TACE和RFA对原发性肝癌的疗效及对细胞免疫、血清相关标志物水平的影响

目的 探讨经肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)联合射频消融术(RFA)治疗原发性肝癌患者的疗效及其对患者T淋巴细胞亚群、血清相关标志物水平的影响.方法 选取98例原发性肝癌患者,根据治疗方法的不同将其分为联合组和对照组,每组49例.联合组采用TACE+RFA方案进行治疗,对照组采用TACE方案进行治疗,比较两组患者的治疗效果、T淋巴细胞亚群、血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)、糖类抗原-199(CA-199)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)及血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)水平.结果 治疗后,联合组患者的有效率为71.43％,高于对照组患者的51.02％(P﹤0.05);联合组患者的疾病控制率为95.92％,与对照组患者的91.84％比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05);治疗前,联合组和对照组患者的CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05);治疗后,联合组患者的CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平明显高于对照组患者(P﹤0.01),CD8+水平明显低于对照组患者(P﹤0.01);治疗前,联合组和对照组患者的AFP、CA-199、GGT、VEGF水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05);治疗后,联合组患者的AFP、CA-199、GGT、VEGF水平明显低于对照组患者(P﹤0.01).结论 原发性肝癌患者采用TACE联合RFA治疗具有更好的临床效果,同时可以改善患者的免疫功能.     

含雷替曲塞方案经TACE治疗45例中晚期肝癌的临床疗效

摘 要：［目的］ 探讨基于雷替曲塞化疗方案联合肝动脉化疗栓塞术（trans-arterial chemo-embolization,TACE）治疗中晚期原发性肝癌的临床疗效。［方法］ 选择2013年7月至2016年7月介入治疗科治疗的中晚期原发性肝癌患者80例,根据不同的治疗方案,随机分为观察组（45例）和对照组（35例）。对照组予以氟尿嘧啶和奥沙利铂化疗方案加TACE治疗,观察组在上述治疗方案基础上联合雷替曲塞治疗,比较两组患者术后疗效。［结果］ 治疗后6个月,观察组患者术后肿瘤缓解率高于对照组（χ2=7.467,P=0.006）,观察组患者AFP和AST水平均低于对照组（t=6.622、2.338,P＜0.001、0.022）,两组患者其余化验指标无统计学差异。两组患者术后不良反应及并发症发生率无统计学差异。随访3年后,观察组患者中位生存时间为20个月,1年、2年、3年生存率分别为60.00％、42.22％、33.33％,对照组患者中位生存时间为12个月,1年、2年、3年生存率分别为42.86％、20.00％、14.29％。观察组患者术后生存时间显著性高于对照组（χ2=4.981,P=0.026）。［结论］ 基于雷替曲塞方案联合TACE治疗中晚期肝癌可降低患者AFP水平,提高治疗效果,远期疗效方面可延长肝癌患者生存时间,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合射频消融治疗中晚期肝癌的临床疗效

目的探讨肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）联合射频消融（RFA）治疗中晚期肝癌的临床疗效。方法62例具有介入治疗指征的中晚期肝癌患者随机均分为2组,对照组31例单独行TACE治疗,观察组31例行TACE联合RFA治疗。比较观察2组的临床疗效及AFP水平。结果观察组总有效率为87．1％,高于对照组的51．6％（P〈0．05）。观察组术后AFP水平明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。随访24个月各时期的生存率观察组均明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论TACE联合RFA治疗中晚期肝癌安全、可靠,可提高患者生存率,延长患者生存时间,疗效优于单独应用TACE。     

射频消融联合肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗原发性肝癌的临床观察

目的探讨射频消融术(RFA)联合肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗原发性肝癌的临床疗效。方法采用随机数表法将64例原发性肝癌(肿瘤直径为3~5cm)患者分为两组,每组32例,对照组患者行单纯RFA治疗,观察组患者给予RFA联合TACE治疗,比较两组患者治疗后甲胎蛋白(AFP)水平和卡氏评分,并比较两组患者无瘤生存率。结果两组患者治疗后AFP均明显降低,卡氏评分明显提高,且观察组优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组患者随访期间,2年及3年无瘤生存率均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 RFA联合TACE治疗原发性肝癌(肿瘤直径3~5 cm)与单纯RFA比较,可进一步提高临床疗效并改善患者的预后。     

