳化及闭合式玻璃体切除术，最后行人工晶状体植入，术后观察视力、术后并发症等。结果术后随访3．26月64眼视力改善，其中27眼最佳矫正视力为0．8以上，2眼视力无改善，1眼视力下降，术中无并发症发生。术后并发症有：前房炎症反应46眼，视网膜脱离1眼。结论三联手术方式是安全的，不仅可以增进视力，而且可以减少术后并发症的发生。     

人工晶状体取出术临床分析

目的 探讨人工晶状体取出的指征、时机、方法及预后。方法 本组7例均为单眼。7例中2例通过前路手术取出人工晶状体，5例通过玻璃体手术取出。结果 7例人工晶状体均一次手术完整取出，术前并发症得到控制，术后视力6例有明显提高，其中3例达0．3以上。结论 不恰当的人工晶状体植入是导致术后并发症最终必须取出入工晶状体的主要原因。正确及时取出人工晶状体仍有可能获得良好视力。玻璃体手术为脱位于玻璃体腔的人工晶状体取出提供了安全而有效的保障。     

Comparison of Artisan iris-claw intraocular lens implantation and posterior chamber intraocular lens sulcus fixation for aphakic eyes

AIM: To compare the efficacy and complications of Artisan iris-claw intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and posterior chamber IOL sulcus fixation for the treatment of aphakic eyes without capsular support after vitrectomy.METHODS:A prospective study of 45 cases was conducted. Forty-five eyes without sufficient lens capsule support following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined lens extraction were divided into two groups. Group A:25 eyes received Artisan iris-claw IOL implantation. Group B:20 eyes received posterior chamber IOL sulcus fixation. The corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) and intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal endothelial cell loss rate, surgical time and complications were compared between the two groups. Pigment changes of trabecular meshwork and anterior chamber depths were measured at each time point in Artisan group.RESULTS:The mean surgical time of Artisan group was significantly shorter (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference in endothelial cell loss rate was noted between two groups at any time point (P>0.05). CDVA of Artian group was better than that of the sulcus fixation group 1d after surgery (P<0.05) and there was no statistically significant difference 1 and 3mo after surgery (P>0.05). Mean IOP showed no significant differences between groups before and after surgery. The postoperative complications of Artisan group were anterior uveitis, iris depigmentation, pupillary distortion and spontaneous lens dislocation. The complications of sulcus fixation group include choroidal detachment, intraocular haemorrhage, tilt of IOL optic part and retinal detachment.CONCLUSION:Secondary Artisan IOL implantation can be performed less invasively and in a shorter surgical time period with earlier visual recovery after surgery compared to transscleral suturing fixation of an IOL. This technique is an effective and safe procedure. It is a promising option for the treatment of aphakic eyes without capsular support after vitrectomy.     

Traumatic pediatric cataract: A decade of follow-up after Artisan aphakia intraocular lens implantation

PURPOSE: To describe the long-term clinical outcome of Artisan((R)) aphakia intraocular lens (IOL; Ophtec, Groningen, The Netherlands) implantation in five aphakic eyes of five children, without capsular support, after cataract extraction following penetrating ocular trauma. METHODS: The charts of the five children were retrospectively reviewed. The data collected included follow-up time, nature of injury, age at cataract extraction and IOL implantation, visual outcome, endothelial cell counts, complications, and subsequent surgical interventions. RESULTS: Average follow-up was 11.0 years (range, 8.0-14.6 years). All eyes had a corneal perforation with various degrees of anterior segment injury. Mean patient age at lens extraction was 7.8 years (range, 5.6-10.2 years). Mean age at Artisan aphakia IOL implantation was 7.9 years (range, 5.7-10.2 years). The best spectacle-corrected visual acuity at last follow-up was 20/40 or better in four eyes. Mean endothelial cell loss compared with the healthy fellow eye was 40%. No patients experienced IOL dislocation, corneal decompensation, chronic anterior uveitis, cystoid macular edema, or iris atrophy. One eye had a retinal detachment 19 months after primary injury and needed vitreoretinal surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The Artisan aphakia IOL offers a useful alternative for correction of traumatic childhood aphakia. Although we only have results of a small number of patients, taking into account our long follow-up period, we feel that implantation of the Artisan aphakia IOL can be considered a treatment option in aphakic eyes of children that lack capsular support due to trauma.     

