TxA_2产生游离的新指标11-脱氢-TXB_2和2、3-去甲-TXB_2

血小板聚集时所产生的游离TXA_2是极不稳定的,在水溶液中非酶性的半衰期约20秒,随即被分解为TXB_2。因此,血中TXB_2作为TXA_2产生的指标被采用。但是,由于采血时人工因素的影响,使其不能成为理想的检测指标。     

A-aDO2及A-aDO2/FiO2在SARS患者血气分析中的意义

目的探讨肺泡-动脉血氧分压差(A-aDO2)在SARS患者血气分析中的意义.方法对116例患者的血气分析进行检测,以氧合指数分成4组,正常组≥400mmHg,轻度肺损伤300～400mmHg,急性肺损伤(ALI)＜300mmHg,急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)＜200mmHg.取A-aDO2与FiO2的比值,观察其数值的变化情况.结果在SARS患者,其A-aDO2、A-aDO2/FiO2平均值在4组中有明显差异,随着氧合指数的下降,A-aDO2/FiO2呈明显上升趋势.结论随着肺损伤的加重A-aDO2值明显增加,其与FiO2的比值与氧合指数呈负相关,是提示SARS患者肺损伤、病情轻重的有效指标.     

COX-2/PGE2与肿瘤相关免疫细胞

肿瘤可过表达环氧合酶-2(COX-2)及其代谢产物前列腺素E2(PGE2),后者是一种可引发炎症和癌症的生物活性脂质。PGE2通过4个不同的G蛋白耦联受体(EP1、EP2、EP3和EP4)激活不同的下游信号通路,而EP2、EP4受体是介导PGE2抗炎和抑制免疫活性的主要分子。COX-2/PGE2在肿瘤信号传导中发挥重要作用,其可影响肿瘤微环境中的癌细胞和反应性基质,并以多种机制抑制肿瘤免疫。COX-2/PGE2与肿瘤微环境中的免疫细胞及其他负性免疫信号通路之间存在复杂的相互调节关系,通过联合阻断COX-2/PGE2及其他靶点可起到协同抗肿瘤作用。     

1例CisA_2B_2血型及其家系调查

<正> 献血者曹××,女,43岁。献血时自述"AB"型,复查时定为"A"型,经进一步血型血清学检查和家系调查,定为 CisA_2B_2型。实验室检查1.受检者红细胞抗原及血清中抗体测定结果见表1。受检者红细胞与抗 A、抗 A,B 血清凝集     

呼吸通气量与SpO2和PETCO2关系的研究

通过对２７例ＡＳＡⅠ￣Ⅱ级择期上腹部手术病人全身麻醉苏醒期内呼吸功能恢复的观察，对通气量，动脉血氧饱和度和呼气未二氧化碳分压以及血液动力学的变化及其间的关系进行了定时研究。结果表明，当病人自主呼吸恢复至通气量达到（１１４￣１５０）ｍＬ／ｋｇ·ｍｉｎ＾－１时，病人呼吸室内空气条件下，动脉血氧饱和度可以达到（９２．８±２．１）％（Ｘ±Ｓ），呼气末二氧化碳分压为（６．５±０．７）ｋＰａ（Ｘ±Ｓ）。当通气     

乳腺癌中COX-2蛋白与HER2基因表达的相关性

目的 探讨浸润性乳腺癌组织中的COX-2蛋白表达与HER2基因扩增的相关性及其临床意义.方法 收集78例浸润性导管乳腺癌患者术后组织学标本,免疫组化(IHC)检测COX-2蛋白的表达,荧光原位杂交(FISH)检测HER2基因突变状态,并结合临床特征资料分析两者的相关性.结果 78例浸润性乳腺癌患者中,COX-2蛋白阳性...     

