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1.
Fernanda Spad?o Juliana Gerhardt Thais Guimar?es Frederico Dulley Jo?o Nóbrega de Almeida Junior Marjorie Vieira Batista Maria Aparecida Shikanai-Yasuda Anna Sara Levin Silvia Figueiredo Costa 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(4):325-331
We describe the rate of incidence of Clostridium
difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) in hematologic and patients
undergone stem cell transplant (HSCT) at HC-FMUSP, from January 2007 to June 2011,
using two denominators 1,000 patient and 1,000 days of neutropenia and the risk
factors associated with the severe form of the disease and death. The ELISA method
(Ridascreen-Biopharm, Germany) for the detections of toxins A/B was used to identify
C. difficile. A multivariate analysis was performed to evaluate
potential factors associated with severe CDAD and death within 14 days after the
diagnosis of CDAD, using multiple logistic regression. Sixty-six episodes were
identified in 64 patients among 439 patients with diarrhea during the study period.
CDA rate of incidence varied from 0.78 to 5.45 per 1,000 days of neutropenia and from
0.65 to 5.45 per 1,000 patient-days. The most common underlying disease was acute
myeloid leukemia 30/64 (44%), 32/64 (46%) patients were neutropenic, 31/64 (45%)
undergone allogeneic HSCT, 61/64 (88%) had previously used antibiotics and 9/64 (13%)
have severe CDAD. Most of the patients (89%) received treatment with oral
metronidazole and 19/64 (26%) died. The independent risk factors associated with
death were the severe form of CDAD, and use of linezolid. 相似文献
2.
Ana Beatriz Mori LIMA Lara Stefania Netto de Oliveira LE?O-VASCONCELOS Dayane de Melo COSTA Larissa Oliveira Rocha VILEFORT Maria Cláudia Dantas Porfírio Borges ANDRé Maria Alves BARBOSA Marinésia Aparecida PRADO-PALOS 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2015,57(6):513-514
This cross-sectional study, performed in an oncology hospital in Goiania, aimed to
characterize the prevalence of oral colonization and antimicrobial susceptibility of
Pseudomonas spp. isolated from the saliva of healthcare workers. Microorganisms were
subjected to biochemical tests, susceptibility profile, and phenotypic detection. Of
76 participants colonized with Gram negative bacilli, 12 (15.8%) harbored Pseudomonas
spp. Of all isolates, P. aeruginosa (75.0%), P. stutzeri (16.7%), and P. fluorescens
(8.3%), were resistant to cefoxitin, and therefore likely to be AmpC producers. The
results are clinically relevant and emphasize the importance of surveillance to
minimize bacterial dissemination and multiresistance. 相似文献
3.
MEMBRANE FRACTIONS FROM Strongyloides venezuelensis IN
THE IMMUNODIAGNOSIS OF HUMAN STRONGYLOIDIASIS
Marcelo Andreetta Corral Fabiana Martins Paula Maiara Gottardi Dirce Mary Correia Lima Meisel Pedro Paulo Chieffi Ronaldo César Borges Gryschek 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2015,57(1):77-80
Strongyloides venezuelensis is a parasitic nematode of rodents
frequently used to obtain heterologous antigens for the immunological diagnosis of
human strongyloidiasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate membrane fractions from
S. venezuelensis for human strongyloidiasis immunodiagnosis.
Soluble and membrane fractions were obtained in phosphate saline (SS and SM) and
Tris-HCl (TS and TM) from filariform larvae of S. venezuelensis.
Ninety-two serum samples (n = 92) were obtained from 20 strongyloidiasis patients
(Group I), 32 from patients with other parasitic diseases (Group II), and 40 from
healthy individuals (Group III), and were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA). Soluble fractions (SS and TS) showed 90.0% sensitivity and 88.9%
specificity, whereas the membrane fractions (SM and TM) showed 95.0% sensitivity and
94.4% specificity. The present results suggest the possible use of membrane fractions
of S. venezuelensis as an alternative antigen for human
strongyloidiasis immunodiagnosis. 相似文献
4.
