153Sm-EDTMP联合宜利治改善晚期恶性肿瘤骨转移患者生活质量的临床研究

目的:观察153钐一乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸(153Sm-EDTMP)联合宜利治(醋酸甲地孕酮分散片)改善晚期恶性肿瘤骨转移患者生活质量的疗效。方法:将87例晚期恶性肿瘤骨转移患者,随机分为治疗组及对照组,其中治疗组45例,用153Sm-EDTMP内照射联合宜利治治疗;对照组42例,单纯用153Sm-EDTMP内照射治疗。观察骨痛缓解效果、活动能力、Kanofsky评分及毒性反应。结果:治疗组在缓解骨痛总有效率方面与对照组差异无明显意义(P>0.05)。治疗组在活动能力、KPS评分改善的总有效率方面与对照组差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。2组的毒性反应主要是骨髓抑制,治疗组发生率较对照组略低,但差异无明显意义(P>0.05)。结论:153Sm-EDTMP联合宜利治能显著提高晚期恶性肿瘤骨转移患者的生活质量,不良反应小,值得临床推广使用。     

^153Sm-EDTMP治疗肿瘤骨转移疼痛的新进展

恶性肿瘤晚期骨转移疼痛的治疗是癌症姑息治疗方案中非常重要的一部分,其对改善患者的生活质量至关重要.临床上有很多方法可以用来缓解骨转移引起的疼痛,其中放射性核素治疗已经被证实疗效显著,不良反应少.因此放射性核素治疗能够缓解疼痛,改善患者的生存质量.153 Sm-乙二胺四甲撑膦酸(samarium-153 ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonicacid,153 Sm-EDTMP)是临床上常用的放射性药物.本文将对153 Sm-EDTMP治疗肿瘤骨转移疼痛的疗效、影响因素、不良反应与安全性以及联合用药等方面的研究新进展进行讨论.     

153Sm-EDTMP治疗骨转移癌疼痛的临床应用

目的 探讨钐－乙二胺四甲撑膦酸（^153Sm-EDTMP)治疗骨转移癌疼痛的临床疗效。方法 应用^153Sm-EDTMP治疗82例骨转移癌疼痛患者，根据治疗后疼痛缓解和生活质量的情况判断疗效，同时比较其病灶摄取放射性的变化。结果 治疗后疼痛缓解有效率为74．4％（61／82），其中显效22例（26．8％），有效39例（47．6％），稳定21例（25．6％）。治疗前列腺癌骨转移、乳腺癌骨转移、肺癌骨转移疼痛的有效率分别为80．6％（25／31）、78．9％（15／19）、63．2％（12／19）。结论 应用^153Sm-EDTMP治疗骨转移癌疼痛是1种有效的姑息治疗技术，尤其对前列腺癌和乳腺癌的骨转移疼痛疗效较好，但要注意骨髓抑制。     

153Sm-EDTMP治疗肿瘤骨转移痛的临床观察

目的观察153Sm-EDTMP（153钐标记乙二胺四甲撑膦酸）在治疗肿瘤骨转移疼痛中的止痛效果及其毒副反应。方法103例肿瘤骨转移疼痛患者,使用153Sm-EDTMP（37 MBq/kg）静脉注射单次治疗。记录治疗前后的疼痛评分[用直观类比标度（visual analog scale,VAS）判断]、体力评分,每周观察血常规变化以分析毒性作用,疗效判断以VAS评分下降≥2分为有效,0分为完全缓解。结果治疗后血细胞计数出现下降,但下降是短暂的、可逆的,治疗后8周已接近基线水平,除入组时已处于轻度毒性状态的患者出现级毒性反应外,其余患者均不超过级以上毒性。用药后6周疼痛评分下降到最低值,体力评分于用药后逐渐上升,4周时最高。总有效率为76%,完全缓解率为15%。结论153Sm-EDTMP是行之有效的骨转移骨痛缓解药物,起效快、维持时间长,可明显提高患者的生活质量。     

芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗恶性肿瘤骨转移疼痛的临床观察

目的研究芬太尼透皮贴剂(多瑞吉)治疗恶性肿瘤骨转移所致骨痛的疗效、不良反应和生活质量改善程度.方法对30例恶性肿瘤骨转移中、重度骨痛患者使用芬太尼透皮贴剂,观察治疗前、后的疼痛强度,生活质量评分及用药后不良反应,加以归纳总结.结果芬太尼透皮贴剂使用后,疗效肯定,疼痛缓解率96.7%,其中完全缓解36.7%,明显缓解53.3%,中度缓解6.7%,癌痛患者生活质量明显提高,常见不良反应多见于头晕、恶心、呕吐、嗜睡、便秘等,但发生率低,程度较轻.结论芬太尼治疗恶性肿瘤骨转移所致骨痛,疗效显著,具有使用方便,疗效确定和不良反应低的特点,能安全、有效、简便的控制癌痛,改善生活质量,可做为口服阿片类药物的替代治疗,易被患者接受,值得临床进一步推广.     

^153Sm—EDTMP联合帕米膦酸二钠及强的松治疗多发性骨转移瘤的临床观察

目的用153Sm-EDTMP联合帕米膦酸二钠及强的松治疗多发性骨转移瘤,以观察该方法的疗效、毒副作用,从而证实综合治疗多发性骨转移瘤的效果.方法随机入组80例多发性骨转移瘤患者,分别给予153Sm-EDTMP联合帕米膦酸二钠和强的松及单用153Sm-EDTMP治疗,对照并观察疗效及毒性.结果 153Sm-EDTMP联合帕米膦酸二钠和强的松组及单用153Sm-EDTMP组的止痛有效率分别为90.0%和70.0%(P＜0.05),骨病变影像好转率分别为40.0%和17.5%(P＜0.05),而毒副反应差异无显著性.结论 153Sm-EDTMP联合帕米膦酸二钠和强的松治疗多发性骨转移瘤,在缓解疼痛、改善生活质量方面有明显疗效.     

153Sm-EDTMP治疗多发骨转移瘤的剂量效应关系初步观察

背景与目的:核素内照射治疗的剂量计算一直是核医学研究的热点和难点之一,用蒙特卡罗法(MonteCarlo,MC)计算153Sm-乙二胺四甲撑膦酸(Samarium-153ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonicacid,153Sm-EDTMP)治疗多发性骨转移患者骨转移灶、骨髓等靶器官的吸收剂量,初步探讨病灶吸收剂量与153Sm-EDTMP止痛疗效的关系。方法:选择鼻咽癌、乳腺癌伴全身多发骨转移患者4例,患者骨痛剧烈,骨痛评分Ⅳ级,按0.65×37MBq/kg药量静脉注射,行153Sm-EDTMP内照射治疗。基于患者的时序性SPECT/CT扫描和累积尿液的放射性强度测定,确定患者的药物代谢动力学特点,利用MCEGS4程序计算骨转移灶和其它靶器官的吸收剂量及其分布。观察骨痛症状的缓解状况和生活质量的改善情况。结果:153Sm-EDTMP治疗后,患者骨痛明显减轻,骨痛评分达Ⅱ级,持续3～4周。骨转移灶和其它靶器官的三维吸收剂量分布图显示:病灶内剂量分布不均匀。骨转移灶的最高吸收剂量约为4.9～5.9Gy,病灶边缘的吸收剂量为2.0Gy左右,以病灶区最高剂量为参考点,则骨髓剂量为0.48～1.1Gy,骨皮质剂量为0.51～0.85Gy;病灶周围软组织的吸收剂量为0.01～0.14Gy。结论:按常规单次153Sm-EDTMP治疗,骨转移病灶远未达到30Gy姑息剂量水平,虽有一定的止痛结果,但止痛持续时间短,疗效有限,与临床观察结果一致。     

