应用珊瑚／骨髓基质细胞／富血小板血浆组织工程骨修复兔颅骨缺损

目的：评价珊瑚／骨髓基质细胞（MSCs）／富血小板血浆（PRP）组织工程骨修复骨缺损的效果。方法：将兔MSCs悬液与同一供体来源的PRP混合后滴加到珊瑚团片上,形成珊瑚／MSCs／PRP复合物,用其修复MSCs和PRP来源兔颅骨极限缺损。自体颅骨或单纯珊瑚植入作为对照。术后6周和12周,通过组织学观察和组织形态测量分析．评价其骨修复效果。实验数据采用SPSS11．0软件包处理,两组之间差异采用t检验。结果：组织学观察显示,珊瑚／MSCs／PRP组,术后第6周,在整个缺损区珊瑚表面及其孔洞内有大量新骨形成;第12周,缺损区珊瑚完全降解吸收,被成熟的板层骨取代,缺损表现为完全的骨修复.图像分析显示：术后第6周和第12周,珊瑚／MSCs／PRP组的成骨量显著多于珊瑚组（P〈0．01）;术后第12周,珊瑚／MSCs／PRP组成骨量与自体骨组接近（P〉0．05）。结论：应用珊瑚作为支架材料、MSCs作为种子细胞、PRP作为内源性生长因子构建的组织工程骨修复骨缺损效果良好,与自体骨移植相近．是较理想的骨移植替代材料．     

BMSCs复合PRP修复牙种植体周围骨缺损的实验研究

目的:探讨骨髓基质细胞(bone marrow stromal cells,BMSCs)复合富血小板血浆(platelet-rich plasma,PRP)修复牙种植体周围骨缺损的可行性。方法:拔除6只Beagle犬双侧下颌8颗前磨牙,术后1个月抽取犬骨髓,采用全骨髓贴壁法培养BMSCs,并向成骨细胞诱导,将BMSCs与PRP、β-磷酸三钙(β-tricalcium phosphate,β-TCP)分别复合形成组织工程化复合物。术后2个月,在实验犬每侧下颌缺牙区分别植入BLB4mm×11mm种植体4颗,同时在每个种植体的近中制造4mm×4mm×5mm大小的骨缺损,分别植入BMSCs-PRP复合凝胶、自体骨、BMSCs-β-TCP复合物以及空白对照,分别于种植术后4、8、12周各处死2只犬,行大体、环境扫描电镜及组织学检查,观察各个时期各组骨缺损区的成骨情况以及新生骨与种植体间骨结合情况。结果:3个实验组在术后4、8、12周均有不同程度的骨组织再生,而空白对照组只有少量骨组织再生。各个时期内扫描电镜观察显示BMSCs-PRP组新生骨与种植体间的骨结合较其他三组多。结论:BMSCs-PRP复合凝胶是一种良好的骨修复材料,具有促进新骨形成及种植体骨结合的效应。     

PRP及PRP/OAM对种植体周围骨缺损修复的实验研究

目的探讨富血小板血浆(PRP)以及PRP复合骨诱导活性材料(PRP/OAM)对种植体周围骨缺损修复的作用。方法选取成年Beagle犬4只,体质量10~13 kg,每只犬左右两侧下颌第四前磨牙牙位随机分为A组和B组,与B组同侧的第一、二前磨牙牙位作为对照组。A组种植体周围骨缺损区植入PRP/OAM,B组植入PRP/磷酸三钙,对照组植入磷酸三钙。采用能谱分析各组种植体-新骨界面Ca~(2+)含量,同时观察各组种植术后8、16周组织学形态。结果 A组和B组种植术后8、16周时种植体部位骨表面Ca~(2+)含量均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);A组种植术后8、16周时种植体部位骨表面Ca~(2+)含量为(26.01±3.28)%和(44.10±7.11)%,明显高于B组(P<0.05);种植术后8周,A组新骨与种植体形成区段性骨结合,B组种植体边缘可有新骨形成,对照组种植体边缘为纤维性界面;种植术后16周,A组和B组新骨与种植体形成骨整合,对照组仅为纤维性结合。结论 PRP及PRP/OAM在种植体周围骨缺损修复中,能有效促进骨缺损修复。     