Lara Stefania Netto de Oliveira LE?O-VASCONCELOS Ana Beatriz Mori LIMA Dayane de Melo COSTA Larissa Oliveira ROCHA-VILEFORT Ana Claúdia Alves de OLIVEIRA Nádia Ferreira GON?ALVES José Daniel Gon?alves VIEIRA Marinésia Aparecida PRADO-PALOS 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2015,57(2):121-127
The evaluation of workers as potential reservoirs and disseminators of pathogenic
bacteria has been described as a strategy for the prevention and control of
healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the
presence of Enterobacteriaceae in the oral cavity of workers at an
oncology hospital in the Midwest region of Brazil, as well as to characterize the
phenotypic profile of the isolates. Saliva samples of 294 workers from the hospital’s
healthcare and support teams were collected. Microbiological procedures were
performed according to standard techniques. Among the participants, 55 (18.7%) were
colonized by Enterobacteriaceae in the oral cavity. A total of 64
bacteria were isolated, including potentially pathogenic species. The most prevalent
species was Enterobacter gergoviae (17.2%). The highest rates of
resistance were observed for β-lactams, and 48.4% of the isolates were considered
multiresistant. Regarding the enterobacteria isolated, the production of ESBL and KPC
was negative. Nevertheless, among the 43 isolates of the CESP group, 51.2% were
considered AmpC β-lactamase producers by induction, and 48.8% were hyper-producing
mutants. The significant prevalence of carriers of
Enterobacteriaceae and the phenotypic profile of the isolates
represents a concern, especially due to the multiresistance and production of AmpC
β-lactamases. 相似文献
5.
Patrícia de Souza Bonfim-Mendon?a Adriana Fiorini Cristiane Suemi Shinobu-Mesquita Lilian Cristiane Baeza Maria Aparecida Fernandez Terezinha Inez Estivalet Svidzinski 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2013,55(6):385-391
SUMMARY
Introduction: The majority of nosocomial fungal infections are caused by Candida spp. where C. albicans is the species most commonly identified. Molecular methods are important tools for assessing the origin of the yeasts isolated in hospitals. Methods: This is a study on the genetic profifiles of 39 nosocomial clinical isolates of C. albicans using two typing methods: random amplifified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and microsatellite, two different primers for each technique were used. Results: RAPD provided 10 and 11 different profiles with values for SAB of 0.84 ± 0.126 and 0.88 ± 0.08 for primers M2 and P4, respectively. Microsatellite using two markers, CDC3 and HIS3, allowed the observation of six and seven different alleles, respectively, with combined discriminatory power of 0.91. Conclusions: Although genetic variability is clear, it was possible to identify high similarity, suggesting a common origin for at least a part of isolates. It is important to emphasize that common origin was proven from yeasts isolated from colonization (urine, catheter or endotracheal secretions) and blood culture from the same patient, indicating that the candidemia must have started from a site of colonization. The combination of RAPD and microsatellite provides a quick and efficient analysis for investigation of similarity among nosocomial isolates of C. albicans. 相似文献6.
Vanessa Kummer Perinazzo Oliveira Luciana da Silva Ruiz Nélio Alessandro Jesus Oliveira Débora Moreira Rosane Christine Hahn Analy Salles de Azevedo Melo Angela Satie Nishikaku Claudete Rodrigues Paula 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(4):301-305
Candidemia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the health
care environment. The epidemiology of Candida infection is changing,
mainly in relation to the number of episodes caused by species C.
non-albicans. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate
the frequency of yeasts of the genus Candida, in a four-year period,
isolated from blood of pediatric patients hospitalized in a public hospital of the
city of São Paulo, Brazil. In this period, yeasts from blood of 104 patients were
isolated and, the identified species of Candida by phenotypic and
genotypic methods were: C. albicans (39/104), C.
tropicalis (25/104), C. parapsilosis (23/104),
Pichia anomala (6/104), C. guilliermondii
(5/104), C. krusei (3/104), C. glabrata (2/104) and
C. pararugosa (1/104). During the period of the study, a higher
frequency of isolates of C. non-albicans (63.55%)
(p = 0.0286) was verified. In this study we verified the increase
of the non-albicans species throughout the years (mainly in 2009 and
2010). Thus, considering the peculiarities presented by Candida
species, a correct identification of species is recommended to lead to a faster
diagnosis and an efficient treatment. 相似文献
7.
