多模态X线影像组学模型对乳腺BI-RADS4类肿块良恶性的辅助诊断价值

目的 探讨多模态X线影像组学模型在鉴别乳腺BI-RADS 4类肿块型病变良恶性方面的价值.方法 回顾性分析山东省千佛山医院2017年8月至2020年4月,经全屏数字化乳腺X线摄影(FFDM)和数字乳腺断层合成摄影(DBT)检查诊断为BI-RADS 4类乳腺病变并经病理证实的120例女性患者(4A 41例,良性34例、恶...     

超声弹性成像联合乳腺X线摄影对BI-RADS 3～4类乳腺肿块诊断价值

目的 探讨超声弹性成像（UE）联合乳腺X线摄影对BI-RADS 3～4类乳腺肿块的定性诊断价值。方法 选取我院收治的BI-RADS 3～4类乳腺肿块患者80例（105枚病灶）的UE及乳腺X线摄影检查资料,绘制ROC曲线并分析两种方法联合检测对BI-RADS 3～4类乳腺肿块临床效果。结果 经术后病理证实80例患者（105枚病灶）病灶中良性73枚,恶性32枚。常规超声结果显示：105枚乳腺病灶中,3类病灶38枚,4A类病灶20枚,4B类病灶25枚,4C类病灶22枚。UE评分<4分的共66枚,诊断为良性病灶。UE评分≥4分的共39枚,诊断为恶性病灶。乳腺X线摄影诊断为良性病灶70枚,恶性病灶35枚,以病理诊断结果为金标准,两者诊断敏感性、特异性及准确率分别为：78.1%、80.8%、80.0%和68.8%、82.2%、78.1%。UE的ROC曲线下面积为0.801(95%CI:0.705～0.897),P=0.000。乳腺X线摄影ROC曲线下面积为0.782(95%CI:0.688～0.876),P=0.000。UE联合乳腺X线摄影后,重新调整BI-RADS分类,得出最佳诊断截点为4...     

乳腺良恶性肿块的钼靶X线误诊分析

目的:总结乳腺癌的X线征象,分析误诊原因,提高对乳腺良恶性病变X线征象的认识。方法:搜集以乳腺肿块就诊的乳腺疾病患者300例,从中选出术后病理诊断为乳腺癌的病例28例,良性病变6例;误诊病例6例。误诊病例中4例病理报告为良性而X线诊断为恶性肿瘤,包括纤维瘤2例,浆细胞性乳腺炎1例,特发性肉芽肿性炎1例;2例病理报告为乳腺癌而术前误诊为良性病变。分析乳腺癌及误诊病例的X线表现,总结误诊原因。结果:乳腺癌高发年龄段为41～50岁,多位于外上象限,大多数可见肿块影,边界模糊,有沿导管分布的泥沙样、断针样钙化,病侧血管增粗;4例误诊的良性病例因具有部分恶性病变特征而误诊,回顾分析时可见它们与恶性肿瘤的不同之处在于无明显肿块影,钙化点较粗大且分布不规则;2例因肿块边界清晰而误诊为良性病变,回顾分析时见其部分边界不清,且伴病侧血管及Cooper韧带增粗等恶性征象。结论:仔细分析钼靶X线病变特征并结合临床资料可提高乳腺良恶性肿块的诊断诊断符合率。     

男性乳腺肿块的乳腺X线分析及其临床意义

目的:研究引起男性乳腺肿块常见疾病的X线表现特点及诊断,以提高对其认识.方法:收集因乳腺肿块进行乳腺X线检查的男性49例,回顾性分析上述患者的乳腺X线表现及临床特点,归纳可引起男性乳腺肿块的常见疾病种类.结果:49例男性患者,经乳腺X线检查诊断为男性乳腺发育症45例,其中结节型31例(68.9％),树枝型6例(13.3％),弥漫型8例(17.8％).另外4例经X线检查发现乳腺肿块归为BI-RADS 4类,最终手术病理证实为浸润性乳腺癌1例,转移性腺癌1例,囊内乳头状癌1例,脂肪坏死1例.结论:男性乳腺发育症和男性乳腺癌是引起男性乳腺肿块的常见病因,前者一般通过典型X线表现就可做出正确诊断,男性乳腺癌、脂肪坏死等少见疾病的确诊仍有赖于最终病理诊断.     

