大小切口及腹腔镜胆囊切除术对比分析

传统的胆囊切除术（OPencholecystectomy，OC）作为治疗胆囊良性疾病是最彻底的方法，经受了一百多年的考验。随着科学技术的发展，受腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LaProscoPlccholecystectomy，LC）的启发，小切n胆囊切除术（Minilaparotomycholecstectomy，MC）在各地医院逐渐兴起，我院从1994年8月至1997年10月采用上述术式切除胆囊良性疾病各116例，现报告如下。1一般资料1．10C组男性34例，女性82例，年龄在23～84岁，平均56岁，结石性胆囊炎98例，胆囊息肉9例，单纯萎缩性胆囊炎7例，黄色肉芽肿2例。合并胆囊与胃及十二指肠瘦各1例，高血…     

传统术式,腹腔镜与小切口胆囊切除术疗效对比研究

为探讨小切口胆囊切除术的临床价值,作者就传统开腹胆囊切除术３００例（Ａ组）、腹腔镜胆囊切除术３００例（Ｂ组）、与小切口胆囊切除术３００例（Ｃ组）的手术时间、术中出血量、并发症、术后胃肠功能恢复时间、输液天数和住院天数等项指标进行了对比。结果显示：Ａ组手术时间、术中出血量、输液天数、胃肠功能恢复时间及住院天数比Ｂ、Ｃ两组长（Ｐ＜０．０５）。Ｂ、Ｃ两组的手术时间、术中出血量、胃肠功能恢复时间、输液天数及住院时间相近似。并发症发生率Ａ组（０．３３％）比Ｂ组（１．６６％）低,而Ｃ组未出现１例并发症（Ｐ＜０．０５）。综合三组疗效对比,Ｃ组明显优于Ａ、Ｂ两组。     

小切口胆囊切除术与腹腔镜胆囊切除术比较分析

目的:比较小切口胆囊切除术(MC)及腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)治疗胆囊疾病的临床疗效,评价两种术式的特点及优势。方法:选择46例胆囊疾病患者,随机分为例数相等的观察组与对照组,观察组采用MC,对照组采用LC。对两组手术时间、肠蠕动恢复时间、住院时间进行比较分析。结果:观察组在手术时间、肠蠕动恢复时间及住院时间方面与对照组不存在统计学差异(P>0.05),但MC的住院费用较低,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:MC用于胆囊疾病的治疗,具有与LC相近的疗效,但MC的费用较低,易于在基层医院推广,具有临床应用价值。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术及部分切除术治疗胆囊复杂疾病的对比研究

目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊部分切除术在胆囊复杂疾病患者中的应用价值。方法:将2009年1月至2013年1月收治的80例胆囊复杂疾病患者随机分为两组,每组40例,A组行腹腔镜胆囊部分切除术,B组行腹腔镜胆囊切除术。观察两组临床疗效及术后并发症发生情况。结果:两组手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);B组术中出血量[(86.4±11.6)ml]显著高于A组[(44.9±16.1)ml](P<0.05)。B组7例中转开腹,8例术后发生并发症;A组1例中转开腹,术后1例发生并发症,两组相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组中急性化脓性胆囊炎、急性坏疽性胆囊炎、慢性萎缩性胆囊炎患者间的术中出血量、手术时间、中转开腹情况及术后并发症等方面差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:腹腔镜胆囊部分切除术治疗复杂胆囊病变可减少术中出血,有效避免中转开腹,减少术后并发症的发生。     