TACE联合RFA治疗复发性肝癌的生存期分析

摘 要：［目的］ 研究经肝动脉插管化疗栓塞术(TACE)联合射频消融术(RFA)治疗复发性肝癌总生存期及其影响因素。［方法］ 选取复发性肝癌患者106例,分为对照组和观察组,每组53例。对照组患者行RFA治疗,观察组患者接受TACE联合RFA治疗,术后均随访3年。比较两组患者的术后无瘤生存率、总生存率和并发症发生率,单因素和多因素分析总生存期的影响因素。［结果］ 观察组术后1年和2年无瘤生存率均明显高于对照组(P<0.01),术后2年和3年总生存率均明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。多因素分析显示,复发时间是总生存期的独立影响因素(P<0.01)。两组患者的并发症发生率差异统计学意义 (P>0.05)。［结论］ TACE联合RFA治疗复发性肝癌可明显延长患者的生存期,复发时间是影响总生存期的主要因素。     

血清肿瘤标志物联合检测在原发性肝癌诊断中的价值

目的探讨血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)、糖类抗原199(CA199)和癌胚抗原(CEA)联合检测在原发性肝癌诊断中的价值。方法选择2010年9月至2013年12月间收治的原发性肝癌患者60例作为观察组,选取同期健康体检者60例作为正常对照组,两组均进行了血清AFP、CA199和CEA检测,并进行了诊断判断。结果观察组患者的血清AFP、CA199和CEA含量明显高于对照组,阳性率也均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线分析显示,CA199和CEA的诊断敏感度高,而AFP的诊断特异度高。联合检测显示,观察组的诊断阳性率为98.3%,而对照组的诊断阳性率为0。结论血清AFP、CA199和CEA联合检测能提高原发性肝癌检出率,有助于肝癌的早期诊断、疗效判断及随访预后。     

GP73、AFP、CA －199联合检测在原发性肝癌诊断中的应用价值

目的：探讨高尔基体蛋白73（GP73）、甲胎蛋白（AFP）和糖类抗原199（CA －199）联合检测对原发性肝癌（PLC）诊断的意义。方法：54例原发性肝癌患者均为邯郸市人民医院住院患者,采用酶偶联吸附法（ELISA 法）检测 GP73、化学发光免疫分析法检测 AFP、CA －199,并与55名健康对照者进行比较。结果：原发性肝癌组血清 GP73、AFP 及 CA －199水平较对照组均明显升高,差异均有统计学意义（P 均＜0．01）。PLC组 GP73、AFP 及 CA －199水平呈显著正相关（r ＝0．729、0．651、0．627,P 均＜0．05）。三项肿瘤标记物联合测定的阳性率为87．0％,明显高于单项分别测定 GP73、AFP、CA －199阳性率,其阳性率分别为48．1％、77．8％和33．3％,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。结论：血清 GP73、AFP、CA －199联合检测可明显提高原发性肝癌的阳性检出率,对原发性肝癌的早期诊断具有重要的临床意义。     

榄香烯注射液联合TACE治疗原发性肝癌的疗效与安全性的Meta分析

目的:采用Meta分析方法对榄香烯注射液联合经导管肝动脉化学栓塞术（TACE）治疗原发性肝癌的疗效与安全性进行系统评价。方法:检索Pubmed、EMbase、Cochrane Library、中国知网CNKI全文数据库、维普数据库、万方数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库,查找自建库至2016年1月公开发表的研究榄香烯注射液联合TACE治疗原发性肝癌的临床随机对照试验。按照纳入与排除标准选择文献,质量评估,资料提取,采用RevMan 5.2 软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入6篇中文RCT文献,均为高质量研究。Meta分析结果显示,榄香烯注射液联合TACE组治疗原发性肝癌的近期有效率［OR=2.68,95%CI（1.63,4.40）,P<0.000 1］、近期缓解率［OR=2.52,95%CI（1.25,5.08）,P=0.010］高于单纯TACE组;而胃肠道反应［OR=1.16,95%CI（0.55,2.46）,P=0.69］、骨髓抑制［OR=0.66,95%CI（0.32,1.36）,P=0.26］在两组中无明显统计学差异。结论:榄香烯注射液可以提高TACE对原发性肝癌的疗效,且安全性较好。     

原发性与转移性肝癌患者血清学检测的临床应用

  目的  探讨血清学检测指标在鉴别原发性与转移性肝癌时的临床应用价值。  方法  分别测定125例原发性肝癌患者组,135例转移性肝癌患者组及135例无肝转移的癌症患者组血清中ALT、AST、ALP、TBIL、DBIL、GGT、CHE、5'-NT、AFP、CEA、CA199的水平,采用方差析和Scheffe检验进行统计学分析。应用ROC曲线分析AFP、CEA和CA199对原发性肝癌及转移性肝癌的诊断价值。  结果  1）原发性肝癌组与转移性肝癌组之间血清AST、ALP、GGT、5'-NT、AFP及CEA水平差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。2）根据原发性肝癌组和转移性肝癌组AFP、CEA和CA199的ROC曲线下面积（Area under the ROC curve,AUC）判断,AFP对原发性肝癌诊断有一定的准确性,CEA、CA199对鉴别原发性肝癌与转移性肝癌有一定诊断价值。  结论  检测血清AST、GGT、5'-NT、AFP、CEA、CA199水平可对恶性肿瘤是否发生肝转移进行初步诊断,亦可对原发性肝癌与转移性肝癌的鉴别诊断提供佐证。      

