转导血管内皮生长因子预防血管成形术后再狭窄的实验研究

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)预防血管成形术后再狭窄。方法建立动脉粥样硬化兔模型,利用球囊在该模型腹主动脉导入pcDNA3.0/hVEGF165(n=10),对照组导入空载体(n=10)。采用RT-PCR法检测外源VEGF基因的表达。术后2、4周观察转导外源基因对血管内皮修复的影响。术后1、2、4周行MRI检查,观察左肾动脉开口处上段被扩张腹主动脉的管腔面积变化。结果利用球囊导管能成功转导pcDNA3.0/hVEGF165,治疗组和对照组完成内皮修复的时间分别为2周和4周,术后2周治疗组和对照组的管腔面积分别为(7.95±1.42)mm2和(6.74±1.01)mm2,术后4周分别为(7.40±2.29)mm2和(2.21±1.44)mm2。结论在动脉粥样硬化兔模型局部血管利用球囊导管能成功地转导VEGF基因,有效促进局部血管内皮细胞的生长,取得抑制局部血管管腔狭窄的作用,这对于防止血管介入术后再狭窄发生具有十分重要的意义。     

Construction and Identification of Recombinant Adenovirus Vector Containing the hVEGF165 Gene

Thedevelopmentofgene therapieshas renderedits clinical application feasible.Vascular endothelialgrowth factor( VEGF) hasbeen approved to be usedfor clinical trials.VEGF plays an important role inangiogenesis and prevention of restenosis[1-8] ,butthelow efficiency of plasmid vector restricts its clinicalapplication.In this study,the h VEGF165c DNA wassubcloned into p ACCMV .p Lp A and subsequentlythis recombinant was co- transfected into 2 93cellswith p JM1 7to obtain the replication- …     

携hVEGF165基因的重组腺病毒载体的构建及鉴定

目的　构建携带人血管内皮生长因子 16 5 (hVEGF165)基因的重组腺病毒载体。方法　将hVEGF165cDNA亚克隆到腺病毒中间载体pACCMV·pLpA ,再与pJM17共转染人胚肾 2 93细胞 ,获得载hVEGF165基因的复制缺陷型重组腺病毒 ,感染体外培养的兔主动脉血管平滑肌细胞 (VSMC) ,通过RT PCR和Westernblot检测VEGF表达情况 ,并观察表达产物VEGF对人脐静脉内皮细胞 (HUVEC)增殖的影响。结果　重组腺病毒感染VSMC 4 8h后有VEGFmRNA转录及蛋白质的表达 ,并呈剂量依赖性地促进HUVEC增殖。结论　构建的重组腺病毒载体在VSMC中能够有效表达目的基因 ,且能有效促进HUVEC增殖 ,为hVEGF165基因的实际应用奠定了基础。     

Experimental study of adenovirus vector mediated-h VEGF<Subscript>165</Subscript> gene on prevention of restenosis after angioplasty

Summary This study evaluated the effects of adenovirus vector mediated human vascular endothelial growth factor-165 (hVEGF₁₆₅) gene on prevention of restenosis after angioplasty. Rabbit models of bilateral carotid artery injury were established by balloon denudation. The recombinant adenoviruses containing hVEGF₁₆₅ cDNA was directly injected into left side of the injured carotid arteries. On day 3 and week 3 after transfection the expression of VEGF was observed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The thrombokinesis, reendothelialization (rET) and intimal hyperplasia in carotid arteries were evaluated by computerized image analysis system 3 weeks after gene transfer. The changes in the VEGF gene-treated side were compared with the control side. Our results showed that 3 days and 3 weeks after hVEGF₁₆₅ gene transfer the VEGF mRNA and antigen expression were detectedin vivo. 3 weeks after the transfer, the carotid artery rET was markedly better in the VEGF gene-treated group compared with the control. The thrombokinesis, intima area/media area (I/M), maximal intimal and medial thicknesses (IT_max and MT_max) demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in arteries treated with VEGF gene as compared with the control group. It is concluded that VEGF gene transfer could be achieved by intra-arterial injection of recombinant adenoviruses. It might accelerate the restoration of endothelial integrity, inhibit thrombokinesis and attenuate intimal hyperplasia in the injured arteries after VEGF gene transfer. This procedure could be useful in preventing restenosis after angioplasty. Liu Qigong, male, born in 1968, Associate Professor This project was supported by a grant from Wuhan Chenguang Program (No. 20015005048)     

