卵巢癌患者化疗期间症状群与日常生活的相关性研究

目的探索卵巢癌患者化疗期间症状群及其对日常生活的影响。方法采用中文版安德森症状评估量表和自行设计的卵巢癌特异性症状模块对135例卵巢癌化疗患者进行调查;探索性因子分析法提取症状群,多元回归分析症状群对患者日常生活的影响。结果卵巢癌患者化疗期间各症状发生率为6.67%~99.26%,日常生活困扰发生率为51.85%~100%;存在胃肠道、疾病行为、围绝经期、情绪紊乱、性特征及治疗相关六大症状群。六大症状群对患者日常生活的困扰有显著影响(均P<0.01),可解释总变异的93.6%。结论卵巢癌患者化疗期间存在多个严重影响其日常生活的症状群,医护人员应准确及时地评估症状,对症状群进行有效管理,以改善患者的生活质量。     

Health-related quality of life,depression and mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients in Turkey: seven-year experience of a center

Introduction: Impairment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and being in a depressive mood were found to be associated with increased mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. We aimed to investigate the association between HRQoL, depression, other factors and mortality in PD patients. Materials and methods: Totally 171 PD patients were included and followed for 7 years in this prospective study. Results: Of 171 PD patients, 45 (26.3%) deceased, 18 (10.5%) maintained on PD, 87 (50.9%) shifted to hemodialysis (HD) and 21 (12.3%) underwent transplantation. The most common cause of death was cardiovascular disease (32, 71.1%) followed by infection (6, 13.3%), cerebrovascular accident (5, 11.2%). The etiology of patients who shifted to HD was PD failure (41, 47.1%), peritonitis (33, 37.9%), leakage (6, 6.9%), catheter dysfunction (3, 3.4%), self willingness (4, 4.6%). Non-survivors were older than survivors (56.6?±?15.0 vs. 43.6?±?14.6, p?=?0.003). There were also statistically significant difference in terms of albumin, residual urine, presence of diabetes and co-morbidity. When the groups were compared regarding HRQoL scores, non-survivors had lower physical functioning (p?<?0.001), role-physical (p?=?0.0045), general health (p?=?0.004), role-emotional (p?=?0.011), physical component scale (PCS) (p?=?0.004), mental component scale (MCS) (p?=?0.029). Age, presence of residual urine, diabetes, albumin, PCS and MCS were entered in regression analysis. Decrease of 1?g/dL of albumin and being diabetic were found to be the independent predictors of mortality. Conclusions: Diabetes and hypoalbuminemia but not HRQOL scores were associated with higher mortality in PD patients after 7 years of following period.     

The incidence of pain and its association with quality of life in patients with peritoneal dialysis

BackgroundThe aims of this study were to investigate the incidence of pain in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and to analyze the correlation between pain and quality of life.MethodsPD patients who followed up in our PD center from March 2016 to December 2017 were included. The Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire was used to assess pain status. Depression status, sleep quality, quality of life and clinical data were also collected.ResultsA total of 463 PD patients were included, of whom 153 patients (33.1%) with pain. The main cause of pain was calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorder (51.6%). About 101 patients (66.0%) had multiple sites of pain, and 28 patients (18.3%) with pain were treated with analgesic drugs. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that older age (OR = 1.026; p = 0.032) and higher intact parathyroid hormone level (OR = 1.043; p = 0.040) were independent risk factors for pain in PD patients. Multivariate analysis showed that score of pain rating index was an independent risk factor for depressive symptoms (OR = 1.100; p = 0.015), the score of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (B = 0.005; p = 0.044) and the score of physical component scale (B= −0.727; p = 0.016) in PD patients.ConclusionsThe incidence of pain in PD patients was 33.1%. Older age and higher intact parathyroid hormone level were independent risk factors for pain. Pain was independently associated with depressive symptoms, sleep quality and quality of life in PD patients.     

Symptom burden, quality of life, advance care planning and the potential value of palliative care in severely ill haemodialysis patients.