153Sm-EDTMP与89Srcl放射治疗肿瘤骨转移疼痛的评估

目的:对比研究放射性核素制剂153钐-乙二铵四甲基磷酸(153sm-EDTMP)与89氯化锶(89Srcl)治疗肿瘤骨转移疼痛的疗效.方法:对123例肿瘤骨转移患者按个人意愿结合家庭经济情况分组,Ⅰ组:153Sm-EDTMP治疗组;Ⅱ组:89Srcl治疗组.对治疗前后行SPECT全身骨扫描及骨痛评估.结果:153Sm-EDTMP及89Srcl治疗肿瘤骨转移疼痛的有效率分别为77.78%、81.82%;153Sm-EDTMP及89Srcl治疗肺癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌及其他肿瘤骨转移有效率分别为64.71%、89.47%、90.00%、62.50%;72.73、86.67%、100%、75.00%,存在明显差异(P<0.05);153Sm-EDTMP及89Srcl治疗肿瘤骨转移疼痛起效时间分别为(10.1±3.2)天、(7.3±1.8)天,止痛持续时间分别为(25.5±8.3)周、(30.1±10.4)周,治疗花费分别为(4.1±0.5)千元、(8.3±0.8)千元,存在明显差异(P<0.01);153Sm-EDTMP及89Srcl治疗肿瘤骨转移疼痛的不良反应率分别为4.4%、3.0%,存在明显差异(P<0.05).结论:153Sm-EDTMP及89Srcl治疗肿瘤骨转移疼痛均可取得较高有效率,三种常见肿瘤有效率从高到低分别前列腺癌、乳腺癌、肺癌,起效时间、持续时间及治疗花费均有明显差异,应结合患者具体情况选用.     

博宁治疗恶性肿瘤骨转移疼痛的疗效观察

目的:观察博宁(帕米膦酸二钠APD)对骨转移疼痛的临床疗效.方法:22例晚期恶性肿瘤骨痛患者静脉点滴博宁90mg一疗程,连用1～2个疗程,部分病例合并化疗(n=11)或内照射治疗(n=5).结果:博宁对骨痛的总有效率为86.3%(19/22),合并化疗、153Sm(钐)-EDTMP(乙二胺四甲基膦酸)治疗和单纯博宁治疗的有效率分别为90.9%、80.0%、66.7%.获效时间1～20天,83.3%患者在两周内获效,无明显毒副作用.结论:博宁是一种治疗恶性肿瘤骨转移骨痛的有效药物,能有效地缓解骨痛和活动功能障碍、提高患者的生活质量,与化疗、153Sm-EDTMP内照射治疗联用,疗效更好.     

多发骨转移癌联合治疗近期疗效观察

目的探讨缓解多发骨转移癌疼痛的有效治疗方法.方法190例多发骨转移癌患者,采用153Sm-EDTMP及153Sm-EDTMP加99Tc-MPD方案,观察治疗后1年疼痛缓解情况、病灶修复作用及安全性.结果总的镇痛缓解率为79.5%,病灶修复率31.1%;A、B两组镇痛缓解率及骨病变修复率分别为56.7%、86.9%和20.0%、35.5%,两组比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05).治疗骨转移的同时其他脏器的转移占13.6%.毒副反应以骨髓抑制为主,全组未见肝肾功能损害.结论采用以放射性核素为主的综合治疗方案,不仅能有效缓解骨疼痛,同时对病灶的修复有一定的治疗价值.建议在治疗骨转移的同时,只要血像正常,身体状况尚好,可以考虑配合其他治疗,以防止其他脏器的转移.     

~(153)Sm-EDTMP治疗骨转移癌的临床观察

目的　评价１５３Ｓｍ － 乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸（ＥＤＴＭＰ） 治疗骨转移癌的临床价值。方法　４５ 例临床上确诊为恶性肿瘤伴多发性骨转移患者,其中男１６ 例,女２９ 例,年龄３１ ～７６ 岁,均有显著骨痛。采用两次给药法静脉注射１５３Ｓｍ － ＥＤＴＭＰ。结果　治疗后骨痛完全缓解者２０ 例（４４．４ ％ ） ,骨痛部分缓解者２２ 例（４８．９ ％ ） ,无效者３ 例（６．７ ％ ）,止痛总有效率为９３．３％ 。转移灶缩小或消失总有效率为２６．７ ％ 。结论　１５３Ｓｍ － ＥＤＴＭＰ治疗骨转移癌有一定的临床价值。     

