羊栖菜多糖对血管内皮细胞氧化损伤的保护和修复作用的实验研究

目的 研究羊栖菜多糖(SFPS)对过氧化氢所致人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)损伤的保护及修复作用.方法 噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞活力,比色法测定细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力、NO水平、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及细胞内丙二醛(MDA)含量.结果 羊栖菜多糖可剂量依赖性地抑制过氧化氢所致的细胞活力降低,阻止LDH外漏,增加NO释放,并减少MDA生成,提高SOD活性.结论 羊栖菜多糖对过氧化氢所致HUVEC损伤具有明显的保护及修复作用.     

山茱萸有效成分对高糖致心肌细胞损伤的保护作用

目的 研究山茱萸有效成分莫诺苷及马钱苷对高糖致心肌细胞损伤的保护作用.方法 采用高糖诱导的乳鼠心肌细胞损伤模型,观察细胞形态学改变,运用MTT.法检测细胞存活率,并用试剂盒检测细胞上清液中GOT、LDH及SOD、MDA含量.结果 高糖组细胞搏动加快、存活率降低,上清液中GOT及LDH含量增高,SOD活性降低,MDA含量增加(P<0.01),提示心肌细胞受损,抗氧化能力降低.而莫诺苷、马钱苷组细胞形态基本正常,存活率较高,二者均能降低GOT、LDH含量,提高SOD活力.减少MDA含量,与高糖组相比差异显著(P<0.05,0.01).结论 山茱萸有效成分能保护高糖诱导的心肌细胞损伤,可能是通过提高心肌细胞抗氧化能力产生作用的.     

当归CO2超临界萃取物对氧化应激损伤血管内皮细胞的保护作用

目的 研究当归CO2超临界萃取物对体外培养的人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)氧化损伤的保护作用.方法 采用过氧化氢(H2O2)建立体外培养的HUVEC细胞氧化应激损伤模型.将细胞分为正常对照组、损伤组、给药组,其中给药组给予当归CO2超临界萃取物预培养24 h后加入1.25mmol/L H2O2,继续培养2 h.MTT法检测细胞存活率;通过各种化学方法检测乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)和一氧化氮(NO)的活性;用流式细胞仪检测细胞周期改变及凋亡.结果 当归CO2超临界萃取物能明显提高H2O2损伤的内皮细胞的存活率,提高细胞SOD和NO的活性,降低LDH和MDA水平,减少H2O2诱导的细胞凋亡率,恢复血管内皮细胞增殖.结论 当归CO2超临界萃取物具有较强的抗氧化能力及内皮细胞保护作用,可减轻血管内皮细胞的氧化损伤.     

油茶皂苷对缺氧-复氧诱导的内皮细胞损伤及中性粒细胞黏附的影响

目的研究油茶皂苷(SQS)对缺氧-复氧诱导的内皮细胞损伤及中性粒细胞黏附的作用及可能的机制。方法建立人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)缺氧-复氧损伤模型,取培养细胞上清液测定LDH活性,分别测定HU-VEC存活率,中性粒细胞黏附率、线粒体丙二醛(MDA)水平及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性。同法检测中性粒细胞黏附。结果缺氧-复氧可导致HUVEC损伤及中性粒细胞黏附的增加,表现为LDH活性、MDA水平及中性粒细胞黏附率显著升高,而SOD和GSH-Px活性显著下降;SQS呈浓度依赖性地对抗上述改变。结论SQS对缺氧-复氧诱导的HUVEC损伤有保护作用,其机制可能与其抗脂质过氧化和抑制白细胞黏附有关。     

枸杞多糖对神经元缺氧损伤的保护作用

【目的】观察枸杞多糖对神经元缺氧损伤的保护作用。【方法】建立原代培养神经元缺氧损伤模型,通过形态学观察以及细胞存活率、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）释放量、细胞内SOD活性及MDA含量的测定,研究枸杞多糖对神经元缺氧损伤的保护作用。【结果】枸杞多糖能明显改善缺氧损伤神经元的形态改变,提高细胞存活率,减少细胞内LDH的漏出,并可显著提高细胞内SOD活性,减少脂质过氧化产物MDA的产生。【结论】枸杞多糖对神经元缺氧损伤具有明显的保护作用。     

生地黄-山茱萸对AGEs致HUVEC细胞损伤的保护作用

目的 观察生地黄、山莱萸对晚期糖基化终产物(AGEs)作用下人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)的保护作用.方法 体外培养HUVEC,将细胞分为正常对照组、AGEs组、生地黄组、山茱萸组、生地黄-山茱萸分煎及合煎组,加入终浓度为0.125、0.062 5、0.031 25 g/L的药物预孵lh后,加入200 mg/L的AGEs作为刺激物,继续培养24h后,用CCK-8测定并计算药物对AGEs致HUVEC损伤的保护率;取各组细胞上清液,试剂盒测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)、乳酸脱氲酶(LDH),ELISA法测定肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、IL-1β.结果 生地黄、山茱萸、生地黄-山茱萸(0.125、0.062 5、0.031 25 g/L)对AGEs致HUVEC损伤均有保护作用.AGEs组细胞上清液中SOD活性、NO含量降低(P＜0.05～0.01),MDA、LDH含量增加(P＜0.05～0.01),TNF-α、IL-1β分泌增加(P＜0.05～0.01).而各给药组能提高SOD活性、NO含量,降低LDH、MDA,减少TNF-α和IL-lβ分泌,与AGEs组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05～0.01).结论 生地黄、山茱萸、生地黄-山茱萸通过增加内皮细胞NO生成量、抑制氧化应激、调节细胞分泌功能来保护血管肉皮细胞的,尤以生地黄-山茱萸保护HUNEC最为明显.     

