人体乳腺单纯癌癌细胞线粒体及溶酶体形态结构的定量研究

对三例晚期女性乳腺单纯癌癌细胞线粒体、溶酶体１６个形态参数进行体现学统计分析，结果发现癌细胞与正常细胞比较，线粒体、溶酶体的有关体积、表面积、膜面积、面数密度、数密度等１０个形态参数有高度显著和显著差异。并讨论了它们的功能和形态结构变异的定量依据。     

乳腺癌癌细胞线粒体及溶酶体形态参数的多重回归分析

本文对10例晚期乳腺单纯癌细胞线粒体、溶酶体10个形态参数进行了体视学定量研究，并用多重线性回归建立数学表达式y＝1.166－0.001X_1＋0．199X_2－0．036X_3－0．0714X_4－0．0012X_5－0．074X_6－0.775X_7＋0.022X_8＋0.01X_9＋0.427X_10，为乳腺单纯癌的诊断和判定预后提供一种定量方法。     

中期和晚期乳腺单纯癌癌细胞形态结构的体视学分析

用体视学方法对中期、晚期乳腺单纯癌（各20例）的细胞、细胞核、核仁的17个形态参数进行测试分析,发现癌中期组、癌晚期组、正常组之间相互比较,核面密度、核比表面,核平均体积、核平均截面积,核平均周长、核仁平均周长等6个参数有显著和高度显著差异,提示了癌症病人到了晚期细胞核被膜面积明显减小,核体积膨胀更厉害,核仁平均周长都明显减小,晚期癌症病人的预后更差。     

中期和晚期乳腺单纯癌癌细胞器形态参数的逐步判别分析

用体视学方法测出20例中期和20例晚期乳腺单纯癌癌细胞及正常细胞线粒体,溶酶体的16个形态参数,再用逐步判别分析法剔选指标,建立判别函数。结果筛选出细胞器的形态参数为：线粒体的外膜面密度,内膜面密度,嵴膜比表面,面数密度以及溶酶体的单膜面密度,结果表明线粒体的外膜面密度等5个形态参数也许能作为区别不同期乳腺单纯癌的最佳指标。     

人体乳腺癌细胞超微结构的体视学分析及秩和检验

用体视学方法分别对20例中期和20例晚期女性乳腺浸润性硬性单纯癌的四种癌细胞器的23个形态参数进行体视学的统测和秩和计量分析,筛选出区别度最高的3个最佳参数.研究发现最突出的是统计推断出线粒体的3个最佳参数的癌早期参数值,并绘出了分布曲线.最后探讨了线粒体在不同期形态结构的变异程度与患者预后的关系.     

乳腺单纯癌细胞连接变化的形态定量研究

通过光镜和电镜对21例乳腺单纯癌和10例小叶增生病的观察,将其中9例单纯癌和7例小叶增生病的细胞连接变化,用Weibel氏形态定量法进行形态定量对比分析。结果表明:癌细胞的缝隙、桥粒、相嵌、并列和紧密等连接量的减少,与小叶增生病相比,两者差异有显著性。癌细胞连接量的减少与细胞分化程度有关。缝隙连接的减少,显示细胞恶变的开始;桥粒、相嵌和并列连接的减少,显示癌细胞分化程度的变化。减少程度愈高,分化程度愈低;恶性度愈高,侵袭性愈强。     

子宫内膜腺癌核膜厚度的形态定量研究

目的:探讨子宫内膜腺癌演变过程中核膜的形态变化特征.方法:采用体视学方法对子宫内膜增生过长与内膜腺癌腺上皮细胞核膜进行形态定量分析.结果:子宫内膜腺癌腺上皮细胞核表面积密度显著性增大,核膜扩张增厚.结论:核膜增厚可以作为内膜上皮细胞恶变的指标.     

人体侧脑室容量年龄变化的研究

在１３５例正常人体头颅ＣＴ扫描图像上运用体视学方法研究了侧脑室容量的年龄变化。结果为：（１）侧脑室的容量随年龄的增长而逐渐增大，５０岁以后容量显著增大；（２）９月－１０岁组与１１－２０岁组之间，５１－６０岁组与６１－７０岁组之间，２１－５０岁期间侧脑室任人唯贤一无显著性差异；（３）９月－９０岁的蓁各年龄组之间的侧脑室容量均存在显著性差异。     

中晚期乳腺浸润性导管癌癌线粒体及溶酶体的体视学分析

目的：探讨浸润性导管癌中期、晚期乳腺癌癌细胞形态参数的变化。方法：用体视学方法对癌细胞线粒体、溶酶体的16个形态参数进行测试分析。结果：研究发现癌细胞与正常细胞比较，线粒体和溶酶体的比表面、数密度均减小。结论：中晚期癌细胞线粒体、溶酶体的形态结构均发生了显著的变化，线粒体、溶酶体功能急剧下降，这为定量研究各期乳腺浸润性导管癌癌细胞超微结构打下基础。     