Maria Teresa Nascimento Silva José Valfrido Santana Gérson Bragagnoli Alexandre Magno da Nóbrega Marinho Elizabeth Malague?o 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(5):451-454
There is a clear need to perform epidemiological studies to find the
true prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica around the world. The
evaluation of this prevalence has been hindered by the existence of two
different species which are morphologically identical, but genetically
different, namely E. histolytica, which causes amebiasis, and
E. dispar, which is non-pathogenic. In Brazil, the
E. dispar has been detected in communities in the
Southeastern (SE) and Northeastern (NE) regions with poor
sanitation. However, individuals infected with E. histolytica
have been identified in other regions. There is an absence of reports on the
prevalence of these parasites in the state of Paraíba, which also has areas
with poor sanitary conditions where a high prevalence of the E.
histolytica/E. dispar complex has been detected in children
from urban slums. The present study evaluated the prevalence of E.
histolytica and E. dispar in 1,195 asymptomatic
children between two and 10 years of age, living in a sprawling urban slum in
Campina Grande, in the state of Paraíba, in Northeastern Brazil. These
children were examined and their feces samples were analyzed microscopically. A
total of 553 children tested positive for the E. histolytica/E.
dispar complex, and 456 of the positive samples were tested with
the E. histolytica II® ELISA kit. All 456 samples were
negative for the presence of the adhesin E. histolytica
specific antigen. The evidence suggests that in this community E.
histolytica is absent and E. dispar is the
dominant species. 相似文献
8.
Eduardo Alexandre Loth Samia Khalil Biazim José Henrique Fermino Ferreira dos Santos Rosana Puccia Rosimeire Costa Brancalh?o Lucinéia de Fátima Chasco Rinaldo Ferreira Gandra Rita de Cássia Garcia Sim?o Marcello Fabiano de Franco 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(3):259-264
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is caused by the dimorphic fungus
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (Pb) and corresponds to prevalent
systemic mycosis in Latin America. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the
dose response effect of the fungal yeast phase for the standardization of an
experimental model of septic arthritis. The experiments were performed with groups of
14 rats that received doses of 103, 104 or 105
P. brasiliensis (Pb18) cells. The fungi were injected in 50 µL of
phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) directly into the knee joints of the animals. The
following parameters were analyzed in this work: the formation of swelling in knees
infused with yeast cells and the radiological and anatomopathological alterations,
besides antibody titer by ELISA. After 15 days of infection, signs of inflammation
were evident. At 45 days, some features of damage and necrosis were observed in the
articular cartilage. The systemic dissemination of the fungus was observed in 11% of
the inoculated animals, and it was concluded that the experimental model is able to
mimic articular PCM in humans and that the dose of 105 yeast cells can be
used as standard in this model. 相似文献
9.
Deborah V. ESPINOSA-MARTíNEZ Daniel Sokani SáNCHEZ-MONTES Livia LEóN-PANIAGUA César A. RíOS-MU?OZ Miriam BERZUNZA-CRUZ Ingeborg BECKER 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2015,57(2):181-183
Leptospira interrogans has been identified to cause leptospirosis, a
widespread zoonotic disease that has been identified in domestic and wild animals.
This work analyzed kidneys from two species of wild rodents from the state of
Campeche, Mexico. Analyses were made by PCR using specific primers for detection of
Leptospira interrogans DNA. The rodent species that tested
positive were Heteromys gaumeri and Ototylomys
phyllotis, both of which are new hosts for the bacteria in Southeastern
Mexico. These records provide new insights into the disease’s transmission that
should be studied carefully in order to identify other potential host species,
including humans, which are at risk of becoming infected if they are in contact with
infected wildlife. 相似文献
10.
Antonella Souza Mattei Sydney Hartz Alves Cecília Bittencourt Severo Luciana da Silva Guazzelli Flávio de Mattos Oliveira Luiz Carlos Severo 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(6):483-485
Candida albicans is often isolated from clinical
samples, thus its presumptive differentiation from other species of the same
genus can be based on its ability to form the germ tube in human serum.
Nevertheless, there are two other species that share this characteristic:
C. dubliniensis and C. africana. The aim
of this study was to compare four different substrates to perform the germ tube
(GT) test. The Candida spp. isolates were identified
using a manual system (135 C. albicans, 24 C.
tropicalis and one C. dubliniensis). The germ
tube test was performed with fresh, previously frozen serum and Mueller-Hinton
(MH) broth and agar. GT was observed in 96%
(130/136) of the isolates through the fresh serum technique,
94% (128/136) through previously frozen serum, 92%
(125/136) in MH agar, and 90% (122/136) in MH
broth. The sensitivity of each test was higher than 90%, with 100%
specificity. Both the MH agar and broth were able to identify the true
positives, and false positives were not found. However, some C.
albicans isolates were not identified. MH agar and broth may be
used in laboratory for the rapid presumptive identification of C.
albicans, as an alternative method for germ tube test. 相似文献
11.
