中药抗血管生成作用的研究概况

血管生成是肿瘤的生长的基础,如恶性肿瘤在生长中,必须要有充足的血供和营养,因此,肿瘤组织必须不断有新生血管生成,否则是不可能的。假若能抑制新生血管生成,就可阻断肿瘤血供和营养,使肿瘤细胞因得不到营养而＂饿死＂以达到防治肿瘤的目的。近年来中医中药就中药抗血管生成作用的研究取得可喜的成果,使抗肿瘤治疗前景更为宽广。     

血管生成抑制素研究现状

血管生成抑制素是一种新发现的可抑制血管形成的活性因子,是纤溶酶原的降解产物。该因子在体外可特异性地抑制血管内皮细胞对多种血管生长因子的增殖反应,在体内可通过抑制血管形成而显著抑制多种肿瘤的转移以及肿瘤原发灶的增长。它是一种具有很好抗癌效应及应用剪影的活性因子。     

血管生成素1与肺损伤研究进展

急性肺损伤（ALI）／急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ANDS）病死率极高,严重威胁重症患者的生命并影响其生存质量。多种危险因素均可诱发ALI／ARDS,     

补血草素类化合物研究概况

综述1990～1995年外文文献报道的79个新的补血草素类化合物的名称、结构（母核及取代基）、生物活性以及生物合成途径。     

苯丙素苷类化合物防治神经退行性疾病的研究进展

苯丙素苷类化合物是一类分布较广的天然糖苷,越来越多的资料表明,苯丙素苷具有防治神经退行性疾病的作用,该文就近年来此方面研究的进展情况进行综述。     

血管生成抑制素研究现状

血管生成抑制素是一种新发现的可抑制血管形成的活性因子,是纤溶酶原的降解产物。该因子在体外可特异性地抑制血管内皮细胞对多种血管生长因子的增殖反应,在体内可通过抑制肿瘤血管形成而显著抑制多种肿瘤的转移以及肿瘤原发灶的增长。它是一种具有很好抗癌效应及应用前景的活性因子。     

云南美登木共生放线菌菌株3C产生的苯丙素类化合物

从云南美登木共生放线菌菌株3C的发酵提取物中分离得到两个苯丙素类化合物1和2.通过谱学特征鉴定了化合物的结构,其中,化合物2为新化合物.通过乙酰化反应得到了相应的乙酰化产物,并通过纸片扩散法测定了所有化合物的抗细菌活性.     

蛇毒解离素抗肿瘤血管生成的研究

血管生成是肿瘤细胞生长、浸润、转移过程中的一个重要环节。肿瘤血管不仅为肿瘤细胞生长提供了充足的营养,而且为肿瘤细胞的转移提供了通道。通过抑制肿瘤血管形成,切断肿瘤细胞的营养供应,可抑制其生长并能减少肿瘤浸润转移的机会。蛇毒解离素抗肿瘤的研究是当前蛇毒研究的热点之一,本文就近年来蛇毒解离素抗肿瘤血管生成方面的研究进展予以综述。     

血管生成,抗血管生成及靶向血管的基因治疗

正常情况下人出生后只有在月经周期和创伤修复时方才有血管的增生；而在许多病理情况下，却发生持续性的、不能控制的血管生成。与此相反，血管生成不足也能导致溃疡愈合失败和心梗。因此调控血管生成是对上述疾病采用的新治疗手段。例如，目前正在用抗血管生成药进行癌症的临床治疗试验；而通过外源性生长因子回速血管生成，则能预防或限制创伤与十二指肠溃疡的损害。本文概述了这一方面的最近进展，并讨论了今后发展的趋势。     