对比增强能谱X线摄影增强参数对乳腺病变的诊断效能研究

【摘要】目的：比较常规乳腺BI-RADS分类与对比增强能谱X线摄影（CESM） BI-RADS再分类对乳腺病变及不同病理类型病变的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析201例乳腺病变患者的病理及CESM图像。采用卡方检验分析强化程度及曲线对乳腺癌的诊断价值。采用卡方检验和Kappa值分析常规乳腺BI-RADS分类与CESM BI-RADS再分类对乳腺癌的诊断效能及一致性。比较乳腺BI-RADS分类与CESM BI-RADS再分类对乳腺各病理类型的诊断敏感度。结果：71.68%的乳腺癌呈明显强化,80.68%的良性病变中无强化或弱强化（P<0.001）。乳腺良、恶性病变中Ⅰ型分别占63.64%和6.19%,Ⅱ型为26.14%和17.70%,Ⅲ型为10.23%和76.11%（P<0.001）。CESM BI-RADS再分类对乳腺癌诊断效能优于乳腺BI-RADS分类（P<0.001）,敏感度依次为94.69%、78.76%,特异度为89.77%、53.41%,符合率为92.54%、67.66%。浸润性乳腺导管癌、乳腺腺病、乳腺纤维腺瘤及乳腺导管内乳头状瘤亚组中,CESM BI-RADS再分类的诊断敏感度高于乳腺BI-RADS分类（97.80% vs. 83.52%,P=0.001;81.82% vs. 50.00%,P=0.016;93.33% vs. 60.00%,P<0.001;85.71% vs. 35.71%,P=0.016）。结论：CESM BI-RADS再分类综合乳腺病变形态学及功能学特征,明显提高钼靶对乳腺病变的诊断效能,对浸润性乳腺导管癌、乳腺腺病、乳腺纤维腺瘤及乳腺导管内乳头状瘤的诊断更有优势。     

彩色多普勒血流显像与超声弹性成像联合诊断BI-RADS4类乳腺病变

目的 探讨彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)与超声弹性成像(UE)联合诊断乳腺影像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)4类乳腺病变的价值.资料与方法 132例BIRADS4类乳腺病变,根据病变血流Adler半定量分级及弹性评分对BI-RADS分类进行调整,绘制ROC曲线,比较BI-RADS分类及校正BI-RADS分类.结果 132例病灶中,良性病灶75个,恶性病灶57个.CDFI诊断乳腺癌的敏感度为87.72％,特异度为48.00％,准确度为65.15％;UE诊断乳腺癌的敏感度为87.72％,特异度为61.33％,准确度为72.73％.校正BI-RADS分类诊断4类乳腺病变的ROC曲线下面积为0.845,明显高于BI-RADS分类的0.760 (Z=2.963,P＜0.01).结论 CDFI联合UE可以明显提高对BI-RADS 4类乳腺病变的诊断准确率,有效减少不必要的术前活检.     

钼靶X线影像对乳腺疾病的诊断价值

目的 探讨乳腺钼靶X线影像的临床应用价值与限度.资料与方法回顾性分析71例经手术病理证实为乳腺疾病患者的钼靶X线影像资料,进行BI-RADS分类、乳腺腺体类型分型,观察病灶位置、大小、有无细钙化,与手术记录及术后病理结果进行比较.结果 钼靶X线影像资料BI-RADS分类:0类13例,Ⅰ类7例,Ⅱ类3例,Ⅲ类4例,Ⅳ类28例,Ⅴ类16例.BI-RADS分类与术后病理结果比较,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ类的诊断符合率分别为28％、33％、75％、60％、100％.乳腺钼靶X线影像资料有28例(39％)对病灶位置评估不准确,37例(52％)对病灶大小评估不准确;11例有细钙化影,其中9例为乳腺癌.致密型和中间混合型乳腺占77％ (55/71),与术后病理相比,钼靶X线诊断准确率为53％;退化型乳腺占23％ (16/71),与术后病理相比,钼靶X线诊断准确率为81％.结论 乳腺钼靶X线对于乳腺疾病的显示有一定价值,但对于病灶诊断准确率低,特别是致密型乳腺,对于病灶的位置及大小显示不准确.     