骨髓基质成骨细胞-松质骨基质复合人工骨皮下移植成骨作用的实验研究

目的：观察骨髓基质成骨细胞－松质骨基质复合人工骨皮下移植的成骨作用，探索骨髓基质成骨细胞和松质骨基质分别作为骨组织工程种子细胞和支架材料的可行性。方法：成年新西兰兔骨髓细胞体外培养，诱导后，经混匀，接种，固化，形成骨髓基质成髓细胞－藻酸盐－松质骨基质复合人工骨，并植回取材兔背部皮下，对照组分别植入藻酸盐－松质骨基质复合物和松质骨基质，植入4，8周取材，行X线摄片，组织学检查和组织学定量分析，观察骨形成情况，结果：骨髓基质成骨细胞－藻酸盐－松质骨基质复合人工骨皮下成骨效果明显优于藻酸盐－松质骨基质复合物组和松质骨基质组，复合人工骨标本兼有膜内成骨和软成骨，以膜内成骨为主，对照组仅见不得软骨成骨，结论：采用组织工程方法形成的复合人工骨皮下成骨作用明显，骨髓基质成细胞和松质骨基质可以分别作为种子细胞和支架材料而用于组织工程骨的构建。     

煅烧骨复合PRF对牙周骨缺损的实验研究

目的:研究比较异种煅烧骨和Bio-oss骨分别与富血小板纤维蛋白(platdet-rich fibrin,PRF)联合,及其各自单独使用对牙周骨缺损修复的效果。方法:制备煅烧骨,PRF凝胶及其复合物。选54只新西兰大白兔,制备牙周组织缺损模型,随机分成空白对照组、PRF凝胶组、煅烧骨组、Bio-oss骨组、煅烧骨/PRF凝胶组、Bio-oss骨/PRF凝胶组,将这些材料植入牙周缺损区,每组9只兔子。术后4周、8周和l2周处死动物,获取完整标本,观察影像学和组织学。行组织学染色检测,测量新生牙周组织的高度。结果:X线结果表明:4周、8周和l2周煅烧骨/PRF 组和Bio-oss/PRF 组平均密度均明显高于对照组且缺损处骨组织连续。组织学观察:实验组均在牙根面可见新生牙骨质样组织、牙周膜和牙槽骨样组织的形成,随着时间的推移逐渐成熟、增多。12周时,煅烧骨/PRF凝胶、Bio-oss骨/PRF凝胶较空白对照组明显提高,较其他3组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:煅烧骨/PRF凝胶、Bio-oss骨/PRF凝胶复合物可明显促进牙周组织的再生。     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子缓释系统促进颌面部骨折愈合的实验研究

目的：探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（basic fibroblast growth factor,bFGF）缓释系统加速兔下颌骨骨折愈合的作用和机理。方法：采用32只成年新西兰兔制备下颌骨线形骨折模型,实验组骨折处分别覆盖bFGF/胶原复合膜和bFGF/藻酸钙凝胶,对照组仅涂布50μg bFGF,空白对照组未加任何生长因子和缓释系统。术后2、4、8、12周行组织学和免疫组化检查。结果：bFGF缓释系统实验组骨折处新骨形成明显快于对照组,bFGF在骨折愈合8周后仍有高强度表达,骨折区有大量血管生成;空白对照组2周时bFGF有较弱的表达,4周后bFGF的表达不明显。bFGF/胶原复合膜组和bFGF/藻酸钙凝胶组实验组间成骨速度、血管形成量和bFGF的表达情况无显著差异,胶原的降解速度快于藻酸钙凝胶。结论：bFGF缓释系统能在骨折愈合期间持续释放bFGF生长因子,并加快下颌骨骨折的愈合速度,缩短骨折临床愈合时间,具有理想的临床应用前景。     

纳米羟基磷灰石／PRP修复牙槽突裂的实验研究

目的:研究纳米羟基磷灰石/PRP(nano-HA/PRP)修复牙槽突裂的生物性能及富含血小板血浆(PRP)在其中的作用。方法:将40只雄性日本大白兔随机平均分成nano-HA/PRP和nano-HA两组。每只动物的两侧下颌骨均外科形成类似牙槽突裂样缺损。2个月后各组动物分别以上述两种材料充填修复牙槽突裂。于2周、4周、8周、12周和24周处死动物,采用组织学、组织形态学等方法观察样本。结果:组织学检查发现,nano-HA/PRP组在术后2周时成骨活性明显优于对照组,而在两周后骨痂改建期两组间无明显差异。术后第12周,两组材料均基本吸收。术后第24周,nano-HA/PRP组和对照组新骨平均丧失高度分别为修复高度的11.9%和12.4%。结论:nano-HA是牙槽突裂修复的良好生物材料,PRP在骨修复早期对骨愈合有促进作用。     

