射频消融治疗快速心律失常300例回顾分析

目的 总结射频消融术（ＲＦＣＡ）治疗快速心律失常经验和教训,以利提高疗效。方法 回顾分析我院自１９９３年４月～１９９９年８月共治疗３００例ＲＦＣＡ。快速心律失常类别包括：房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）７８例;房室折返性心动过速（ＡＶＲＴ）２０１例;特发性室性心动过速（ＩＶＴ）１３例;阵发性心房扑动（ＡＦ）７例;快心室率（≥１００次/分）心房颤动房室结改良１例。均先行心内电生理检查,寻找最佳靶点进行消融。结果 消融总成功率为９７．３％,总复发率为３．４％,并发症发生率１．７％,无死亡病例。结论 射频消融已成为快速心律失常简捷有效的治疗方法,但有目的地预测和降低并发症,识别和正确处理特殊病例,是提高成功率的关键。     

射频消融的临床应用

对２１例阵发性室上性心动过速（ＰＳＶＴ）患者施行导管射频消融（ＲＦＣＡ），其中１０例为预激综合征并房折返性心动过速（ＷＰＷ并ＡＶＲＴ），１０例为房室结双径路并房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＤＰ并ＡＶＮＲＴ），１例为房内折返性心动过速（ＩＡＲＴ）。经ＲＦＣＡ预激旁路和房室结改良有１８例获得成功，成功率８５．７％。无并发症，随访１～６个月未见复发者。     

射频消融治疗快速性心律失常的体会

临床安全应用射频导管消融（ＲＦＣＡ）治疗各类快速性心律失常７８０例，总成功率９７．８％。其中房室折返性心动过速（ＡＶＲＴ）５５４例；房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）１８２例；房扑１５例；房颤５例；特发性室速８例；右室流出道室速、室早１４例；致心律失常性右室心肌病（ＡＲＶＣ）２例。本组患者无一例发生血胸、气胸、心包填塞、动脉拴塞、３°房室传导阻滞、室颤等严重并发症。本文特别强调了术前充分准备、术中精确标测定位、细心轻巧操作、严谨控制消融能量和时间，术中与术后严密监护，可以最大程度地降低并发症的发生率。     

射频消融术治疗快速性心律失常的进展

经导管射频消融术（ＲＦＣＡ）自１９８７年应用于临床以来,给快速性心律失常的治疗带来了革命性变化,已成为房室折返性心动过速（ＡＶＲＴ）、房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）、房性心动过速（ＡＴ）、心房扑动（ＡＦＬ）和特发性与束支折返性室性心动过速（ＶＴ）...     

射频消融治疗房性心动过速

导管射频消融术（ＲＦＣＡ）治疗房室折返性心动过速（ＡＶＲＴ）和房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）已十分成熟。房性心动过速（ＡＴ）在临床上较少见且药物难以控制,ＲＦＣＡ治疗房速的报道也较少［１］,其成功率在６０％～９０％。作者总结了４例房速的ＲＦＣＡ,...     

射频消融术

导管射频消融术(ＲＦＣＡ)是十几年来发展很快的治疗快速性心律失常新技术,其治疗范围与适应证也不断扩大。它对电生理学家们提出了更高的要求和严峻的挑战,要求他们在短时间内对心动过速作出正确的诊断,熟练掌握导管操作技术和心脏的解剖结构等。我院自1990年成功地进行1例预激综合征射频消融治疗,至今已完成1800余例各种快速性心律失常的ＲＦＣＡ治疗。据此,本文将就目前ＲＦＣＡ治疗方法作一介绍。1　各种快速性心律失常ＲＦＣＡ适应证见1996年射频导管消融治疗快速心律失常指南[1]。2　房室折返性心动过速　　房室折返性心动过速(ＡＶＲ…     

射频消融治疗室上性心动过速病例分析

８０例行射频消融术（ＲＦＣＡ）的室上性心动过速患者中，５２例房室折返性心动过速有５３条旁路，射频阻断４９条，成功率９２％。例１第２次ＲＦＣＡ后出现Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞（Ａ－ＶＢ），１周后安装ＤＤＤ起搏器；１例大头导管在升主动脉打结；１例术后有左下肢静脉血栓形成；２例术后１个月复查Ｂ型超声示轻度主动脉瓣关闭不全。２６例房室结折返性心动过速射频全部成功，１例术后出现１度Ａ－ＶＢ，１例出现左侧气胸。２例房内折返性心动过速射频成功。初步认为射频消融治疗室上性心动过速有一定的并发症（包括Ⅲ度Ａ－ＶＢ）。     

射频导管消融治疗儿童房室折返性心动过速（摘要）

射频导管消融治疗儿童房室折返性心动过速（摘要）大连医科大学附属第一医院心内科张树龙高连君杨延宗林治湖射频导管消融（ＲＦＣＡ）已成为根治房室折返性心动过速的安全有效的方法，但对儿童病例的ＲＦＣＡ尚有争议。本文报告２０例儿童患者（年龄≤１４岁）ＲＦＣＡ...     