Elsy Nalleli Loría-Cervera Fernando José Andrade-Narváez 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(1):1-11
Leishmaniasis remains a major public health problem worldwide and is
classified as Category I by the TDR/WHO, mainly due to the absence of control. Many
experimental models like rodents, dogs and monkeys have been developed, each with
specific features, in order to characterize the immune response to
Leishmania species, but none reproduces the pathology observed in
human disease. Conflicting data may arise in part because different parasite strains
or species are being examined, different tissue targets (mice footpad, ear, or base
of tail) are being infected, and different numbers (“low” 1×102 and “high”
1×106) of metacyclic promastigotes have been inoculated. Recently, new
approaches have been proposed to provide more meaningful data regarding the host
response and pathogenesis that parallels human disease. The use of sand fly saliva
and low numbers of parasites in experimental infections has led to mimic natural
transmission and find new molecules and immune mechanisms which should be considered
when designing vaccines and control strategies. Moreover, the use of wild rodents as
experimental models has been proposed as a good alternative for studying the
host-pathogen relationships and for testing candidate vaccines. To date, using
natural reservoirs to study Leishmania infection has been
challenging because immunologic reagents for use in wild rodents are lacking. This
review discusses the principal immunological findings against
Leishmania infection in different animal models highlighting the
importance of using experimental conditions similar to natural transmission and
reservoir species as experimental models to study the immunopathology of the
disease. 相似文献
12.
Li? Bárbara Arruda Marilia Ladeira de Araújo Maira Luccia Martinez Claudio Roberto Gonsalez Alberto José da Silva Duarte Eoin Coakley Yolanda Lie Jorge Casseb 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(4):287-290
The clinical application of CCR5 antagonists involves first determining
the coreceptor usage by the infecting viral strain. Bioinformatics programs that
predict coreceptor usage could provide an alternative method to screen candidates for
treatment with CCR5 antagonists, particularly in countries with limited financial
resources. Thus, the present study aims to identify the best approach using
bioinformatics tools for determining HIV-1 coreceptor usage in clinical practice.
Proviral DNA sequences and Trofile results from 99 HIV-1-infected subjects under
clinical monitoring were analyzed in this study. Based on the Trofile results, the
viral variants present were 81.1% R5, 21.4% R5X4 and 1.8% X4. Determination of
tropism using a Geno2pheno[coreceptor] analysis with a false positive rate
of 10% gave the most suitable performance in this sampling: the R5 and X4 strains
were found at frequencies of 78.5% and 28.4%, respectively, and there was 78.6%
concordance between the phenotypic and genotypic results. Further studies are needed
to clarify how genetic diversity amongst virus strains affects bioinformatics-driven
approaches for determining tropism. Although this strategy could be useful for
screening patients in developing countries, some limitations remain that restrict the
wider application of coreceptor usage tests in clinical practice. 相似文献
13.
TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION MIGHT INCREASE THE RISK OF INVASIVE CANDIDIASIS IN
AN IMMUNOCOMPETENT PATIENT
Xiao-Hua CHEN Yun-Chao GAO Yi ZHANG Zheng-Hao TANG Yong-Sheng YU Guo-Qing ZANG 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2015,57(3):273-275
Deep Candida infections commonly occur in immunosuppressed patients.
A rare case of a multiple deep organ infection with Candida
albicansand spinal tuberculosis was reported in a healthy young man. The
19-year-old man complained of month-long fever and lower back pain. He also had a
history of scalded mouth syndrome. Coinfection with Mycobacterium
tuberculosis and Candida albicans was diagnosed using
the culture of aspirates from different regions. Symptoms improved considerably after
antifungal and antituberculous therapy. This case illustrates that infection with
tuberculosis might impair the host''s immune system and increase the risk of invasive
candidiasis in an immunocompetent patient. 相似文献
14.