经导管动脉栓塞化疗联合射频消融术治疗原发性肝细胞肝癌的效果观察

目的 探讨选择性经导管动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)联合射频消融术(RFA)治疗原发性肝细胞肝癌的疗效及对患者生存的影响.方法 将78例原发性肝细胞肝癌患者按治疗方式不同分为对照组(TACE治疗,n=37)和研究组(TACE联合RFA治疗,n=41).对比两组患者的临床疗效、并发症发生情况及生存情况.结果 研究组患者总有效率...     

Experience with Impedance Phlebography Compared with Venography

Venography is a particularly reliable method for the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis but is not suitable as a screening test. Impedance phlebography represents another attempt to discover a simple, non-invasive and reliable method of detecting deep venous thrombosis. It does not, however, meet these criteria.     

Compliance with guidelines and correlation with outcome in patients with advanced germ-cell tumours

PurposeTo evaluate prior compliance with guidelines in patients treated with salvage chemotherapy for advanced germ-cell tumours (GCT).Patients and methodsData concerning the initial management of patients requiring salvage chemotherapy for GCT at Institut Gustave Roussy between 2000 and 2010 were obtained and correlated with recommendations for treatment. Criteria of non-compliance were defined based on guidelines. Compliance with guidelines, predictive factors for non-compliance and the impact on outcome were analysed.ResultsAmong 82 patients treated in the salvage setting, guidelines to initial treatment were followed in only 41 cases (50%). The most common non-compliance criteria were non-adherence to the planned dose (16%), an inappropriate interval between first-line chemotherapy cycles (16%), the lack of post-chemotherapy surgery (16%) and a long interval to post-chemotherapy surgery (48%). Compliance with standard care was better in cancer centres than in other hospitals (private or public) (Odd Ratio (OR): 6.9, P = 0.001). A poor-risk status according to the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) was also predictive of compliance in univariate but not in multivariate analysis. No significant difference in outcome after salvage chemotherapy was observed. Patients relapsing after non-compliant first-line therapy tended to be more easily salvaged, which is consistent with the fact that their initial treatment was inadequate. Some of these relapses were therefore probably not due to true biologically refractory disease.ConclusionGuidelines for first-line treatment are adhered to in only half the patients requiring salvage chemotherapy. As the only predictive factor for non-compliance was the treating centre, centralisation of patients with GCT in well-trained hospitals should be recommended.     

Treatment with methylnaltrexone is associated with increased survival in patients with advanced cancer

BackgroundMethylnaltrexone (MNTX), a peripherally acting μ-opioid receptor (MOR) antagonist, is FDA-approved for treatment of opioid-induced constipation (OIC). Preclinical data suggest that MOR activation can play a role in cancer progression and can be a target for anticancer therapy.Patients and methodsPooled data from advanced end-stage cancer patients with OIC, despite laxatives, treated in two randomized (phase III and IV), placebo-controlled trials with MNTX were analyzed for overall survival (OS) in an unplanned post hoc analysis. MNTX or placebo was given subcutaneously during the double-blinded phase, which was followed by the open-label phase, allowing MNTX treatment irrespective of initial randomization.ResultsIn two randomized, controlled trials, 229 cancer patients were randomized to MNTX (117, 51%) or placebo (112, 49%). Distribution of patients' characteristics and major tumor types did not significantly differ between arms. Treatment with MNTX compared with placebo [76 days, 95% confidence interval (CI) 43–109 versus 56 days, 95% CI 43–69; P = 0.033] and response (laxation) to treatment compared with no response (118 days, 95% CI 59–177 versus 55 days, 95% CI 40–70; P < 0.001) had a longer median OS, despite 56 (50%) of 112 patients ultimately crossing over from placebo to MNTX. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that response to therapy [hazard ratio (HR) 0.47, 95% CI 0.29–0.76; P = 0.002) and albumin ≥3.5 (HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.30–0.69; P < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors for increased OS. Of interest, there was no difference in OS between MNTX and placebo in 134 patients with advanced illness other than cancer treated in these randomized studies (P = 0.88).ConclusionThis unplanned post hoc analysis of two randomized trials demonstrates that treatment with MNTX and, even more so, response to MNTX are associated with increased OS, which supports the preclinical hypothesis that MOR can play a role in cancer progression. Targeting MOR with MNTX warrants further investigation in cancer therapy.Clinical trials numberNCT00401362, NCT00672477.     