可注射性自体组织工程骨的研究

目的　探索在动物体内异位构建可注射性自体组织工程骨的方法。方法　取新西兰兔髂骨的骨髓基质细胞并诱导分化为成骨细胞 ,然后将骨髓基质成骨细胞与 1 5 %藻酸钠溶液混合形成骨髓基质成骨细胞 藻酸钠复合物 ,使细胞的终浓度为 4× 10 9/L。以自体细胞移植方式将骨髓基质成骨细胞 藻酸钠复合物注射于新西兰兔背部皮下 ,用氯化钙固化骨髓基质成骨细胞 藻酸钠复合物。对标本进行X线和组织学观察。结果　注射后 4、8、12周在新西兰兔背部皮下形成硬结节 ,8、12周X线片均显示有明显成骨现象。组织学分析显示标本有大量新骨形成 ,具有骨髓腔样结构。结论应用藻酸钠复合骨髓基质成骨细胞可以通过注射方式在动物体内形成自体骨组织     

骨诱导活性材料复合富血小板血浆修复犬种植体周围骨缺损

目的从组织学角度评价骨诱导活性材料(osteoinduction active material,OAM)复合富血小板血浆(platelet-rich plas-ma,PRP)对种植体周围骨缺损的修复效果。方法Beagle犬4只,拔除下颌1、2、4前磨牙。每只犬左右两侧实验牙位随机分为实验侧和对照侧,实验侧第4前磨牙牙位为实验A组,第1、2前磨牙牙位为实验B组,对照侧第1、2前磨牙牙位为对照组。3个月后植入种植体,制备种植体周围骨缺损。实验A组骨缺损区植入OAM/PRP;B组植入OAM;对照组植入磷酸三钙。8、16周分别处死动物2只,进行组织学观察,能谱分析种植体-新骨界面Ca含量。结果8周时,A、B组新骨与种植体形成区段性骨结合,对照组种植体边缘为纤维性界面。各组间种植体-新骨界面Ca含量存在显著性差异。16周时,实验A、B组可见哈佛氏系统,新骨与种植体形成骨整合,对照组为纤维性结合。实验各组Ca含量均显著高于对照组。结论OAM及PRP/OAM能促进种植体周围骨缺损修复。     

新型骨支架材料复合物修复兔下颌骨缺损的实验研究

目的研究纳米羟基磷灰石／胶原／聚乳酸／富血小板血浆复合物（nHAC／PLA／PRP）在骨缺损修复过程中的成骨作用。方法制备兔下颌骨10mm×8mm贯穿性缺损．按不添加材料A组、单纯材料（nHAC／PLA）B组、活性材料（nHAC／PLA／PRP）C组加入相应材料．术后2、4、8、12周处死动物,分别从大体、影像学、扫描电镜、组织学方面进行观察．计量新骨面积并进行方差分析。结果影像学观察B、C组2、4、8、12周缺损区密度均高于A组。B、C组之间差异无统计学意义。电镜观察3个组边界区主要由纤维组织包绕．B组边界区可见少量新生骨散在分布．C组纤维组织更致密,可见少量新骨片状分布;组织学观察可见B、C组各时间点骨缺损区新骨形成均优于A组．C组新生骨及新生血管的量较B组多。随着时间延长,各组新骨均有增多．残留的材料减少．有大量骨样组织长人活性材料,骨成熟度增高,残留材料逐渐被活跃生长的骨组织包围并替代。以方差分析对组间新骨面积进行两两比较,结果显示第2、4周两两组间差异有统计学意义．8、12周时A组与B、C组间差异有统计学意义．后两组之间差异无统计学意义。结论由nHAC／PLA和富血小板血浆（PRP）构建的复合材料具有良好的生物相容性、骨传导及骨诱导活性．有望应用于临床修复骨缺损。     