BACKGROUND: There has been little research on the potential value of palliative care for dialysis patients. In this pilot study, we sought (i) to identify symptom burden, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and advance directives in extremely ill haemodialysis patients to determine their suitability for palliative care and (ii) to determine the acceptability of palliative care to patients and nephrologists. METHODS: Nineteen haemodialysis patients with modified Charlson co-morbidity scores of > or =8 were recruited. Each completed surveys to assess symptom burden, HRQoL and prior advance care planning. Palliative care specialists then visited patients twice and generated recommendations. Patients again completed the surveys, and dialysis charts were reviewed to assess nephrologists' (i) compliance with recommendations and (ii) documentation of symptoms reported by patients on the symptom assessment survey. Patients and nephrologists then completed surveys assessing their satisfaction with palliative care. RESULTS: Patients reported 10.5 symptoms, 40% of which were noted by nephrologists in patients' charts. HRQoL was significantly impaired. Thirty-two percent of patients had living wills. No differences were observed in symptoms, HRQoL or number of patients establishing advance directives as a result of the intervention. Sixty-eight percent of patients and 76% of nephrologists rated the intervention worthwhile. CONCLUSIONS: Extremely ill dialysis patients have marked symptom burden, considerably impaired HRQoL and frequently lack advance directives, making them appropriate candidates for palliative care. Patients and nephrologists perceive palliative care favourably despite its lack of effect in this study. A more sustained palliative care intervention with a larger sample size should be attempted to determine its effect on the care of this population.     

Important determinants of quality of life in a peritoneal dialysis population in Turkey

Background: Patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important indicator for predicting the effectiveness of treatment, morbidity, and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the level of HRQoL and the most important factors affecting HRQoL in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed with 156 patients, 30 of whom (19.2%) had automated PD (APD), were over 18 years of age, and were followed up at the Erciyes University Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) Unit during the previous year. HRQoL, depression, and fatigue were measured by means of the Short Form-36 (SF-36), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), respectively. Results: The mean mental component summary (MCS) score was 42.1 ± 11.9 and physical component summary (PCS) score was 39.1 ± 11.2, which was lower than MCS. Depression was the strongest predictor for both diminished mental (β = ?24.4, p < 0.001) and physical (β = ?16.5, p < 0.001) HRQoL. Fatigue was the next strongest predictor for diminished physical HRQoL only (β = ?7.74, p < 0.001). Depression and fatigue accounted for 37% of physical HRQoL impairment. Depression as a sole factor was responsible for 31% of mental HRQoL impairment. Age, hospitalization, total cholesterol, serum albumin levels, and Kt/V urea had affected the SF-36 in some domains score but not in all. Conclusion: HRQoL in our PD patients can be evaluated at a slightly poor level compared to the results of previous studies. Impaired HRQoL is more closely associated with depression and fatigue. Depression was the strongest predictor of both mental and physical HRQoL. Fatigue was the next strongest predictor for physical HRQoL only.     

Predictors for quality of life in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients

Aim: Peritoneal dialysis patients have diminished quality of life scores compared with healthy subjects. Measures of quality of life have been reported to have a significant predictive value for patient survival and hospitalization in peritoneal dialysis patients. The purpose of this study is to determine the clinical, biochemical and psychological predictors for the quality of life in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 60 CAPD patients (male/female 33/27; age 45.5 ± 15.7 years, CAPD duration 43.4 ± 32.7 months). Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index was used for assessing sleep quality. We evaluated each patient's depressive symptoms with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Quality of life parameters were assessed by the self-administered SF-36 generic health survey questionnaire. In all patients, demographic variables, personality traits and habits, Charlson Comorbidity Index, clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded and analysed. Results: A Pearson bivariate correlation analysis revealed that total quality of life score was negatively correlated with Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (–0.533, P < 0.0001), BDI (−0.642, P < 0.0001) scores, C-reactive protein (−0.588, P = 0.001), and positively correlated with blood urea nitrogen (0.336, P = 0.02) and albumin (0.351, P = 0.01). BDI scores (β = −0.505, P = 0.001) and the serum albumin levels (β = 0.324, P = 0.009) were the significant independent predictors of quality of life. Conclusion: Poor sleep quality, presence of depression, higher C-reactive protein and lower albumin levels are associated with poorer quality of life. In order to improve life quality in CAPD patients, quality of sleep, depression and nutritional status should be serially evaluated and given appropriate treatment when required.     