人大脑半球皮质体积和表面积的定量研究

应用体视学方法定量研究了成年男、女性各７例大脑半球皮质的体积和表面积。结果表明：（１）男、女性大脑的体积无显著性差异，但男性大脑皮质的体积和表面积显著高于女性。（２）男性左、右侧大脑半球皮质表面积存在显著性差异（左侧大于右侧），在女性未显示出显著性侧别差异。     

Microenvironmental Control of the Breast Cancer Cell Cycle

The mammary gland is one of the best‐studied examples of an organ whose structure and function are influenced by reciprocal signaling and communication between cells and their microenvironment. The mammary epithelial cell (MEC) microenvironment includes stromal cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). Abundant evidence shows that the ECM and growth factors co‐operate to regulate cell cycle progression, and that the ECM is altered in breast tumors. In particular, mammographically dense breast tissue is a significant risk factor for developing breast carcinomas. Dense breast tissue is associated with increased stromal collagen and epithelial cell content. In this article, we overview recent studies addressing the effects of ECM composition on the breast cancer cell cycle. Although the normal breast ECM keeps the MEC cycle in check, the ECM remodeling associated with breast cancer positively regulates the MEC cycle. ECM effects on the downstream biochemical and mechanosignaling pathways in both normal and tumorigenic MECs will be reviewed. Anat Rec, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Breast with Necrosis-like Cell Death: A Case Report

A primary invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast in a 46-year-old woman is reported. Histologically, it was composed predominantly of papillary tumor cell clusters without fibrovascular cores, surrounded by a clear space. Tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK) 7, estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR), but negative for p53, CK 20, CD34, c-Erb-B2, CK5, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vimentin, and c-kit. MUC1 expression was found at the reversed apical membrane of neoplastic cell clusters. Accordingly, electron microscopy showed the lack of basement membrane and presence of microvilli at the basal surface of the tumor cells. Moreover, ultrastructural examination revealed single tumor cell death characterized by patchy condensations of chromatin throughout the nucleus. These nuclear alterations were associated with the occurrence of empty cytoplasmic vacuoles, conferring a necrosis-like phenotype to this cell death. Alternative programmed cell deaths are reviewed and their morphologic distinction is discussed.     

Absence of T Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Breast Cancer Patients Against A Breast Cancer-Derived Target Cell

ABSTRACT: Fresh E-rosette positive lymphocytes from normal donors are not cytotoxic for the breast cancer-derived target cell MDA-157, although they do lyse other suspension and monolayer targets. E-rosette positive cells from breast cancer patients in different stages of disease and from patients with benign breast disease also do not lyse MDA-157. This remains true even when an HLA-A or -B locus antigen is shared by effector and target cell. These data therefore provide no evidence for T cell sensitization in breast cancer patients.     

Glycogen-rich Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Breast An Autopsy Case

An autopsy case of glycogen-rich clear cell carcinoma (GRCCC) which arose in the right breast of a 72 year old woman is reported. Light microscopic examination of the small finger tip-sized tumor revealed solid alveolar proliferation of clear cells containing abundant glycogen. Im-munohistochemically, most of the clear tumor cells were stained for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and alpha lactalbumin, whereas a few eosinophilic tumor cells were positive for S 100 protein, EMA and actin. Electron microscopically, aggregates of glycogen particles, numerous empty glycogen lakes, microvilli, tight junctions and basal lamina were identified. Autopsy disclosed marked metastases to the liver, lung, adrenal, skin and lymph nodes. Primary breast cancer was confirmed by exclusion of a primary at any other site. It is suggested that although rare, GRCCC of the breast is as aggressive as usual invasive ductal carcinoma, and is associated with severe nodal and blood borne metastases, followed by death. Acta Pathol Jpn 39: 469 472, 1989.     

原发性乳腺神经内分泌癌的研究进展

原发性乳腺神经内分泌癌是乳腺癌当中的一种罕见的特殊类型,从其第一次被描述至今已有50余年历史,因业内对其认识的不断改变和加深,诊断标准也多次更新,直到2003年世界卫生组织（WHO）才首次明确了定义和诊断标准。该病发病率低,病例数少,目前对其疾病起源尚无定论,亦无针对性的临床治疗指南或规范,大样本,前瞻性的临床研究也有所缺乏,治疗往往参考非特殊型乳腺癌的方案。本文通过查阅相关文献对原发性乳腺神经内分泌癌目前的研究现状进行综述,以期对未来临床研究方向提供建议和参考,为今后的临床实践提供更多借鉴和帮助。