富含血小板血浆＋骨粉在骨缺损修复中的对比研究

目的：探讨天博（珊瑚转化型羟基磷灰石CHA）和Cerasorb（羟基磷酸三钙β-TCP）两种骨粉单独及分别联合富含血小板血浆（PRP）对骨缺损再生修复效果研究。方法：选用15只成年雄性新西兰大白兔,随机分为三组,全麻下在距下颌骨下缘3mm,下颌角前缘5mm处,用球钻制备大小约15mmx6mmx4mm的缺损,左右侧缺损中各植入A PRP CHA＋PRP;B PRPβ-TCP＋PRP;C CHA＋PRPβ-TCP＋PRP;D CHA CHA＋PRP;Eβ-TCPβ-TCP＋PRP,三组兔子分别饲养4周,8周,12周。并在术后第1周,第3周,第5周分别给予钙黄绿素（10mg/kg）,茜素红（30mg/kg）,钙黄绿素（10mg/kg）处死后进行组织切片观察及骨密度测量,分析结果,SPSS17.0统计软件进行统计分析,以P小于0.05为有显著差异性。结果：组织学检查：4周时,PRP组、CHA组及β-TCP组只有极少量的成骨细胞;8周时,少量的新生骨的生成,但仍有大部分的纤维组织包绕;12周时,有部分成熟骨出现;4周时,CHA＋PRP组及β-TCP＋PRP组开始有成骨细胞及少量未成熟的骨质出现;8周时开始有部分成熟骨出现,成骨细胞核固缩多见;12周时已基本充满成熟骨质。在4、8、12周时,X线上骨缺损区密度百分比分析值PRP组、CHA组及β-TCP组之间无显著差异,而β-TCP＋PRP组及CHA＋PRP组的分析值高于上述三组,但该两组间无明显差异。HE染色的骨定量分析,PRP组、CHA组及β-TCP组之间骨再生情况无显著差异,而两混合组的骨再生值高于上述三组,但该两组间的骨再生无显著差异。结论：1.PRP与骨粉联合应用较PRP单独应用对骨缺损再生效果好。2.β-磷酸三钙联合PRP较羟基磷灰石联合PRP应用对骨缺损再生效果无明显差异。3.β-磷酸三钙与PRP联合应用较β-磷酸三钙单独应用对骨缺损再生效果好。     

VEGF在脱细胞骨基质复合富血小板血浆修复颅骨缺损中的表达

目的：研究血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在脱细胞骨基质（acellular bone matrix,ABM）复合富血小板血浆（platelet-rich plasma,PRP）修复兔颅骨缺损时的表达及分布,探讨富血小板血浆促进成骨的机制。方法：雄性新西兰大白兔24只,体质量1.5～2.0kg。在兔颅骨两侧分别建立一个1cm×0.5cm全层骨缺损区,同时去除该区骨膜,注意勿伤及硬脑膜。随机选择一侧骨缺损作实验侧,植入复合PRP的ABM;另一侧为对照侧,仅植入ABM。术后第2、4、8、12周末分别处死6只兔取材。免疫组织化学法测定骨缺损修复区血管内皮细胞生长因子（Vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF）的表达;应用Image-proplus 5.0图像分析软件测量VEGF表达强度的灰度值。采用SSPS16.0软件包进行t检验。结果：术后2周,实验组VEGF呈强阳性表达,随后急剧下降,以后趋于平缓。对照组在术后2、4周呈阳性表达,以后平缓下降。两组相比,在第2、4周时差异均有显著性（P〈0.05）。第8、12周时,2组表达差异无显著性。结论：VEGF在实验组早期阶段的强阳性表达,说明血管形成活跃。PRP促进骨修复的作用发生在植入后早期,启动了早期活跃的成骨。     

Combination of Controlled Release Platelet‐Rich Plasma Alginate Beads and Bone Morphogenetic Protein‐2 Genetically Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Bone Regeneration

