共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
1093年,Crile等首次报道,给心脏骤停的狗静脉注射肾上腺素,其复苏成功率较单纯人工换气和心脏按压时显著增高。60年代,Reding等〔1〕研究证实,对心脏骤停的动物注射肾上腺素可促进其恢复自主循环。目前国内外学者公认,在抢救心脏骤停病人时,肾上腺素应作为心肺复苏的首选药物。近年来,心肺复苏时肾上腺素应用剂量问题已成为讨论的热点之一。作者结合自己的临床实践,就肾上腺素在心肺复苏中的应用问题综述如下。1 肾上腺素的剂量问题 现行的标准剂量是60年代美国Reding和Pearson对心脏骤停的动物进行实验治疗后提出的。根据实验,美国心… 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
8.
心力衰竭时血压过低是医生棘手的问题,它可能是心肌严重病损心肌收缩功能障碍所致,也可能是药物治疗减低心脏前后负荷所致,或两者相加的结果,另外有效循环血容量不足也应注意,这多由于利尿剂过量或液体摄入过少或丢失过多所致。 相似文献
9.
心肺复苏(CPR)是抢救危重急症病人的重要措施。近年来,CPR时药物应用有一定进展,特别是大剂量肾上腺素(HDE)的应用已成为热门话题。现就CPR时肾上腺素应用进展综述如下。1 给药途径的选择 CPR时,给药途径主要有三种:即心内注射、静脉给药和气管给药。近几年来,心内注射已逐渐被气管和静脉给药所替代。因为长期临床实践发现:(1)心内注射时必须停止胸外心脏按压,对心、脑和肾器官的供血有严重影响,往往使复苏失败;(2)如药物误入心肌内,可引起心肌严重损伤以至坏死;(3)穿刺不当可造成冠状动脉损伤、气胸、心包积血和心包压塞〔1〕。… 相似文献
10.
杠杆吸盘式心肺复苏器复苏抢救时的心电图观察北京武警总医院心内科王立祥,张承英,张健鹏,王发强,汪琪(北京100039)关键词心肺复苏器,心脏骤停,心电图我们应用自行设计的杠杆吸盘式心肺复苏器,进行了一系列心脏骤停患者的抢救观察。现将13例患者的心电图... 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
医院内进行心肺复苏培训的常见问题及对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:总结医院内医务人员进行心肺复苏操作中的常见问题,提出相应的应对措施并组织培训,评估培训效果,建立一套提高心肺复苏成功率的培训方法。方法:根据2005年国际心肺复苏指南的基本内容,制定徒手心肺复苏评分标准,对全院参训人员进行考核,比较培训前后的合格率。结果:全院共592人参加考核及培训,80分以上的合格率由培训前的70.1%上升到培训后的90.2%(P〈0.05)。结论:通过有针对性的心肺复苏培训,能显著提高医院内医务人员进行心肺复苏的有效率。 相似文献
14.
目的观察布美他尼对心脏骤停复苏后大鼠海马神经细胞水通道蛋白一4(AQP4)表达及凋亡的影响。方法将40只成年雄性健康的SD大鼠随机分为3组:空白对照组、心肺复苏组、布美他尼干预组。空白对照组只行气管插管、股动脉置管等操作,机械通气1h后处死取脑。心肺复苏组在行气管插管、股动脉置管等操作后,建立窒息致心脏骤停复苏模型。复苏后至观察时间点处死取脑。布美他尼组在心肺复苏组的基础上在复苏后立即予布美他尼干预,至观察时间点处死大鼠取脑。利用实时逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT—PCR)技术测定各组大鼠海马组织AQP4mRNA和天冬氨酸特异性半胱氨酸蛋白酶3(caspase-3)mRNA的表达量,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果心肺复苏组的AQP4mRNA和caspase-3mRNA表达量较空白对照组有显著升高(P〈0.05),同时布美他尼组AQP4mRNA和caspase-3mRNA表达量较相对应观察时间点的心肺复苏组有明显下降(P〈0.05)。结论布美他尼能抑制心脏骤停复苏后引起的脑神经细胞AQP4的表达,并能减少神经细胞的凋亡。 相似文献
15.
目的 研究药物联合正念减压治疗对广泛性焦虑障碍(generalized anxiety disorder,GAD)的效果。方法 收集2017-06至2019-05入院的GAD患者76例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,各38例,两组均给予常规精神科心理指导及系统药物治疗,研究组同时给予正念减压疗法,治疗时间2个月。比较治疗前后两组的焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)[5]、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA)[6],抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)[7]、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI)得分。结果 两组患者治疗前SAS、SDS、HAMA总分均值比较,差异均无统计学意义;两组患者治疗后与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组治疗后SAS、SDS、HAMA总分均值与对照组比较,明显下降,差异有统计学意义(t=3.14,P<0.05)。治疗后研究组PSQI各因子均值均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 药物联合正念减压治疗比单纯药物治疗更能缓解GAD焦虑抑郁症状,改善睡眠水平,提高生活质量。 相似文献
16.