小切口胆囊切除术与腹腔镜胆囊切除术的疗效分析

自 1998年 2月至 1999年 10月间 ,我们同期进行ＭＣ与ＬＣ并对比观察 ,现报告如下。1　材料和方法1.1　一般资料　将 2 0 3例结石性胆囊炎病人随机分为ＭＣ组与ＬＣ组。ＭＣ组 10 5例 ,男 41例 ,女 6 4例 ,年龄 2 2～ 78岁 ,病史最长 40年。ＬＣ组 98例 ,男 43例 ,女 5 5例 ,年龄 2 3～ 73岁 ,病史最长 41年。1.2　手术方法　ＭＣ组硬膜外麻醉 ,经右上腹直肌切口 5～6ｃｍ ,逐层进腹 ,在胆囊下方及左右侧分别填入小纱垫 ,用两把小号Ｓ拉钩显露胆囊及Ｃａｌｏｔ三角。用多功能刀括吸法解剖出胆囊管及胆囊动脉 ,分别用钛夹钳持钛夹夹闭胆囊管…     

改良隐瘢痕腹腔镜与单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术对比研究

目的 探讨改良经脐及白线隐瘢痕腹腔镜胆囊手术的临床疗效及应用价值.方法 回顾性分析2011年6月至2013年5月江西省宜丰县人民医院收治的胆囊结石患者193例,随机分为二组,观察组行改良经脐及白线隐瘢痕腹腔镜胆囊手术,对照组行常规单孔法腹腔镜手术.对比分析二组患者手术时间、术后切口疼痛程度、术后切口满意程度及中转率.结果 观察组比对照组手术时间短,差异有统计学意义（t=14.72,P＜0.000 1）.观察组术后1 d切口疼痛程度明显轻于对照组（t=11.42,P＜0.000 1）;术后2 d切口疼痛程度差异无统计学意义（t=1.26,P=0.10）.术后患者切口满意程度差异无统计学意义（t=1.51,P=0.067）;对照组有3例中转手术.二组均无胆管损伤、术后出血、胆漏等并发症发生.结论 改良经脐及白线隐瘢痕腹腔镜胆囊手术安全、可行,不需要特殊器械,术后瘢痕不明显且隐蔽,手术难度不高,术后患者切口满意度高,是一种美观、安全的腹腔镜手术新途径,适合在基层医院推广.     

腹腔镜与小切口胆囊切除术再比较体会

目的 :比较腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (LC)与小切口胆囊切除术 (MC)的适应证、安全性及临床效果。方法 :对比研究MC 86例与同期开展的LC 86例。结果 :两组的手术时间无明显差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,手术出血量、术后恢复时间和住院时间LC组少于MC组 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :LC适应证广、安全性高 ,在创伤小、痛苦少和恢复快等方面优于MC。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术与开腹胆囊切除术的比较

按顺序抽取腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)病历110份，开腹胆囊切除术(OC)病历136份，笔者就两组病例的手术时间、切口长度、出血量及住院天数等资料进行回顾性分析和比较，结果显示：LC组在手术时间、切口长度、出血量及住院天数均短于或少于OC组。提示：LC优于OC，值得在基层推广与普及。     

Zeus手术机器人胆囊切除术与常规腹腔镜胆囊切除术的对比研究

目的探讨Zeus手术机器人用于胆囊切除术的价值。方法将40例择期胆囊切除术患者分为Zeus手术机器人胆囊切除组(A组)和腹腔镜胆囊切除组(B组),每组20例。结果A组擦镜次数(1.1±1.0)次和调整术野时间(2.2±0.7)min显著少于B组(4.5±1.5)次,(7.5±1.2)min。A组解剖动作次数(337±86)次和操作失误率(10%)少于B组(389±94)次,(25%)。A组手术时间(104.9±20.5)min和系统建立时间(29.5±9.8)min显著长于B组(78.6±17.1)min,(12.6±2.5)min。两组术中出血量(35.6±25.2)ml∶(31.8±16.4)ml和术后住院天数(2.8±0.8)d:(2.8±0.7)d相近,均无术后并发症,各有1例中转开腹手术。结论手术机器人胆囊切除术与腹腔镜手术相比,手术时间长,但术野控制能力好,动作精确性和稳定性更大。     

