两种不同放液方法在环扎加压术中使用的比较

目的 比较2种不同的放液方法在环扎加压术中使用后对于手术成功率以及手术并发症的影响。方法 回顾性分析同一手术者在2002年1月至2003年3月间所进行的80眼环扎加压手术，其中38眼为使用巩膜切开法冷针放液(2002年1月～10月)，42眼为冷针直接穿刺放液(2002年11月～2003年3月)，比较不同的放液方法对于手术成功率和手术中并发症出现的比率的影响。结果 两种不同的手术方法，手术成功率和并发症出现率差异无显著性。结论 冷针直接穿刺放液法是一种安全有效的放出视网膜下液(SRF)的方法。     

巩膜扣带术治疗陈旧性孔源性视网膜脱离

目的探讨巩膜扣带术治疗陈旧性孔源性视网膜脱离的临床疗效。方法对41例（46眼）巩膜扣带术治疗陈旧性孔源性视网膜脱离的临床资料,及其临床特征、手术方式、手术并发症及手术效果等进行回顾性分析。结果30眼采用巩膜环扎外加压术,12眼采用巩膜环扎术,4眼采用巩膜外加压术治疗;术中36眼放液,10眼未放液治疗。一次手术成功39眼（84.78%）。术中是否选择放液对一次成功的视网膜复位率无明显影响。最终随访44眼视网膜复位,治愈率达到95.65%。术后35眼（76.09%）视力较术前提高。结论巩膜环扎,外加压术联合术中放液或不放液是治疗陈旧性孔源性视网膜脱离的有效方法。     

Anatomic and visual results in asymptomatic clinical rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repaired by scleral buckling

PURPOSE: To report presenting characteristics as well as anatomic and visual results in asymptomatic clinical rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repaired by scleral buckling. METHODS: Review of 28 eyes of 27 patients with an asymptomatic clinical retinal detachment-defined as a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with subretinal fluid extending more than 2 disk diameters posterior to the equator-which were repaired by scleral buckling from January 1989 through December 1996 with follow-up of 6 months or longer. RESULTS: With a single scleral buckling procedure, anatomic reattachment of the retina occurred in all eyes; one eye redetached 14 months after the initial surgery secondary to a new retinal break and was successfully reattached. All eyes had best-corrected presenting and final visual acuity of 20/50 or better. Final best-corrected Snellen visual acuity was within 1 line of best-corrected presenting visual acuity in 82% of eyes; three eyes improved more than 1 line of Snellen visual acuity and two eyes lost more than 1 line. CONCLUSION: Anatomic and visual results in asymptomatic clinical rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after scleral buckling surgery are excellent. Strong consideration should be given to repair of these detachments.     

External Approach Microsurgery of Retinal Dialysis

Purpose: To explore the effect of external approach microsurgery in retinal dialysis. Methods: Consecutive 30 eyes of 28 patients with retinal dialysis were enrolled for this study. The progresses of the external approach microsurgery were following. Under the surgical microscopy, the preplacement of mattress sutures for buckling and/or encircling following retrobulbar anesthesia and scleral exposure, draining subretinal fluid, the cryotherapy of retinal breaks, checking the position of breaks on scleral buckle and gases injection were performed in turn. Results: After drainage of subretinal fluid, with scleral depression cryotherapy reaction around breaks could be observed clearly under the microscopy. All breaks were located on anterior slope of the buckle. Intraoperative complications were mild subretinal hemorrhage at drainage site and corneal epithelium exfoliation in 3 eyes, respectively. Postoperative complications were mainly secondary glaucoma and retinal redetachment. The one-operation reattaeh     

显微镜直视下巩膜外顶压及冷凝术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离

目的观察显微镜直视下巩膜外顶压及冷凝术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的疗效。方法142例（142眼）孔源性视网膜脱离应用显微镜直视下用冷凝头顶压巩膜，确定裂孔及变性区的部位并冷凝，巩膜外加压，术中不引流视网膜下液，术后观察视力、眼压、视网膜复位情况。结果142眼全部一次视网膜完全复位，视网膜下液1d吸收者98眼，2～3d吸收者44眼，术后视力均有不同程度的提高。随访3～6月，复发1眼。结论显微镜直视下巩膜外顶压及冷凝术治疗原发性视网膜脱离，在成功封闭裂孔后，视网膜下液可自行吸收，可有效减少放液所带来的并发症，具有方便、准确、可靠的特点。     