全身骨显像疗效评价153 钐-EDTMP 治疗骨转移癌的疗效

目的：通过骨显像评价^153钐-EDTMP治疗骨转移癌的效果，进而证实其抑制、消除转移灶作用。方法：对182例恶性肿瘤合并骨转移病人共进行560次^153钐-EDTMP治疗，治疗前后常规行骨显像检查。结果：^153钐-EDTMP治疗后疼痛总缓解率为88．46％（161／182），12．64％（23／182）病例发生严重白细胞减低。44．51％（81／182）病例骨转移灶缩小、消失。结论：^153钐-EDTMP是通过抑制、消除骨转移灶达到止痛的。骨显像能显示治疗后骨转移灶的变化。     

153钐-乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸治疗骨转移瘤的疗效观察

目的：观察^153钐-乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸（^153钐-EDTMP）治疗骨转移瘤的疗效。方法：对96例骨转移瘤患者给予剂量范围为18．5～55．5MBq／kg的^153钐-EDTMP治疗。结果：患者疼痛总缓解率为86．5％（83／96）；影像学显示部分患者骨转移灶缩小、消失、减少或病灶处浓聚减弱。不良反应主要为骨髓抑制，经治疗2周～4周内皆能好转恢复。结论：^153钐-EDTMP对转移性骨肿瘤有明显缓解骨痛、控制病情进展的作用，使用安全。     

博宁联合化疗治疗骨转移癌所致疼痛的疗效观察

目的：选择理想的治疗骨转移癌所致疼痛的方法。方法：以博宁联合化疗或以^153Sm—EDTMP内照射联合化疗治疗52例骨转移癌。结果：治疗组总有效率为84．00％，对照组总有效率为59．26％。结论：治疗骨转移癌所致的骨痛，以博宁联合化疗为主的方法优于^153Sm—EDTMP内照射联合化疗的方法。     

153Sm-EDTMP和89Sr配合99Tc-MDP治疗骨转移癌

[目的]观察放射性核素来昔决南杉(153Sm鄄EDTMP)和美他特龙(89Sr)配合云克(99Tc鄄MDP)治疗多发骨转移癌的近期疗效和安全性。[方法]94例恶性肿瘤多发骨转移癌随机分为153Sm鄄EDTMP+99Tc鄄MDP(A组)和89Sr+99Tc鄄MDP(B组)。[结果]A组镇痛缓解率76.6%,其中乳腺癌骨转移止痛效果最好,镇痛缓解率为85.0%(17/20),而B组镇痛缓解率55.3%,以前列腺止痛效果最好,达56.2%(9/16),两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);骨病灶好转率A组46.8%,B组34.0%(P>0.05);生活质量分级(QOL):A、B31分～60分两组分别为80.8%与55.3%(P<0.01);两组毒性为骨髓抑制。[结论]以核素为主的方案是综合治疗多发骨转移癌的理想方案,骨髓抑制均可以耐受。     

The use of chelated radionuclide (samarium-153-ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate) to modulate phenotype of tumor cells and enhance T cell-mediated killing