单孔腹腔镜与常规腹腔镜胆囊切除术后切口的比较研究

目的对比单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术（SILC）与常规腹腔镜胆囊切除术（CLC）术后切口的情况。方法 2011年1~6月,对40例施行SILC（SILC组）和同期配对施行CLC（CLC组）的患者,分别于术后第2天和术后1个月门诊随访时检查切口情况,并填写问卷。结果术后第2天和术后1个月随访时,两组患者切口疼痛程度相近,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。术后第2天切口明显程度、满意程度SILC组优于CLC组（P〈0.05）。术后1个月随访时,SILC组仍高于CLC组,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。术后1个月随访时,两组患者切口满意程度均较术后第2天升高,但仅CLC组升高有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论单孔腹腔镜手术较常规腹腔镜手术具有瘢痕隐蔽及由此引起的切口满意度高的优势,但这些优势随时间推移而消失。就术后切口疼痛程度而言,SILC并无优势。     

两种负压创面治疗技术临床疗效比较

Objective To compare the differences of the clinical effects, side effects and treatment-related cost between two kinds of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT). Methods Forty-four inpa-tients with acute, subacute, and chronic wounds were divided into simplified NPWT group ( A group) and conventional NPWT group ( B group) according to the random number table. Wounds of patients in A group were treated with gauze + continuous suction with hospital central negative pressure ( -10.64 kPa) for 24 hs; wounds of patients in B group were treated with sponge + interrupted suction with a purpose-designed suction appliance ( -16.63 kPa) for 24 hs. Gross wound condition, treatment time, survival rates of skin graft and flap, changes of bacterial species on wound, treatment cost, and ratio of side effects between two groups were compared. Results There was no significant difference between A and B groups in respect of gross wound condition, treatment time [ A group (29 ± 12) d, B group (26 ± 13) d, P > 0. 05 ], changes of bacterial species, survival rates of skin graft [ A group (98 ± 4 ) % , B group ( 98 ± 4 ) % , P > 0. 05 ] and flap (A group 98% , B group 100% , P >0.05). Treatment cost of A group $ (374 ± 134) was obviously lower than that of B group $ (9825 ± 4956) ( P <0. 01 ), while more side effects were observed in A group (33.3%) than that in B group (5.0%) ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusions Both simplified NPWT and NPWT with purpose-designed appliance ean effectively improve wound healing. The simplified method may cause many side effects and has a potential risk of inciting nosocomial infection, but it can be conveniently employed with a low cost. In contrast, the cost of using purpose-designed appliance should be cut down to meet the aim of generalization.     

经脐入路内镜胆囊切除术对老年患者机体创伤反应的研究

目的：探讨经脐入路内镜胆囊切除术在治疗≥60岁老年患者术后的创伤反应。方法将60例60岁以上患慢性胆囊疾病行择期手术的老年患者,随机分为经脐入路内镜胆囊切除术组（TUEC,30例）,与三孔腹腔镜胆囊切除组（LC,30例）。术后即刻、术后6 h、术后24 h 抽取外周静脉血,测定 IL-6和 CRP 的浓度;记录手术时间、术中失血量、止痛药的使用、恢复饮食的时间、术后住院天数及术后并发症等常规项目。结果 LC 组的 IL-6和 CRP 水平略高于 TUEC 组,但比较均无统计学意义;手术时间、术中失血量、恢复饮食的时间、术后住院天数及术后并发症等项目比较无显著性差异;术后止痛药的使用 TUEC 组明显小于 LC 组,有显著差异（P 〈0.05）。结论经脐入路内镜胆囊切除术与多孔 LC 一样,创伤反应小,安全、可行;同时美容效果好、切口疼痛轻,可应用于老年患者。     

The effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on wound infections after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A randomised clinical trial

The aim of this study was to determine whether the use of prophylactic antibiotics had any effects on the development of postoperative surgical wound infections between laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. Patients who received a single dose of prophylactic antibiotics prior to surgery were included in the prophylaxis group, and those who did not receive preoperative and postoperative intravenous and/or oral antibiotics were included in the no prophylaxis group. A total of 206 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy were examined; the infection rate in patients who received prophylaxis was 4.5%, while it was 4.2% in the non‐prophylactic group. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of infection development rates (P > .05). We suggest that antibiotics should not be given for prophylaxis before low‐risk laparoscopic cholecystectomy as there is no statistically significant difference in the rate of postoperative wound infection among patients who were either given or not given prophylaxis.     

