定量PCR技术检测增生性瘢痕组织纤维连接蛋白的基因表达

目的探讨纤维连接蛋白的表达水平与创伤后增生性瘢痕形成的关系。方法采用定量ＰＣＲ技术，对纤维连接蛋白（Ｆｉｂｒｏｎｅｃｔｉｎ，ＦＮ）在正常皮肤和增生性瘢痕中ｍＲＮＡ表达水平的变化进行比较。结果在增生性瘢痕中，ＦＮ的ｍＲＮＡ表达水平较正常皮肤增高。结论实验结果表明细胞外基质成分的变化在创伤修复失控形成中起重要作用。     

定量PCR技术检测增生性瘢痕组织纤维连接蛋白的基因表达

目的探讨纤维连接蛋白的表达水平与创伤后增生性瘢痕形成的关系。方法采用定量PCR技术,对纤维连接蛋白(Fibronectin,FN)在正常皮肤和增生性瘢痕中mRNA表达水平的变化进行比较。结果在增生性瘢痕中,FN的mRNA表达水平较正常皮肤增高。结论实验结果表明细胞外基质成分的变化在创伤修复失控形成中起重要作用。     

定量聚合酶链式反应技术检测溃疡创面纤维连接蛋白表达水平的变化

目的 研究纤维连接蛋白在糖现患者足溃疡组织中的表达特征与规律，探讨纤维连接蛋白表达量的变化与糖尿病足溃疡发生的关系。方法 取患者溃疡创面及创缘组织为实验组，以患者正常皮肤为对照组，采用定量聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）方法检测纤维连接蛋白ｍＲＮＡ表达水平的变化。结果 在正常皮肤组织和溃疡组织中均存在纤维连接蛋白ｍＲＮＡ的表达，但其表达水平在溃疡组织中显著低于正常皮肤，表达量约为正常皮肤组织中均存在纤维连     

瘢痕疙瘩不同部位Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原 mRNA的原位表达研究

目的基于瘢痕疙瘩浸润、增生和老化部组织形态学上的差异，为了明确瘢痕疙瘩不同部位及正常皮肤Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原ｍＲＮＡ的表达是否存在差异。方法对４例瘢痕疙瘩和２例正常皮肤通过原位杂交方法，观察了Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原ｍＲＮＡ的表达。结果瘢痕疙瘩的Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原ｍＲＮＡ的表达比正常皮肤明显增强，尤以Ⅰ型为甚，导致Ⅰ／Ⅲ型前胶原的比率增高，且其表达在瘢痕疙瘩浅层多于深层，浸润及增生部多于老化部，浸润和增生部的表达无明显差别。结论瘢痕疙瘩的不同病理部位和正常皮肤Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原ｍＲＮＡ的表达存在差异，是形成瘢痕疙瘩不同病理部位的原因之一。     

增生性瘢痕增生过程中转化生长因子β表达的动态研究

通过对３４例不同时期增生性瘢痕组织标本进行ＴＧＦβ－ｍＲＮＡ斑点杂交和原位杂交检测，结果发现：随着增生性瘢痕的发生、发展成熟，ＴＧＦβ－ｍＲＮＡ的总表达量明显呈由强至弱的变化，在１至６个月瘢痕组织内表达丰富，９个月时明显减弱，１２个月以后的瘢痕组织及正常皮肤对照标本中含量很少；ＴＧＦβ－ｍＲＮＡ表达的定位检测显示：除真皮层组织细胞有部分表达外，许多瘢痕表皮基底细胞内有较强表达。由此可见：①ＴＧＦβ表达与瘢痕增生发展有着密切联系；②ＴＧＦβ在瘢痕表皮组织中的表达对其自身增殖起抑制作用，导致表皮萎缩。     

瘢痕疙瘩不同部位Ⅰ,Ⅲ型前胶原mRNA的原位表达研究

目的基于瘢痕疙瘩浸润，增生和老化部组织形态学上的差异，为了明确瘢痕疙瘩不同部位及正常皮肤Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原ｍＲＮＡ的表达是否存在差异。方法 对４例瘢疙塔和２例正常皮肤通过原位杂交方法，观察了Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原ｍＲＮＡ的表达。     