乳腺影像报告和数据系统在国人女性乳腺癌筛查中的应用价值

目的 探讨乳腺影像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)评估分类在国人女性乳腺癌筛查中的应用价值.方法 搜集2009年8月至12月参加乳腺癌筛查项目中行乳腺X线摄影的3483名妇女资料,参照BI-RADS标准对乳腺评估分类,对于疾病的诊断最终以组织病理结果为金标准,计算BI-RADS评估分类的准确度、敏感度、特异度及BI-RADS各类的阳性预测值(PPV)和阴性预测值(NPV).结果 3483名受检妇女乳腺组成中脂肪型、散在腺体型、不均匀致密型和高度致密型分别有267、1245、1890和81名.进行BI-RADS评估分类,0～5类分别为273(7.8%)、1011(29.0%)、1741(50.0%)、383(11.0%)、59(1.7%)和16(0.5%)名.71例受检者的77个乳腺病变经病理证实,包括恶性病变29例,良性病变48例.BI-RADS评估分类的准确度为63.6%(49/77),敏感度为93.1%(27/29),特异度为45.8%(22/48),BI-RADS总体PPV为50.9%(27/53),0类、4类和5类的PPV分别为25.0%(1/4)、36.4%(12/33)和87.5%(14/16),2类、3类的NPV分别为90.9%(10/11)和100.0%(12/12).结论 乳腺X线摄影应用BI-RADS评估分类可以有效地预测乳腺恶性病变,在国人女性乳腺癌筛查应用中有一定价值.     

乳腺影像报告和数据系统在国人女性乳腺癌筛查中的应用价值

目的 探讨乳腺影像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)评估分类在国人女性乳腺癌筛查中的应用价值.方法 搜集2009年8月至12月参加乳腺癌筛查项目中行乳腺X线摄影的3483名妇女资料,参照BI-RADS标准对乳腺评估分类,对于疾病的诊断最终以组织病理结果为金标准,计算BI-RADS评估分类的准确度、敏感度、特异度及BI-RADS各类的阳性预测值(PPV)和阴性预测值(NPV).结果 3483名受检妇女乳腺组成中脂肪型、散在腺体型、不均匀致密型和高度致密型分别有267、1245、1890和81名.进行BI-RADS评估分类,0～5类分别为273(7.8%)、1011(29.0%)、1741(50.0%)、383(11.0%)、59(1.7%)和16(0.5%)名.71例受检者的77个乳腺病变经病理证实,包括恶性病变29例,良性病变48例.BI-RADS评估分类的准确度为63.6%(49/77),敏感度为93.1%(27/29),特异度为45.8%(22/48),BI-RADS总体PPV为50.9%(27/53),0类、4类和5类的PPV分别为25.0%(1/4)、36.4%(12/33)和87.5%(14/16),2类、3类的NPV分别为90.9%(10/11)和100.0%(12/12).结论 乳腺X线摄影应用BI-RADS评估分类可以有效地预测乳腺恶性病变,在国人女性乳腺癌筛查应用中有一定价值.     

超声检查和乳腺X线摄影及数字乳腺断层摄影对乳腺肿块的应用

目的探讨超声检查、乳腺X线摄影和数字乳腺断层摄影对致密型乳腺无钙化肿块的诊断价值。方法收集100例致密型乳腺无钙化肿块患者的临床资料,以病理组织检查结果为金标准,进行乳腺影像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)评价常规超声、乳腺X线摄影和数字乳腺断层摄影对疾病的检出率和符合率。结果 100例患者中,良性病变41例(41.00%),平均肿块直径(2.14±0.68)cm;恶性病变59例(59.00%),平均肿块直径(2.32±0.71)cm。良性病变与恶性病变患者肿块直径的比较,并无明显差异(P0.05)。超声对良性致密型乳腺无钙化肿块的检出率和符合率均明显高于乳腺X线摄影、数字乳腺断层摄影(P0.05),乳腺X线摄影与数字乳腺断层摄影对良性病变的检出率和符合率的比较,均无明显差异(P0.05)。三种影像学方法对恶性致密型乳腺无钙化肿块的检出率和符合率的比较,均无明显差异(P0.05)。超声对乳腺肿块良性病变的BI-RADS分类结果与乳腺X线摄影比较,存在明显差异(P0.05);超声与数字乳腺断层摄影、乳腺X线摄影与数字乳腺断层摄影对乳腺肿块良性病变的BI-RADS分类结果比较,并无明显差异(P0.05);三种影像学方法对乳腺肿块恶性病变的BI-RADS分类结果比较,并无明显差异(P0.05)。结论对致密型乳腺无钙化肿块数字乳腺断层摄影、超声的诊断价值相当,二者的检出率和诊断符合率均高于乳腺X线摄影。     

