p16、p53、BRAF、Bcl-2在卵巢浆液性肿瘤组织中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨卵巢浆液性肿瘤组织中p16、p53、BRAF、Bcl-2的表达及临床意义。方法:收集宁夏医科大学总医院病理科2017年至2018年确诊的卵巢浆液性肿瘤136例,其中浆液性囊腺瘤52例,交界性囊腺瘤22例,低级别浆液性癌18例,高级别浆液性癌44例;另收集卵巢良性肿瘤和卵巢癌手术切除标本各30例。分别采用免疫组织化学SP法检测p16、p53、BRAF、Bcl-2的表达,实时定量PCR法检测p16、p53在卵巢良恶性肿瘤组织中的表达。结果:卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤、交界性囊腺瘤、低/高级别浆液性癌组织中p16的阳性率分别为3.8%、45.5%、88.9%、81.8%,p53为0、9.1%、55.6%、45.5%,BRAF为46.2%、45.5%、22.2%、31.8%,Bcl-2为46.2%、45.5%、38.9%、47.7%。不同类型浆液性肿瘤组织中p16、p53表达均有显著性差异（P＜0.001）,但BRAF、Bcl-2表达未见明显差异。与卵巢良性肿瘤相比,p16在交界性肿瘤、卵巢癌中的阳性表达明显升高,差异有显著统计学意义（P＜0.012 5）;p53在卵巢癌中的阳性表达明显高于良性肿瘤（P＜0.001）;p16和p53的表达呈正相关（P＜0.05）。p53、Bcl-2与卵巢癌淋巴结转移有相关性（P＜0.001）,p16、p53、Bcl-2与盆腔侵犯有关（P＜0.05）,p53、BRAF、Bcl-2与CA125表达有不同程度相关性（P＜0.05）。p16、p53联合检测对卵巢癌诊断的敏感性和特异性为90.0%、76.7%。结论:p16、p53、BRAF、Bcl-2参与卵巢癌的发生发展,p16和p53基因突变可能在卵巢浆液性肿瘤的恶性进展中发挥作用,联合检测p16、p53对卵巢癌诊断有指示意义。     

P16 P53 CyclinD1在卵巢浆液性癌中的表达及意义

  目的  探讨卵巢高、低级别浆液性癌中P16蛋白、P53蛋白、CvclinDl蛋白的表达情况及意义。  方法  应用免疫组化法对45例卵巢浆液性癌(低级别19例, 高级别26例)及25例卵巢交界性浆液性囊腺瘤组织进行P16、P53、CvclinD1蛋白检测, 并分析其意义。  结果  P53在低级别癌中阳性表达率为5%, 显著低于高级别癌中的69%(P < 0.05), 而CyclinD1在低级别癌中阳性表达率为89%, 显著高于高级别癌中的15%(P < 0.05), P53和CvclinDl表现为负相关(r=0.211)。P16在低、高级别癌肿的阳性表达率分别为84%和92%, 高级别癌阳性率高于低级别癌, 但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。  结论  P53和CyclinDl在卵巢高、低级别浆液性癌中的表达有显著差异, 对于形态上介于高、低级别之间的浆液性癌, 二者可能成为分级的辅助手段。      

卵巢浆液性癌中p-Akt~（473） Ser、p53及Ki-67的表达与临床意义

目的：探讨p-Akt473Ser、p53及Ki-67蛋白在卵巢癌组织中的表达及其相互关系。方法：应用免疫组化法,检测10例正常卵巢、12例卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤、15例卵巢交界性上皮性肿瘤、60例卵巢浆液性癌中p-Akt473Ser、p53及Ki-67蛋白的表达,分析p-Akt473Ser与p53及Ki-67三者间的关系。结果：pAkt473Ser、p53及Ki-67蛋白在正常卵巢组织中的阳性蛋白率分别是10%、20%、10%;pAkt473Ser、p53及Ki-67蛋白在卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤组织中的阳性蛋白率分别是17%、25%、25%,均显著低于卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中的60%、67%、83%（P〈0.01）。pAkt473Ser、p53及Ki-67蛋白在交界性肿瘤组织中的阳性表达率分别为40%、60%、67%,交界性肿瘤与卵巢癌组织比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,而与组织学分化、临床分期有关（P〈0.01）。结论：pAkt473Ser、p53及Ki-67蛋白在卵巢癌中过表达,可能共同参与卵巢癌的发生、发展。     

