Louis Weinstein,Ph.D., M.D.

Thanks to the medical revolutions of the past half century, we have attained a remarkable understanding of health and disease, of diagnosis and therapy. Future generations will undoubtedly be intensely interested in the men and women whose work produced these revolutions. The ability to record their thought processes through the techniques of “oral history” can provide invaluable insights. It is in this belief that HOSPITAL PRACTICE is reproducing a series of interviews conducted by cardiologist Allen B. Weisse, Professor of Medicine at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School. They were originally published in 1984 as Conversations in Medicine: The Story of Twentieth-Century American Medicine in the Words of Those Who Created It (New York University Press, Washington Square, New York). Following is the interview with microbiologist and infectious disease specialist Louis Weinstein, conducted in June 1980.     

Augustus E. Jordan, Ph.D.

Screening results for the Child Development Review (CDR) and the Denver II Developmental Screening Test (Denver II) were compared in two locations: the Cheyenne River Reservation in South Dakota and Sioux Falls, S.D. Seventy-three white, Native American and other minority children, half originating from the reservation and half from Sioux Falls, were randomly assigned to take one developmental screening test. A chi-square analysis indicated a significant difference in results across tests. Specifically, more CDR than Denver II subjects passed the screening and more Denver II than CDR subjects failed the screening. This pattern held for subjects living on, but not off, the reservation. Thus, for Native American, white and other minority children living on the Cheyenne River Reservation, the CDR may be undersensitive and/or the Denver II oversensitive to suspect presentations. Medical practitioners are advised to use these instruments with caution in rural settings.     

Arthur S. Elstein,Ph.D.: skeptic,scholar, teacher and mentor

Arthur S. Elstein, Ph.D. has said that he has been motivated to address two research questions throughout this career: How do physicians make decisions? and How can we help them make better ones? He has addressed these questions using the tools of a psychologist but the results of his research in medical cognition, medical reasoning, and judgement have had a lasting impact on medical education and how future physicians are prepared. Further, through teaching and mentoring, he has produced a second generation of medical education researchers and leaders; and perhaps most importantly, through his role modeling of skepticism and scholarship, he has taught what a professional educator must do to succeed in medical education. His distinguished thirty-eight year career was primarily at the Office of Medical Education Research and Development at Michigan State University's College of Human Medicine (1968-1994) and, after his retirement there, in the Department of Medical Education and the School of Public Health at the University of Illinois at Chicago. During his career he authored or edited four books, wrote 22 book chapters, published 99 articles, and made more than 900 presentations. He received many prestigious awards. This article gives an overview of Elstein's career and accomplishments and his perspectives on significant innovations in medical education, the role of professional medical educators, the major lessons he has learned during his career.     

从学位论文双盲评阅结果探讨医学科学博士生培养中的问题及对策

通过对北京大学人民医院医学科学学位博士研究生论文的双盲评阅结果进行分析和探讨,结果显示,博士生的科学严谨性欠缺以及对课题相关知识掌握不足是目前的主要问题.从而就加强研究生培养过程管理、完善导师指导团队建设两个方面提出具体意见和建议.     

医学院校医教研人员信息需求分析

目的了解医生、教师、研究^员的信息需求,为图书馆科学、合理地建设馆藏提供有力的依据。方法通过问卷调查方式获得第三军医大学医生、教师、研究人员对图书馆的认识等信息,并对其进行统计分析。结果各类读者的总体满意度大致相当,均未达到80％;科研人员比教师、医生更常去图书馆,对纸本书刊利用率最高;信息客体需求专业性强,主要集中在医学信息方面,3类人员均在粥％左右;信息获取有较强的自主性,信息发布方式单一。结论职业特点、用户知识结构是决定其信息需求的重要依据。