增生性瘢痕中的细胞外基质

增生性瘢痕是机体受到创伤后过度修复的表现形式之一。其病理基础是修复过程中,以成纤维细胞为主的修复细胞过度合成胶原(collagen)、纤维连接蛋白(fibonectin,FN)及糖蛋白(proteoglycans)等细胞外基质以及这些基质降解、塑形不足。是否产生增生性瘢痕以及其增生程度如何,取决于细胞外基质的合成与降解这一平衡是否被打破及其程度〔1,2〕。本文将对增生性瘢痕中细胞外基质成分的变化、这些变化的病理基础、以及有关的调节机理作一综述。1　瘢痕中细胞外基质成分的差别正常皮肤含有胶原纤维、弹力纤维及网状纤维。胶原纤维较细,直径0.5︼m～…     

periostin在过度增生性瘢痕的表达及其与TGF-β1和受体的相关性

目的检测periostin在过度增生性瘢痕中的表达，研究其与TGF-β1和受体的相关性，探讨periostin与瘢痕过度增生的关系。方法采用RT-PCR法检测瘢痕疙瘩、增生性瘢痕、正常皮肤组织中periostin、TGF-β1，及其受体Ⅰ、Ⅱ的mRNA表达，Western blot法检测periostin的蛋白表达。结果在基因水平，periostin在瘢痕疙瘩的表达高于正常皮肤，TGF-β1在瘢痕疙瘩的表达高于增生性瘢痕和正常皮肤，TGF-βRⅠ在瘢痕疙瘩的表达高于增生性瘢痕和正常皮肤，上述差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；TGF-βRⅡ的表达在3组间差异无统计学意义。在蛋白水平，periostin在瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕的表达均高于正常皮肤（P〈0．05）。periostin和TGF-β1的表达呈正相关（P〈0．01）。结论periostin在瘢痕疙瘩组织中表达增高，是瘢痕相关基因；其在瘢痕疙瘩形成中可能发挥重要作用，该作用与TGF-β1密切相关。     

增生性瘢痕中肥大细胞类胰蛋白酶的表达及定位

目的研究肥大细胞类胰蛋白酶(mast cell trphase,MCT)在增生性瘢痕形成过程中的表达及分布情况,探讨MCT在增生性瘢痕及正常皮肤中是否存在差别。方法采集未经任何治疗的临床诊断为增生性瘢痕及正常皮肤手术切除各20例。采用免疫组织化学方法对增生性瘢痕及正常皮肤中的MCT进行定位,反转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)方法进行mRNA基因水平的半定量研究分析。结果MCT在增生性瘢痕中分布较正常皮肤明显增多(P<0.01),主要集中在各层血管周围及胶原纤维束之间,以真皮浅层分布较多;RT-PCR半定量结果显示,增生性瘢痕中MCTmRNA有高表达,而且明显高于正常皮肤,差异具统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论增生性瘢痕中MCT在分布及基因水平半定量表达均较正常皮肤明显增多,故有理由推论MCT在增生性瘢痕的形成过程中可能起重要作用。     

病理性瘢痕中结缔组织生长因子的免疫电镜观察

目的：研究结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）在病理性瘢痕组织中的表达定位，以探讨其在病理性瘢痕中的作用及与病理性瘢痕形成的关系。方法：分别留取正常皮肤2例、浅表性瘢痕3例、增生性瘢痕、增生性瘢痕边缘正常皮肤、瘢痕疙瘩及瘢痕疙瘩边缘正常皮肤各5例组织标本，用特异性抗体作为标记物，用胶体金作示踪物进行免疫电镜观察，观察标记物所在位置，以了解在不同组织中表达水平的差异性。结果：CTGF在增生性瘢痕、瘢痕疙瘩、瘢痕疙瘩边缘正常皮肤中的表达均明显高于正常皮肤、浅表性瘢痕及增生性瘢痕边缘正常皮肤。免疫电镜标记显示成纤维细胞细胞超微结构清晰，金颗粒呈团状、点灶状分布，特异性强，CTGF蛋白阳性标记主要位于粗面内质网，粗面内质网核糖体、胶原纤维、细胞外基质、桥粒连接、常染色质等部位也有表达。结论：CTGF与病理性瘢痕的形成有相关性，在其发病过程中可能发挥重要作用。     