腺病毒介导血管内皮生长因子基因转移预防再狭窄的实验研究

目的 观察腺病毒介导的血管内皮生长因子(vEGF)基因转移对大鼠颈总动脉损伤后新生内膜增生的影响。方法 将颈总动脉球囊损伤的大鼠分为3组，用局部灌注法将50μl溶液注射至颈总动脉。20min后恢复血流。分别于14d和28d处死大鼠。观察vEGF基因转移对再内皮化及内膜增厚的影响。结果 与两对照组比较，动脉损伤后14d和28d时，VEGF基因转移加速血管再内皮化，减少内皮缺失区域(P＜0．05)；且显著抑制动脉损伤后新生内膜增厚(P＜0．01)。结论 重组腺病毒介导VEGF基因转移对血管成形术后再狭窄有一定的预防作用。     

腺病毒载体介导肝细胞生长因子基因对冠状动脉再狭窄的预防作用

目的应用重组腺病毒载体介导的肝细胞生长因子（HGF）基因转染血管内皮细胞（VEC）及血管平滑肌细胞（VSMC），探讨HGF基因对其凋亡的诱导作用。方法以肝细胞中抽提的总RNA为模板，反转录cDNA，采用RT-PCR技术获得HGF基因，并引入酶切位点，转染大肠埃希菌，筛选阳性菌落，经酶切及测序证实后，转染腺病毒，制造病毒包涵体，经3轮扩增，制备高效表达HGF基因腺病毒载体（Ad—HGF）。以此感染VEC及VSMC，设为Ad-HGF组；再以人工合成HGF培养VEC及VSMC为阳性对照组（HGF组）；以未感染Ad-HGF的细胞为阴性对照（对照组）。并采用流式细胞仪检测缺氧情况下各组细胞的凋亡率。结果VEC的Ad—HGF、HGF组细胞凋亡率均低于对照组，差异均有极显著性意义（均P〈0．01），但VSMC的3组细胞凋亡率差异无显著性意义（P＞0．05）。结论腺病毒载体介导HGF基因感染VEC后能在缺氧情况下有效地阻止VEC发生凋亡，但不能有效抑制VSMC凋亡，提示对冠状动脉再狭窄有预防作用。     

The mechanical study of vascular endothelial growth factor on the prevention of restenosis after angioplasty

Restenosis following percutaneous transluminalcoronary angioplasty ( PTCA) is one of the majorre-search subjects of coronary heart disease( CHD) .The mechanism is quite complicated and not yetclear,buttheimpairmentofendothelium isknown asthe primary evocative factor of the progress ofrestenosis.It is supposed to prevent the restenosisfollowing PTCA by accelerating restoration of en-dothelial integrity and function.In the experimentalstudies,it was proved that exogenic vascular en-dothelial…     

腺病毒介导血管内皮细胞生长因子基因体外转染骨髓间充质干细胞

【目的】探讨腺病毒介导血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF165）基因转染大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）后目的基因表达情况及对MSCs增殖分化的影响。【方法】构建含VEGF基因的腺病毒表达载体，利用贴壁法分离培养MSCs后，用荧光显微镜和流式细胞仪检测转染效果和转染率，用免疫组化、Western—Blot和ELISA方法分别检测VEGF基因转染MSCs后VEGF的表达情况。【结果】腺病毒介导的VEGF基因对于MSCs具有很高的转染效率，转染效率与病毒感染复制数（multipcyties of infection，MOI）具有量效关系。MOI为150倍时，转染效率〉95％，转染VEGF后，MSCs可有效表达VEGF，9d时达到表达高峰（1125pg／mL），13d后仍可检测到VEGF的表达。转染VEGF对MSCs的增殖分化没有明显影响。【结论】腺病毒介导的VEGF基因可以有效的转染MSCs，MSCs是一种理想的基因载体细胞，其携带的VEGF基因可获得较高的表达水平。     