ELISA底物溶液中H2O2浓度的选择

ELISA 大都应用H_2O_2为底物氧化邻苯二胺显色作为指示系统.然而,市售H_2O_2的标示含量虽为大于300ml/L,实际上由于H_2O_2的不稳定性,其真实含量很不准确,且瓶间差异较大,致使阴性血清对照孔显色的A 值波动大,从而影响实验结果的判断,不利于室内质控的开展.本文就此问题进行探讨,现报告如下.     

溃疡性结肠炎患者血清IL-2及sIL-2R浓度变化的研究

目的 研究白细胞介素2(IL-2)及可溶性白细胞介素2受体(sIL-2R)在溃疡性结肠炎(US)患者血清中浓度变化及与疾病活动性的关系。方法 用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定UC患者活动期、缓解期及正常对照者血清IL-2及sIL-2R的浓度。结果 32例UC患者活动期与缓解期及29例正常对照者比较,UC患者活动期外周血中IL-2的浓度显著降低,与缓解期组和正常对照组相比差异有均显著性(P<0.05);而外周血sIL-2R的浓度与缓解期组和正常对照组相比均显著升高(P<0.05)。结论 IL-2及sIL-2R在UC肠道的炎症病理中起重要作用,但具体机制有待于进一步研究。     

Atomic and electronic structure of solids of Ge2Br2PN,Ge2I2PN,Sn2Cl2PN,Sn2Br2PN and Sn2I2PN inorganic double helices: a first principles study

We report the results of density functional theory calculations on the atomic and electronic structure of solids formed by assembling A₂B₂PN (A = Ge and Sn, B = Cl, Br, and I) inorganic double helices. The calculations have been performed using a generalized gradient approximation for the exchange–correlation functional and including van der Waals interactions. Our results show that the double helices crystallize in a monoclinic lattice with van der Waals type weak interactions between the double helices. In all cases except Ge₂Cl₂PN, the solids are stable with a binding energy between the double helices ranging from 0.06 eV per atom to 0.09 eV per atom and inter-double helices separation of more than 3.33 Å. All the solids are semiconducting. Further calculations have been done by using meta-GGA with a modified Becke–Johnson functional to obtain better band gaps, which are found to lie in the range of 0.91 eV to 1.49 eV. In the case of Ge₂Br₂PN the solid is a direct band gap semiconductor although the isolated double helix has an indirect band gap and it is suggested to be interesting for photovoltaic, and other optoelectronic applications. The charge transfer between the atoms has been studied using Bader charge analysis and the DDEC6 method in the CHARGEMOL program, which suggests charge transfer from the outer helix to the inner helix.

We report the results of density functional theory calculations on the atomic and electronic structure of solids formed by assembling A₂B₂PN (A = Ge and Sn, B = Cl, Br, and I) inorganic double helices.     

有丝分裂原激酶MEKK2调节白细胞介素2生成的研究

目的 探讨有丝分裂原激酶MEKK2对IL-2生成的影响。方法 用MEKK2和JNK激酶活性测定、荧光素酶报告基因检测、逆转录-聚合酶链反应及Western blot等方法，检测在PHA／抗CD28抗体刺激Jurkat细胞后MEKK2对IL-2转录和翻译的影响结果经PHA／抗CD28抗体刺激后，亲本Jurkat细胞AP1和IL-2启动子荧光素酶报告基因活性分别增加4倍和5倍。而MEKK2功能域灭活的Jurkat细胞AP1和IL-2启动子荧光素酶报告基因活性仅各增加1倍。经PHA／抗CD28抗体刺激后，亲本Jurkat细胞IL-2 mRNA的转录和IL-2蛋白的表达明显增加，而MEKK2功能域灭活的Jurkat细胞IL-2 mRNA的转录和IL-2蛋白的表达无明显增加。结论 MEKK2在IL-2的生成过程中起重要的调节作用，MEKK2可以作为药物作用的靶点，从而筛选有效药物抑制免疫反应，提高移植物抗宿主病和自身免疫性疾病治疗的疗效。     