卵巢浆液性癌中p-Akt473 Ser、p53及Ki-67的表达与临床意义

目的:探讨p-Akt473Ser、p53及Ki-67蛋白在卵巢癌组织中的表达及其相互关系。方法:应用免疫组化法,检测10例正常卵巢、12例卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤、15例卵巢交界性上皮性肿瘤、60例卵巢浆液性癌中p-Akt473Ser、p53及Ki-67蛋白的表达,分析p-Akt473Ser与p53及Ki-67三者间的关系。结果:pAkt473Ser、p53及Ki-67蛋白在正常卵巢组织中的阳性蛋白率分别是10%、20%、10%;pAkt473Ser、p53及Ki-67蛋白在卵巢良性上皮性肿瘤组织中的阳性蛋白率分别是17%、25%、25%,均显著低于卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织中的60%、67%、83%(P<0.01)。pAkt473Ser、p53及Ki-67蛋白在交界性肿瘤组织中的阳性表达率分别为40%、60%、67%,交界性肿瘤与卵巢癌组织比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而与组织学分化、临床分期有关(P<0.01)。结论:pAkt473Ser、p53及Ki-67蛋白在卵巢癌中过表达,可能共同参与卵巢癌的发生、发展。     

术前血清CA125水平与上皮性卵巢癌临床病理特征及预后的关系

[目的] 分析上皮性卵巢癌患者术前血清 CA125 水平和临床病理特征及预后之间的关系.[方法] 回顾性分析 279 例上皮性卵巢癌患者术前血清 CA125 水平与组织类型、分级、FIGO 分期、腹腔积液以及生存的关系.[结果] 患者的术前 CA125 水平波动范围3.6～20 220.0U/ml,中位数值为 339.2 U/ml.浆液性癌术前血清 CA125 水平明显高于非浆液性癌(P＜0.05);对非浆液性癌中不同组织类型的分析显示,黏液性癌及透明细胞癌 CA125 水平明显低于浆液性癌(P＜0.01),其余类型与浆液性癌并无明显区别(P＞0.05).早期卵巢癌(Ⅰ期)术前血清 CA125 水平明显低于中、晚期癌患者(Ⅱ～Ⅳ期) (P=0.000),在非黏液/透明细胞癌患者中,早期患者常常表现出低水平 CA125 值,预后较好;晚期患者更多表现出较高水平的血清 CA125 值,但晚期患者中,那些术前血清 CA125 水平较高的患者较那些中等水平的患者表现出更好的预后.[结论] 上皮性卵巢癌患者术前血清 CA125 水平可以反映浆液性以及其他非黏液/透明细胞癌的肿瘤负荷.     