腺病毒介导血管内皮细胞生长因子基因体外转染骨髓间充质干细胞

 【目的】探讨腺病毒介导血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF165)基因转染大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)后目的基因表达情况及对MSCs增殖分化的影响。【方法】构建含VEGF基因的腺病毒表达载体,利用贴壁法分离培养MSCs后,用荧光显微镜和流式细胞仪检测转染效果和转染率,用免疫组化、Western-Blot和ELISA方法分别检测VEGF基因转染MSCs后VEGF的表达情况。【结果】腺病毒介导的VEGF基因对于MSCs具有很高的转染效率,转染效率与病毒感染复制数(multiplicyties of infection,MOI)具有量效关系。MOI为150倍时,转染效率>95%,转染VEGF后,MSCs可有效表达VEGF,9d时达到表达高峰(1125pg/mL),13d后仍可检测到VEGF的表达。转染VEGF对MSCs的增殖分化没有明显影响。【结论】腺病毒介导的VEGF基因可以有效的转染MSCs,MSCs是一种理想的基因载体细胞,其携带的VEGF基因可获得较高的表达水平。     

Construction and Identification of Recombinant Adenovirus Vector Containing the hVEGF165 Gene

Summary To construct the recombinant adenovirus vector containing the cDNA for human vascular endothelial growth factor (hVEGF₁₆₅), the cDNA for hVEGF₁₆₅ was subcloned into pACCMV · pLpA. Subsequently, this recombinant pACCMV · hVEGF was co-transfected into 293 cells together with pJM17 to obtain the replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus containing hVEGF gene — Ad-CMV · hVEGF. The VEGF gene expression was detected by using RT-PCR and Western blot in rabbit aorta vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) infected with AdCMV · hVEGF. Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were incubated with the conditioned medium (CM) from above mentioned VSMC infected with AdCMV · hVEGF to observe the effect of VEGF on proliferation of HUVEC. 48 h after the infection with AdCMV · hVEGF, VSMC demonstrated VEGF expression, and the expressed VEGF could stimulate the proliferation of HUVECin vitro. Successfully prepared AdCMV · hVEGF₁₆₅ could express biologically active VEGF in infected VSMC, and stimulate proliferation of HUVEC.     

支架携带pSV-VEGF_(165)基因促进内皮修复的实验研究

目的评估通过支架向兔颈动脉壁转染pSV -VEGF165基因促进内皮修复的疗效。　方法采用自制支架导送系统 ,由生物凝胶介导 ,将携带质粒 pSV -VEGF165的支架植入兔一侧颈动脉段 ,对侧植入携带质粒 pSV - β- gal的支架作对照。通过RT -PCR、免疫组化染色及扫描电镜 ,观察局部动脉壁外源VEGF基因、蛋白的表达及内皮修复情况。　结果RT -PCR检测证实 ,支架植入术后 1d ,VEGF基因转染动脉段有VEGFmRNA的表达 ;7d表达达高峰。免疫组化染色显示 ,术后 3d外源VEGF蛋白表达 ,表达时间延迟于基因表达 ,但表达趋势与基因表达一致。扫描电镜显示 ,治疗组内皮完全修复时间提前至术后 1月。　结论采用支架携带基因的方法能成功将 pSV -VEGF165基因转移至血管壁 ,血管壁细胞能摄取基因 ,并表达具有生物学功能的蛋白质 ,促进内皮修复。     