A comparative study to evaluate the effect of honey dressing and silver sulfadiazene dressing on wound healing in burn patients

To compare the effect of honey dressing and silver-sulfadiazene (SSD) dressing on wound healing in burn patients. Patients (n=78) of both sexes, with age group between 10 and 50 years and with first and second degree of burn of less than 50% of TBSA (Total body surface area) were included in the study, over a period of 2 years (2006-08). After stabilization, patients were randomly attributed into two groups: ‘honey group’ and ‘SSD group’. Time elapsed since burn was recorded. After washing with normal saline, undiluted pure honey was applied over the wounds of patients in the honey group (n=37) and SSD cream over the wounds of patients in SSD group (n=41), everyday. Wound was dressed with sterile gauze, cotton pads and bandaged. Status of the wound was assessed every third and seventh day and on the day of completion of study. Patients were followed up every fortnight till epithelialization. The bacteriological examination of the wound was done every seventh day. The mean age for case (honey group) and control (SSD group) was 34.5 years and 28.5 years, respectively. Wound swab culture was positive in 29 out of 36 patients who came within 8 hours of burn and in all patients who came after 24 hours. The average duration of healing in patients treated with honey and SSD dressing at any time of admission was 18.16 and 32.68 days, respectively. Wound of all those patients (100%) who reported within 1 hour became sterile with honey dressing in less than 7 days while none with SSD. All of the wounds became sterile in less than 21 days with honey, while tthis was so in only 36.5% with SSD treated wounds. The honey group included 33 patients reported within 24 hour of injury, and 26 out of them had complete outcome at 2 months of follow-up, while numbers for the SSD group were 32 and 12. Complete outcome for any admission point of time after 2 months was noted in 81% and 37% of patients in the honey group and the SSD group. Honey dressing improves wound healing, makes the wound sterile in lesser time, has a better outcome in terms of prevention of hypertrophic scarring and post-burn contractures, and decreases the need of debridement irrespective of time of admission, when compared to SSD dressing.     

Effects of dexmedetomidine on surgical site wound pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A meta-analysis

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to local wound infiltration anaesthesia in reducing surgical site wound pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases were searched from the time of database creation until February 2023. We performed a randomised controlled trial on the effect of dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to local wound infiltration anaesthesia on postoperative wound pain in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of each study. This study was performed using the Review Manager 5.4 software. Ultimately, 13 publications with 1062 patients were included. The results showed that dexmedetomidine was effective as an adjunct to local wound infiltration anaesthesia at 1 h (standardised mean difference [SMD]: −5.31, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: −7.22 to −3.40, P < .001), 4 h (SMD: −3.40, P < .001), 12 h (SMD: −2.11, 95% CIs: −3.10 to −1.13, P < .001) and 24 h postoperatively (SMD: −1.98, 95% CIs: −2.76 to −1.21, P < .001) significantly reduced surgical site wound pain. However, there was no significant difference in the analgesic effect at 48 h postoperatively (SMD: −1.33, 95% CIs: −3.25 to −0.58, P = .17). Dexmedetomidine provided good postoperative wound analgesia at the surgical site when used for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.     