Health status and quality of life reported by incident patients after 1 year on haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that there are no large differences in the quality of life of incident patients starting on haemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD), but few studies have addressed this issue. METHODS: Association of modality with incident patients' health status and quality of life scores was investigated with propensity score (PS) analysis and also with traditional multivariable regression analyses. We compared patient reported health status and quality of life scores after 1 year of therapy in 455 HD and 413 PD patients who participated in a national study, stayed on the same modality and had complete socio-demographic and clinical information needed to create a PS indicating their expected probability of starting on PD. RESULTS: One year scores on the majority of health status and quality of life measures were not significantly different for HD and PD patients within propensity-matched quintiles. PD patients' scores were higher than HD patients' scores on effects of kidney disease, burden of kidney disease, staff encouragement and satisfaction with care in some quintiles, and traditional regression analyses confirmed that dialysis modality was associated with patients' scores on these variables. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides support for making the choice of PD more widely available as an option to patients initiating chronic dialysis therapy. Patient lifestyle opportunities associated with use of PD, a home-based and self-care therapy, may also apply to home-based HD or in-centre self-care HD. Patients' expectations regarding treatment and their attitudes toward management of their health may interact with treatment modality to shape patient-reported experience on dialysis; this is an important focus for future studies.     

鼻咽癌出院5年患者症状群与生活质量的相关性研究

目的 调查鼻咽癌出院5年患者症状群的构成,分析症状群与生活质量的相关性.方法 采用一般资料表、M.D.Anderson症状调查表-头颈部、生活质量量表对131例患者进行调查,采用探索性因子方法提取症状群、Spearman分析症状群与生活质量的相关性.结果 鼻咽癌出院5年患者疲劳(99.2％)、口干(97.7％)、健忘(...     

腹膜透析患者自我调节疲劳与生活质量的纵向研究

目的 探讨腹膜透析患者不同阶段自我调节疲劳及生活质量的动态变化,并分析二者相关性。方法 采用便利抽样法,使用自行设计的患者一般资料调查表、自我调节疲劳量表、肾脏病专用生活质量简表对150例腹膜透析患者在置管后1、3、6、12个月时对其开展追踪调查。结果 患者生活质量处于中等偏低水平且呈逐步下降趋势,自我调节疲劳程度处于中等偏高且呈逐渐上升趋势。置管后1、3、6、12个月患者自我调节疲劳与生活质量呈负相关（均P＜0.05）。结论 腹膜透析患者自我调节疲劳及生活质量呈动态变化,自我调节疲劳水平越低时,其生活质量越高。医护人员应重视患者不同阶段的自我调节疲劳水平,实施个性化的干预指导,降低自我控制资源损耗程度,以提高患者生活质量。     

卵巢癌患者症状群与生活质量的动态研究

目的探索卵巢癌患者诊疗不同阶段症状群的构成及动态变化,分析症状群与生活质量的相关性。方法采用前瞻性纵向研究方法,应用安德森症状评估量表、自行设计的卵巢癌特异性症状模块、卵巢癌治疗功能评估量表,对104例卵巢癌患者于手术前3d、卵巢癌肿瘤细胞减灭术后3d、首次化疗结束后行动态跟踪调查。结果卵巢癌患者术前存在情感、病感、疼痛相关3个症状群,术后存在5个症状群,新增围绝经期症状群、性特征症状群,化疗后存在6个症状群,新增胃肠道症状群;症状群与生活质量呈显著负相关(P0.05,P0.01)。结论卵巢癌患者在诊疗过程中存在影响生活质量的多个症状群,且随疾病诊疗进展呈现动态改变。医护人员应把握这一特点,动态评估和管理症状,提高患者的生活质量。     

Restless legs syndrome, insomnia and quality of life in patients on maintenance dialysis.

BACKGROUND: In a cross-sectional study, we analysed the complex relationship between restless legs syndrome (RLS), insomnia and specific insomnia symptoms and health-related quality of life (QoL) in patients on maintenance dialysis. METHODS: Data were obtained from 333 patients on chronic maintenance dialysis. To assess the prevalence of RLS, we used the RLS Questionnaire (RLSQ). The Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) was used to assess insomnia and QoL was measured with the Kidney Disease Quality-of-Life Questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of RLS was 14%. The number of comorbid conditions was significantly higher in patients with vs without RLS (median: three vs two; P<0.05). RLS patients were twice as likely to have significant insomnia as patients without RLS (35% vs 16%; P<0.05). Furthermore, RLS was associated with impaired overall sleep quality (median AIS score: 8 vs 4; P<0.01) and poorer QoL. RLS was a significant and independent predictor of several of the QoL domains after statistical adjustment for clinical and socio-demographic covariables. Importantly, this association remained significant even after adjusting for sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS: RLS is associated with poor sleep, increased odds for insomnia and impaired QoL in patients on maintenance dialysis. Based on the present results, we suggest that both sleep-related and sleep-independent factors may confer the effect of RLS on QoL.     

