槐胺碱的抗实验性心律失常作用

槐胺碱(20mg/kg)静脉注射可拮抗乌头碱(20μg/kg)、BaCl_2(4mg/kg)在大鼠所诱发的心律失常(P<0.05),拮抗氯仿-肾上腺素所致的兔心律失常。在豚鼠槐胺碱增加哇巴因诱发室早,室速、室颤及心跳停止所需要的用量。此药在10～20mg/kg腹腔注射还可减少氯仿所致的大鼠室颤,和乙酰胆碱-CaCl_2研致的房颤(扑),槐胺碱显著降低大鼠的心率并拮抗异丙肾上腺素的正性变速作用。     

双黄连粉针剂抗乌头碱诱发大鼠心律失常的研究

目的观察双黄连粉针剂对抗乌头碱诱发大鼠心律失常的作用。方法静脉注射乌头碱复制大鼠心律失常的动物模型,观察静脉注射双黄连粉针剂抗心律失常作用。结果双黄连粉针剂高、低剂量组、利多卡因组与模型组比较具有对抗乌头碱诱发大鼠心律失常,降低大鼠的死亡率,降低大鼠的心律失常评分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论双黄连粉针剂具有抗乌头碱诱发大鼠心律失常的作用。     

苦参碱滴丸抗心律失常作用的实验研究

目的探讨苦参碱滴丸是否具有与片剂心律宁相同的抗心律失常作用。方法将大鼠随机分为 4组 :对照组 ,苦参碱滴丸 9粒 /kg组 ,苦参碱滴丸 18粒 /kg组 (苦参碱含量 10mg/粒 ) ,心律宁 5片 /kg组 (苦参碱含量10 0mg/片 )。给大鼠一次灌胃给药后 4 0min ,腹腔注射乌拉坦 1g/kg麻醉动物 ,连续观察Ⅱ导联心电图 ,由股静脉以 1.2 5 μg/min恒速输入乌头碱生理盐水 ,分别记录每只大鼠心律失常出现时间和诱发室性期前收缩、室性心动过速、心室颤动和心脏停搏的乌头碱用量。结果苦参碱滴丸 2个剂量组和心律宁片组与对照组比较 ,大鼠心律失常出现时间明显延长 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1) ,诱发大鼠心律失常的乌头碱用量明显增加 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论苦参碱滴丸对乌头碱诱发大鼠心律失常有明显预防作用 ,且较片剂用量小 ,起效快。     

安神定志汤对实验性大鼠心律失常的作用

目的:观察安神定志汤对乌头碱、氯化钡和肾上腺素诱导的实验性心律失常的对抗作用以及对血清Ca~(2+)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)水平的影响。方法:70只SD大鼠随机分为乌头碱诱发心律失常模型组、乌头碱诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组,氯化钡诱发心律失常模型组、氯化钡诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组,肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型组、肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组及正常对照组,每组10只。除正常对照组外,其余各组大鼠分别采用舌下静脉注射乌头碱、氯化钡和肾上腺素构建大鼠心律失常的3种动物模型,治疗组灌胃给予安神定志汤,以BL-420生物机能实验系统记录分析心电图曲线,并取血检测大鼠血清Ca~(2+)、LDH水平。结果:与乌头碱诱发心律失常模型组比较,乌头碱诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组大鼠相应体质量累积乌头碱用量显著降低(P<0.05);与氯化钡诱发心律失常模型组比较,氯化钡诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组大鼠心律失常发生时间显著推迟(P<0.05),心律失常的持续时间也显著缩短(P<0.05);与肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型组比较,肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组心律失常发生时间显著推迟(P<0.05),心律失常的持续时间也显著缩短(P<0.05)。与正常对照组比较,乌头碱诱发心律失常模型组、氯化钡诱发心律失常模型组和肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型组大鼠血清中Ca~(2+)、LDH水平明显升高(P<0.01)。而乌头碱诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组、氯化钡诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组和肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组大鼠分别与相应模型组比较,血清中Ca~(2+)、LDH水平明显降低(P<0.01)。结论:安神定志汤可以通过降低血清Ca~(2+)、LDH水平来发挥对乌头碱、氯化钡和肾上腺素诱导的实验性心律失常的对抗作用。     