Radiological evaluation of palpable breast masses during pregnancy and lactation

Objective

To evaluate the role of different imaging modalities in the diagnosis of palpable breast masses during pregnancy and lactation.

Materials and methods

Forty eight patients with palpable breast masses during pregnancy and lactation were evaluated by Ultrasound. When Ultrasound revealed a benign lesion as cyst no further diagnostic evaluation was necessary. On the other hand, when Ultrasound demonstrated a suspicious lesion, mammography, MRI and or biopsy was performed.

Results

Ultrasound showed a well defined lesion with the criteria of benignity categorized as BI-RADS 2 in 25 cases, 20 cases as BI-RADS 3, 2 cases as BI-RADS 4 and one as BI-RADS 5. One of the 2 cases classified as BI-RADS 4 was completely obscured on mammography. According to Goettinger score, MRI categorized 4 lesions in lactating patients as 1 intermediate and 3 suspicious. Tru-cut biopsy and US guided aspiration established the pathological diagnosis in 23 cases.

Conclusion

The majority of pregnancy-associated breast masses are benign; still, a thorough evaluation of any lesion is required, in order to rule out malignancy. US constitutes the most appropriate radiologic method for evaluating breast disorders in women during pregnancy and lactation. US has a greater sensitivity than mammography in this issue. MRI is not recommended during pregnancy and shows limitation in the lactating period. MRI breast should be used for undetermined cases and for staging malignancy. When the imaging results are suspicious and for grading malignancy, biopsy should be performed to obtain a pathologic diagnosis.     

Computer-aided classification of BI-RADS category 3 breast lesions

PURPOSE: To evaluate a system for computer-aided classification (CAC) of lesions assigned to Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 3 at conventional mammographic interpretation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A CAC system was used to analyze 106 cases of lesions (42 malignant) that at blinded retrospective interpretation were assigned to BI-RADS category 3 by at least two of four radiologists. The CAC system automatically extracted from the digitized mammograms quantitative features that characterized the lesions. The system then used a classification scheme to score the lesions by the likelihood of their malignancy on the basis of these features. The classification scheme was trained with 646 pathologically proved cases (323 malignant), and the results were tested with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis by using the jackknife method. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and accuracy were calculated. Category 3 lesions were stratified among BI-RADS categories 2-5 according to CAC-assigned lesion score, and this classification was compared with the results of pathologic analysis. RESULTS: Jackknife analysis of CAC results in the training data set yielded a sensitivity of 94%, specificity of 78%, positive predictive value of 81%, and area under the ROC curve of 0.90. Of the 42 malignant lesions that had been classified at conventional interpretation as probably benign, nine were assigned by the CAC system to BI-RADS category 4, and 29 were assigned to category 5. The CAC system correctly upgraded the BI-RADS classification of these 38 lesions (sensitivity, 90%) and incorrectly upgraded the classification of only 20 benign lesions (specificity, 69%). CONCLUSION: The CAC system scored 38 of the 42 malignant lesions initially assigned to BI-RADS category 3 as BI-RADS category 4 or 5, and thus correctly upgraded the category in 90% of these lesions.     