Background: Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) consists of platelet‐derived growth factor and transforming growth factor‐β that increase proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), whereas bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP2) promotes osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. However, the high degradation rate of fibrin leads to the dissociation of cytokines even before the process of bone regeneration begins. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to examine the combined effect of sustained release of PRP from alginate beads on BMP2‐modified MSC osteogenic differentiation in vitro and sustained release of PRP alone on a fracture defect model ex vivo as well as its effect on calvarial suture closure. Methods: After optimizing the alginate concentration for microspheres, the combined osteogenic and mineralization effect of PRP and BMP2 on MSCs was studied. Self‐setting alginate hydrogel carrying PRP was tested on a femur defect model ex vivo. The effect of PRP at day 15 on the closure of the embryonic mouse calvaria sutures ex vivo was also studied. Results: Increase of PRP concentration promoted proliferation of MSCs, and 2.5% to 10% of PRP gradually increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Sustained release of PRP and BMP2 demonstrated significantly higher ALP and mineralization activity (P <0.05). Radiographs of alginate hydrogel with PRP‐treated bone demonstrated nearly complete healing of the fracture, and histologic sections of the embryonic calvaria revealed that PRP leads to suture fusion. Conclusion: Sustained release of PRP along with BMP2‐modified MSCs can significantly promote bone regeneration.     

细胞-膜片复合珊瑚支架修复兔颅骨极限缺损的实验研究

目的:评价富血小板血浆(platelet rich plasma,PRP)和骨髓基质细胞(marrow stromal cells,MSCs)构建的细胞-膜片包裹珊瑚支架后修复兔颅骨极限缺损的能力。方法:将体外培养扩增的兔MSCs悬液与同一供体来源的PRP混合,滴加到六孔培养板上,再滴加牛凝血酶溶液,形成凝胶样MSCs/PRP混合物,置于孵箱内培养。第1周用DMEM完全培养液,第2周用DMEM诱导培养液培养,形成细胞-膜片。将细胞-膜片取下后包裹珊瑚支架,植入供体兔颅骨直径15 mm的圆形缺损内,用自体颅骨和单纯珊瑚植入作对照。术后8周和16周取材,通过大体观察、组织学观察和组织形态测量分析等,评价其骨修复效果。结果:培养的细胞-膜片厚约2 mm,呈半透明胶冻样,有较好的韧性和可操作性。细胞-膜片/珊瑚组修复兔颅骨缺损效果明显优于单纯珊瑚修复组,在16周时得到完全的骨修复,与自体骨类似。结论:用MSCs和PRP在体外培养构建的细胞-膜片具有较强的成骨活性,包裹珊瑚支架后具有良好的骨修复能力。     

PAN/CS/BCP/�����ϸ���֧�ܲ����޸����۹�ȱ��ʵ���о�

目的研究多孔聚丙烯晴基碳纤维／壳聚糖／双相磷酸钙／川续断（PAN／CS／BCP／川续断）复合支架材料对牙槽骨缺损区的骨愈合及修复作用。方法本研究于2011年10月至2012年4月在佳木斯大学动物实验中心及佳木斯大学基础医学院完成。选用24只新西兰大白兔制成下颌双侧10mm直径的圆型人工牙槽骨缺损模型。随机等分为实验组（植入PAN／CS／BCP／川续断复合支架材料）和对照组（植入壳聚糖／纳米羟基磷灰石）。分别于4、8、12周各处死动物2只,进行骨密度值分析及组织学观察。结果（1）12周时,实验组骨缺损处边缘为高密度阻射影,边缘连续且密度与正常骨组织一致。（2）各个时期内实验组新骨生成均较对照组快,且新生骨骨密度均高于对照组。（3）组织形态观察：HE染色显示,12周时实验组牙槽骨的缺损区可见骨化线及较规则骨组织形成。结论PAN／CS／BCP／川续断复合支架材料有加快骨再生的能力,对骨的愈合有促进作用。     

在即刻种植术中应用两种不同方法处理骨缺损效果的比较

目的:比较珊瑚羟基磷灰石(CHA)复合富血小板血浆(PRP)或覆盖生物膜在即刻种植术中对骨再生效果的影响。方法:8只成年实验用犬,拔除双侧第2、3、4下颌前磨牙,同期植入种植体,制备种植体颈部的环状骨缺损,每侧植入3颗种植体,将种植体随机分为3组:A组,植入珊瑚羟基磷灰石和富血小板血浆的混合物;B组植入珊瑚羟基磷灰石,并覆盖可吸收胶原膜;C组作为对照组,不植入任何材料。术后3个月处死动物,先后进行大体观察、组织形态学观察、及生物力学测定,比较组间差异。结果:A组新生骨质较优,骨量多,B组骨缺损区无软组织长入,两者间骨结合率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。C组骨再生效果较差,与A、B两组相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组标本生物力学测试结果差异均有统计学意义。结论:两种处理方法对种植体周的骨再生均有积极作用,富血小板血浆在促进骨组织生长方面优势明显,生物膜在阻挡软组织长入方面效果较优。     