Pars plana vitrectomy, phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. Comparison of clinical complications in a combined versus two-step surgical approach

Purpose To report intra-and postoperative complications in pars plana vitrectomy, phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. A comparison of the combined versus two step surgical approach is given.Method Medical records and operative notes of 111 eyes with combined surgery and 50 eyes with sequential surgery were retrospectively analysed. Subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate differences in disease groups, the use of endotamponading or endolaser and cryocoagulation. Postoperative follow-up time was between 3 and 18 months.Results Combined surgery: 64 eyes (57.5%) showed no complications. 17 eyes (15.3%) showed transient intraocular pressure rise, 17 eyes (15.3%) fibrinous exudation in the anterior chamber. Posterior capsule tears occurred in 7 eyes (6,3%), formation of posterior synechia was observed in 7 eyes (6.3%). IOL dislocation was seen in 3 eyes (2.7%), heavy covering of macrophages in 3 eyes (2,7%). Rare complications included silicon oil efflux into the anterior chamber (1.8%), anterior chamber hemorrhage (1,8%) and iris incarceration into the corneoscleral incision (0,9%). One eye needed explantation of the IOL during the follow-up. Sequential surgery: 31 eyes (62%) showed no complication. Transient intraocular pressure rise occurred in 14 eyes (28%), fibrinous exudation in 2 eyes (4%). Formation of posterior synechia was observed in 1 eye (2%), posterior capsule tears occurred in 4 eyes (8%). Dislocation of the IOL was seen in 1 eye (2%). Subgroup analysis revealed fibrinous exudation in the anterior chamber to be significantly more frequent after combined surgery, particularly in cases of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.Conclusion Combined pars plana vitrectomy, phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation as well as the two-step procedure are safe and effective. Sequential surgery could be advantageous to minimize the postoperative anterior chamber inflammatory response.     

玻璃体手术后无晶状体眼的二期人工晶状体植入术

目的评价因复杂眼外伤或视网膜脱离行玻璃体手术和晶状体切除术后,二期手术植入人工晶状体(intraocular lens,IOL)的视力效果、手术技术及其安全性 。方法对在1996年11月至1999年12月之间在我院进行该手术的32例(32只眼,每例均为单眼)行回顾性分析。二期手术中应用经睫状体平部的眼内灌注,并根据晶状体囊膜完整性选择不同类型的IOL。结果本组包括复杂眼外伤30例(眼后节异物伤15例,穿通伤伴外伤性眼内炎及玻璃体积血各6例,钝挫伤伴晶状体脱位3例);原发性视网膜脱离2例。均接受过玻璃体切割、晶状体切割,或眼内异物取出、角膜缝合等。2次手术的间隔为1～16个月,平均(6.8±3.7)个月。在25例晶状体囊环完整或存留2/3以上的眼植入后房型IOL于睫状沟内;5例作了IOL的透巩膜缝线固定术;植入前房型或带虹膜IOL各1例。5例同期放出硅油。手术后29例视力提高。主要并发症为角膜水肿及低眼压。结论在玻璃体手术后的二期手术中,应用眼内灌注和适当的IOL植入,可使经选择的无晶状体眼安全获得较好的视力恢复。(中华眼底病杂志,2001,17:96-98)     

Spontaneous dislocation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC IOLs) in patients with retinitis pigmentosa – Case series

