2型糖尿病心脏自主神经病变的心率变异性分析

目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者心率变异性(HRV)的改变。方法观察36例T2DM患者(T2DM组)及34例健康成年人(对照组)24 h动态心电图HRV的长程时域分析和频域分析。结果 T2DM组HRV各指标均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 HRV降低是检测T2DM患者早期心脏自主神经病变的一种敏感、方便和简单的方法。     

高血压合并2型糖尿病对心率变异性的影响

【摘要】目的探讨原发性高血压（EH）合并2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者自主神经功能受损状况及心率变异性的临床特点。方法随机选取本院内科住院的50例EH患者为EH组．50例EH合并T2DM患者为EH＋DM组。分别行24h动态心电图记录,对比两组心率变异性（HRV）指标。结果EH＋DM组的SDNN、SDANN、RMSSD明显低于EH组（P〈0．05）;EH组和EH＋DM组的PNN50相比,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论原发性高血压合并2型糖尿病患者自主神经功能明显受损。     

中老年原发性高血压与2型糖尿病患者心率变异性研究

目的：探讨原发性高血压（EH）、2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者心率变异性的临床特点。方法选取63例 EH 患者（EH 组）、70例 T2DM患者（T2DM组）和72例健康者（N 组）进行动态心电图（AECG）心率变异性（HRV）时域分析,监测 AECG 全部正常心动周期的标准差（SDNN）,相邻正常 R-R 间期差值均方根（RMSSD）,相邻 R-R 间期差值大于50 ms 的百分比（PNN50）。结果心率变异性时域指标 SDNN 组间比较显示,EH 组（107．9±33．2）ms、T2DM组（110．2±37．7）ms 明显均低于 N 组（122．3±31．9）ms,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）,而 EH 组和 T2DM组的 SDNN 比较,差异无统计学意义。同时三组间的RMSSD 和 PNN50比较,差异均无统计学意义。结论EH、T2DM中老年患者的 SDNN 减低,提示自主神经功能有病变。     

心率变异评价2型糖尿病合并高血压患者的自主神经功能

目的通过检测心率变异（HRV）探讨2型糖尿病合并高血压患者的自主神经功能变化。方法选择确诊2型糖尿病无高血压的24例住院患者为2型糖尿病组（T2DM）,2型糖尿病合并高血压的患者22例为T2DM并高血压组（T2DM-HT）,非糖尿病、高血压病的住院患者20例为对照组（Con）,全部患者进行24 h动态心电图及HRV分析。结果 T2DM及T2DM-HT组患者HRV的各时域指标均小于对照组（P〈0.05）,而与T2DM组相比,T2DM-HT组患者HRV各时域指标进一步降低（P〈0.05）。结论 T2DM患者存在HRV的降低,而高血压则进一步加重HRV的降低,提示高血压促进T2DM患者自主神经病变的发生发展。     

2型糖尿病并发冠心病心率变异性分析

目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)并发冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(CHD)患者心率变异性(HRV)改变特点及其临床意义。方法选择T2DM患者62例,按照有无并发CHD分为两组(A、B组),另选择24例健康人为对照组(C组),各组均进行动态心电图监测,分析24 h HRV时域指标,测定结果进行组间比较。结果单纯T2DM组(B组)和并发CHD组(A组)的HRV时域各项指标均低于对照组(P<0.05);A组患者HRV时域各项指标低于B组(P<0.05)。结论 T2DM患者存在HRV异常,并发CHD患者HRV异常更为显著。提示HRV检查可作为T2DM及并发CHD患者衡量其心脏自主神经损害的一个有效的无创方法,有助于预测恶性心血管事件的发生。     

高血压合并糖尿病患者心律变异分析

目的 探讨高血压病合并糖尿病患者的自主神经活动特点。方法 对46例健康者,59例原发性高血压（EH）,27例糖尿病（DM）和14例EH＋DM患者的心率变异性（HRV）进行了对比研究。结果 高血压病和糖尿病患者的心率变异性均低于正常人,以高血压病＋糖尿病患者降低最明显。结论 高血压病、糖尿病患者的自主神经活动受损,高血压病＋糖尿病患者更加明显,其迷走神经张力降低,交感神经张力相对增高,发生心源性猝死的危险性增加。     

老年2型糖尿病心脏自主神经功能与心率变异性关系的研究

目的探讨耱尿病患者的心率变异性(HRV)及其在诊断自主神经病变(ANP)方面的意义。方法设观察组(糖尿病组)和对照组(非糖尿病组)各30例。两组均测定时域分析的各参数。结果糖尿病组的心率变异性比非糖尿病组显著降低。结论检测糖尿病的心率变异性可早期敏感诊断老年2型糖尿病患者心脏自主神经功能病变。     

