人非抗凝血块中基因组DNA提取不同方法的比较

目的:比较三种不同方法提取人非抗凝血块基因组DNA的效果差异。方法:分别采用酚/氯仿法,天根试剂盒,Invitrigen purelinkTM试剂盒提取冻存时间较长的非抗凝血块基因组DNA,测定浓度、OD260/280值,琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测提取的DNA浓度和纯度,测定PCR产物灰度值。结果:三种方法都可以提取出基因组DNA,测定DNA浓度分别为:(35.56±15.27)ng/μL,(45.13±16.54)ng/μL,(57.93±14.5)ng/μL,组间存在统计学差异(P<0.01),A260/A280值分别为:1.46±0.19,1.49±0.16,1.519±0.23,三组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);三种方法提取的基因组DNA都能通过PCR扩增出目的条带,PCR产物电泳灰度值结果分别为:75.421±3.435,149.32±6.875和229.52±19.55,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:三种不同方法都能提取出冻存时间较长的非抗凝血块基因组DNA,但Invitrigen purelinkTM试剂盒法效果最好。     

简便快速的PCR产物回收方法

目的分析比较几种PCR产物回收方法的回收效果.方法针对PCR DNA的回收效果及回收特点,采用内皮素(Endothelin)基因PCR反应产物,分别利用本室建立的二种新方法--速冻-快速离心法、凝胶浸泡法和传统方法--玻璃珠试剂盒回收法对PCR产物DNA进行回收,用琼脂糖凝胶电泳鉴定3种方法回收PCR产物的效果.结果发现两种新方法回收DNA带的亮度强,与传统方法相比,差异无显著性(P＞0.10).结论说明速冻-快速离心法与凝胶浸泡法不仅具有玻璃珠试剂盒回收PCR 产物的效果,而且经济、方便、可靠,是两种可行的PCR产物回收方法.     

应用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵纯化PCR产物

目的：建立应用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide,CTAB)PCR产物纯化的方法。方法：应用CTAB对PCR产物进行选择性沉淀,CTAB与DNA形成复合我1．2mol/L NaCl溶液中溶解,再用乙醇将PCR产物沉淀出来,结果:这种方法可以去除PCR产物中引物和小分子dNTP,虽然纯化的产率占现在市场上的一些试剂盒产率的80％,但其成本比较低,仍不失是一种PCR产物纯化的方法,结论：利用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵可以用于PCR产物纯化。     

样品制备与扩增条件对寡核苷酸芯片杂交结果的影响

目的 以HLA-A小阵列检测芯片为平台，确定HLA-A寡核苷酸芯片检测中最优化实验条件。方法 观察了样品制备方法(传统酚-氯仿法、白细胞裂解液法、Fe2O3纳米磁珠)、不对称PCR制备ssDNA的参数、PCR产物纯化方法对杂交结果的影响。结果 3种不同的基因组提取方法均获得良好的特异性PCR扩增结果，纳米磁珠应用于样品提取和PCR扩增获得成功，实验条件需进一步完善；在不对称PCR最佳实验条件为反向引物与正向引物浓度比25：1，正向引物浓度为0．04μmol／L，PCR灵敏度可达ng(纳克)模板DNA，Qiagen纯化试剂盒效果略强于其它两种，但差异无显著性。结论 本研究初步探讨HLA-A生物芯片样品制备条件，并取得理想结果，为寡核苷酸生物芯片的实际操作提供一定的参考和指导。     

MS-MLPA方法在Prader-Willi综合征及Angelman综合征基因诊断中的应用

目的 检测甲基化特异性的多莆连接依赖的探针扩增(MS-MLPA)方法的敏感性和可靠性,以寻求一种简单、重复性好、精确度高的用于Prader-Willi综合征(PWS)和Angeiman综合征(As)的基因诊断方法.方法 DNA提取试剂盒提取基因组DNA,然后,用DNA纯化试剂盒进行纯化.用MS-MLPA试剂盒Me028对临床诊断的2例PWS和4例AS患儿进行基因检测分析.扩增的PCR产物用测序仪ABI 310进行基因型分析,最终所得数据用GeneMarker软件进行分析.MS-MLPA的检测结果用甲基化特异性聚合酶链反应进行验证.结果 4例AS中3例源于母源染色体15q11～q13缺失,1例源于父源染色体15q11～q13单亲二倍体或印记中心缺陷;2例PWS中1例源于父源染色体15q11-q13缺失,1例尚不能明确原因.结论 MS-MLPA是一种简单、高效、准确、可靠的基因检测方法.     