人VEGF165和bFGF基因联合治疗大鼠急性心肌梗死

目的观察直接心肌内注射人血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF165)和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)基因对大鼠急性心肌梗死模型血管及梗死面积的治疗效果,评估比较联合应用2种基因与单纯应用一种基因的疗效。方法建立大鼠急性心肌梗死模型,将生理盐水(对照组)、空载体(A组)、VEGF165(B组)、bFGF(C组)、VEGF165和bFGF混合质粒(D组)分3点注射于梗死交界处心肌内,4周后取材做常规HE染色和Masson染色,分别测量各组微血管数量和梗死面积;用免疫组织化学染色鉴定VEGF、bFGF的表达。结果B组、C组和D组心肌毛细血管总数明显大于对照组和A组(P<0.01),D组毛细血管总数大于B组和C组(P<0.01)。D组和C组的梗死面积百分比小于其他3组(P<0.01),D组和C组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。VEGF和bFGF免疫组化染色显示有相应蛋白表达。结论联合应用VEGF和bFGF基因治疗急性心肌梗死,具有明显促进血管生成、缩小梗死面积的作用。     

腺病毒载体介导的VEGF165基因治疗大鼠缺血皮瓣的实验研究

目的 探讨局部应用以腺病毒为载体的血管内皮生长因子(Ad-VEGF165)基因治疗对大鼠缺血皮瓣生存的影响.方法 选用SD大鼠30只,体重350～400 g,随机分成3组,每组10只,在其背部形成8 cm×2 cm的全厚随意型皮瓣.于皮瓣远端皮下分别注射携带血管内皮生长因子基因的腺病毒(Ad-VEGF165目的基因组,简称VEGF165组),携带绿色荧光蛋白基因的腺病毒(Ad-GFP基因组对照,简称GFP组),磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS空白对照组,简称PBS组),48 h后按原设计掀起皮瓣并原位缝合,术后7天,测量皮瓣的成活面积,计算成活面积百分比,并采集成活皮瓣组织行免疫组化、组织学检查等.结果 皮瓣成活面积百分比VEGF165组为(69.4±1.3)%,GFP组为(52.2±1.7)%,PBS组为(52.9±2.9)%,VEGF165组皮瓣成活面积百分比明显高于GFP组和PBS组(P＜0.01).免疫组化显示VEGF165组毛细血管周围VEGF沉积,组织切片微血管密度明显高于GFP组和PBS组(P＜0.01).结论 局部皮下注射Ad-VEGF165可诱导局部VEGF蛋白表达,促进新生血管的形成,提高缺血皮瓣的成活面积,是一种简单有效的基因治疗方法.     

冠状动脉介入治疗后血管内皮生长因子的动态变化及与再狭窄关系

目的探讨经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后(Percutaneouscoronaryintervention,PCI)后患者血清血管内皮生长因子(Endothelialgrowthfactor,VEGF)的变化规律及其与再狭窄的关系。方法采用双抗夹心酶联免疫吸附法检测45例冠心病组和15例对照组血清VEGF浓度,用免疫投射比浊法测定冠心病组血清C反应蛋白(Cresponseprotein,CRP)。结果冠心病组手术前血清VEGF水平显著高于对照组(P<0.01,冠心病组术后1、3dVEGF、CRP水平均较术前明显升高(P<0.01),术后第3天血清VEGF达最高水平,且升高的水平与术后第3天的CRP升高水平呈正相关(r=0.58,P<0.01)。手术后第7天,血清VEGF水平较术前显著降低(P<0.01),与对照组比较,无显著性差异(P=0.551)。冠心病组有38例患者复查了冠状动脉造影,平均获得血管内径丢失指数(28.72±8.56)%,再狭窄8例。术后第7天血清VEGF水平与血管的直径丢失呈负相关(r=-0.87,P<0.01)。再狭窄亚组术后第7天血清VEGF水平较非再狭窄组低(P<0.01)。结论VEGF可能是反应心肌缺血指标,冠状动脉介入治疗后前3d血清VEGF的增高,可能是对介入治疗后血管损伤的反应。术后血清VEGF高水平表达可能对冠状动脉介入治疗术后再狭窄有抑制作用。术后第7天的血清VEGF可以作为再狭窄的预测指标之一。     