老年2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者心率变异性与心脏自主神经病变研究

目的研究老年2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者心率变异性(HRV)与心脏自主神经病变关系。方法单纯2型糖尿病患者31例(Ⅰ组),2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者30例(Ⅱ组),健康对照组31例(Ⅲ组),动态心电图检测每例HRV时域指标,三组对比分析。结果三组HRV降低发生率分别为48.4%、73.3%、3.2%,差异具有统计学意义;三组SDNN、SDANN Index、SDNN Index各组间比较差异均具有统计学意义;rMSSD、PNN50Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组比较差异具有统计学意义,Ⅰ组与Ⅲ组比较差异无统计学意义。结论老年2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者HRV显著降低,较单纯2型糖尿病患者,迷走神经功能损害更重。     

心率变异与2型糖尿病患者自主神经功能关系探讨(附90例分析)

目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者自主神经病变与心率变异(HRV)及其他脏器受损的关系。方法选择确诊为T2DM的90例住院患者,其中单纯糖尿病组(SDM)37例,合并心血管疾病糖尿病组(DC)53例;病程<5年组35例,5~10年组31例,>10年组20例。正常对照组(NC)47例为健康体检者,全部进行24h动态心电图及HRV分析。结果T2DM与DC患者HRV时域指标SDNN、SDANN和SDNN index较NC组差异有统计学意义(F值=9.82~20.11,P<0.01),rMSSD和Pnn50与NC组比较差异无统计学意义(F值0.25~0.26,P>0.05),病程<5年组有正常R-R间期的标准差值均高于病程>5年的两组患者(F值=16.22,P<0.01),结论HRV是早期判断T2DM患者自主神经病变最准确而又最敏感,可能对是否合并心脏缺血性病变有提示作用。     

46例2型糖尿病肾病与糖尿病自主神经病变的关系分析

目的：探讨2型糖尿病肾病与糖尿病自主神经病变的关系。方法：使用NHE－1000高频心电检测仪对46例2型糖尿病肾病患者及30例正常人进行心率变异性（HRV）分析。结果：2型糖尿病病人HRV各时域指标明显低于正常对照人群；临床DN组HRV下降更为显著于早期DN组。结论：两组糖尿病肾病与糖尿病自主神经病变并存，而且两者关系密切。     

Degraded and undegraded carrageenans and experimental gastric and duodenal ulceration

The prevention of histamine-induced gastric and duodenal ulceration in the guinea-pig has been examined using a series of undegraded and degraded carrageenans. Undegraded carrageenans were active at lower doses than degraded carrageenans. The high viscosity of the undegraded carrageenans in solution prevented their use in larger doses. Degradation of carrageenan without serious loss of sulphate, gives a product which allows the dose to be increased to an extent that its effect more than offsets the slight loss in activity caused by the degradation. No single feature of carrageenan structure can be related to anti-ulcer activity although degradation, and hence reduction of molecular size, generally reduces activity. Sulphate contents over 30% have little apparent effect on activity; κ-carrageenans were not consistently different in anti-ulcer activity from Λ-carrageenans. This contrasts with the antipeptic activity of carrageenans where κ-carrageenans are less active than their Λ-counter-parts. As with antipeptic activity, the degree of anti-ulcer activity is probably determined by a combination of structural features which includes molecular size and polyanionic properties.     

Affective and Anxiety Disorders and Alcohol and Drug Dependence:

Depression and anxiety frequently coexist in patients with substance use disorders. This clinically-oriented article examiens the relationship between these conditions and emphasizes data showing that substances of abuse can cause signs and symptoms of both depression and anxiety. These substance-related syndromes appear to have a different course and prognosis than uncomplicated, independent anxiety and major depressive disorders, and clinicians should consider the role of alcohol and other drugs in all patients presenting with these complaints. The authors will also outline an approach for diagnosing and managing patients with the combination of a substance use and depressive or anxiety disorder.     

Alcohol and Substance Use and Abuse in Women and Children

No abstract available for this article.     

Glucosidase and fucosidase inhibitors and Advances in nucleosides and nucleotides.

The American Chemical Society Symposium "Glucosidase and fucosidase inhibitors" took place on 1 April 1998 and was organized by Professors Zbigniew J Witczak (UConn, School of Pharmacy, CT, USA), Kuniaki Tatsuta (Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan) and Waldemar Priebe, MD (Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, USA). Professor Witczak provided introductory remarks including the status of existing glucosidase inhibitors, and chaired the morning session, which consisted of six lectures. The symposium was well received, and was particularly attractive for those interested in networking, as attendance was about sixty. In addition, some participants and attendees presented posters on the subject during the regular poster session organized by the Division of Carbohydrate Chemistry.