应用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵纯化PCR产物

目的建立应用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, CTAB)PCR产物纯化的方法。方法应用CTAB对PCR产物进行选择性沉淀。CTAB与DNA形成复合我1.2 mol/L NaCl溶液中溶解,再用乙醇将PCR产物沉淀出来。结果这种方法可以去除PCR产物中引物和小分子dNTP。虽然纯化的产率占现在市场上的一些试剂盒产率的80%,但其成本比较低,仍不失是一种PCR产物纯化的方法。结论利用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵可以用于PCR产物纯化。     

快速测定短片段DNA序列

目的介绍一种由纯化的PCR产物快速测序的方法。方法采用QIAquick纯化试剂盒将PCR扩增产物纯化,再进行测序反应,于DNA测序仪上测定短片段DNA序列。结果测序图谱与预期结果一致。结论该法简便、快速,适宜于短片段DNA的序列测定,可在临床实验室中推广。     

经典酚/氯仿抽提法和纯化试剂盒法提取全血基因组DNA的比较

目的 比较经典酚/氯仿法和纯化试剂盒法抽提全血基因组DNA的差异.方法 分别对两种方法抽提的全血DNA产物进行紫外分光光度仪、琼脂糖凝胶电泳和体外聚合酶链锁反应（PCR）扩增.结果 两种方法DNA的提取效率相似,TaKaBa试剂盒法提取的纯度[光密度（OD）260nm/280nm]较常规酚/氯仿法明显提高.结论 TaKaBa试剂盒法较传统酚/氯仿提取基因组DNA法快速、简便、经济,可用于PCR模板DNA的制备.     

DNA甲基化的焦磷酸测序通过率

目的 研究不同的PCR产物投入量 (2.5μL, 5μL和10μL) , 对焦磷酸测序通过率的影响.方法从20例酒依赖患者和20例健康对照全血样本中提取DNA.按各样本的DNA用量200 ng进行亚硫酸盐转化, 经PCR扩增后, 按PCR产物不同投入量 (2.5μL, 5.0μL和10.0μL) , 对目的基因序列进行焦磷酸测序.结果 比较各组平均峰高值和焦磷酸测序通过率, 5μL体系的平均峰高以及焦磷酸测序通过率均高于2.5μL体系;10.0μL体系高于5μL体系, 10μL体系为最佳.3组平均峰高和焦磷酸测序通过率, 差异有统计学意义 (P<0.05) .结论 在DNA量统一为200 ng进行亚硫酸盐转化的前提下, 所得PCR产物投入量以10μL为最佳, 焦磷酸测序通过率最高, 达100%.     

小肠RNA对小鼠辐射损伤修复的差异基因表达

0　引言　辐射外源核酸 (RNA,DNA)对受照小鼠肠腺的恢复作用已有文献报道 [1 - 3] .我们建立辐射模型后给予 RNA治疗 ,采集肠组织标本后用消减杂交基础上的 L D- PCR技术 ,观察外源小肠 RNA对受照小鼠损伤修复的差异基因表达 ,为进一步研究电离辐射对小鼠肠道损伤的修复机制奠定基础 .1　材料和方法1 .1　材料　 m RNA提取采用 Promega公司 Poly ATtract RSystem1 0 0 0试剂盒 ,反转录采用 SMARTTMPCR c DNA Syn-thesis Kit (Clontech) ,PCR产物纯化试剂盒采用 Promega公司 Wizard R Plus Minipreps DNA Purification…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.