血管生成素2促进缺血心肌细胞凋亡

目的探讨血管紧张素对缺血部位心肌细胞凋亡的影响及可能机制。方法实验动物分假手术组、模型组和实验组。细胞凋亡情况采用原位缺口末端标记法及流式细胞仪Annexin V/PI双标检测法,检测心肌细胞凋亡情况,并通过TR-PCR法检测Bcl-xl和Caspase-3的mRNA表达。结果与假手术组比较模型组凋亡细胞增多,实验组凋亡的细胞数进一步增加。模型组Bcl-xl的mRNA表达下降,实验组下降更明显及模型组Caspase-3的mRNA表达增高,实验组表达最高。结论血管生成素2促进缺血心肌细胞凋亡,其机制可能与抑制Bcl-xl表达及促进Caspase-3表达有关。     

Bevacizumab与Iressa对高转移肝癌原位移植瘤血管形成的抑制作用

目的探讨Bevacizumab与Iressa对人高转移肝癌模型LCI-D20血管形成的抑制作用。方法动物模型制备7d后,分别采用空白对照Bevacizumab、Iressa以及二者联合治疗LCI-D20,用药28d后处死裸鼠,测量肿瘤质量,检测肿瘤组织微血管密度。结果裸鼠模型分为对照(A)组、Bevacizumab(B)组、Iressa(C)组、Bevacizumab与Iressa联合应用(D)组:各组平均瘤重分别为2.01、0.10、1.18、0.04g,A、B、C、D四组做完全随机方差分析,检验统计量F为42.81,P<0.01,A、B、C、D四组有统计学差异;A、B、C、D组做两两均数比较,AB、AC、AD、BC、CD均有差异,BD无差异。平均MVD为39.57、4.87、14.10、2.03人/HP,A、B、C、D四组做完全随机方差分析,检验统计量F为2283.65,P<0.01,A、B、C、D四组有统计学差异。结论血管形成抑制剂Bevacizumab与Iressa有抑制肝癌血管形成及肿瘤生长的活性;联合应用可提高疗效。     

Data management in clinical research: An overview

Clinical Data Management (CDM) is a critical phase in clinical research, which leads to generation of high-quality, reliable, and statistically sound data from clinical trials. This helps to produce a drastic reduction in time from drug development to marketing. Team members of CDM are actively involved in all stages of clinical trial right from inception to completion. They should have adequate process knowledge that helps maintain the quality standards of CDM processes. Various procedures in CDM including Case Report Form (CRF) designing, CRF annotation, database designing, data-entry, data validation, discrepancy management, medical coding, data extraction, and database locking are assessed for quality at regular intervals during a trial. In the present scenario, there is an increased demand to improve the CDM standards to meet the regulatory requirements and stay ahead of the competition by means of faster commercialization of product. With the implementation of regulatory compliant data management tools, CDM team can meet these demands. Additionally, it is becoming mandatory for companies to submit the data electronically. CDM professionals should meet appropriate expectations and set standards for data quality and also have a drive to adapt to the rapidly changing technology. This article highlights the processes involved and provides the reader an overview of the tools and standards adopted as well as the roles and responsibilities in CDM.     

药物减肥机制研究概述

目的：寻找有效安全的减肥药物。方法：查阅国内外献，探讨药物减肥的不同作用机制(作用于中枢或外周)。结果：各类药物通过作用不同靶点起作用，对临床治疗肥胖具有重要意义。结论：有助于研制和开发新型、有效、安全的减肥药物，临床医师可根据不同的作用机制选用合适的药物治疗肥胖，从而达到合理用药的目的。     

Anti-angiogenic activity of resveratrol, a natural compound from medicinal plants

Resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene), a naturally occurring phytoalexin found in grapes and wine, possesses cancer-preventive activity. Angiogenesis is a crucial step in the growth and metastasis of cancers. We have investigated the effect of resveratrol on angiogenesis in vitro and ex vivo, and found that resveratrol directly inhibited human umbilical vein endothelial cell growth and decreased the gelatinolytic activities of matrix metalloproteinase-2. Tube formation was inhibited by treatment with resveratrol after plating endothelial cells on Matrigel. Resveratrol treatment also inhibited endothelial cell attachment to basement membrane components fibronectin and laminin, and displays similar behavior on cell chemotaxis. In addition, resveratrol has been found to be an angiogenesis inhibitor in the rat aorta matrix culture model. Therefore, inhibition of angiogenesis associated with cancer may be a novel mechanism for the anticancer activity of resveratrol.     