A comparative study on the cellular viability and debridement efficiency of antimicrobial‐based wound dressings

A concentrated surfactant gel containing polyhexamethylene biguanide (CSG‐PHMB) (CSG: Plurogel) was evaluated for in vitro cell cytotoxicity using the direct contact, extraction, and cell insert assays, along with its ability to breakdown artificial wound eschar and slough, compared with other clinically available wound gels: a wound gel loaded with 0.13% benzalkonium chloride (BXG) and a highly viscous gel loaded with 0.1% polyhexamethylene biguanide (PXG). Following treatment with CSG‐PHMB, BXG, and PXG at day 1, the viability of L929 and HDFa cells sharply decreased to lower than 20% of the culture media control in the direct contact assay; however, cell viability of L929 was 128.65 ± 1.41%, 99.90 ± 2.84%*, and 64.08 ± 5.99%* respectively; HDFa was 84.58 ± 10.41%, 19.54 ± 3.06%**, and 96.28 ± 33.67%, respectively, in the extraction assay. In the cell insert model, cell viability of L929 cells were 95.25 ± 0.96%, 47.49 ± 5.37%**, and 48.63 ± 7.00%**, respectively; HDFa cell viability were 92.80 ± 1.29%, 38.86 ± 4.28%**, and 49.90 ± 2.55%** (*: P < .01; **P < .001 compared with CSG‐PHMB; cell viability of culture medium without treatment at day 1 was 100%). The cell extraction model on day 1 indicated that CSG‐PHMB had higher viability of L929 cells compared with BXG. In addition, the cellular viability results indicated that CSG‐PHMB gel exhibited lower cytotoxicity when compared with BXG and PXG in the cell insert model assay. Within the in vitro debridement model, CSG‐PHMB exhibited an ability to potentially increase the loosening of the collagen matrix. The reason for this may be because of the concentrated surfactant found within the CSG‐PHMB, which has the ability to lower the surface tension, aiding in the movements of fragments and debris in the fluorescent artificial wound eschar model (fAWE).     

A comparative study to evaluate the effect of limited access dressing (LAD) on burn wound healing

Biochemical and histopathological analyses are commonly used objective parameters in research and clinical fields to assess the healing status of burn wounds. In this study, the effect of newer intermittent negative‐pressure wound therapy in combination with moist environment [limited access dressing (LAD)] on burn wound healing is studied. Various biochemical parameters like hydroxyproline, hexosamine and total protein, and antioxidants like reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and oxidative biomarker malondialdhyde (MDA) were measured in the granulation tissue. Histopathologically, necrotic tissue, amount of inflammatory infiltrate, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix deposition (ECM) were studied to determine wound healing. A total of 55 patients were divided into two groups as follows: LAD group (n = 28) and conventional dressing group (n = 27). Patients treated with LAD have shown significant increase in the mean levels of (±SD) hydroxyproline (75·2 ± 26·30 versus 27·8 ± 15·5; P = 0·010), hexosamine (9·0 ± 1·99 versus 8·0 ± 1·18; P = 0·038), total protein (15·6 ± 8·23 versus 10·26 ± 4·94; P = 0·003), GSH (7·40 ± 1·91 versus 5·1 ± 1·28; P = 0·037), GPx (112·6 ± 46·4 versus 92 ± 32·4; P = 0·016), and decrease in MDA (6·5 ± 2·24 versus 1 0·6 ± 3·8; P = 0·002). Histopathologically, between LAD and conventional dressing groups, there was a significant difference after 10 days of treatment (mean±SE) in necrotic tissue of (LAD versus conventional dressing groups = 10 ± 1·8 versus 11·9 ± 2·6; P = 0·033), inflammatory cells (8·4 ± 1·9 versus 13 ± 3·46; P = 0·021), new blood vessels (12·5 ± 2·87 versus 9·4 ± 1·7; P = 0·047), ECM deposit (12·9 ± 2·41 versus 9·68 ± 1·3; P = 0·018) and showed comparatively fewer inflammatory cells, increased and well‐organised extracellular matrix deposit, more angiogenesis in LAD group as compared with that in conventional dressing group. To conclude, LAD exerts its beneficial effects on wound healing by reducing oxidative stress, decreasing necrotic tissue and amount of inflammatory infiltrate, and increasing ECM deposition and angiogenesis.     