HSV-tk基因对实验性血管成形术后再狭窄的抑制作用

为探讨转染单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶（ＨＳＶ ｔｋ）基因联合ｇａｎｃｉｃｌｏｖｉｒ（ＧＣＶ）治疗方案用于治疗冠状动脉成形术后再狭窄的可行性,构建了携带ＨＳＶ ｔｋ基因的复制缺陷型逆转录病毒,利用该病毒将ＨＳＶ ｔｋ基因转染至体外培养的血管平滑肌细胞（ＶＳＭＣ）和大鼠腹主动脉再狭窄模型的损伤动脉中,并均给予ＧＣＶ,分别观察上述处理对ＶＳＭＣ的增殖和新生内膜的形成是否有抑制作用。结果：该方案使培养的ＶＳＭＣ增殖受抑制,抑制程度对ＧＣＶ有剂量依赖关系;既往在恶性肿瘤中发现的旁观者效应,在培养的ＶＳＭＣ中也存在。同时,该方案使大鼠腹主动脉再狭窄模型的新生内膜面积减少。但单纯转染ＨＳＶ ｔｋ基因或单纯应用ＧＣＶ无论在体外还是在体内均无上述抑制作用。提示本基因治疗方案对人类冠脉成形术后再狭窄有治疗价值。     

反义VEGF165真核载体的构建

以质粒pcDNA3.1为载体，将血管内皮基因（VEGF）165cDNA片段反向插入得到反义VEGF165真核表达载体，经过酶切电泳和基因测序证实获得的载体插入方向正确，可以进一步用于反义基因表达的实验研究。     

经皮冠脉内腺病毒载体介导的血管内皮生长因子基因转移治疗严重冠心病

目的 :观察经皮冠脉内腺病毒载体介导的血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)基因转移治疗严重冠心病的疗效。方法 :2例病人均为严重弥漫性三支病变 ,临床上心绞痛为Ⅳ级 ,药物治疗效果不好 ,采用经皮冠脉内途径导入表达人VEGF16 5的腺病毒载体 (AdCMV .VEGF16 5 )。结果 :手术操作过程中 ,患者耐受良好 ,无不良反应发生。两例均在术后 1h出现一过性发热 ,持续 3h ,经处理后体温恢复正常。未发生心肌梗塞 ,心律失常 ,血流动学不稳定或心功能改变 ,随访 6周未出现与腺病毒载体有关的心脏及全身不良反应。 2例病人心绞痛症状均显著改善 (由术前每天需 18～ 2 0片消心痛至术后 3～ 6片 /d ,心绞痛分级由术前Ⅳ级提高至术后Ⅱ级 ) ,术后 45d时冠脉造影示冠脉闭塞区域心肌侧支循环增加。结论 :通过这 2例初步经验 ,提示经皮冠脉内腺病毒载体介导的VEGF16 5基因转移治疗严重冠心病可促进侧支循环形成以及临床心绞痛症状改善。     

腺病毒载体介导的VEGF基因转染对C17.2神经干细胞凋亡的影响

[目的]探讨重组腺病毒介导血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)165基因对缺氧状态下对神经干细胞凋亡的作用.[方法]体外培养C17.2神经干细胞,建立神经干细胞缺氧模型;将携带人类VEGF基因的重组腺病毒感染C17.2神经干细胞;Western-blot法检测VEGF蛋白的表达;流式细胞术测定细胞凋亡率;Hoechst33342染色荧光显微镜观察凋亡小体.[结果]转染pAdCMV VEGF165的C17.2神经干细胞成功表达VEGF蛋白;缺氧后神经干细胞凋亡率为(19.98%±0.55%),转染pAdCMV VEGF165后的细胞凋亡率为(10.38%±0.48%,P＜0.01),而转染pAdCMV VEGF165 VEGF反义寡核脱氧核酸经干细胞凋亡率为(19.07%±0.64%),与对照组无显著差异(P＞0.05).[结论]腺病毒介导的VEGF165基因能成功表达VEGF;外源性VEGF对C17.2神经干细胞具有抗凋亡作用,能够提高C17.2神经干细胞对缺氧的耐受性,有利于神经干细胞的生存.     

