癔症患者生活质量及其影响因素的对照研究

目的 探讨癔症患者生活质量及其影响因素.方法 采用自制一般情况调查表、生活质量问卷、症状自评量表和社会支持量表对78例癔症患者和58例正常人进行测试.结果 (1)症状自评量表(SCL-90)中,所有的因子得分均高于正常对照组,2组比较均差异有显著性;(2)社会支持量表,以主观支持[(22.79±5.08)分]明显低于对照组(P＜0.01);(3)生活质量总体[(12.40±3.43)分]低于正常对照组,具体因子是疼痛不适[(16.73±2.58)分]、睡眠[(8.25±1.94)分]、负性情感[(16.11±3.11)分]、医疗依赖[(16.52±3.29)分]、工作能力[(13.63±3.27)分]、性生活[(10.17±2.85)分]、生活安全感[(11.23±2.97)分](P＜0.05～0.01);7个因子得分差异有显著性;6个维度中在生理领域、心理领域、独立领域、环境领域四个纬度有统计学意义.多元逐步回归分析发现:影响癔症生活质量的因素是抑郁、主观支持、恐怖.结论 癔症患者生活质量较健康人低;情绪低落、药物依赖、社会功能下降、主观情感上获得的支持缺少,是造成生活质量下降的关键原因.     

神经症患者主客观生活事件的影响因素

目的研究应对方式、社会支持和压力反应等与应激有关因素对神经症患者主观、客观生活事件的影响。方法应用自编生活事件量表、压力反应问卷、特质应对问卷、领悟社会支持量表及一般情况调查表对88例神经症患者和88名健康对照进行调查和分析。结果神经症组主观事件得分[(13.295±11.845)分]高于健康组[(7.261±10.873)分](P<0.01),而神经症组客观事件得分[(10.239±9.105)分]与健康组得分[(8.376±11.213)分]差异无显著性(P>0.05)。神经症组主观事件与压力反应正相关,与家庭内支持和年龄负相关(P<0.01),客观生活事件与应激其他因素均无关;健康对照组主观事件与压力反应正相关,客观生活事件与压力反应和消极应对正相关(P<0.01)。多元逐步回归分析提示,影响神经症组主观事件的因素依次有客观事件、年龄、压力反应和家庭内支持,预测力为47.7%;但影响神经症组客观事件、健康组主观事件和客观事件的仅有相对应的主观或客观事件。结论神经症患者主观事件报告明显多于健康人群,且神经症患者主观事件受其他压力有关因素的影响较大。     

肝豆状核变性患者生活质量变化的纵向比较

目的 研究肝豆状核变性(hepatolenticular degeneration, HLD)患者十年前后的生活质量变化及影响因素。方法 采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)对101例HLD患者进行问卷调查,并与2011年287例HLD患者WHOQOL-BREF数据结果进行比较,运用t检验和卡方检验等统计方法对问卷结果进行比较分析。结果 ① 此次调查HLD患者WHOQOL-BREF得分生理领域[(60.04±8.62)分]、心理领域[(55.04±9.51)分]、社会领域 [(64.60±13.09)分]、环境领域[(61.94±11.28)分] 高于2011年相应得分[分别为(54.64±17.11)分,(52.09±15.83)分,(51.35±17.18)分,(53.54±16.67)] ,差异具有显著性(P<0.01);②患者家庭经济状况、职业、婚姻状况、对医生信任度、对疾病态度等情况对均较十年前有明显改善,差异具有显著性(P<0.01)。结论 随着经济和社会的发展,医疗水平的进步,HLD患者生活质量较十年前有很大改善。     

弥漫性甲状腺肿伴甲亢症患者的生存质量及相关心理社会因素

目的比较弥漫性甲状腺肿伴甲亢症患者与正常对照组的生存质量,并研究影响甲亢患者生存质量的心理社会因素。方法采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定简表、特质应对方式问卷、领悟社会支持量表、艾森克人格测验、抑郁自评量表、焦虑自评量表对65例甲亢患者和和64例正常对照进行了测评。结果甲亢组生存质量的生理领域评分[(57.03±13.34)分]比对照组[(67.91±14.46)分]低(P<0.05),生存质量的心理领域评分[(59.57±14.00)分]比对照组(64.84±11.85)低(P<0.05),生存质量的社会关系领域和环境领域的分值也均低于对照组,但差异无显著性。甲亢组生存质量的生理领域与家庭外支持呈正相关(γ=0.249,P<0.05),与消极应对呈负相关(γ=-0.310,P<0.05);生存质量的心理领域与消极应对呈负相关(γ=-0.388,P<0.05);生存质量的社会关系领域与家庭内支持呈正相关(γ=0.262,P<0.05),与神经质呈负相关(γ=-0.292,P<0.05);生存质量的环境领域与家庭内支持呈正相关(γ=0.347,P<0.05),与家庭外支持呈正相关(γ=0.276,P<0.05),与积极应对呈正相关(γ=0.262,P<0.05)。结论甲亢患者生理领域和心理领域的生存质量比正常对照差,影响生存质量的心理社会因素主要是应对方式和社会支持。     