安神定志汤对实验性大鼠心律失常的作用

目的:观察安神定志汤对乌头碱、氯化钡和肾上腺素诱导的实验性心律失常的对抗作用以及对血清Ca~(2+)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)水平的影响。方法:70只SD大鼠随机分为乌头碱诱发心律失常模型组、乌头碱诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组,氯化钡诱发心律失常模型组、氯化钡诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组,肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型组、肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组及正常对照组,每组10只。除正常对照组外,其余各组大鼠分别采用舌下静脉注射乌头碱、氯化钡和肾上腺素构建大鼠心律失常的3种动物模型,治疗组灌胃给予安神定志汤,以BL-420生物机能实验系统记录分析心电图曲线,并取血检测大鼠血清Ca~(2+)、LDH水平。结果:与乌头碱诱发心律失常模型组比较,乌头碱诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组大鼠相应体质量累积乌头碱用量显著降低(P0.05);与氯化钡诱发心律失常模型组比较,氯化钡诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组大鼠心律失常发生时间显著推迟(P0.05),心律失常的持续时间也显著缩短(P0.05);与肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型组比较,肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组心律失常发生时间显著推迟(P0.05),心律失常的持续时间也显著缩短(P0.05)。与正常对照组比较,乌头碱诱发心律失常模型组、氯化钡诱发心律失常模型组和肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型组大鼠血清中Ca~(2+)、LDH水平明显升高(P0.01)。而乌头碱诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组、氯化钡诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组和肾上腺素诱发心律失常模型并安神定志汤治疗组大鼠分别与相应模型组比较,血清中Ca~(2+)、LDH水平明显降低(P0.01)。结论:安神定志汤可以通过降低血清Ca~(2+)、LDH水平来发挥对乌头碱、氯化钡和肾上腺素诱导的实验性心律失常的对抗作用。     

槲皮素抗实验性心律失常作用的研究

目的 观察槲皮素抗实验性心律失常的作用,并探讨其可能机制.方法 应用乌头碱,氯化钙制备大鼠心律失常模型,哇巴因制备豚鼠心律失常模型,观察槲皮素不同剂量对上述模型的保护作用.结果 槲皮素(0.2mg/kg,0.4mg/kg)能提高乌头碱致大鼠和哇巴因致豚鼠发生室性早搏(VE)、室性心动过速(VT)、室颤(VF)的用量;延长氯化钙诱发大鼠心律失常出现的时间,缩短心律失常持续时间,减少心律失常发生率及死亡率.结论 槲皮素具有抗多种实验性心律失常的作用.     

乌头碱诱发心律失常后心脏M3受体含量的变化

目的检测乌头碱诱发心律失常后心肌M3受体mRNA表达量的变化。方法静脉注射乌头碱(12.5μg/kg)制备大鼠心律失常模型,RT-PCR法检测心肌中M3受体mRNA表达。结果与正常对照组比较,模型组心肌M3受体mRNA的表达增加,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乌头碱诱发心律失常后心肌M3受体mRNA的表达增强。     

染料木素抗乌头碱诱发大鼠心律失常作用的实验研究

目的:观察染料木素对抗乌头碱诱发大鼠心律失常的作用.方法:静脉注射乌头碱制作大鼠心律失常的动物模型,观察染料木素抗心律失常作用;运用病理组织切片观察染料木素对乌头碱诱导的心肌细胞损伤的影响.结果:染料木素高、低剂量组与模型组比较均有显著对抗乌头碱诱发大鼠心律失常;显著降低大鼠的心律失常评分.病理组织学形态观察结果显示,染料木素能够显著减轻乌头碱诱导的心肌细胞损伤.结论:染料木素具有良好的抗乌头碱诱发大鼠心律失常的作用.     

氧化苦参碱对正常及乌头碱诱发心律失常大鼠动作电位的影响

目的：观察氧化苦参碱(OMT)对正常及乌头碱诱发大鼠心律失常模型动作电位(AP)的影响。 方法：采用悬浮微电极技术记录大鼠在体心室肌细胞的动作电位。 结果：给予3、15和30 mg•kg^-1的OMT能剂量依赖性地延缓乌头碱所致大鼠心律失常的发生,静脉给予30 mg•kg^-1的OMT能减小AP的幅值,缩短APD₅₀和APD₉₀,降低V_max。 结论：OMT对心肌细胞AP的影响可能为其抗心律失常作用机制之一。     

槐定碱抗实验性心律失常作用

静脉注射槐定碱10mg/kg,可明显提高豚鼠对哇巴因中毒的耐受量;降低氯化钙引起的大鼠心室纤颤和死亡率;对抗氯仿-肾上腺素引起的兔心律失常及乌头碱诱发的大鼠心律失常。腹腔注射槐定碱10mg/kg,也能降低氯仿诱发的小鼠室颤率。槐定碱可使整体动物心率减慢;且可增强离体豚鼠乳头肌的收缩力,降低其兴奋性,延长不应期;并明显降低异丙肾上腺素诱发心肌的自律性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.