抑郁障碍患者治疗前后执行功能与临床症状变化相关性研究

目的:探讨抑郁障碍患者治疗前后执行功能与临床症状变化之间的关系.方法:30名抑郁症患者(抑郁组)于治疗前和治疗8周末进行威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)、Stroop色词测验、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评定,同时设正常对照组30例.结果:(1)抑郁组治疗后WCST测查评分较治疗前有显著改善(P＜0.01).Stroop测查治疗后有改善,前后比较无统计学意义P＞0.05.(2)抑郁障碍患者治疗前后WCST测验正确数、完成分类数减分与HAMA精神性焦虑因子减分呈中等负相关(r=-0.571、-0.637,P＜0.05);WCST错误数、持续性错误数减分与HAMA精神性焦虑因子减分呈中等正相关(r=0.558、0.621,P＜0.05),Stroop测验与HAMD-17、HAMA及其因子无明显相关.结论:抑郁障碍患者执行功能改善与焦虑症状改善之间有相关性.     

焦虑和抑郁障碍共病患者功能失调性认知的对照研究

目的从认知心理学角度来探讨焦虑症、抑郁症和焦虑抑郁障碍共病有无差异.方法使用功能失调性状况评定量表(DAS)、汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)及汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)对35例抑郁症、30例焦虑症及30例焦虑抑郁障碍共病患者于治疗前后(6～8周)进行评定,并与30名正常人进行对照.结果 (1)治疗前后患者组DAS总分及各因子分均高于对照组;(2)焦虑抑郁障碍共病组治疗前后的DAS总分值及大多数因子分明显高于焦虑症组及抑郁症组(P＜0.05),而后两组问差异无显著性(P＞0.05);(3)患者组治疗前后的DAS减分值与各自相应的HAMD和/或HAMA减分值均无相关性.结论 焦虑症、抑郁症及焦虑抑郁共病患者均存在明显的功能失调性认知,后者较前两者严重(P＜0.05).     

老年抑郁症患者血清细胞因子水平的研究

目的检测老年抑郁症患者与健康人群血清细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α水平,探讨细胞因子在抑郁发病中的作用。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测30例首发老年抑郁症患者（抑郁症组）和30例健康老年人（对照组）的血清IL-6、TNF-α的水平并比较,并结合汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）总分及各因子分进行相关分析。结果抑郁症组血清IL-6、TNF-α水平显著高于正常对照组（P〈0.05）。IL-6、TNF-α与HAMD、HAMA量表总分呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）。结论血清IL-6、TNF-α水平升高可能是老年抑郁症的免疫学标志之一。     

小剂量帕利哌酮联合度洛西汀治疗躯体形式障碍的效果观察

目的观察小剂量帕利哌酮联合度洛西汀治疗躯体形式障碍的疗效。方法40例躯体形式障碍患者按抽签法随机分为两组,分别予小剂量帕利哌酮缓释片+盐酸度洛西汀肠溶胶囊治疗20例（观察组）,仅盐酸度洛西汀肠溶胶囊治疗20例（对照组）,疗程均为8周。治疗前后使用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、症状自评量表（SCL-90）评定临床疗效,副反应量表（TESS）评定药物不良反应。结果经8周治疗,两组患者HAMD、HAMA及SCL-90的躯体化、抑郁因子、焦虑因子评分均明显下降（均P＜0.05）,其中观察组在治疗2、4、8周末的HAMD、HAMA及SCL-90的躯体化、抑郁因子、焦虑因子评分均低于对照组（均P＜0.05）;观察组临床治愈率及有效率均明显高于对照组（均P＜0.05）。两组治疗8周末TESS评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。两组患者常见的不良反应有恶心、胃部不适、心动过速等,多发生在疗程的前2周;两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。两组患者实验室检查均未见明显异常。结论小剂量帕利哌酮联合度洛西汀治疗躯体化障碍具有增效作用,对躯体疼痛患者的疗效更佳,且不增加药物不良反应。     

血清炎症细胞因子水平与抗抑郁疗效的关系

目的探讨血清炎症细胞因子水平与抗抑郁疗效的关系。方法对91例抑郁症患者进行选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRI）单药治疗4周,采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD-17）评估抗抑郁疗效,ELISA法检测治疗前后血清IL-6、TNF-α水平,并分析其与HAMD-17评分的关系。结果抗抑郁治疗4周时,显效70例,非显效（好转+无效）21例。显效组与非显效组治疗前血清IL-6、TNF-α水平及HAMD-17评分比较,差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）;治疗后显效组上述指标均低于非显效组（均P＜0.05）。显效组血清IL-6减分率、TNF-α减分率与HAMD-17减分率均呈正相关（r=0.461、0.397,均P＜0.05）;非显效组血清IL-6减分率、TNF-α减分率与HAMD-17减分率均无关（均P＞0.05）。血清TNF-α减分率对HAMD-17减分率有正向预测作用。结论抑郁症患者经SSRI类药物治疗4周,其血清炎症细胞因子水平及HAMD-17评分均明显下降,且血清炎症细胞因子水平与抑郁症状的改善有关;血清TNF-α水平的有效降低预示抗抑郁疗效较好。     