PurposeTo report the outcomes of intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation management in 6 cases with Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP).SettingPrivate practice, Los Angeles, USA.DesignRetrospective interventional case series.MethodsThe medical reports of six eyes of four RP patients with capsule bag fixated posterior chamber IOL dislocation were retrospectively reviewed. Pre-operative data included demographics, systemic or ocular disorders, history of trauma, previous intraocular surgery and pre-operative visual acuity. Outcome measures included the type of surgery, surgical complications, elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP), ocular inflammation, cystoid macular edema (CME) and IOL dislocation at 3 months or greater post-operatively.ResultsThe medical records of six eyes of four patients operated on between December 2009 and May 2011 were evaluated. In four cases, dislocated PC IOL implants were sutured to the sclera. In two eyes of one patient anterior chamber IOLs (AC IOLs) were implanted after PC IOLs were explanted. One eye developed CME during the follow-up period. Despite modest tilt in one case and modest decentration in another, stability and centration of the IOLs was excellent during the follow-up period. No eyes had intraocular inflammation requiring long term medical treatment, new onset glaucoma or retinal detachment. Mean follow-up time was 6.9 months (range 3-20).ConclusionsCataract surgeons should be aware of the increased risk for decentration and malposition of PC IOLs in patients with RP. Satisfactory results can be achieved by fixation of the PC IOL or AC IOL implantation.     

The long term clinical outcome of anterior chamber lenses after cataract surgery

PURPOSE: To analyse the functional results and postoperative complications of primary and secondary anterior chamber lenses implantation in a follow up of 10 years. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Sixty one patients (64 eyes), 29 females and 32 males, between 22 and 96 year of age (midding 64 years), who underwent cataract surgery with anterior lens implantation from 1990 to 2000 were analysed. It was performed with cataract removal in 51 eyes (after intracapsular extraction in 18 eyes and 33 eyes with intraoperative complications making impossible to apply the posterior chamber intraocular lens). The secondary implantation was complied in 13 aphakic eyes from 1 to 13 years after cataract removal. Thirty nine patients were subjected to the control examination on October of 2000 year. The visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior and posterior part of the eye were examined. RESULTS: The satisfactory visual function and intraocular pressure were confirmed in most of the patients. The reasons of lower visual acuity were: the retinal detachment (2 eyes), bullous keratopathy (2 eyes after vitreous loss), age related macular degeneration (1 eye), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (2 eyes). In the anterior part of the eye in 21 eyes (54%) we observed deformation of the pupil's shape, only. CONCLUSIONS: The anterior chamber lens implantation is an efficacious method of aphakia treatment in some patients. The older patients demonstrated good functional results and tolerance of anterior chamber lens, especially after the cataract removal by krioextraction. The good tolerance and visual acuity were observed either in cases of primary or secondary implantation. In the case of capsular rupture and vitreous loss before AC IOL implantation, a complete (full) vitrectomy should be performed.     

复合式小梁切除术治疗人工晶状体植入术后继发青光眼的临床观察

目的 探讨复合式小梁切除术治疗经透明角膜切口人工晶状体植入术后继发青光眼的疗效及意义.方法 31例(32只眼)经透明角膜切口人工晶状体植入术后继发青光眼行常规复合式小梁切除术.术后观察视力、眼压、滤过泡、浅前房及其它并发症.结果 手术12月后:视力增进2/32只眼(6.2%),不变28/32只眼(87.6%),下降2/32只眼(6.2%).功能性滤过泡24/32只眼(75.0%).眼压≤21mmHg(1kPa=7.5mmHg)者26/32只眼(81.2%),术后早期并发症有浅前房5只眼(15.5%),前房出血3只眼(9.3%)低眼压性黄斑病变2只眼(6.2%),脉络膜脱离1只眼(3.1%).结论 复合式小梁切除术是治疗经透明角膜切口人工晶状体植人术后继发青光眼的有效方法,此类青光眼不应归属于难治性青光眼.     

Late dislocation of an anterior chamber intraocular lens into the vitreous

We report the case of a patient with dislocation of an anterior chamber intraocular lens (AC IOL) into the vitreous, 5 years after surgery. The cause of the dislocation may have been the size of the pupil and habitual eye rubbing. This case report describes a rare complication of AC IOL implantation in eyes of previous iris lesions or pupil abnormalities. This complication should be kept in mind when an AC IOL implantation is planned for the correction of aphakia.