巩膜扣带术治疗原发性非增生性视网膜脱离

目的观察巩膜扣带术治疗原发性(孔源性)非增生性视网膜脱离的疗效。方法36例(36眼)行巩膜扣带术。均按我们提出的视网膜脱离手术的3项要求(准确的裂孔定位,适度的冷凝和恰当的放置外垫压物)进行手术。术后随访,观察视网膜复位情况,视力、眼压及并发症。结果视网膜复位30眼(83.33%),失败6眼(16.67%),失败原因:1眼发生鱼嘴现象,3眼裂孔封闭不良,2眼垫压偏位。术后视力提高33眼,不变2眼,下降1眼。眼压升高3眼,服药后恢复正常。垫压物松动,环扎带移位及冷凝过度各1眼。结论巩膜扣带术治疗非增生性原发性视网膜脱离简单可靠。应用间接检眼镜直视下手术可大大提高手术成功率。     

球形孔源性视网膜脱离的手术探讨

目的：探讨球形孔源性视网膜脱离的手术方法选择与手术预后,方法：回顾性分析1999年在我院手术的球形视网膜脱离患者161例161眼资料。最终手术采用环扎加压不放液53眼,环扎加压放液75眼,玻璃体手术33眼,平均随访3个月。结果：出院时手术复位159眼,复位率98．8％,随访期间复发2眼,最终手术成功157眼,成功率97．5％,术后视力有明显提高,结论：球形孔源性视网膜脱离由于其发病急,就诊快,只要手术方法选择适当,大部分还是可以取得成功,对于膜形成严重,裂孔多,大,靠后,或再手术病例,采用玻璃体手术,其术后解剖复位率和视功能恢复还是相当满意的。     

不放液的巩膜外垫压治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的疗效

目的:探讨不放液的巩膜外垫压治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的临床疗效.方法:回顾性分析2012-01/2017-01我院收治的孔源性视网膜脱离患者111例113眼,所有纳入研究的病例均采用双目间接检眼镜下视网膜裂孔定位、巩膜外冷凝、巩膜外垫压的手术方法.术中98眼单纯巩膜外垫压,15眼术后玻璃体腔注射消毒空气,所有病例均行变性区及裂孔处巩膜外冷凝,结扎缝线前行前房穿刺放液.术后观察最终视网膜复位率、术后最佳矫正视力、眼压、并发症情况.结果:术后随访6 mo.视网膜最终复位率97.4%;术后视力提高91眼(80.5%).术后高眼压均能控制.术中发生并发症共7眼,术后并发症3眼.结论:不放液的巩膜外垫压术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的并发症少,疗效肯定.     

直视下巩膜环扎加压术治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的疗效观察

目的探讨直视下孔源性视网膜脱离复位手术的临床效果。方法孔源性视网膜脱离16例（16眼）由同一术者进行外路手术,术前三面镜下,间接检眼镜下仔细严格定位裂孔,术中肉眼下大致定位,全部行环扎并裂孔变性区外垫压,根据裂孔大小冷凝或非冷凝,尽可能安全放液,根据眼压,裂孔形态,部位选择注入气体填充物,定期观察术后视力、眼内反应和视网膜复位情况。结果16例视网膜脱离手术患者,术后随访半年,视网膜完全复位14眼（87．5％）,视力较术前提高12只眼（75％）,不变3只眼（18．75％）,不完全复位少量视网膜下液吸收缓慢1眼,再次脱离行玻璃体切割手术视网膜复位1眼（6．25％）。最好矫正视力0．1以上10只眼（62．5％）。结论手术前的仔细检查定位裂孔,环扎术避免遗漏裂孔及变性区均为直视下外路治疗孔源性视网膜脱离提供安全有效的保证,为眼科医师提供新的视网膜脱离手术方式的选择,且手术时间较短,操作相对简单,疗效有明确的保证。     

在显微镜下联合间接眼底镜行视网膜脱离非凝固手术

目的:探讨显微镜联合间接眼底镜行外路视网膜脱离非凝固手术的可行性及效果。方法:2007-01/08对50例50眼孔源性视网膜脱离患者,在显微镜下行球结膜环形剪开、四直肌预置牵引线、巩膜外放液或不放液、放置或不放置环扎条带、巩膜缝线固定硅胶(或硅海绵)外加压块、缝合球结膜,在间接眼底镜下行视网膜裂孔定位及术毕眼底检查,术中对裂孔未作凝固处理。术后裂孔周围行激光光凝。手术后随访3~9mo。结果:所有患者手术过程顺利,平均手术时间缩短。手术中并发症:1例术中视网膜下出血;手术后随访3~9mo,视网膜完全复位47眼,1眼出血性视网膜脱离经保守治疗后视网膜复位,1眼手术后视网膜脱离复发经玻璃体手术后视网膜复位,1眼手术后视网膜脱离未复位经二次环扎带调位术后视网膜复位;手术后视力提高43眼,不变5眼,下降2眼。结论:显微镜下联合间接眼底镜操作巩膜扣带术及对裂孔未作凝固处理,使手术创伤小、时间缩短、术中及术后并发症少、手术效果好,患者满意度高。     