MR imaging in probably benign lesions (BI-RADS category 3) of the breast

PURPOSE: To investigate the role of dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the evaluation of probably benign lesions (BI-RADS category 3) and its contribution to patient management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dynamic breast MR imaging was performed in 56 lesions assessed as probably benign in mammography of 43 patients. In MR imaging, T2-weighted turbo spin echo (TSE) with fat suppression sequence followed by pre- and post-contrast T1-weighted 3D-FLASH sequences were used. MR imaging findings were scored using 0-2 point criterion scale. The lesions were divided into five groups according to their total score (0 point: group 1, negative; 1-2 points: group 2, benign; 3 points: group 3, probably benign; 4-5 points: group 4, suspicious for malignancy; 6-8 points: group 5, highly suggestive of malignancy). Histopathologic verification of lesions in group 4 and above was obtained. Lesions in group 3 were either biopsied or followed up by mammography or MR imaging. Lesions in group 1-2 were followed by mammography of 6-month intervals for 2 years. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values of MR imaging in the determination of malignancy in BI-RADS category 3 lesions were calculated. RESULTS: Fifty-six findings (45 mass, 9 breast tissue, 2 focal enhancement) in 43 patients were detected in MR imaging. According to their total score, 41 lesions (73.2%) and breast tissue had 0 point (group 1); 10 lesions (17.8%) had 1-2 points (group 2); 2 lesions (3.6%) had 3 points (group 3); 2 lesions (3.6%) had 4 and 5 points (group 4); and 1 lesion (1.8%) had 6 points (group 5). Ten lesions (of six in groups 1 and 2, one in group 3, three in groups 4 and 5) were histopathologically confirmed. Out of 10 lesions, only 1 (1.8%) with 4 points in group 4 was diagnosed as invasive ductal carcinoma. Other lesions followed with mammography or MR imaging did not change. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values of MR imaging in the determination of malignancy in BI-RADS category 3 lesions were calculated as 100, 96.4, 96.4, 33.3, and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In the evaluation of BI-RADS category 3 lesions, dynamic MR imaging does not provide additional information with low positive predictive value similar to that of short interval mammography follow-up.     

Contrast-enhanced MR imaging in patients with BI-RADS 3-5 microcalcifications

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with microcalcifications classed as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (BI-RADS) 3-5. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-five patients with mammographic microcalcifications classified as BI-RADS categories 3, 4 or 5 underwent MRI and biopsy with stereotactic vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB). Our gold standard was microhistology in all cases and histology with histological grading in patients who underwent surgery. Patients with a microhistological diagnosis of benign lesions underwent mammographic follow-up for at least 12 months. MRI was performed with a 1.5-Tesla (T) unit, and T1 coronal three-dimensional (3D) fast low-angle shot sequences were acquired before and after injection of paramagnetic contrast agent (0.1 mmol/kg). MRI findings, according to the Fisher score, were classified into BI-RADS classes. In patients with cancer who underwent surgery, we retrospectively compared the extension of the mammographic and MRI findings with histological extension. RESULTS: Histology revealed 26 ductal in situ cancers (DCIS) and ductal microinvasive cancers (DCmic), three atypical ductal hyperplasias (ADH) and 26 benign conditions. Histological grading of the 26 patients with cancer revealed four cases of G1, 11 cases of G2 and 11 cases of G3. If we consider mammographic BI-RADS category 3 as benign and BI-RADS 4 and 5 as malignant, mammography had 77% sensitivity, 59% specificity, 63% positive predictive value (PPV), 74% negative predictive value (NPV) and 67.2% diagnostic accuracy. If we consider MRI BI-RADS categories 1, 2 and 3 as benign and 4 and 5 as malignant, MRI had 73% sensitivity, 76% specificity, 73% PPV, 76% NPV and 74.5% diagnostic accuracy. As regards disease extension, mammography had 45% sensitivity and MRI had 84.6% sensitivity. CONCLUSION: Mammography and stereotactic biopsy still remain the only techniques for characterising microcalcifications. MRI cannot be considered a diagnostic tool for evaluating microcalcifications. It is, however, useful for identifying DCIS with more aggressive histological grades. An important application of MRI in patients with DCIS associated with suspicious microcalcifications could be to evaluate disease extension after a microhistological diagnosis of malignancy, as it allows a more accurate presurgical planning.     

Histologic work-up of non-palpable breast lesions classified as probably benign at initial mammography and/or ultrasound (BI-RADS category 3)

Purpose

To determine the accuracy of a probably benign assessment of non-palpable breast lesions (BI-RADS category 3) at mammography and/or ultrasound with immediate histological work-up.

Materials and methods

Stereotactic or ultrasound guided core needle breast biopsy (NBB) was performed to evaluate 288 lesions, which were prospectively assessed as BI-RADS category 3. Imaging findings included 195 masses, 73 calcification cases, 16 focal asymmetries, and four architectural distortion cases. After NBB, patients underwent either open surgical biopsy (OSB) (n = 204) or mammographic follow-up (n = 84) for at least 24 months. Histological results of NBB were compared with those of OSB.