中医情志护理对肝硬化消化道出血患者的生活质量及负面情绪的影响

目的 观察中医情志护理对肝硬化消化道出血患者的生活质量及负面情绪的影响.方法 将2014年3月至2016年3月于保定市第一中医院进行诊治的126例肝硬化消化道出血患者采用随机数表法随机分为对照组和观察组,每组63例,对照组采用常规护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上采用中医情志护理,并采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、自评抑郁量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和生活质量量表(SF-36)评价两组患者护理前和护理后60 d的生活质量及负面情绪的状况.结果 护理前两组患者的SDS和SAS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后观察组患者的SDS和SAS评分分别为(48.93±4.26)分和(49.72±5.26)分,均明显低于对照组的(53.96±5.24)分和(54.12±5.75)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理前两组患者的SF-36评分中的总体健康、生理功能、生理职能、社会功能、躯体疼痛、活力、情感职能和精神健康比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后观察组和对照组患者的SF-36评分中的总体健康[(77.62±4.70)分vs(75.74±4.53)分]、生理功能[(75.28±4.39)分vs(73.46±4.21)分]、生理职能[(78.34±5.25)分vs(76.16±5.18)分]、社会功能[(79.06±5.38)分vs(77.23±5.24)分]、躯体疼痛[(73.25±5.24)分vs(71.63±4.96)分]、活力[(72.38±4.35)分vs(70.73±4.22)分]、情感职能[(77.34±4.36)分vs(75.91±4.23)分]和精神健康[(75.86±4.52)分vs(74.37±4.41)分]比较,观察组均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).护理前两组患者的SCL-90评分中的焦虑、躯体化、敌对、抑郁、偏执、恐怖、强迫、精神病性和人际关系敏感比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后观察组和对照组患者的SCL-90评分中的焦虑[(1.51±0.43)分vs(1.75±0.48)分]、抑郁[(1.67±0.28)分vs(1.89±0.42)分]、恐怖[(1.45±0.27)分vs(1.68±0.33)分]和人际关系敏感[(1.67±0.29)分vs(1.86±0.34)分]比较,观察组均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 中医情志护理能有效减轻肝硬化消化道出血患者的负面情绪和提高患者的生活质量.     

总责任护士负责制整体护理在妊娠滋养细胞肿瘤化疗患者中的应用

目的 探讨总责任护士负责制整体护理对妊娠滋养细胞肿瘤化疗患者的效果及生存质量的影响.方法 选择2011年1月至2015年6月间我院妇科收治且接受化疗的妊娠滋养细胞肿瘤患者104例,按照随机数字法分为对照组和观察组,每组52例.对照组患者接受常规的护士轮班护理服务,观察组患者接受总责任护士负责的整体护理.于护理干预前后分别采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、多维健康心理控制源量表[MHLC,包括冒险量表(CHLC)、强势他人量表(PHLC)、内控量表(IHLC)三个分量表]和生活质量问卷调查表(QOLQ)调查并比较两组患者心理状态和生活质量.结果 护理干预后,观察组患者的SDS和SAS评分分别为(29.80±6.81)分、(33.71±6.68)分,与护理干预前[SDS=(53.11±5.69)分]、[SAS=(54.28±5.88)分]相比明显降低,也明显低于对照组[SDS=(45.68±5.61)分]、SAS=[(48.27±6.08)分],差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理干预后,观察组患者的CHLC得分[(17.63±2.84)分]与护理干预前[(25.23±1.91)分]相比显著下降,PHLC得分显著增加[(30.06±3.11)分vs(25.16±2.18)分];同时饮食[(4.35±0.64)分]、心理状态[(4.18±0.51)分]、自理能力[(4.26±0.49)分]、对治疗的态度[(4.31±0.54)分]及对疾病的认识[(4.07±0.52)分]的评分均明显提高,也明显高于对照组饮食:[(2.38±0.62)分,心理状态:(2.19±0.11)分,自理能力:(1.77±0.27)分,对治疗的态度:(2.22±0.33),对疾病的认识:(2.15±0.51)],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 总责任护士负责的整体护理干预可以缓解妊娠滋养细胞肿瘤患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪,改善生活质量.     