Platelet-rich plasma and fibrin as delivery systems for recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2

The aim of the present study was (1) to test whether or not platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or commercially available fibrin can increase bone regeneration compared with non-treated defects and (2) to test whether or not PRP or fibrin increases bone regeneration when used as a delivery system for recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). In 16 New Zealand White rabbits, four evenly distributed 6 mm diameter defects were drilled into the calvarial bone. The following five treatment modalities were randomly allocated to all 64 defects: (0) untreated control, (1) fibrin alone, (2) PRP alone, (3) fibrin with 15 microg rhBMP-2 and (4) PRP with 15 microg rhBMP-2. For the fibrin gels and the PRP containing rhBMP-2, the 15 microg rhBMP-2 was incorporated by precipitation within the matrices before their gelation. After 4 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and the calvarial bones were removed for histological preparation. The area fraction of newly formed bone was determined in vertical sections from the middle of the defect by applying histomorphometrical analysis. A mean area fraction of newly formed bone was found within the former defect of 23.4% (+/-13.5%) in the control sites, of 28.4% (+/-17.4%) in the fibrin sites and of 34.5% (+/-17.4%) in the PRP sites. The statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in bone formation between the three groups (ANOVA). Addition of 15 microg rhBMP-2 in the fibrin gel (59.9+/-20.3%) and the PRP gels (63.1+/-25.3%) increased bone formation significantly. No significant difference was observed between sites, where PRP or fibrin has been used as a delivery system for rhBMP-2 (ANOVA). In conclusion, the application of fibrin gels or PRP gels to bone defects is not superior to leaving the defect untreated. Regarding the amount of bone formation, the application of 15 microg rhBMP-2 in bone defects enhances the healing significantly at 4 weeks. In this animal model, commercially available fibrin and autologous PRP gels are equally effective as delivery systems for rhBMP-2.     

Orthotopic bone formation in titanium fiber mesh loaded with platelet-rich plasma and placed in segmental defects

The effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on bone formation was investigated in a rabbit segmental radial defect model. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the bone inductive properties of PRP with titanium fiber mesh and autologous bone chips in a 15-mm rabbit radial defect model. Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups: I, PRP with autologous bone (PRP-Ti-Bone); II, autologous bone (Ti-Bone); III, control group (Ti). The implants were placed in the radial defect for 12 weeks. After sacrifice, all specimens were harvested for histological, histomorphometrical and radiographic analysis. Histomorphometrical analysis showed that bone formation was higher in the implants with PRP (PRP-Ti-Bone: 37+/-8%) than in those without PRP (Ti-bone: 25+/-6% and Ti: 25+/-5%) after 12 weeks of implantation. It was concluded that PRP has a stimulatory effect on bone formation in titanium fiber mesh filled with autologous bone graft in segmental bone defects. Titanium fiber mesh was also shown to be an excellent scaffold material for the application of autologous bone grafts with or without PRP.     

Promoted new bone formation in maxillary distraction osteogenesis using a tissue-engineered osteogenic material

Bilateral maxillary distraction was performed at a higher rate in rabbits to determine whether locally applied tissue-engineered osteogenic material (TEOM) enhances bone regeneration. The material was an injectable gel composed of autologous mesenchymal stem cells, which were cultured then induced to be osteogenic in character, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). After a 5-day latency period, distraction devices were activated at a rate of 2.0 mm once daily for 4 days. Twelve rabbits were divided into 2 groups. At the end of distraction, the experimental group of rabbits received an injection of TEOM into the distracted tissue on one side, whereas, saline solution was injected into the distracted tissue on the contralateral side as the internal control. An additional control group received an injection of PRP or saline solution into the distracted tissue in the same way as the experimental group. The distraction regenerates were assessed by radiological and histomorphometric analyses. The radiodensity of the distraction gap injected with TEOM was significantly higher than that injected with PRP or saline solution at 2, 3, and 4 weeks postdistraction. The histomorphometric analysis also showed that both new bone zone and bony content in the distraction gap injected with TEOM were significantly increased when compared with PRP or saline solution. Our results demonstrated that the distraction gap injected with TEOM showed significant new bone formation. Therefore, injections of TEOM may be able to compensate for insufficient distraction gaps.