Ralciane de Paula MENEZES Joseane Cristina FERREIRA Walkiria Machado de Sá Tomaz de Aquino MOREIRA Lucivania Duarte Silva MALVINO Lucio Borges de ARAUJO Denise Von Dolinger de Brito R?DER Mario Paulo Amante PENATTI Regina Celia CANDIDO Reginaldo dos Santos PEDROSO 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2015,57(3):185-191
Infections by Candida species are a high-impact problem in public
health due to their wide incidence in hospitalized patients. The goal of this study
was to evaluate frequency, susceptibility to antifungals, and genetic polymorphism of
Candida species isolated from clinical specimens of hospitalized
patients. The Candida isolates included in this study were obtained
from blood cultures, abdominal fluids, and central venous catheters (CVC) of
hospitalized patients at the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of
Uberlândia during the period of July 2010 - June 2011. Susceptibility tests were
conducted by the broth microdilution method. The RAPD-PCR tests used employed
initiator oligonucleotides OPA09, OPB11, and OPE06. Of the 63
Candida isolates, 18 (28.5%) were C. albicans,
20 (31.7%) were C. parapsilosis complex species, 14 (22.2%)
C. tropicalis, four (6.4%) C. glabrata, four
(6.4%) C. krusei, two (3.3%) C. kefyr, and one
(1.6%) C. lusitaniae. In vitro resistance to
amphotericin B was observed in 12.7% of isolates. In vitroresistance
to azoles was not detected, except for C. krusei. The two primers,
OPA09 and OPB11, were able to distinguish different species. Isolates of C.
albicans and C. parapsilosis complex species presented
six and five clusters, respectively, with the OPA09 marker by RAPD-PCR, showing the
genetic variability of the isolates of those species. It was concluded that members
of the C. parapsilosis complex were the most frequent species found,
and most isolates were susceptible to the antifungals amphotericin B, flucozanole,
and itraconazole. High genetic polymorphisms were observed for isolates of C.
albicans and C. parapsilosis complex species, mainly
with the OPA09 marker. 相似文献
15.
Ludmila Nakamura Rapado Priscila Orechio de Moraes Lopes Lydia Fumiko Yamaguchi Eliana Nakano 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2013,55(6):421-424
SUMMARY
Schistosomiasis is a neglected disease with public health importance in tropical and subtropical regions. An alternative to the disease control is the use of molluscicides to eliminate or reduce the intermediate host snail population causing a reduction of transmission in endemic regions. In this study nine extracts from eight Piperaceae species were evaluated against Biomphalaria glabrata embryos at blastula stage. The extracts were evaluated in concentrations ranging from 100 to 10 mg/L. Piper crassinervium and Piper tuberculatum extracts were the most active (100% of mortality at 20 mg/L and 30 mg/L respectively). 相似文献16.
Ruth Estela Gravato Rowlands Christiane Asturiano Ristori Alice A. Ikuno Maria Luisa Barbosa Miyoko Jakabi Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo Franco 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(6):461-467
Salmonella is the most common etiological agent of
cases and outbreaks of foodborne diarrheal illnesses. The emergence and spread
of Salmonella spp., which has become multi-drug resistant and
potentially more pathogenic, have increased the concern with this pathogen. In
this study, 237 Salmonella spp., associated or not with
foodborne salmonellosis in Brazil, belonging mainly to serotype Enteritidis,
were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of the virulence
genes spvC, invA, sefA and
pefA. Of the isolates, 46.8% were sensitive to all
antimicrobials and 51.9% were resistant to at least one antimicrobial
agent. Resistance to more than one antimicrobial agent was observed in
10.5% of the strains. The highest rates of resistance were observed for
streptomycin (35.9%) and nalidixic acid (16.9%).
No strain was resistant to cefoxitin, cephalothin, cefotaxime, amikacin,
ciprofloxacin and imipenem. The invA gene was detected in all
strains. Genes spvC and pefA were found in
48.1% and 44.3% of strains, respectively. The gene
sefA was detected in 31.6% of the strains and only
among S. Enteritidis. Resistance and virulence determinants
were detected in Salmonella strains belonging to several
serotypes. The high rates of antibiotic-resistance in strains isolated from
poultry products demonstrate the potential risk associated with the consumption
of these products and the need to ensure good food hygiene practices from farm
to table to reduce the spread of pathogens relevant to public health. 相似文献
17.