惊恐障碍患者的述情障碍

目的探讨惊恐障碍患者的述情障碍及其相关因素。方法采用多伦多述情障碍量表、汉密尔顿焦虑量表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表对伴或不伴广场恐怖的47名惊恐障碍患者和37名健康对照者进行评估。结果(1)伴或不伴广场恐怖的惊恐患者TAS因子Ⅱ分[分别为(3.30±0.70)分和(3.13±0.75)分]高于正常对照组[(2.58±0.67)分](均P<0.05),伴广场恐怖的惊恐患者的TAS总分[(75.4±10.1)分]高于对照组[(66.3±8.9)分](P<0.01),两患者组的因子Ⅰ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ分与对照组之间的差异无显著性(P>0.05),两患者组TAS及四个因子之间的差异亦无显著性(P>0.05);(2)伴与不伴广场恐怖的惊恐患者的HAMA和HAMD得分[HAMA分别为(17.0±6.13)分和(18.6±7.94)分,HAMD分别为(13.0±6.2)分和(15.3±6.96)分]均高于对照组[分别为(0.94±1.22)分和(1.08±0.27)分](P<0.001);(3)伴或不伴广场恐怖的惊恐障碍的TAS因子Ⅱ得分与病程及HAMA和HAMD的相关关系无显著性(P>0.05)。结论伴与不伴广场恐怖的惊恐障碍患者均存在述情障碍,以认识和区别情绪和躯体感受的能力欠缺明显,与其病程和焦虑抑郁状态无相关;其描述情感、幻想及外向型思维的能力可能未受损害。     

系统化护理对鼻咽癌放疗患者口腔黏膜炎的预防作用及负面情绪、生活质量的影响

目的 分析系统化护理对鼻咽癌放疗患者口腔黏膜炎的预防作用及负面情绪、生活质量的影响.方法 选取2013年2月至2016年2月间在我院接受放疗的鼻咽癌患者78例作为研究对象,按照住院ID号先后顺序依次入组,分为观察组39例和对照组39例.对照组患者接受临床常规护理,观察组患者接受系统化护理干预,比较两组患者干预后的口腔黏膜炎发生情况,并采用简易癌因性疲乏量表评价患者的疲乏状况,焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评价两组患者的负面情绪,生存质量量表(QLQ-C30)评价两组患者的生活质量.结果 放疗后10 d,观察组患者的口腔黏膜炎整体严重程度轻于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);放疗后10 d,观察组和对照组患者的疲乏评分[(6.12±0.73)分vs(9.31±0.55)分]、SAS评分[(42.09±5.32)分vs(59.73±7.42)分]和SDS评分[(47.23±6.09)分vs(65.84±7.12)分]比较,观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);放疗后10 d,观察组和对照组患者的生活质量中总体健康状况、躯体功能、角色功能、认知功能、情感功能、社会功能等评分值均高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 系统化护理可减少鼻咽癌放疗患者口腔黏膜炎的发生,同时减轻患者负面情绪、提升生活质量,具有积极的临床意义.     

心理干预对肺癌患者生存质量的影响

目的探讨心理干预对肺癌患者心理控制源及生存质量的影响。方法采取病例对照研究方法,将102例临床确诊为原发性肺癌的患者分成二组,一组采用常规化疗方案,另一组在常规化疗的基础上加用心理干预;二组均作了多维度健康状况心理控制源量表、癌症患者化疗生存质量量表等评估。结果1.心理控制源量表中的内控因子、势力因子评分干预组高于对照组(P=0.003～0.009),机遇因子评分干预组低于对照组(P<0.001);2.化疗生存质量评分结果显示,干预组患者的生理功能障碍[(2.65±0.50)分vs(2.86±0.37)分,P=0.024]、心理功能障碍[(2.78±0.25)分vs(3.29±0.31)分,P<0.001]、日常活动影响[(2.23±0.61)分vs(2.73±0.69)分,P<0.001]、社会功能障碍[(2.90±0.52)分vs(3.23±0.53)分,P=0.007]等4方面的评分低于对照组,治疗满意度[(3.49±0.30)分vs(3.14±0.32)分,P=0.001]评分高于对照组。结论心理干预能够改善患者的心理控制源倾向,提高患者的生存质量。     

大中专学生自测健康状况的研究

目的了解大中专学生的自测健康状况。方法采取随机整群抽样方法,选择795名大中专学生应用自测健康评定量表(SRHMS)进行调查。结果大中专学生自测生理、心理、社会健康子量表及其维度终得分和总分在[(61.10±17.93)分~(97.55±4.77)分]之间,其中生理健康子量表的终得分较高,为(83.68±6.57)分;男生自测健康的得分[(62.58±18.71)分~(97.15±5.01)分]普遍高于女生[(59.76±17.13)分~(97.86±4.55)分],且大多数差异具有显著性(P<0.05);对不同文化程度学生的自测健康状况进行比较,在多数的比较项目中,研究生得分[(62.75±18.39)分~(98.63±3.89)分]最高,中专生得分[(58.23±20.10)分~(97.00±4.95)分]次之,大专学生得分[(61.47±15.73)分~(96.80±5.38)分]最低或偏低,本科生在心理健康子量表及其各维度的得分最低,大多数差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论大中专学生自测生理健康状况较好,心理健康和社会健康是今后关注的重点,应加大力度调节大专生和本科生的健康状况。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.