Results

Three of the 288 lesions (1.0%) proved to be malignant at histological work-up, two of them were ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and one of them was an invasive carcinoma. NBB revealed invasive carcinoma in 1/288 (0.35%) and atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) in 13/288 (4.5%) lesions. OSB revealed DCIS in 2/204 (1%) and invasive carcinoma in 1/204 (0.5%) lesions. The two DCIS were underestimated as ADH by NBB. The remaining 285 (99%) lesions proved to be benign at OSB or remained stable during follow-up.

Conclusion

Confirmed by tissue diagnosis, the low likelihood of malignancy of prospectively assessed probably benign lesions is below the 2% threshold established for BI-RADS category 3. Imaging follow-up is a safe and effective alternative to immediate histological work-up for such lesions.     

The negative predictive value of electrical impedance scanning in BI-RADS category IV breast lesions

OBJECTIVES: We sought to prospectively assess the value of electrical impedance scanning (EIS) in discriminating benign from malignant lesions classified as BI-RADS category IV in mammography in comparison with ultrasound (US), with a special focus on negative prediction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: EIS was performed on 128 BI-RADS category IV lesions in 121 women (mean, 51.8 years). The newly developed EIS software 2.67 calculates a BI-RADS-like level of suspicion (LOS) on a 5-grade scale. LOS 1, 2, and 3 were considered negative; LOS 4 and 5 were considered positive. Histopathologic results were obtained in all lesions. RESULTS: Histology proved 37 lesions malignant, 91 benign. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of EIS compared with US were 94.6%, 74.7%, 80.5%, 60.3%, 97.1% versus 90.5%, 33.8%, 47.2%, 29.7%, 92.0%, respectively. In 43 lesions sized < or = 10 mm, EIS demonstrated better sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV of 100%, 83.3%, 90.7%, 82.6%, and 100%, respectively. Although NPV was also high, US showed no sufficient results in 39 (30.5%) lesions because of microcalcifications. Receiver operating curve analysis revealed best results for a combined use of US and EIS. CONCLUSIONS: With a NPV of 97.1% of EIS in BI-RADS category IV breast lesions, a negative result in these lesions could be firm indication to manage them as BI-RADS-category III and refer patients for a 6-month short-interval follow-up rather than performing a biopsy. The best adjunctive diagnostic performance can be achieved by a combination of US and EIS. Costs and patient morbidity could be minimized.     

Breast US in patients who had microcalcifications with low concern of malignancy on screening mammography

PURPOSE: To review ultrasound (US) findings in patients who have suspicious microcalcifications with low concern of malignancy (BI-RADS category 4A) on screening mammography and to evaluate helpful findings in differentiating benign and malignant lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between August 2005 and July 2006, 192 patients showed microcalcifications only, without mass or associated density, on screening mammography. Among them, we selected 82 patients who had microcalcifications with low concern of malignancy (category 4A) that were pathologically confirmed by surgical excision after wire localization (n=23) or biopsy (n=59). Breast US was performed in 37/82 cases and we analyzed the US findings for the calcification areas in these patients, evaluating the findings with benign or malignant pathological results. We correlated US findings with mammographic calcifications using mammography-guided 2D-localization for the calcifications before US examination. RESULTS: There were 12 malignant lesions (32.4%) including 3 invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC), one microinvasive ductal carcinoma (MIDC), 8 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and 25 benign lesions (67.6%) including 2 atypical ductal hyperplasias (ADH). IDC showed calcifications within heterogeneous hypoechoic parenchyma or calcifications within complex hypoechoic masses of taller-than-wide shape on US. One MIDC showed calcifications within heterogeneous hypoechoic parenchyma and six DCIS showed negative findings, or calcifications with a small nodule, or only calcifications on US. The most common positive US finding in benign lesions was cysts with calcifications. In 24/37 cases (64.8%) with negative US findings, 18 (75%) were benign lesions and 6 (25%) were DCIS. CONCLUSION: In patients with category 4A microcalcifications without associated findings on screening mammography, negative US findings had a high rate of benign results (18/24, 75%). Visible calcifications within heterogeneous hypoechoic parenchyma or mass on US increased the probability of malignancy.     