β-胡萝卜素对高糖诱导的血管内皮细胞损伤的保护作用

目的研究β-胡萝卜素(β-C)对高糖诱导的内皮细胞损伤的保护作用,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法在血管内皮细胞长至80%以上融合时,将其分为5组:正常对照组、高糖损伤组及低、中和高剂量β-C组,每组6个复孔。正常对照组加入10%葡萄糖注射液5.5mmol·L-1,高糖损伤组加入10%葡萄糖注射液33mmol·L-1,低、中和高剂量β-C组分别加入β-C 10、20、40μmol·L-1+10%葡萄糖注射液33mmol·L-1。各组放置5%CO2培养箱中培养48h后,收集细胞或培养液进行实验。使用酶联免疫检测仪、采用MTT比色法检测5组血管内皮细胞存活率,采用流式细胞仪检测血管内皮细胞凋亡率、血管内皮细胞中活性氧(ROS)水平,使用全自动生化仪、采用乳酸→丙酮酸连续监测法检测5组血管内皮细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性,使用全自动生化仪、采用硫代巴比妥酸比色定量法检测5组血管内皮细胞培养液中丙二醛(MDA)的水平;先参照NO检测试剂盒的使用说明书进行实验,后采用酶联免疫检测仪检测5组血管内皮细胞培养液中NO水平。结果与正常对照组比较,高糖损伤组的血管内皮细胞存活率、血管内皮细胞培养液中NO水平均明显降低,血管内皮细胞培养液中LDH活性、MDA水平,血管内皮细胞凋亡率、血管内皮细胞中ROS水平均明显升高(均P<0.01);与高糖损伤组比较,中、高剂量β-C组的血管内皮细胞存活率、血管内皮细胞培养液中NO水平均明显升高,血管内皮细胞培养液中LDH活性、MDA水平及低、中和高剂量β-C组的血管内皮细胞凋亡率、血管内皮细胞中ROS水平均明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论β-胡萝卜素对高糖诱导的脐静脉内皮细胞的损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与增加NO水平和促进ROS的降解有关。     

L02脂肪变模型中氧化应激的发生及羊栖菜多糖的干预作用

目的建立人正常肝细胞株(L02)脂肪变模型,探讨软脂酸(PA)对肝细胞氧化应激的作用及羊栖菜多糖(SFPS)对脂肪变肝细胞氧化还原系统的影响。方法采用0.5 mmol/L的PA诱导L02细胞建立脂肪变模型,并予以不同浓度(25、50、100μg/m L)SFPS进行干预。Annexin V-FITC标记法检测细胞的凋亡,MTT比色法检测细胞增殖活力,测定细胞内过氧化产物丙二醛含量(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)。结果 SFPS可抑制PA对L02细胞增殖活性的下降和凋亡率的上升,降低MDA含量,升高SOD水平,不同浓度组间比较差异有统计学意义且具有剂量依赖性。结论 L02细胞脂肪变性时发生明显的氧化应激,羊栖菜多糖能在一定程度上减轻氧化损伤、抗细胞凋亡。     

阿托伐他汀钙抑制高糖诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞内皮微粒释放及细胞凋亡

目的：探讨阿托伐他汀钙对高糖诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC）内皮微粒释放和细胞凋亡的影响.方法：取生长良好的HUVEC进行实验.将细胞分为3组：对照组（5.5mmol/L葡萄糖）、高糖组（33.3mmol/L葡萄糖）和阿托伐他汀干预组.干预组首先用不同浓度的阿托伐他汀钙（0.01～10μmol/L）分别作用lh,而后加入33.3mmol/L葡萄糖共同孵育24,48,72h.应用MTT比色法检测细胞的生存率.采用流式细胞仪分别检测HUVEC内皮微粒释放以及细胞凋亡率.应用Griess还原法检测培养细胞上清液中一氧化氮（NO）浓度.结果：阿托伐他汀钙减轻高糖对HUVEC的损伤,阿托伐他汀组细胞形态基本完好.阿托伐他汀钙降低高糖诱导的HUVEC内皮微粒释放和细胞凋亡率,且均具有浓度和时间依赖性（P均〈0.05）.阿托伐他汀钙升高高糖诱导的NO含量,使其趋于正常.此作用在0.1～10μmol/L阿托伐他汀钙浓度区间作用24～48h时效果最明显（P均〈0.05）.结论：阿托伐他汀钙抑制高糖诱导的HUVEC内皮微粒释放及细胞凋亡,并通过调节内皮微粒和NO平衡起到保护HUVEC作用.     

促红细胞生成素对同型半胱氨酸导致血管内皮细胞损伤的保护作用

目的 观察促红细胞生成素(EPO)对同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)导致的血管内皮细胞损伤是否具有保护作用.方法 采用不同浓度(1.25、2.5、5、10、20 mmol/L)的Hcy处理人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC),观察细胞的损伤情况,建立Hcv诱导的内皮细胞损伤模型,然后采用不同浓度(0.1、1、10、100 U/ml)的EPO进行预处理,观察细胞的损伤情况.通过MTT法测定细胞存活率,ELISA法检测细胞上清IL-6含量,Hoechst33258染色检测细胞凋亡来评价细胞损伤情况.结果 Hcy对HUVEC有损伤作用,并且随浓度增加损伤作用更明显.EPO可增加细胞存活率,抑制Hcy诱导HUVEC IL-6的产生,抑制细胞凋亡.结论 EPO对Hcy导致的内皮细胞损伤具有一定的保护作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.