Fibronectin gene expression differs in normal and abnormal human wound healing

The overproduction of fibronectin and type I collagen in keloids and hypertrophic scars implicates altered regulation of extracellular matrix components as an important aspect of these wound healing pathologies. However, little is known about the similarities and differences in extracellular matrix gene expression during normal and abnormal wound healing. This study compared the content of fibronectin messenger RNA and rates of fibronectin protein biosynthesis in fibroblasts derived from normal skin, normal scar, keloid, and hypertrophic scar. Fibronectin expression was enhanced in cells from both normal and abnormal wounds relative to cells from quiescent normal skin. Matched pairs of normal and keloid fibroblasts from the same individuals were also compared, and three of the four pairs showed higher fibronectin expression by the keloid cells at the levels of messenger RNA and protein synthesis. This was consistent with previous studies showing elevated steady state content of fibronectin in keloid cells relative to normal cells from the same individual. Fibronectin messenger RNA and protein content in the tissues from which these cells were derived was examined by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. These studies revealed that in vivo, the steady state content of fibronectin messenger RNA and protein was highest in abnormal wounds, less in most normal scars, and lowest in normal skin. Thus, fibroblasts from keloids and hypertrophic scars overexpressed fibronectin in vivo relative to normal skin and normal scar and retain this characteristic in vitro relative to normal skin. Although normal scars contained little fibronectin protein and messenger RNA, cultured fibroblasts derived from these scars had contents of fibronectin messenger RNA and rates of biosynthesis in vitro similar to those of keloid fibroblasts. This indicates that the fibronectin regulatory pathway in scar fibroblasts is influenced by the tissue environment. These results are discussed with respect to the relationship of fibronectin expression in keloids, hypertrophic scars, and normal wounds in human beings.     

Gene expression of tenascin is altered in normal scars and keloids

Tenascin is an extracellular matrix molecule with structural similarity to fibronectin. An increase in extracellular matrix content of both tenascin and fibronectin is associated with early wound healing and with various skin fibroses. However, the relationship of tenascin and fibronectin expression during scar remodeling and the formation of pathologic scars such as keloids is unknown. Expression of tenascin in normal and abnormal human scars was examined and compared with that of fibronectin by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Tenascin and fibronectin protein and messenger RNA contents were elevated in normal, mature scars relative to quiescent skin, similar to the situation during earlier stages of healing. Tenascin and fibronectin expression was further enhanced in keloids relative to normal skin and scar, and, as has been shown for fibronectin, tenascin expression in uninjured skin adjacent to keloids was indistinguishable from that in quiescent skin from unaffected individuals. These data suggest that tenascin and fibronectin gene expression are coordinated during later stages of normal wound healing and that a defect involving common regulatory elements for these genes is associated with the formation of keloids.     

不同发生时期的增生性瘢痕中基质金属蛋白酶及其抑制因子基因表达的变化

目的:研究基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2),基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMF-9)及其抑制因子(TIMP-2)在不同形成时期的增生性瘢痕中的基因表达变化。方法:提取16例不同发生时期的增生性瘢痕和8例正常皮肤的总RNA后,分离mRNA,用RT-PCR方法检测MMP-2,MMP-9和TIMP-2基因在不同组织中的表达。结果: MMP-2,MMP-9和TIMP-2基因在正常皮肤和增生性瘢痕中都有表达。在增殖期的瘢痕中,这3种基因转录产物的灰度比值分别为(13．5±4．5),(18．4±4．7),(13．6±2．4),与正常皮肤相比明显升高(P<0．05)。在成熟期的瘢痕中这三种基因表达量恢复到正常皮肤水平。结论:MMP-2,MMP-9和TIMP-2基因表达增强可能是增生性瘢痕形成的机制之一,而MMP-2和MMP-9基因表达降低可能与增生性瘢痕达到相对稳定的成熟状态有关。     

瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕表皮异常的实验研究

目的 探讨瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕的表皮异常。方法 采用免疫组织化学方法,检测腱糖蛋白C(Tn-C),角蛋白16(CK-16)和增殖相关核抗原Ki-67蛋白在瘢痕疙瘩、增生性瘢痕和正常成人表皮中的表达。取正常成人皮肤组织RNA,构建正义、反义Tn-C mRNA探针,运用原位杂交技术,观测瘢痕疙瘩、增生性瘢痕和正常皮肤表皮中Tn-C mRNA的表达。结果 瘢痕疙瘩、增生性瘢痕表皮角质形成细胞增生明显高于正常皮肤。Tn-C mRNA在瘢痕疙瘩表皮的表达明显高于其在增生性瘢痕及正常皮肤表皮中的表达。CK-16,Ki-67蛋白在瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕表皮中表达增加。结论 瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕的表皮存在增生分化异常,尤以瘢痕疙瘩更为明显。     