乳腺影像学报告及数据系统:超声良恶性病变鉴别诊断初探

1992年美国放射学会制定了乳腺影像学报告及数据系统(breast imaging reporting and data system,BI-RADS),2003年第四版修订时包括了超声诊断(BI-RADS-US)。本文旨在初步探讨BI-RADS-US对于乳腺良恶性病变鉴别诊断的能力。我们收集了2006年1月至2007年3月期间、获得病理诊断的乳腺占位性病变共69例72灶。均为女性,年龄14-83岁,平均41.6岁。首先根据一般的非BI-RADS标准,做出良恶性鉴别。然后用BI-RADS-US标准进行鉴别和分级(0-6级),其中2级和3级为良性和良性可能性大,4级为性质待定,5级为恶性可能性大。计算并比较上述两种方法的准确性、敏感性、特异性。结果在72病灶中,根据非BI-RADS标准,诊断为良性者40灶,符合病理诊断者38灶(95.0%),诊断为恶性者23灶,符合病理者18灶(78.3%);诊断为性质待定者9灶。根据BI-RADS-US标准和分级,2级和3级共有37灶,与病理结果符合者为36灶(97.2%);5级有31灶,与病理符合者为22灶(71.0%);4级有4灶。非BI-RADS和BI-RADS-US的准确性各为83.3%和81.9%(P=1.000),敏感性各为91.7%和95.8%(P=1.000),特异性各为79.2%和75.0%(P=0.754)。总之,第一版BI-RADS-US在乳腺良恶性病变鉴别诊断方面的初步应用表现出较高的敏感性,而与非BI-RADS方法比较则尚无明显差别。     

数字乳腺X线摄影:男性乳腺疾病诊断的推荐检查可行性分析

目的 基于敏感性、特异性等指标的评价,探讨数字乳腺X线摄影及超声对男性乳腺病变的诊断价值.方法 选取79例行乳腺X线摄影检查的男性乳腺肿块病例,部分病例同时行超声检查(62例).乳腺病灶评价依据2013版BI-RADS,通过2位高年资乳腺放射医师对征象进行分析后作出BI-RADS分类,并将BI-RADS 4a类以上定义...     

Contrast-enhanced MR mammography for evaluation of the contralateral breast in patients with diagnosed unilateral breast cancer or high-risk lesions

PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate accuracy of gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) mammography for depiction of synchronous contralateral breast cancer in patients with newly diagnosed unilateral breast cancer or high-risk lesions, with histologic analysis or follow-up as reference. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study had ethics committee approval; all patients provided written informed consent. One hundred eighteen consecutive women (mean age, 52 years) with unilateral breast cancer or high-risk lesions and negative findings in the contralateral breast at physical examination, ultrasonography, and conventional mammography underwent gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced 1.5-T MR mammography. Transverse three-dimensional T1-weighted gradient-echo images were acquired before and at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 minutes after gadobenate dimeglumine administration (0.1 mmol per kilogram body weight). Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) was used to categorize breast density and the level of suspicion for malignant contralateral breast lesions. Results were compared with histologic findings. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values for contrast-enhanced MR mammography were evaluated. RESULTS: Contrast-enhanced MR mammography revealed contralateral lesions in 28 (24%) of 118 patients. Twenty-four lesions were detected in patients with dense breasts (BI-RADS breast density category III or IV). Lesions in eight (29%) of 28 patients were BI-RADS category 4; patients underwent biopsy. Lesions in 20 (71%) patients were BI-RADS category 5; patients underwent surgery. At histologic analysis, 22 lesions were confirmed as malignant; six lesions were fibroadenomas. No false-negative lesions were detected; none of the fibroadenomas were BI-RADS category 5. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values of contrast-enhanced MR mammography for depiction of malignant or high-risk contralateral lesions were 100%, 94%, 95%, 79%, and 100%, respectively. Follow-up findings (12-24 months) confirmed absence of contralateral lesions in 90 of 118 patients with negative contrast-enhanced MR mammographic findings in the contralateral breast. CONCLUSION: Contrast-enhanced MR mammography is accurate for detection of synchronous contralateral cancer or high-risk lesions in patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer or high-risk lesions.