23G后节灌注辅助下的巩膜扣带术治疗球形视网膜脱离

目的：观察23G后节灌注辅助下的巩膜扣带术治疗球形视网膜脱离的疗效,探讨其可行性。

方法：选取我院2017-02/2018-02被确诊为孔源性视网膜脱离且视网膜下液较多、呈球形脱离外观的患者21例21眼,在行巩膜扣带术中引流视网膜下积液前于睫状体扁平部预置23G后节灌注,术中对裂孔未作凝固处理,术后裂孔周围行激光光凝治疗。术后随访观察3～10mo,观察视网膜复位和并发症情况。

结果：所有患者手术过程顺利,术中均引流出视网膜下液并未见脉络膜出血和视网膜嵌顿; 术后第1d视网膜完全复位者18眼; 术后2～3d残留视网膜下液吸收完毕者2眼,视网膜脱离未复位者1眼,经再次外加压块调位术后视网膜复位,术后视网膜脱离复发者1眼,经玻璃体手术后视网膜复位。术中有视网膜下出血者1眼,出血范围<1PD,3mo后吸收,未见眼压异常、眼前段缺血和其他严重并发症。

结论：在球形视网膜脱离的巩膜扣带术中引流视网膜下积液前预置灌注,可有效维持术中眼内压平稳,减少因引流视网膜下积液时眼压过快下降导致的爆发性脉络膜上腔出血和术后发生脉络膜脱离的可能性,同时术中视网膜基本趋于平伏,裂孔定位相对准确,可提高手术成功率。     

不放液巩膜外加压术治疗陈旧性视网膜脱离

目的:探讨不放液巩膜外加压术治疗陈旧性视网膜脱离的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析不放液单纯巩膜外加压术治疗32例32眼陈旧性视网膜脱离的临床病例资料,观察术后最佳矫正视力、手术并发症和视网膜复位情况。结果:术后随访6～12(平均9.2)mo,最佳矫正视力>0.1者17例17眼,2例2眼术后短期内眼压升高,首次手术解剖复位30例30眼,成功率94%。2例2眼术后视网膜下增殖继续发展,行玻璃体切除术后视网膜复位。结论:不放液巩膜外加压术对视网膜下增殖不严重的陈旧性视网膜脱离简单有效。     

缝针巩膜穿刺放液法在视网膜脱离手术中的应用

目的:探讨缝针巩膜穿刺放液法在视网膜脱离术中应用的有效性和安全性。方法:选取64例孔源性视网膜脱离患者,均采用外路视网膜脱离手术。分为A,B两组,A组采用巩膜切开放液法,B组采用缝针巩膜放液法。比较手术的成功率和并发症。结果:两组手术均获成功,成功率和并发症无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:缝针巩膜放液法是一种有效、安全的放液方法。     

Scleral buckle for progressive symptomatic retinal detachment complicating retinoschisis versus primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

Objective: To compare the functional and anatomic outcomes of encircling scleral buckle placement for the repair of progressive symptomatic retinal detachment complicating retinoschisis (PSRDCR) with outer-layer breaks (OLBs) posterior to the equator versus primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).Design: Retrospective comparative case series.Participants: Thirty-seven patients with PSRDCR with OLBs posterior to the equator (group A) and 703 patients with primary RRD (group B).Methods: All eyes were treated with an encircling scleral silicone band (style 240). External drainage of subretinal and retinoschisis cavity fluid and cryopexy or laser photocoagulation around the tears and the OLBs were performed in all eyes. Best-corrected visual acuity at 6 months postoperatively and final retinal reattachment rate were analyzed.Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of patient age, gender, percentage of retinal detachments that were macula-off (p = 0.241), and preoperative best-corrected Snellen visual acuity (p = 0.927). Best-corrected Snellen visual acuity at 6 months postoperatively was ≤ 20/100 in 35% of eyes, 20/100-20/50 in 14% of eyes, and ≥ 20/40 in 51% of eyes in group A versus ≤ 20/100 in 37% of eyes, 20/100-20/50 in 33% of eyes, and ≥20/40 in 30% of eyes in group B (p = 0.12); the final retinal reattachment rate was 97% in group A versus 98% in group B (p = 0.77).Conclusions: Placement of an encircling scleral buckle may be an effective method to manage both PSRDCR with OLBs posterior to the equator and primary RRDs. The procedure is associated with comparable visual acuity and anatomic outcomes for both types of retinal detachment.     