Transplantation of VEGF165-gene-transfected endothelial progenitor cells in the treatment of chronic venous thrombosis in rats

Background The organization and recanalization of thrombi is a dynamic and complex process. The aim of this research was to study the cotherapeutic effect of stem cell transplantation and gene transfection on chronic venous thrombosis. Methods We constructed a recombinant adenoviral vector carrying the vascular endothelial growth factor 165 （VEGF165） gene by using the pAdEasy system, which was subsequently identified and amplified. Simultaneously, endothelial progenitor cells （EPCs） were isolated from rat bone marrow using Ficoll, cultured in EBM-2MV medium, and identified. Then, the cells were transfected with the recombinant Ad-VEGF165. The EPCs were labeled with 1 ,1＇-dioctadecyl-3,3,3＇,3＇-tetramethylindocarbocyanine （Dil） before transplantation. A rat model of chronic vein thrombosis was developed by partial ligation of the inferior vena cava. The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups （n=25, each）： A, Ad-VEGF165/EPC-transplantation group received 1 ml （10^6） of Ad-VEGF165/EPCs; B, EPC-transplantation group received 1 ml （10^6） of EPCs; C, Ad/EPC-transplantation group received 1 ml （10^6） of Ad/EPCs; D, control group received 1 ml of the transplantation medium. The thrombi and adjacent caval walls were harvested 28 days after transplantation; real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） mRNA; and western blotting was used to measure changes in VEGF protein expression. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining were performed to detect recanalization. Neovascularization was detected by immunohistochemical staining using the antibody for von Willebrand factor （vWF）, which is a component of endothelial cells.The capillary density was quantitatively determined by counting the capillaries under a high-power microscope. Results The Ad-VEGF165 was constructed, and bone-marrow-derived EPCs were cultivated and successfully identified. We determined the optimum transfection ratio that promoted the growth of EPCs. After transfection, the EPCs secreted the VEGF protein. After transplantation, the in vivo survival of EPCs and their differentiation into endothelial cells were determined by detecting the fluorescence associated with the Dil stain. VEGF mRNA was expressed in groups A, B, C and D after transplantation, and the VEGF mRNA level in group A was significantly higher than those in groups B, C and D （P〈0.05）; the VEGF mRNA levels in groups B and C were significantly higher than those in group D （P〈0.05）, and there was no statistical significance between the VEGF mRNA levels in groups B and C. The recanalization capillary density in group A was significantly higher than those in groups B, C （P 〈0.05） and D （P 〈0.01）; the recanalization capillary densities in groups B and C were significantly higher than that in group D （P 〈0.05）. Moreover, there was no statistical significant difference between the values for groups B and C. Conclusions The EPCs were successfully transfected by Ad-VEGF165. A suitable transfection ratio can improve the efficiency of EPCs and the possibility of promotion of angiogenesis after transplantation. Transfected EPCs caused accelerated organization and recanalization of vein thrombi.     

hVEGF基因防治血管成形术后再狭窄

目的 :观察人血管内皮生长因子 (h VEGF)基因对血管成形术后再狭窄的防治作用。 方法 :建立兔颈总动脉球囊损伤模型 ,以先期构建的真核表达质粒 pc DNA3/ h V EGF1 6 5 (5 0 0 μg,n=12 )和真核载体 pc DN A3(5 0 0 μg,n=12 )分别于血管腔内给药 ,给药后 2周、4周先行颈总动脉造影 ,再取材分别行 H- E、VB染色及 Northern blot分析。结果 :给药后 2周、4周颈总动脉造影示治疗组直径狭窄较对照组明显减少 ;病理检测示 2周、4周治疗组管腔狭窄率较对照组显著减轻 [(9.5 8± 1.35 ) % vs(31.72± 1.72 ) % ;(18.0 9± 2 .93) % vs (44 .0 5± 3.2 8) % ,P<0 .0 1];Northern blot分析显示 2周、4周治疗组特异性条带显色较对照组明显增强。 结论 :pc DNA3/ h VEGF1 6 5 裸质粒 DNA血管腔内给药能转染平滑肌细胞并持续表达至少 4周 ,促进了内皮细胞再生 ,减轻了血管成形术后再狭窄程度。