流式细胞术检测肿瘤相关蛋白在人卵巢上皮性肿瘤裸鼠冻融卵巢组织移植中的意义

目的 通过对人卵巢上皮性肿瘤裸鼠原位移植瘤的癌旁组织相关蛋白的检测,探讨癌旁正常卵巢组织筛选的标准及冻融卵巢组织移植的可行性.方法 将人卵巢上皮性肿瘤OVCAR3细胞于裸小鼠颈背部近腋窝处皮下种植获取瘤源,行卵巢原位移植后,取癌组织、癌旁近端组织、癌旁中段组织、癌旁远端组织及正常裸鼠卵巢组织,采用流式细胞术检测各组织中的细胞角蛋白-7（CK-7）、CA125、p53、Survivin、基质金属蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）、金属蛋白酶组织抑制物-2（T1MP-2）的表达量;分别取全部指标阴性组、CK-7（-）CA125（-）Survivin（-）组、CK-7（＋）CA125（＋）Survivin（＋）组的组织、癌组织和冻融正常裸鼠卵巢组织进行移植,分析各组移植后的癌变率及CA125水平变化,同时检测原位移植后不同病变程度的裸鼠血清CA125水平.结果 从52份人卵巢上皮性肿瘤裸鼠原位移植瘤模型中获取46份（88.5％）活组织检查正常的癌旁残余卵巢组织;仅卵巢种植裸鼠血清CA125水平高于正常裸鼠（P＜0.01）,低于卵巢外种植裸鼠（P＜0.05）.原位移植瘤组织中CK-7、CA125、p53、Survivin、MMP-2及TIMP-2的表达率分别为93.3 ％（28/30）、93.3 ％（28/30）、86.7％（26/30）、86.7％（26/30）、83.3％（25/30）、83.3％（25/30）,癌旁近端组织的表达率分别为70.0％（21/30）、70.0％（21/30）、63.3％（19/30）、63.3％（19/30）、60.0％（18/30）、56.7％（17/30）,癌旁中段组织的表达率分别为33.3％（10/30）、30.0％（9/30）、30.0％（9/30）、30.0％（9/30）、26.7％（8/30）、23.3％（7/30）,癌旁远端组织的表达率分别为26.7％（8/30）、23.3％（7/30）、26.7％（8/30）、26.7 ％（8/30）、30.0％（9/30）、30.0％（9/30）;20份原位移植正常卵巢组织上述指标均为阴性.癌旁近端组织中CK-7、CA125、p53、Survivin、MMP-2及TIMP-2的表达率低于癌组织（P＜0.05）,高于癌旁中段组织及癌旁远端组织（P＜0.01）;癌旁中段组织及癌旁远端组织表达率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.癌旁组织CK-7、CA125、Survivin的强阳性表达率明显高于p53、MMP-2、TIMP-2（P＜ 0.05）.全部指标表达阴性组或CK-7（-）CA125（-）Survivin（-）组的组织移植后,未发现癌变,其癌变率及CA125水平低于CK-7（＋）CA125（＋）Survivin（＋）组（P＜0.01,P＜0.05）.结论 CK-7、CA125、p53、Survivin、MMP-2及TIMP-2等分子指标的表达向无癌方向呈递减趋势,这些肿瘤相关基因表达全部阴性或主要指标CK-7、CA125、Survivin阴性均可作为筛选癌旁残余正常卵巢组织的标准,流式细胞术可作为筛查残留癌灶及隐匿转移的有效方法;人卵巢上皮性肿瘤裸鼠冻融卵巢组织移植安全、可行.     

microRNA34a／p53信号通路在大鼠肺鳞癌发生过程中的表达及意义

目的：探讨microRNA34a／p53信号通路在大鼠肺癌发生过程中的表达及意义。方法：用免疫组化检测大鼠模型不同组织中p53蛋白表达情况;qRT－PCR技术检测正常大鼠肺组织、低级别上皮内瘤变、高级别上皮内瘤变（原位癌）、浸润癌中microRNA34a的相对表达量。结果：p53蛋白阳性表达率在正常对照组0（0／40）、低级别上皮内瘤变组45．5％（5／11）、高级别上皮内瘤变组（原位癌）76．5％（13／17）和浸润性癌组80．0％（16／20）中表达逐渐增高,阳性强度增高。p53蛋白在正常对照组与低、高级别上皮内瘤变、浸润癌阳性表达比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。microRNA34a在正常对照组、低级别上皮内瘤变组、高级别上皮内瘤变组、浸润癌组中平均表达量逐渐降低,分别为0．9890±0．0942、0．8654±0．0356、0．0446±0．0017、0．0091±0．0041,浸润癌表达水平显著低于对照组、低级别上皮内瘤变组、高级别上皮内瘤变组（P＜0．05）。p53蛋白与microRNA34a在肺癌中的表达呈负相关性（P＜0．01）。结论：microRNA34a／p53通路与肺癌的发生发展具有密切关系,联合检测有利于肺癌的早期诊断。     

