共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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目的:探讨盐酸曲唑酮治疗曲马朵滥用伴情绪障碍者的疗效及不良反应。方法:对82例符合《中国精神疾病分类方案与诊断标准》第三版(CCMD-3)诊断为曲马朵滥用伴情绪障碍的患者,随机分为两组:试验组42例,对照组40例。试验组用盐酸曲唑酮片(最大剂量≤400mg.d-1),对照组用氯硝西泮片(最大剂量≤4mg.d-1)治疗21d。采用《汉密顿焦虑量表》(HAMA)、《汉密顿抑郁量表》(HAMD)、《大体功能评定量表》(GAS)和《副反应量表》(TESS)评定患者的焦虑抑郁情绪、疗效和不良反应。结果:试验组总有效率为88.1%,对照组为42.5%。两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。两组副反应发生率差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:盐酸曲唑酮能有效改善曲马朵滥用者伴有的焦虑抑郁情绪,疗效显著,不良反应轻微,安全性好。 相似文献
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米非司酮(Mifepristone,MIF)是一种合成类固醇激素,常用于临床上终止妊娠。MIF分子结构与孕激素相似,但与孕激素受体(PR)亲和力更强,与PR结合后可使PR构象发生改变,导致PR与热休克蛋白结合能力增强并覆盖于PR结构上与DNA结合的区域,影响PR与DNA上孕激素效应因子结合,进而导致其转录活性降低,从而对孕激素起到竞争性抑制作用。同时,MIF作为孕酮受体拮抗剂,可通过多种途径抑制子宫肌瘤的生长,被临床上广泛用于治疗子宫肌瘤。本文对近年来关于MIF治疗子宫肌瘤药理学机制及临床应用文献进行综述,以期为MIF临床应用提供参考。 相似文献
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川芎嗪对心血管保护的药理学作用和临床应用进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的川芎嗪可以抑制钙的跨膜内流,防止钙超载所致水解酶的激活及超氧阴离子的生成,稳定心肌细胞膜,从而稳定心肌电生理特性。方法川芎嗪具有扩张冠状动脉、抗凝、抗血小板聚集、抗心肌缺血再灌注损伤、降低血压、降低肺动脉高压、抑制平滑肌细胞和成纤维细胞增殖以及抗实验性心律失常等多种心血管药理作用。结果川芎嗪的药理作用非常明显。结论川芎嗪有七大药理作用。 相似文献
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羟基积雪草苷是伞形科植物积雪草的有效组分之一。研究表明,羟基积雪草苷的药理学作用非常广泛,它在临床上被用于烧伤性瘢痕、皮肤增白、抗炎抗氧化、抗抑郁症、抗肿瘤,防治冠心病、心肌梗死、脑血栓、脑梗死,增强记忆等。本文通过检索近几年国内外相关文献,对其药理学作用及机制的最新研究进展进行综述,以期为羟基积雪草苷的临床应用与开发提供参考。 相似文献
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肾上腺皮质癌(adrenocortical carcinoma,ACC)是一种预后不良的罕见疾病。目前,手术为首选治疗。但对于无法手术切除、发生转移及术后有残留病灶的患者,药物治疗和放疗可作为辅助治疗。米托坦可通过抑制线粒体呼吸、引起线粒体相关膜功能障碍及内质网应激等途径抑制ACC细胞的增殖,通过抑制多种类固醇激素合成酶的功能和表达而抑制ACC细胞的分泌功能,为多个指南和共识所推荐的首选辅助治疗药物。对于晚期ACC患者,米托坦还可联合使用依托泊苷、多柔比星和顺铂等治疗方案。使用米托坦期间需要维持血药浓度在14~20 mg·L~(-1)之间,监测相关的不良反应,警惕与其他药物的相互作用。 相似文献
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全身麻醉药主要通过正向调控中枢γ-氨基丁酸A型受体使意识可逆性消失,是外科手术中达到理想全身麻醉状态的必须药物.随着全身麻醉药临床应用经验的积累以及新研究技术、方法的发展,其具有的一些潜在临床应用方向和线索被发现,如器官保护作用、抗肿瘤作用、抗精神病作用和抗癫痫作用.不同的全身麻醉药在药效作用和临床应用方向上存在差异,... 相似文献
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The purpose of the study was to assess the abuse potential of the opioid analgesic tramadol. Tramadol (75, 150 and 300 mg), morphine (15 and 30 mg) and placebo were tested intramuscularly in volunteer non-dependent opiate abusers. Subjective, behavioral and miotic changes were assessed prior to dosing and intermittently for 12 h after drug administration. Morphine produced typical subjective effects, opiate identifications and miosis. Tramadol 75 and 150 mg were not different from placebo. Although tramadol 300 mg was identified as an opiate, it produced no other morphine-like effects. These findings suggest that tramadol has a low abuse potential by the parenteral route. 相似文献
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《Expert opinion on investigational drugs》2013,22(10):1831-1845
Migraine is a paroxysmal disorder with attacks of headache, nausea, vomiting, photo- and phonophobia and malaise. This review summarises new treatment options both for the therapy of the acute attack as well as for migraine prophylaxis. Analgesics like aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are effective in treating migraine attacks. Few controlled trials were performed for the use of ergotamine or dihydroergotamine. These trials indicate inferior efficacy compared with serotonin (5-HT1B/D) agonists (triptans). The triptans (almotriptan, eletriptan, frovatriptan, naratriptan, rizatriptan, sumatriptan and zolmitriptan), are highly effective. They improve headache as well as nausea, photo- and phonophobia. The different triptans show only minor differences in efficacy, headache recurrence and adverse effects. The knowledge of their different pharmacological profile allows a more specific treatment of the individual migraine characteristics. Migraine prophylaxis is recommended, when more than three attacks occur per month, if attacks do not respond to acute treatment or if side effects of acute treatment are severe. Substances with proven efficacy include the beta-blockers metoprolol and propranolol, the calcium channel blocker flunarizine, several 5-HT antagonists and amitriptyline. Recently anti-epileptic drugs (valproic acid, gabapentin, topiramate) were evaluated for the prophylaxis of migraine. The use of botulinum toxin is under investigation. 相似文献
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鹿茸的化学、药理及临床研究进展 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
鹿茸是梅花鹿(Cervus nippon Temminck或马鹿(C.elaphus L.)的未骨化幼角。《神农本草经》记载鹿茸“味甘,性温,主漏下恶血,寒热驚(?),益气强志,生齿不老”。主要用于治疗虚劳赢瘦,神经倦乏,眩晕、耳聋、目暗,腰膝酸痛,阳痿滑精,子宫虚冷,崩漏带下等症,在中医临床占有重要地位。在苏联、朝鲜、日本和东南亚民间医学中也广泛应 相似文献