PURPOSE: Exposing human tumor cells to sublethal doses of external beam radiation up-regulates expression of tumor antigen and accessory molecules, rendering tumor cells more susceptible to killing by antigen-specific CTLs. This study explored the possibility that exposure to palliative doses of a radiopharmaceutical agent could alter the phenotype of tumor cells to render them more susceptible to T cell-mediated killing. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Here, 10 human tumor cell lines (4 prostate, 2 breast, and 4 lung) were exposed to increasing doses of the radiopharmaceutical samarium-153-ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonate ((153)Sm-EDTMP) used in cancer patients to treat pain due to bone metastasis. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis and quantitative real-time PCR analysis for expression of five surface molecules and several tumor-associated antigens involved in prostate cancer were done. LNCaP human prostate cancer cells were exposed to (153)Sm-EDTMP and incubated with tumor-associated antigen-specific CTL in a CTL killing assay to determine whether exposure to (153)Sm-EDTMP rendered LNCaP cells more susceptible to T cell-mediated killing. RESULTS: Tumor cells up-regulated the surface molecules Fas (100% of cell lines up-regulated Fas), carcinoembryonic antigen (90%), mucin-1 (60%), MHC class I (50%), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (40%) in response to (153)Sm-EDTMP. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed additional up-regulated tumor antigens. Exposure to (153)Sm-EDTMP rendered LNCaP cells more susceptible to killing by CTLs specific for prostate-specific antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, and mucin-1. CONCLUSIONS: Doses of (153)Sm-EDTMP equivalent to palliative doses delivered to bone alter the phenotype of tumor cells, suggesting that (153)Sm-EDTMP may work synergistically with immunotherapy to increase the susceptibility of tumor cells to CTL killing.     

Analysis of multiple factors related to hematologic toxicity following 153Sm-EDTMP therapy

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical factors related to hematologic toxicity caused by treatment with samarium-153 ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonic acid (153Sm-EDTMP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 206 secondary bone neoplasm patients treated with 153Sm-EDTMP were analyzed retrospectively. Logistic regression (SPSS 10.0 for Windows; Chicago, IL) and correlation analysis were used to evaluate the factors concerned. RESULTS: Age, number of bone metastatic lesions, chemotherapy before treatment with 153Sm-EDTMP, concurrence of radiotherapy, and times of repeated treatments with 153Sm-EDTMP were determined by single factor analysis to be related to hematologic toxicity. Chemotherapy before treatment with 153Sm-EDTMP, concurrence of radiotherapy, drug use to maintain normal white blood cell counts, and times of repeated treatments with 153Sm-EDTMP were determined by multiple factor analysis to be related to hematologic toxicity. CONCLUSIONS: Chemotherapy before treatment with 153Sm-EDTMP, concurrence of radiotherapy, drug use to maintain normal white blood cell counts, and times of repeated treatments with 153Sm-EDTMP are the main clinical factors related to hematologic toxicity caused by 153Sm-EDTMP therapy. In patients with such factors, more attention might be paid to the change of blood cell counts after 153Sm-EDTMP therapy.     

Samarium-153 ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonate therapy for bone pain palliation in skeletal metastases

BACKGROUND: Systemic therapy with radionuclides may be used for the treatment of patients with painful skeletal metastases owing to its efficacy, low cost and low toxicity. Imported radionuclides for pain palliation, like Strontium-89 are expensive; particularly for developing countries. In the Indian scenario, Samarium-153 (Sm-153) is produced in our own reactors and as a result, it is readily available and economical. AIM: We undertook this study to determine the efficacy and toxicity of single-dose Sm-153 ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonate as a palliative treatment for painful skeletal metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eightysix patients with painful skeletal metastases from various primaries, were treated with Sm-153 EDTMP at a dose of 37 MBq/kg. The effects were evaluated according to change in visual analogue pain score, analgesic consumption, Karnofsky performance score, mobility score and blood count tests, conducted regularly for 16 weeks. STATISTICS: Repeated measures analysis. RESULTS: The overall response rates were 73%, while complete response was seen in 12.4%. Reduction in analgesic consumption with improvement in Karnofsky performance score and mobility score, was seen in all responders. Response rates were 80.3 and 80.5% in breast and prostate cancer, respectively. One case, each of Wilms tumor, ovarian cancer, germ cell tumor testis, multiple myeloma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor and oesophageal cancer, did not respond to therapy. No serious side-effects were noted, except for fall in white blood cell, platelet and haemoglobin counts, which gradually returned to normal levels by six-eight weeks. CONCLUSION: Sm-153 EDTMP provided effective palliation in 73% patients with painful bone metastases: the major toxicity was temporary myelosuppression.