慢性前列腺炎患者生活质量临床调查

目的调查慢性前列腺炎(chronic prostatitis,CP)患者生活质量及性生活质量状况并分析影响生活质量及性生活质量的相关因素;方法随机选择CP患者,无记名填写CP症状评分量表(NIH-CPSI)、性功能评价表及年龄、病程等,并进行统计分析。结果CP总症状评分5~35分,平均(20.69±7.02)分;生活质量评分2~12分,平均(8.47±2.49)分;性生活质量总分18~53分,平均(38.79±7.55)分;生活质量评分与前列腺炎症状总分、疼痛及排尿症状评分之间有显著相关性;与性功能总评分、射精潜伏期、射精控制能力、性生活满意度、性生活自信度及性生活焦虑评分之间有显著相关性,与年龄、病程、前列腺液内白细胞及卵磷脂数量无显著相关性。结论CP导致生活质量、性生活质量下降,生活质量下降与患者CP症状、性功能下降、性生活满意度降低及配偶性生活满意度降低有关,生活质量及性生活质量下降与年龄、病程及前列腺液内白细胞及卵磷脂数量无明显相关性。     

Health profiles and health preferences of dialysis patients.

BACKGROUND: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of haemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients has been assessed with health profiles and health preferences methods. Few studies have used both types of HRQOL instruments. The main objective of this study was to assess the relationship between information from the two types of HRQOL instruments in dialysis patients. METHODS: We interviewed 135 patients, using two health profiles (Short Form 36 and EuroQol/EQ-5D) and two health preferences methods (Standard Gamble and Time Trade Off). Socio-demographic, clinical, and treatment-related background data were collected from patient charts and during the interview. Relationships between the outcome measures were assessed with Pearson correlation coefficients. Multiple regression models were used to study the relationship of HRQOL outcomes to background variables. RESULTS: The HRQOL of dialysis patients as measured with health profiles was severely impaired. The health preferences scores were higher (0.82-0.89) than scores previously reported in the literature. Correlations between health profiles and health preferences were poor to modest. HRQOL outcomes were poorly explained by background characteristics. Differences between HD and PD groups could not be demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS: Health profiles and health preferences represent different aspects of HRQOL. An impaired health status may not be reflected in the preference scores. Coping strategies and other attitudes towards health may affect the preference scores more than they influence health profile outcomes. The added value of health preferences methods in clinical research is limited.     

69例腹膜透析患者生活质量分析

目的探讨本中心腹膜透析（PeritonealDialysis,PD）对慢性肾衰竭患者生活质量的影响,并初步分析影响PD患者生活质量的因素。方法肾内科腹膜透析患者69例,运用KDQOL-SFTMl．3（包括健康调查简表MedicalOutcomesStudyHealthStatusShortForm,SF-36和Kidneydiseasetargetarea,KDTA）生活质量量表调查,根据Hays方法进行评分。结果（1）男性PD患者与女性PD患者在KDTA和SF-36总分方面有显著性差异。（2）每天透析剂量6000ml以上PD患者与每天透析剂量在6000ml以下的PD患者在KDTA和SF-36总分方面有显著性差异。（3）PD患者的生活质量与透析时间的长短明显相关。（4）40岁以下患者在KDTA和SF-36的总分方面与4（J岁以上患者无明显差异（P〉0．05）。（5）透析费用支付方式对PD患者的生活质量影响明显,医疗保险的PD患者的生活质量评分在KDTA及SF-36总分方面明显高于新农合的PD患者。结论影响PD患者生活质量的因素除医学因素外,非医学因素亦占重要地位。     

Factors affecting health-related quality of life among patients with lower urinary tract symptoms

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the association of factors such as pain, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), anxiety, depression and psychiatric morbidity on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with LUTS. METHODS: A total of 227 patients with LUTS were recruited into the study. The patients were assessed on pain, LUTS, anxiety, depression, psychiatric morbidity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using standardized questionnaires. RESULTS: The study showed that after adjustment, age, pain, anxiety, depression, psychiatric morbidity and LUTS contributed 31%, 13%, 45%, 16% and 48% respectively to the variability of the physical, mental, social, global and overall HRQoL. CONCLUSION: Age, pain, psychiatric morbidity, anxiety and depression are associated with HRQoL among patients with LUTS.     