Pneumatic buckle for the repair of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

OBJECTIVES: This prospective study examines the effectiveness of the pneumatic buckle procedure (nondrainage scleral buckle with pneumatic retinopexy) for repair of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. METHODS: We studied 58 consecutive patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments who underwent a pneumatic buckle with air or SF6. The procedures were performed at 2 centers. Retinal reattachment and visual acuity were examined. RESULTS: The single operation reattachment rate for patients undergoing a pneumatic buckle procedure was 95%. Eighty eight percent of patients with macula-on detachment had unchanged or improved final visual acuity. Sixty seven percent of patients with macula-off detachments had a final visual acuity between 20/20 and 20/50. Twenty nine percent had final visual acuity between 20/60 and 20/200. Two patients developed a new retinal hole postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Pneumatic buckle is an effective technique for repair of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments caused by breaks in the superior 8 o'clock segment. This technique avoids the complications associated with the drainage portion of the traditional scleral buckle operation and results in a high rate of retinal reattachment and stable or improved visual acuity. The rate of new retinal hole formation in this study is much lower than those reported for pneumatic retinopexy.     

巩膜扣带术治疗视网膜脱离118例临床分析

目的 对原发怍（孔源性）视网膜脱离行巩膜扣带术治疗并对其效果进行评价。方法 对118例118眼原发性视网膜脱离病人行巩膜扣带术治疗。术中直接检眼镜定位，放视网膜下液，巩膜外液氮冷凝，巩膜扣带或环扎术。结果 术后随访1周至半年，视网膜裂孔封闭、完全复位107眼（90．68％），视力提高90眼（76.27％）。结论 巩膜扣带术是治疗原发性视网膜脱离常用有效的方法。     

合力外加压手术治疗后极部孔源性视网膜脱离

目的探讨合力外加压手术治疗后极部孔源性视网膜脱离的疗效。方法采用合力外加压手术治疗44例（44眼）后极部孔源性视网脱离病人，随访3～12mo。结果44眼视网膜完全复位（100％），术后视力提高≥0．02者32例（72．7％），脱盲率达68．18％。结论指出合力外加压手术的优点是能建立一个良好的加压嵴以推顶裂孔，术中不放液，黄斑孔不电凝、不冷凝。强调正确选择手术适应症是手术成功的关键。     

孔源性视网膜脱离不放液手术的效果分析及影响因素

目的 分析孔源性视网膜脱离不放液手术的效果和影响视网膜下液吸收,视网膜复位的因素。方法 １２６例ＲＲＤ采用视网膜冷凝,巩膜不扎,外加压,不放液的手术方法。结果 １次手术后１１９眼视网膜完全复位,２眼再次不放液手术后视网膜复位,总复位率为９３．１％,ＳＲＦ术后２４ｈ吸收３７眼,７天内吸收１０１眼,术后视力明显提高。     

视网膜脱离巩膜外路显微手术的临床探讨

目的:探讨手术显微镜下行视网膜脱离外路手术的方法及治疗效果。方法:对21例(21眼)孔源性视网膜脱离患者,行视网膜脱离外路手术,术中对裂孔的定位,放视网膜下液,及巩膜外顶压冷凝均在手术显微镜下进行。6例同时行环扎术。术后随访3～9个月。结果:手术显微镜直视下患眼视网膜冷凝反应均清晰可见。轻度屈光间质混浊不影响眼底病变观察,无严重的手术并发症。21眼中视网膜复位20例,再次手术复位1例,视力均有不同程度提高,视力≥0.3者15例占71.42%。结论:视网膜脱离显微外路手术具有方便、可靠、安全、快捷等优点,提高手术成功率。     

脉络膜脱离孔源性视网膜脱离术中不放液观察

目的 观察视网膜裂孔冷凝，巩膜环扎外加压手术不放液治疗脉络膜脱离型孔源性视网膜脱离的疗效。方法 对28眼脉络膜脱离型孔源性视网膜脱离进行裂孔冷凝，巩膜环扎，外加压，术中不引流视网膜下液，对其治疗结果进行分析。结果 28眼中一次成功25眼，视网膜下液在1～2天吸收为13眼，3天～1周内吸收为12眼，术后均有不同程度的视力提高。结论 在成功封闭裂孔后，脉脱型孔源性视网膜脱离视网膜下液可自行吸收，手术成功率高，可有效减少放液所带来的并发症。