右侧房室旁道导管射频消融治疗的体会

采用导管射频消融术（ＲＦＣＡ）阻断右侧房室旁道治疗房室折返性心动过速５０例，其中单旁道４５例，双旁道４例，三旁道１例，共５６条旁道。首次消融成功率９４％，二次消融成功率１００％。平均随访９个月，３例复发（６％），均经再次消融成功，其余病例未服用任何抗心律失常药物无心动过速复发，术后除１例右后间隔旁道消融后出现一过性Ⅲ°房室传导阻滞外无其它并发症发生。就右侧旁道消融的体会进行了讨论。     

射频消融术改良房室结慢径治疗快心室率心房纤颤

射频消融术改良房室结慢径治疗快心室率心房纤颤大连医科大学附属第一医院心内科杨东辉综述杨延宗林治湖审校导管射频消融术（ＲＦＣＡ）是近年发展起来的一种治疗快速心律失常的有效方法，临床上已广泛用于根治房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）和房室折返性心动过速（...     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

N-acetyl-L-cysteine combined with mesalamine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis： Randomized,placebo-controlled pilot study

AIM： To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral N-acetyl-L-cysteine （NAC） co-administration with mesalamine in ulcerative colitis （UC） patients.
METHODS： Thirty seven patients with mild to moderate UC were randomized to receive a four-wk course of oral mesalamine （2.4 g/d） plus N-acetyl-L-cysteine （0.8 g/d） （group A） or mesalamine plus placebo （group B）. Patients were monitored using the Modified Truelove-Witts Severity Index （MTWSI）. The primary endpoint was clinical remission （MTWSI ≤ 2） at 4 wk. Secondary endpoints were clinical response （defined as a reduction from baseline in the MTWSI of ≥ 2 points） and drug safety. The serum TNF-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and MCP-1 were evaluated at baseline and at 4 wk of treatment. RESULTS： Analysis per-protocol criteria showed clinical remission rates of 63% and 50% after 4 wk treatment with mesalamine plus N-acetyl-L-cysteine （group A） and mesalamine plus placebo （group B） respectively （OR = 1.71; 95% CI： 0.46 to 6.36; P = 0.19; NNT = 7.7）. Analysis of variance （ANOVA） of data indicated a significant reduction of MTWSI in group A （P = 0.046） with respect to basal condition without significant changes in the group B （P = 0.735） during treatment. Clinical responses were 66% （group A） vs 44% （group B） after 4 wk of treatment （OR = 2.5; 95% CI： 0.64 to 9.65; P = 0.11; NNT = 4.5）. Clinical improvement in group A correlated with a decrease of IL-8 and MCP-1. Rates of adverse events did not differ significantly between both groups.
CONCLUSION： In group A （oral NAC combined with mesalamine） contrarily to group B （mesalamine alone）, the clinical improvement correlates with a decrease of chemokines such as MCP-1 and IL-8. NAC addition not produced any side effects.     

Delorme's transrectal excision for internal rectal prolapse

Surgical therapy of functional outlet obstruction in patients with internal rectal intussusception may include abdominal, perineal, or transrectal procedures. Because abdominal procedures often result in significant physiologic impact but unrelieved constipation, the authors have elected Delorme's transrectal excision for management of these patients. Since a short-term placebo effect attends many therapies, this report describes results of transrectal excision only after a threeyear postoperative period. Delorme's transrectal excision of internal intussusception accomplished sustained symptomatic relief in over 70 percent of otherwise refractory constipated patients. The association of internal intussusception with other abnormalities underscores the importance of defining both anatomic and functional components when selecting patients whose constipation may require surgical therapy. Critical technical elements, surgical pitfalls, and potential complications of the procedure are discussed.Poster presentation at the meeting of The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, Toronto, Canada, June 11 to 16, 1989.