Health-related quality of life in patients on peritoneal dialysis in Serbia: comparison with hemodialysis

Abstract:  Patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important indicator of the effectiveness of the medical care they receive. Patients who reach end-stage renal disease are older and have a considerable extent of comorbidity. The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate HRQoL in patients at the initiation of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) treatment (incident cohort) and in patients on long-term CAPD therapy (prevalent cohort), and (ii) to compare influence of comorbidity on HRQoL in CAPD and hemodialysis (HD) patients. In a cross-sectional study we enrolled 99 CAPD and 192 HD patients. HRQoL was assessed with the 36-item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36). HRQoL summary scales in both incident and prevalent groups of CAPD patients were similar for physical component summary score (PCS) and for mental component summary score (MCS). Generally, higher values were found in mental health domains in comparison to PCS. In the incident group of patients, 1 year of peritoneal dialysis treatment was associated with a slight improvement in both PCS and MCS, but statistical significance ( P  < 0.05) was found in the role-physical limitation (RP), bodily pain (BP), and vitality (VT) scales only. CAPD patients with the highest disease severity (Index of Disease Severity [IDS]-3) and physical impairment (Index of Physical Impairment [IPI]-2) scored significantly higher parameters of HRQoL than HD patients. Comorbidity had negative influence on HRQoL, but statistically significant correlation has been found in HD patients only. In conclusion, comorbid conditions had negative correlation with parameters of HRQoL in both CAPD and HD patients. One year after starting CAPD, patients reported better scores in some domains, especially in RP, BP, and VT scales. Assessment of HRQoL and comorbidity might be useful in clinical practice in the follow-up of patients treated with both CAPD and HD.     

血液透析和腹膜透析患者生存质量的多中心调查

目的评估我国广东省南部血液透析(血透)和腹膜透析(腹透)患者生存质量的状况;比较血透和腹透患者生存质量差异;探讨影响血透和腹透患者生存质量的基本因素.方法采取多中心研究方法.病例选自广东省南部,而主要是广州市的9家大医院的维持性血透、腹透3个月以上的患者,其中血透180例,腹透122例.使用KDQOL-SFTM表进行问卷调查,根据Hays RD提供的方法进行评分.结果 (1)血透患者肾脏病和透析相关生存质量(KDTA)总分为51.2±10.6,SF-36总分为48.2±19.9;腹透患者KDTA总分为56.3±12.3,SF-36总分为47.8±16.8.血透多数领域评分较欧美日同类报道为低;腹透仅部分领域低于香港特别行政区,但总体评分与香港特别行政区同类报道无显著差异.(2)比较研究提示腹透总体评分高于血透,但进一步的分层研究提示血透与腹透的生存质量差异主要是在透析的前2年.(3)血透男性患者在KDTA和SF-36及其它5个领域优于血透女性患者;而腹透男女患者之间KDTA和SF-36总分无显著差异.无论男女,腹透患者在多个领域均优于同性别血透患者.(4)血透患者的青年组(＜45岁)与中年组(45～60岁)、老年组(＞60岁)相比,在KDTA和SF-36总体水平无显著差异,仅在体能相关领域高于中老年组.腹透患者青年组在KDTA和SF-36总分以及多个分支领域明显高于中老年组患者,同时,腹透患者在不同年龄组的多个领域优于同年龄段血透患者.(5)在生存质量的总体变化趋势方面,血透患者初始的生存质量较低,透析1～2年时的生存质量逐渐提高,2～4年处于高峰,以后开始下降;腹透患者生存质量的趋势KDTA比较平稳,但2年后SF-36呈明显下降趋势.(6)多元回归分析提示,对KDTA和SF-36总体生存质量的影响因素分别为透析方式、年龄、性别和透析时间.结论 (1)广东省南部,而主要是广州市的血透和腹透患者生存质量状况的总体水平仍低于西方国家和香港特别行政区.(2)慢性肾衰竭患者一体化治疗的前2年可首选腹透.(3)血透和腹透患者的KDTA和SF-36生存质量的趋势不同,腹透不仅适合老年患者,更适合年轻患者和女性患者.(4)透析方式、透析时间、性别和年龄影响透析患者的生存质量,但影响程度和领域各不相同.