Verbal satiation: Notes on procedure,with speculations on its mechanism of effect

The use of repetitive verbalization of deviant sexual fantasies to reduce deviant sexual arousal is the focus of this article. The similarity of the described producedure to other techniques designed to suppress or eliminate a wide range of undesirable behaviors is noted. Verbal satiation is quite similar to masturbatory satiation and the differences are compared. The verbal satiation technique is described, along with suggestions for improving its efficacy. The mechanism of effect is discussed, with emphasis on conditioned inhibition as the best explanation. Verbal satiation is compared to three types of aversive conditioning procedures to show that its operation and effects more closely resemble traditional satiation techniques. Maintenance of treatment effects in behavior therapy are discussed. It is concluded that, given its simplicity and the strong support for satiation techniques in the behavior therapy literature, verbal satiation to reduce deviant sexual arousal should be given a more extensive empirical evaluation.     

Olfactory Aversion: Notes on Procedure,with Speculations on its Mechanism of Effect

The use of a self-administered noxious agent to suppress deviant sexual arousal is the focus of this paper. A recommended procedure for the use of olfactory aversion is described. Data from two publications by the author, wherein different noxious agents had been used, are presented and discussed. Several explanations for the mechanism of effect in olfactory aversion have been offered. Two of these, one using a nausea-producing agent and one using a pain-producing agent are described. The procedure using the pain-producing agent is the simplest to implement, the least ambiguous, and offers the least cumbersome explanation for the behavioral effect observed in olfactory aversion. However, a conditioning explanation is probably too simple. Several examples of cognitive mediation in conditioning procedures are presented and discussed.     

Scarab Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeidae) of Vidarbha,India, with Notes on Distribution

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences - Surveys for collection of scarab beetles of different habitats of the Vidarbha region of Central India were...     

Notes on the Ena and U antigens of Ena(En.OP) heterozygotes, and the U antigen of En(a−−) individuals

Using two anti-Ena antibodies, from which anti-Wrb had been removed, and anti-U antibodies, the authors have failed to demonstrate any difference in the amounts of Ena and U antigens on the red blood cells of individuals with one and two functioning Ena(En.OP) genes. Two En(a– ) samples, one from an individual who is En/En (En.op/En.op) and the other En/Mk (En.op/Mk), could not be distinguished from U-positive samples from individuals with two functioning U (U.OP) genes in dosage studies with anti-U.     

Radiologic diagnosis of Crohn disease (with emphasis on its early manifestations)

Crohn disease can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. The early manifestations of the disease are readily recognizable in the colon if double-contrast technique is employed. Small bowel and gastroduodenal involvement in the early stages have been less frequently identified, but enteroclysis and double-contrast UGI examination have yielded encouraging results. There is some evidence that failure to utilize the double-contrast barium enema and enteroclysis contributes to delay in diagnosis of Crohn disease. Use of these more sophisticated techniques is encouraged. As follow-up radiography in Crohn disease appears less indicated than previously considered, it is particularly important that initial assessment employs the most sensitive and accurate radiographic techniques available.     

The "volumetric" pulsatility index as evaluated by spatiotemporal imaging correlation (STIC): a preliminary description of a novel technique, its application to the endometrium and an evaluation of its reproducibility

We propose new volumetric indices derived from three-dimensional (3-D) power Doppler (PD) using spatiotemporal imaging correlation (STIC) to overcome the influence of machine settings and attenuation. In this study, we describe these indices and evaluate their interobserver reliability: two static-3-D and two STIC PD datasets were acquired from 60 women and two observers (blinded analysis) evaluated vascularization index (VI), the flow index (FI) and the vascularization flow index (VFI) of standardized spherical samples of endometrium. Three new indices were determined based on maximum, minimum and mean values (vPI, vRI_max-min, vS/D_max-min) and two indices from frames subjectively defined as systole and diastole (vRI_sys-dia, vS/D_sys-dia). Highest intraclass coefficient correlations (ICCs) were obtained from vPI derived from VI or VFI (0.77-0.76), followed by vRI_max-min (0.72-0.72) and vS/D_max-min (0.52-0.49). ICCs from indices based on subjectively systole and diastole or FI were consistently lower (<0.40). We conclude that the subjective choice of systolic and diastolic frames only lacks reliability but indices based on complete evaluation may reliably be used.     

Studies on the Fireblight Beetle,Pyrgoides orphana (Erichson) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and its Effect on the Growth of Silver Wattle in Tasmania

Pyrgoides orphana (Erichson) severely defoliates large areas of silver wattle (Acacia dealbata Link) in Tasmania, particularly in the Florentine Valley region. Attacked trees are often completely stripped of all foliage during the winter months by the larval stages of this beetle.

The life history of P. orphana is described and an account of the effect of defoliation on growth of silver wattle over an 18 year period is presented. There is a marked reduction in height increment following P. orphana outbreaks and repeated defoliation has killed many trees. Diameter growth has been retarded and no increment has occurred in the period 1974–77.

The significance of P. orphana is discussed in relation to its direct effect on the growth of silver wattle and the possible secondary effects of reducing competition of wattle with other commercial forest species.