表皮生长因子受体、p53、Ki-67在三阴性乳腺癌中的表达及其意义

目的 探讨表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）、p53、Ki-67在三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）中的表达及其意义.方法 回顾性分析53例TNBC和128例非三阴性乳腺癌（NTNBC）临床病理特征,并应用免疫组织化学方法检测EGFR、p53、Ki-67在两者之间的表达差异.结果 TNBC与NTNBC淋巴结转移发生率差异无统计学意义[56.6％（30/53）比43.0％（55/128）,P＞0.05],组织学Ⅰ级[9.4％（5/53）与32.8％（42/128）]、Ⅲ级[50.9％（27/53）与22.7％（29/128）]所占比例差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;TNBC中浸润性小叶癌较少[5.7％（3/53）],髓样癌较多[15.1％（8/53）],与NTNBC [19.5％（25/128）、3.1％（4/128）]相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;EGFR、p53、Ki-67在TNBC与NTNBC中的表达率分别为62.3％（33/53）与25.0％（32/128）、71.7％（38/53）与47.7％（61/128）、84.9％（45/53）与70.3％（90/128）,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜ 0.05）.结论 TNBC有其独特的临床病理特征,EGFR、p53、Ki-67在TNBC中高表达,提示其恶性程度高,侵袭性强,预后差,EGFR、p53、Ki-67表达可以作为评估TNBC预后的重要参考因素.     

子宫内膜癌中P53、Ki-67和CA125的表达

目的 探讨子宫内膜癌组织中P53、Ki-67和血清中CA125的表达及其临床意义.方法 采用免疫组化染色检测35例子宫内膜癌(试验组)和30例子宫内膜增生(对照组)组织中P53和Ki-67蛋白表达情况,并采用放射免疫法测定2组患者血清中CA125水平.结果 P53蛋白在试验组有22例呈阳性表达,Ki-67蛋白有24例呈阳性表达,且两者在对照组均呈阴性表达(P＜0.05).血清CA125水平在试验组为(32.19±12.35)u·L-1,高于对照组的(8.23±2.58)u·L-1 (P ＜0.05).结论 P53、Ki-67和CA125在子宫内膜癌的发生、发展中起着重要的作用,三者联合检测不但可以指导临床治疗,同时也可用于观察疗效和判断预后.     

Characterization of active mitogen-activated protein kinase in ovarian serous carcinomas.

PURPOSE: Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays a pivotal role in signal transduction. Activation of MAPK is regulated by upstream kinases including KRAS and BRAF, which are frequently mutated in low-grade ovarian serous carcinoma. This study evaluates the expression of active MAPK in ovarian serous carcinomas, with response to treatment and survival. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Expression of active MAPK was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 207 cases of ovarian serous tumors. Immunoreactivity was correlated with tumor grade, mutational status of KRAS and BRAF, in vitro drug resistance, and clinical outcome. RESULT: There was a lower frequency of expression of active MAPK in high-grade ovarian serous carcinomas as compared with low-grade serous tumors, including borderline tumors and low-grade serous carcinoma (P < 0.001). Active MAPK was present in all of the 19 low-grade tumors with either KRAS or BRAF mutations as well as in 14 (41%) of 34 tumors with wild-type KRAS and BRAF in both low- and high-grade carcinomas. Expression of active MAPK alone served as a good survival indicator in the 2-year follow-up (P = 0.037) but not in the 5-year follow-up (P = 0.145). However, a combination of expression of active MAPK and in vitro sensitivity of paclitaxel significantly correlated with a better prognosis in 5-year survival rate (P = 0.048) in patients with advanced-stage high-grade serous carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Active MAPK is more frequently expressed in low-grade than in high-grade ovarian serous carcinoma. Active MAPK serves as a good prognostic marker in patients with high-grade serous carcinomas.     

EphB1在卵巢浆液性腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨受体酪氨酸激酶EphB1在卵巢浆液性腺癌中的表达水平及其与临床病理特征和预后的关系。方法 采用免疫组化染色法检测EphB1在74例卵巢浆液性腺癌组织中的表达情况,将免疫组化检测结果分为低表达（＜6分）和高表达（≥6分）;分析其表达与临床病理特征和预后的关系。结果 74例卵巢浆液性腺癌组织中EphB1阳性表达67例（90.5％）,阴性表达7例（9.5％）;高表达42例（56.8％）,低表达32例（43.2％）。EphB1表达在不同WHO分级、肿瘤直径、MDACC分级、转移情况及Ki-67指数间的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;在不同年龄、发生部位、临床分期和复发情况间的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。EphB1高表达患者的3、5年生存率分别为71.2%和65.5%,低表达者均为68.3%,差异均无统计学意义（P＜0.05）;当随访时间＞6年,EphB1低表达者的生存率较高表达者有下降趋势。结论 EphB1在卵巢浆液性腺癌组织中阳性表达,且以高表达为主,与卵巢癌的发展及分化程度有关,有可能成为卵巢浆液性腺癌预后的新标志物。     

Expression of cell-cycle regulatory proteins and their prognostic value in superficial low-grade urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder.