目的探讨长航人员功能性便秘(functional constipation,FC)的患病情况及枯草杆菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊联合莫沙必利干预性治疗的效果观察。方法采用整群分层抽样方法分别于长航前后对1 298名任务官兵进行问卷调查,调查问卷采用罗马Ⅲ标准流行病学调查问卷,有180例诊断为FC,随机分为联合治疗组(枯草杆菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊联合莫沙必利治疗,83例)和对照组(单纯用莫沙必利治疗,97例)。结果任务官兵FC患病率高达13.87%,经过药物治疗后2组便秘症状均有明显改善;同组比较观察指标较治疗前均明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。组间比较,联合治疗组较对照组改善更为明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。联合治疗组总有效率为91.57%,对照组总有效率为62.89%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论枯草杆菌二联活菌肠溶胶囊联合莫沙必利对长航官兵FC治疗疗效显著,值得临床推广。 相似文献
17.
18.
Miriam A. Bredella MD Reza Hosseini Ghomi MSE Bijoy J. Thomas MD Karen K. Miller MD Martin Torriani MD MSc 《Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI》2010,32(2):388-393
Purpose:
To compare correlations of intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) measured by short and long echo‐time proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) with indices of body composition and insulin resistance in obese and normal‐weight women.Materials and Methods:
We quantified IMCL of tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SOL) muscles in 52 premenopausal women (37 obese and 15 normal weight) using single‐voxel 1H‐MRS PRESS at 3.0 T with short (30 msec) and long (144 msec) echo times. Statistical analyses were performed to determine correlations of IMCL with body composition as determined by computed tomography (CT) and insulin resistance indices and to compare correlation coefficients from short and long echo‐time data. Signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), linewidth, and coefficients of variation (CV) of short and long echo‐time spectra were calculated.Results:
Short and long echo‐time IMCL from TA and SOL significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) and abdominal fat depots (r = 0.32 to 0.70, P = <0.05), liver density (r = ?0.39 to ?0.50, P < 0.05), and glucose area under the curve as a measure of insulin resistance (r = 0.47 to 0.49, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between correlation coefficients of short and long echo‐time spectra (P > 0.5). Short echo‐time IMCL in both muscles showed significantly higher SNR (P < 0.0001) and lower CVs when compared to long echo‐time acquisitions. Linewidth measures were not significantly different between groups.Conclusion:
IMCL quantification using short and long echo‐time 1H‐MRS at 3.0 T is useful to detect differences in muscle lipid content in obese and normal‐weight subjects. In addition, IMCL correlates with body composition and markers of insulin resistance in this population with no significant difference in correlations between short and long echo‐times. Short echo‐time IMCL quantification of TA and SOL muscles at 3.0 T was superior to long echo‐time due to better SNR and better reproducibility. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:388–393. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.19.
目的:探讨安络血(肾上腺色腙)胃管内给药联合质子泵抑制剂治疗上消化道大出血的临床疗效。方法:对上消化道大出血的患者,经胃管内给予安络血(50mg/次,1次/2h,连续12~24h),并联合质子泵抑制剂,与传统治疗方法的疗效进行对比。结果:安络血胃管内给药联合质子泵抑制剂对门脉高压以外的上消化道大出血疗效优于传统治疗方法(P〈0.05),但对门脉高压所致的上消化道大出血效果不明显。结论:安络血胃管内给药联合质子泵抑制剂对门脉高压以外的上消化道大出血效果较好,具有一定的临床应用价值。 相似文献
20.
Julio Carballido-Gamio Thomas M Link Sharmila Majumdar 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》2008,59(6):1472-1477
MR relaxation time measurements of knee cartilage have shown potential to characterize knee osteoarthritis (OA). In this work, techniques that allow localized intra- and inter-subject comparisons of cartilage relaxation times, as well as cartilage flattening for texture analysis parallel and perpendicular to the natural cartilage layers, are presented. The localized comparisons are based on the registration of bone structures and the assignment of relaxation time feature vectors to each point in the bone-cartilage interface. Cartilage flattening was accomplished with Bezier splines and warping, and texture analysis was performed with second-order texture measures using gray-level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM). In a cohort of five normal subjects the performance and reproducibility of the techniques were evaluated using T1rho maps of femoral knee cartilage. The feasibility of creating a mean cartilage relaxation time map is also presented. Successful localized intra- and inter-subject T1rho comparisons were obtained with reproducibility similar to that reported in the literature for regional T2. Improvement of the reproducibility of GLCM features was obtained by flattening the T1rho maps. The results indicate that the presented techniques have potential in longitudinal and population studies of knee OA at different stages of the disease. 相似文献