焦虑和抑郁障碍共病患者功能失调性认知的对照研究

目的　从认知心理学角度来探讨焦虑症、抑郁症和焦虑抑郁障碍共病有无差异。方法　使用功能失调性状况评定量表(DAS)、汉密顿抑郁量表 (HAMD)及汉密顿焦虑量表 (HAMA)对 3 5例抑郁症、3 0例焦虑症及 3 0例焦虑抑郁障碍共病患者于治疗前后 ( 6～ 8周 )进行评定 ,并与 3 0名正常人进行对照。结果　 ( 1)治疗前后患者组DAS总分及各因子分均高于对照组 ;( 2 )焦虑抑郁障碍共病组治疗前后的DAS总分值及大多数因子分明显高于焦虑症组及抑郁症组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而后两组间差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;( 3 )患者组治疗前后的DAS减分值与各自相应的HAMD和 /或HAMA减分值均无相关性。结论　焦虑症、抑郁症及焦虑抑郁共病患者均存在明显的功能失调性认知 ,后者较前两者严重 (P <0 .0 5 )。     

舍曲林联合穴位刺激调控法治疗老年强迫症的疗效分析

目的探讨舍曲林联合穴位刺激调控法治疗老年强迫症的疗效。方法将71例老年强迫症患者按随机数字表法分为两组,观察组（舍曲林联合穴位刺激调控法治疗）35例,对照组（单用舍曲林治疗）36例,共治疗12周。采用Yale-Brown强迫症量表（Y-BOCS）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、生活质量综合评定问卷（GQOLI-74）评价疗效及生活质量,并观察不良反应。结果治疗12周末,观察组总有效率（91.4%）高于对照组（72.2%）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组患者Y-BOCS评分随观测时间推移而降低（均P＜0.05）;观察组治疗后各时点Y-BOCS评分均低于对照组（均P＜0.05）。治疗12周末,两组患者HAMA及HAMD评分均较治疗前明显降低（均P＜0.05）,GQOLI-74各因子评分及总分均较治疗前明显升高（均P＜0.05）;观察组HAMA及HAMD评分均低于对照组（均P＜0.05）,GQOLI-74各因子评分及总分均高于对照组（均P＜0.05）。两组患者均无血常规、肝肾功能、尿常规等异常,未出现体重明显改变。两组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论与单用舍曲林比较,舍曲林联合穴位刺激调控法治疗老年强迫症的疗效更佳,能有效改善患者焦虑及抑郁情绪,提高患者生活质量。     

平衡模式心理干预在芦山地震伤员早期心理干预中的应用研究

目的 探讨平衡模式心理干预对灾害事件中受伤人员的早期心理干预效果。 方法 采用平衡模式心理干预对芦山地震受伤人员进行早期心理干预,干预前后分别运用一般健康问卷（GHQ-12）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）和汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）进行评估。 结果 平衡模式心理干预后伤员的GHQ量表由(3.488±2.900)分减至（1.610±0.840）分,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001）;HAMA量表躯体焦虑因子分、精神焦虑因子分和总分均较干预前显著下降,差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.001）,HAMD阻滞因子分、躯体化和睡眠障碍因子分及总分在干预后均较干预前下降（P均＜0.05）。 结论 平衡模式心理干预对灾害事件中的受伤人员的早期心理干预有积极的作用,值得推广。     

度洛西汀治疗老年期抑郁障碍患者的对照研究

目的：比较度洛西汀与舍曲林治疗老年期抑郁障碍的疗效.方法：将60例老年期抑郁障碍患者随机分为两组,分别采用度洛西汀和舍曲林治疗8周,采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表 （MAMD）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表 （HAMA）评定疗效及药物副反应量表（ TESS） 评定药物不良反应.结果：治疗后两组 HAMD、HAMA量表总分与治疗前比较,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.度洛西汀组在第 1、2周末的有效率及 HAMD、HAMA减分幅度明显高于舍曲林组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.两组不良反应比较差异无统计学意义.结论：度洛西汀治疗老年期抑郁症患者是安全、有效的,起效更早,有利于患者康复.     

催眠疗法对焦虑症患者防御方式的影响研究

目的 探讨催眠疗法对焦虑症患者应对方式及防御方式的影响.方法 研究对象为门诊治疗的焦虑症患者,共138例患者入组,对照组和研究组按照随机顺序分别入组.对照组采用焦虑症常规治疗,研究组采用催眠疗法.采用防御方式问卷（DSQ）、简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）、汉密顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、汉密顿抑郁量表（HAMD）,对焦虑症患者的防御方式变化和症状改变进行评估.结果 研究组治疗前后消极应对分、不成熟因子分有差异,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;治疗后消极应对分、不成熟因子有差异,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;对照组和研究组治疗前后HAMD、HAMA评分均有差异,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;HAMA分与不成熟因子分成正相关（r=0.41,P＜0.05）.结论 催眠疗法可以改善焦虑症患者应对方式及防御方式。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.