AIMS: Cell-cycle regulatory proteins are important indicators in determining progression trough the cell-cycle and progression to invasive cancer in patients presenting with superficial bladder cancer. We performed an immunohistochemical study in order to evaluate the prognostic value of the expression of p16, p27, pRb, p53 and Ki-67 in superficial grade I and II papillary urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder. METHODS: p16, p27, p53, pRb and Ki-67 immunoexpression was studied in 14 pTa, 35 pT1a and 7 pT1b bladder tumours at presentation and at recurrence of their tumours. The recurrence-free survival and the progression-free survival were analysed according to these regulatory cell-cycle proteins expression. RESULTS: For survival in univariate analysis a high Ki-67 labelling index was a poor prognostic factor for recurrence-free and progression-free survival (P=0.0014 and P=0.012, respectively). Ki-67 labelling index was also an independent recurrence-free survival prognostic factor (P=0.0005). The p16, p27, p53 and pRb immunoreactivity was not significantly associated with recurrence or progression rate in this group of bladder carcinomas. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the Ki-67 labelling index can be a reliable marker in predicting recurrence and/or progression in superficial low-grade bladder carcinomas and may be relevant in planning adjuvant therapy.     

Analysis of Ki-67, p53 and Bcl-2 expression in the dysplasia-carcinoma sequence of Barrett's esophagus.

The grading of dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus has prognostic importance, however observer variation limits the reliability of simple histological analysis alone. We investigated Ki-67, p53 and Bcl-2 expression in Barrett's esophagus, in the sequence from Barrett's low-grade dysplasia to high-grade dysplasia and infiltrating adenocarcinoma. Forty-four esophagectomy specimens were utilized: 39 specimens with esophageal dysplasia and adenocarcinoma and 5 specimens with esophageal dysplasia only. This gave 83 sections (2 sections for specimens with dyplasia and carcinoma) examined from 44 patients. The sections were examined for Ki-67, p53 and Bcl-2 reactivity by immunohistochemistry. Low-grade dysplasia was present in 14 sections, high-grade dysplasia in 30 sections and carcinoma in 39 sections. Ki-67 expression occurred in 2 out of 14 (14%) sections with low-grade dysplasia, in 22 out of 30 (73%) sections with high-grade dysplasia and in 34 out of 39 (87%) sections with carcinoma (p<0.001). p53 protein expression was found in 1 of 14 (7%) sections with low-grade dysplasia, in 18 of 30 (60%) sections with high-grade dysplasia and in 33 of 39 (85%) sections with carcinoma (p<0.001). Expression of Bcl-2 was found in 11 of 14 (84%) sections with low-grade dysplasia but immunoreactivity was not seen in any section with high-grade dysplasia or Barrett's carcinoma. Our results indicate that overexpression of Ki-67, Bcl-2 protein and p53 mutations can be identified as early events during neoplastic progression in Barrett's esophagus. These data support the hypothesis that, in the progression of Barrett's metaplasia to adenocarcinoma, the balance of proliferation/apoptosis plays an important role.     

CD117, Ki-67, and p53 predict survival in neuroendocrine carcinomas,but not within the subgroup of small cell lung carcinoma

High-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are aggressive tumors with limited treatment options. Recently, studies have observed that the tyrosine kinase receptor CD117 is often overexpressed in this malignancy. As a result, CD117 has been identified as a target for therapy via the small molecule, tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib mesylate. In the present study, 17 low-grade, 4 intermediate-grade, and 76 high-grade NECs were immunostained for CD117, Ki-67, and p53. Overexpression of the three markers was mainly, but not exclusively seen in the high-grade NECs. Patients with overexpression of CD117 and p53 and increased Ki-67 expression showed reduced survival. However, no difference in survival was observed when the same analysis was applied solely to small cell lung cancer patients, the largest subset studied. These findings suggest that overexpression of CD117, p53, and Ki-67 reflects tumor grade and predicts survival in NECs, but fail as prognostic markers in the subset of small cell lung cancer patients.