增生性瘢痕中凋亡相关基因转录的变化

目的　探讨凋亡相关基因bcl -2、bax、p5 3和c- myc在不同形成时期的增生性瘢痕中的基因转录变化。方法　提取 16例不同发生时期的增生性瘢痕和 8例正常皮肤的总RNA后 ,分离mRNA ,用逆转录 聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)方法检测bcl- 2、bax、p5 3和c -myc基因在不同组织中的表达。结果　在增殖期的瘢痕中 ,凋亡促进基因bax、c- myc和 p5 3的表达量分别是正常皮肤的(62 .8± 14 .7) %、(78.0± 17.0 ) %和 (4 9.8± 4.3 ) % ,基因表达明显降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而在成熟期的瘢痕中 ,这 3种基因的表达量都明显高于增殖期的瘢痕 ,恢复到正常皮肤水平。在正常皮肤中 ,bcl- 2基因表达水平较低 ,而在增殖期和成熟期的增生性瘢痕中表达量都显著升高 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　bax、c- myc和 p5 3基因表达降低 ,bcl- 2基因表达增强可能是瘢痕中细胞凋亡减少 ,形成增生性瘢痕的机制之一 ,而bax、c- myc和 p5 3基因表达增强可能与瘢痕达到成熟状态有关。     

Regulation of collagen synthesis and messenger RNA levels in normal and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts in vitro by interferon alfa-2b

Hypertrophic scars, which commonly occur after thermal and traumatic injury of the skin, are a fibroproliferative disorder of the dermal matrix wherein components of the inflammatory process, including the fibrotic growth factor, transforming growth factor-beta, appear to activate dormant fibroblasts leading to cellular proliferation and excessive matrix synthesis. To investigate the potential beneficial role and mechanism of interferon alfa-2b in controlling excessive collagen production in hypertrophic scar, we measured dose response, time of onset, and duration of action in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts in vitro and compared them with those of site-matched normal fibroblasts obtained from four patients after thermal injury. Interferon alfa-2b reduced collagen protein synthesis and type I messenger RNA levels in both hypertrophic scar and normal fibroblasts after treatment, but these changes were apparent only after approximately 72 hours. Significant reductions in collagen synthesis occurred in four pairs of normal and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (p < 0.05), accompanied by significant reductions in type I (p < 0.05) but not type III procollagen messenger RNA. Hypertrophic scar fibroblasts recovered completely from the effects of interferon alfa-2b on procollagen type I messenger RNA within 48 hours of cessation of treatment in contrast to normal skin fibroblasts, in which the reduction in type I procollagen messenger RNA by interferon alfa-2b persisted beyond 72 hours after treatment. These data suggest that interferon alfa-2b reduces collagen synthesis in both normal and hypertrophic fibroblasts but the hypertrophic fibroblast may remain less sensitive to its effects.     

Tenascin-C在瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕中的基因表达研究

目的 探讨Tenascin-C基因在瘢痕疙瘩和增生性瘢痕中的表达。方法 取正常成人皮肤组织RNA，构建正义、反义Tenascin-C(Tn-C)mRNA探针，运用原位杂交技术，观测10例瘢痕疙瘩、10例增生性瘢痕和5例正常成人皮肤组织中Tn-C mRNA的表达。结果 Tn-C mRNA在正常皮肤表皮中无表达，真皮中表达稀少，局限于乳头真皮层的成纤维细胞和皮肤附属器；10例瘢痕疙瘩表皮均有表达，真皮分布较广，如成纤维细胞、血管内皮和皮肤附属器；Tn-C mRNA在3例增生性瘢痕表皮表达，7例无表达，真皮中表达与瘢痕疙瘩相同但较弱，比正常皮肤增多，但差异无显著性。结论 Tenascin-C mRNA在瘢痕疙瘩表皮和真皮中有高表达。