Costs associated with complications are lower with capecitabine than with 5‐fluorouracil in patients with colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND:

Capecitabine, an oral alternative to 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), has equal clinical efficacy and a favorable safety profile; however, its use may be limited because of unit cost concerns. In this study, the authors measured the cost of chemotherapy‐related complications during treatment with capecitabine‐ and 5‐FU–based regimens.

METHODS:

Patients with CRC who received at least 1 administration of capecitabine or 5‐FU during 2004 and 2005 were identified from the Thomson MarketScan research databases. Monthly frequency and cost for 23 complications were recorded. Logistic regression was used to predict complication probability. General linear models were used to predict monthly complication cost and total monthly expenditure.

RESULTS:

In total, 4973 patients with CRC met the inclusion criteria for this analysis. Although the most frequently observed complications were the same between capecitabine and 5‐FU (nausea and vomiting, infection, anemia, neutropenia, diarrhea), each was observed with greater frequency in 5‐FU–based regimens. The mean predicted monthly complication cost was significantly higher (by 136%) with 5‐FU monotherapy than with capecitabine monotherapy (difference, $601; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], $469‐$737). In addition, the mean predicted monthly complication cost for 5‐FU+oxaliplatin was higher than the cost with capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (difference, $1165; 95% CI, $892‐$1595). When acquisition, administration, and complication costs were taken into consideration, there were no significant differences in the total cost between capecitabine regimens and 5‐FU regimens.

CONCLUSIONS:

Capecitabine compared well with 5‐FU–based therapy in patients with CRC and was associated with lower complication rates and associated costs. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.     

Living with secondary breast cancer: coping with an uncertain future with unmet needs

JOHNSTON S.R.D. (2010) European Journal of Cancer Care 19 , 561–563 Living with secondary breast cancer: coping with an uncertain future with unmet needs     

奥沙利铂联合羟基喜树碱治疗晚期胃癌临床分析

背景与目的体外及体内的临床研究显示,奥沙利铂(L-OHP)对多种肿瘤有显著抑制作用并与绝大多数抗癌药物具有相加或协同细胞毒作用.本文旨在观察L-OHP联合羟基喜树碱(HCPT)治疗晚期胃癌的近期疗效和患者耐受性,并与传统的化疗方案进行对比.方法采用非随机的分组方法将43例晚期胃癌患者分为L-OHP+HCPT方案组(治疗组)与Vp-16+CF+5-FU(ELF)方案组(对照组),其中男性28例,女性15例,中位年龄59岁,KPS评分≥60,观察两组的近期疗效和患者耐受性.结果治疗组24例有效率58.3%(14/24),对照组19例有效率42.1%(8/19).治疗组有效率高于对照组,两组差异有显著性(P<0.05).两组不良反应主要是骨髓抑制、恶心、呕吐、口腔炎、周围神经炎、静脉炎、脱发等,均在Ⅰ、Ⅱ度范围内.结论L-OHP联合HCPT方案治疗晚期胃癌疗效较好,不良反应可以耐受.     

Varicella-Zoster Virus Prophylaxis with Low-Dose Acyclovir in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated with Bortezomib

BackgroundVaricella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation is a common complication in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) treated with bortezomib, with an incidence rate of 10%-60%. The aim of our study was to analyze the effect of acyclovir prophylaxis in this patient population.Patients and MethodsWe studied 98 consecutive patients with relapsed MM treated with bortezomib. Bortezomib 1.3 mg/m² was given on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 of a 21-day cycle. At first, patients did not receive any VZV prophylaxis, but because of the high incidence of VZV reactivation, VZV prophylaxis with acyclovir was implemented subsequently.ResultsA total of 11 patients treated with bortezomib did not have any VZV prophylaxis, and 4 of these 11 patients (36%) developed VZV reactivation in the form of herpes zoster. No VZV reactivations were observed in the 32 patients who received acyclovir 400 mg 3 times daily or the 55 patients who received acyclovir in a dose reduced to 400 mg once daily during bortezomib treatment.ConclusionVaricellazoster virus reactivation is a common and serious adverse effect of bortezomib treatment. Acyclovir 400 mg once daily is sufficient to protect from VZV reactivation in patients with MM treated with bortezomib.