MRCP与ERCP对胆道梗阻诊断价值的比较

目的：探讨磁共振胰胆管成像(MRCP)对胰胆管梗阻性疾病的诊断价值及局限性.方法:采用快速自旋回波水成像技术,对35例临床拟诊胆道梗阻并均行内窥镜逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)的患者进行MRCP检查,并将MRCP影像资料与ERCP进行对照分析,21例经手术病理证实,14例为ERCP检查证实.结果:MRCP成功率为100%,MRCP图像与ERCP极其相似,依据MRCP图像可以作出与ERCP基本一致的诊断.对胆道梗阻的部位诊断正确率达91.4%,定性诊断正确率达80.6%.MRCP图像的空间分辨率略逊于ERCP,有时不能显示胰管及其分支.对ERCP失败或显示不全的病例,MRCP可获得有价值的诊断信息.结论:MR-CP在诊断胆道梗阻性疾病方面具有简便、安全,无创伤性,无需造影剂等优点,而且具有与ERCP相同的诊断价值,在许多方面可取代ERCP.     

Use of local wound infiltration in open hepatectomy to reduce wound pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of local wound infiltration anaesthesia on postoperative wound pain in patients undergoing open liver resection. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) and Wanfang databases were searched. The search period spanned from database creation to December 2022. All relevant studies on local wound infiltration anaesthesia for analgesia after hepatectomy were included. Two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted data and evaluated the quality of each study. Review Manager (RevMan) 5.4 software (Cochrane Collaboration) was used for the meta-analysis, in which 12 studies with 986 patients were included. The results show that local wound infiltration anaesthesia effectively reduced surgical site wound pain at 4 h (mean difference [MD]: −1.26, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: −2.15 to −0.37, P = .005), 12 h (MD: −0.84, 95% CIs: −1.26 to −0.42, P < .001), 24 h (MD: −0.57, 95% CIs: −1.01 to −0.14, P = .009) and 48 h (MD: −0.54, 95% CIs: −0.81 to −0.26, P < .001) postoperatively; however, there was no significant difference in analgesia at 72 h postoperatively (MD: −0.10, 95% CIs: −0.80 to 0.59, P = .77). These findings suggest that local wound infiltration anaesthesia administered to patients undergoing open liver resection provides good postoperative wound analgesia at the surgical site.     

腹腔镜全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术与无张力疝修补术的随机对照研究

目的：研究腹腔镜全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术（totally extraperitoneal prosthetic,TEP）在临床应用中的价值。方法：71例成人腹股沟疝患者前瞻性随机分成两组,分别进行TEP和无张力疝修补术（Lichtenstein）。TEP组35例,Lichtenstein组36例。手术后1周和1年内对患者作出临床观察和评估,并在3个月和1年时进行电话及门诊随访。观察指标为：手术时间、使用镇痛药物的频率、下床活动时间、住院天数、并发症、暂时性神经感觉异常、正常活动时间、腹股沟疼痛持续时间、疝复发。将两组数据进行统计学处理和分析。结果：使用镇痛药物的频率、下床活动时间、住院天数、恢复正常活动时间、腹股沟疼痛持续时间、并发症方面TEP组优于Lichtenstein组,有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。手术时间、复发例数TEP组少于Lichtenstein组,但无统计学差异。结论：TEP对于复发疝、老年人疝以及双侧疝更加具有优势。但TEP手术费用较高、需要腹腔镜等设备、学习曲线较长,这些可能是目前TEP尚未广泛开展的主要原因。我们认为,缩短TEP学习曲线的关键在于掌握手术空间的建立,腹白线中隔是影响手术空间建立的主要因素,打开下方部分腹白线中隔是手术的要点。