An overview of erdosteine antioxidant activity in experimental research.

Erdosteine was introduced in the market as a mucolytic agent for chronic pulmonary diseases more than 10 years ago. The drug contains two blocked sulphydryl groups one of which, after hepatic metabolization and opening of the thiolactone ring, becomes available both for the mucolytic and free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity too. There are several experimental evidences which support the protective effect of erdosteine in acute injury induced by a variety of pharmacological or noxious agents, mediated by products of oxidative stress. Experimental data in animal assigned to receive the noxious agent evidence that co-treatment with erdosteine increases the tissue antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, compared with the toxic agent alone; meanwhile erdosteine decreases the tissue level of nitric oxide, xanthine oxidase, which catalyze oxygen-free radical production. In summary, erdosteine prevents the accumulation of free oxygen radicals when their production is accelerated and increases antioxidant cellular protective mechanisms. The final result is a protective effect on tissues which reduces lipid peroxidation, neutrophil infiltration or cell apoptosis mediated by noxious agents. Recent positive clinical trials in humans seem to fulfill the impressive promises that theory and experimental research have put forward.     

Anti-angiogenic and teratological activities associated with exposure to total particulate matter from commercial cigarettes

Angiogenesis and the embryonic movement (EM) pathway are evolutionarily conserved mechanisms, which are essential for embryonic development. Deviation in these processes from exposure to cigarette total particulate matter (TPM) may produce vascular, morphogenetic, and teratological disorders. The anti-angiogenic and teratogenic potential of TPM from commercially available cigarettes was studied. In vitro effects of TPM on angiogenesis were determined with different assays utilizing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). A chicken embryo model was used to demonstrate the in vivo effects of TPM on EM, vascular development, and organogenesis. The current study provides evidence that cigarette TPM plays an impeding role in endothelial cell proliferation, migration, tube formation, and sprouting, which are crucial factors in angiogenesis. Video recordings and kinematic analyses of the TPM exposed chicken embryos revealed a striking decrease in EM. Likewise, exposure of TPM to embryos resulted in ocular, mandibular, and abdominal hemorrhaging. Several teratologies including ectopia cordis, as well as bi-trunked and mammoth headed embryos were frequent findings among TPM treated embryos. These results are strongly reminiscent of morphogenetic and teratogenic deformities in TPM exposed embryos. This shows that cigarette smoking during pregnancy can be fatal to growing embryos. In addition, TPM may produce defective morphogenesis, leading to various pathologies.     

Anti-angiogenic potential of CoenzymeQ10, riboflavin and niacin in breast cancer patients undergoing tamoxifen therapy

Tumour angiogenesis is a complex mechanism consisting of multi-step events including secretion or activation of angiogenic factors by tumour cells, activation of proteolytic enzymes, proliferation, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells. Both primary and metastatic tumours in the breast are dependent on angiogenesis. In the present study, 84 breast cancer patients were randomized to receive a daily supplement of CoQ(10) 100 mg, riboflavin 10 mg and niacin 50 mg (CoRN), one dosage per day along with tamoxifen (TAM) 10 mg twice a day. Serum pro-angiogenic levels were elevated in untreated breast cancer patients (Group II) and their levels were found to be reduced in breast cancer patients undergoing TAM therapy for more than 1 year (Group III). When these group III breast cancer patients were supplemented with CoRN for 45 days (Group IV) and 90 days (Group V) along with TAM, a further significant reduction in pro-angiogenic marker levels were observed. Supplementing CoRN to breast cancer patients has found to decrease the levels of pro-angiogenic factors and increase the levels of anti-angiogenic factors. A reduction in pro-angiogenic marker levels attributes to reduction in tumour burden and may suggest good prognosis and efficacy of the treatment, and might even offer protection from cancer metastases and recurrence.