Evandro Monteiro de Sá Magalh?es Carla de Fátima Ribeiro Carla Silva Damaso Luiz Felipe Leomil Coelho Roberta Ribeiro Silva Eric Batista Ferreira Maria Rita Rodrigues Zoilo Pires de Camargo Tania Regina Gr?o Velloso Luiz Cosme Cotta Malaquias 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(4):281-285
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of paracoccidioidal infection
by intradermal reaction (Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity, DTH) to
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in rural areas in Alfenas, Southern
Minas Gerais (MG) State, Brazil, and to assess risk factors (gender, occupation, age,
alcohol intake and smoking) associated with infection. We conducted a
population-based cross-sectional study using intradermal tests with gp 43
paracoccidioidin in 542 participants, who were previously contacted by local health
agents and so spontaneously attended the test. Participants underwent an interview by
filling out a registration form with epidemiological data and were tested with an
intradermal administration of 0.1 mL of paracoccidioidin in the left forearm. The
test was read 48 hours after injection and was considered positive if induration was
greater than or equal to 5 mm. Out of 542 participants, 46.67% were positive to the
skin test. Prevalence increased in accordance with an increase of age. There was
statistical significance only for males. Occupation, alcohol intake and smoking
habits were not significantly associated with the risk of paracoccidioidomycosis
infection. There is relevance of paracoccidioidomycosis infection in such rural
areas, which suggests that further epidemiological and clinical studies on this
mycosis should be done in the southern part of Minas Gerais State. 相似文献
18.
Fernanda Cristina Possamai Rossatto Letícia Auler Proen?a Ana Paula Becker Alessandro Conrado de Oliveira Silveira Juliana Caier?o Pedro Alves D'azevedo 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(6):469-472
INTRODUCTION: Methicillin-Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presenting reduced
susceptibility to vancomycin has been associated to therapeutic failure. Some
methods used by clinical laboratories may not be sufficiently accurate to detect
this phenotype, compromising results and the outcome of the patient.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance of methods in the
detection of vancomycin MIC values among clinical isolates of MRSA.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Vancomycin Minimal Inhibitory
Concentration was determined for 75 MRSA isolates from inpatients of Mãe de
Deus Hospital, Porto Alegre, Brazil. The broth microdilution (BM) was
used as the gold-standard technique, as well as the following methods:
E-test® strips (BioMérieux),
M.I.C.E® strips (Oxoid), PROBAC®
commercial panel and the automated system MicroScan®
(Siemens). Besides, the agar screening test was carried out with 3
µg/mL of vancomycin.
RESULTS: All isolates presented MIC ≤ 2
µg/mL for BM. E-test® had higher concordance
(40%) in terms of global agreement with the gold standard, and
there was not statistical difference among E-test® and broth
microdilution results. PROBAC® panels presented MICs, in
general, lower than the gold-standard panels (58.66% major
errors), while M.I.C.E.® MICs were higher (67.99%
minor errors).
CONCLUSIONS: For the population of MRSA in question,
E-test® presented the best performance, although with a
heterogeneous accuracy, depending on MIC values. 相似文献
19.
20.
Guilherme Almeida Rosa da Silva Thiago de Oliveira Boechat Fernando Raphael de Almeida Ferry Jorge Francisco da Cunha Pinto Marcelo Costa Velho Mendes de Azevedo Ricardo de Souza Carvalho Rogerio Neves Motta Mariana Ferreira Veras 《Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de S?o Paulo》2014,56(1):81-84
Visceral leishmaniasis is an anthropozoonosis that is caused by protozoa
of the genus Leishmania, especially Leishmania
(Leishmania) infantum, and is transmitted to
humans by the bite of sandflies of the genus Lutzomyia, such as
Lutzomyia longipalpis. There are many reservoirs, including
Canis familiaris. It is a chronic infectious disease with
systemic involvement that is characterized by three phases: the initial period, the
state period and the final period. The main symptoms are fever, malnutrition,
hepatosplenomegaly, and pancytopenia. This article reports a case of a patient
diagnosed with visceral leishmaniasis in the final period following autochthonous
transmission in the urban area of Rio de Janeiro. The case reported here is
considered by the Municipal Civil Defense and Health Surveillance of Rio de Janeiro
to be the first instance of autochthonous visceral leishmaniasis in humans in the
urban area of this city. The patient was discharged and is undergoing a follow-up at
the outpatient clinic, demonstrating clinical improvement. 相似文献