2-hydroxyestradiol is a prodrug of 2-methoxyestradiol

Previous in vivo studies indicate that 2-hydroxyestradiol (2OHE) attenuates cardiovascular and renal diseases. In vitro studies suggest that the biological effects of 2OHE are mediated by 2-methoxyestradiol (2MEOE) after methylation of 2OHE by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). This study tested the hypothesis that in vivo 2OHE is a prodrug of 2MEOE. We administered to male rats i.v. boluses of either 2OHE or 2MEOE and measured plasma levels of 2OHE and 2MEOE by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry at various time points after drug administration. After administration of 2OHE, plasma levels of 2OHE declined extremely rapidly [t(1/2(1)) = 0.94 min and t(1/2(2)) = 10.2 min] becoming undetectable after 45 min. Concomitant with the disappearance of 2OHE, 2MEOE occurred and then declined [t(1/2(1)) = 7.9 min and t(1/2(2)) = 24.9 min]. The peak concentration and total exposure (area under the curve) for 2OHE were much lower than for 2MEOE. 2OHE had a much higher plasma clearance (CL) and volume of distribution (V(d)) compared with 2MEOE (2OHE: CL = 1215 ml min(-1) kg(-1) and V(d) = 17,875 ml/kg; 2MEOE: CL = 50 ml min(-1) kg(-1) and V(d) = 1760 ml/kg). After administration of 2MEOE, plasma levels of 2MEOE declined [t(1/2(1)) = 2.5 min and t(1/2(2)) = 20.2 min] with a plasma CL of 50 ml min(-1) kg(-1) and a V(d) of 1500 ml/kg. We could not detect 2OHE in plasma from rats receiving 2MEOE. We conclude that the conversion of 2OHE to 2MEOE is so efficient that in terms of 2MEOE exposure, administration of 2OHE is bioequivalent to administration of 2MEOE itself.     

乳腺癌环氧合酶-2和基质金属蛋白酶-2及其抑制因子的表达

目的 研究环氧合酶(COX)-2、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2及其抑制因子(TIMP-2)在乳腺癌组织中的蛋白表达及其相互关系.方法 建立组织芯片平台,应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测127例乳腺癌组织COX-2、MMP-2和TIMP-2蛋白的表达情况.结果 乳腺癌COX-2、MMP-2和TIMP-2阳性率分别为81.1%(103/127)、96.9%(123/127)和60.6%(77/127);COX-2的表达与乳腺癌腋淋巴结转移和TNM分期均呈正相关(P<0.01,P<0.05),与孕激素受体表达呈负相关(P<0.05);MMP-2蛋白表达与COX-2表达呈显著正相关(r=0.290,P<0.01).结论 乳腺癌COX-2表达状况与肿瘤侵袭转移有密切关系,COX-2可能通过调控MMP-2表达来促进肿瘤侵袭转移.     

高血压病人定量运动前后氧及二氧化碳分压的变化

目的 研究高血压病人定时定量运动前后氧及二氧化碳分压的变化,以指导病人正常的运动。方法 选取 30例高血压病人,按 I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期高血压分类,分别测定其运动前、后氧及二氧化碳分压,另选取 30例无高血压病和心、脑、肾等疾病者为对照组。结果 高血压患者动脉氧分压运动后较运动前均有不同程度的升高, I、Ⅱ期高血压病患者动脉氧分压较Ⅲ期运动后比运动前有明显提高。结论 适当的运动可能有助于 I、Ⅱ期高血压病人降压治疗。     

空气净化前后老年2型糖尿病患者PaO2和PaCO2的变化

目的探讨对老年 2型糖尿病患者行空气净化前后动脉血氧分压 (PaO2 )和二氧化碳分压 (PaCO2 )的变化。方法 5 5例老年 2型糖尿病患者分为观察组 ( 2 9例 )和对照组 ( 2 6例 )。观察组患者所处疗养室每日 2 4h进行空气净化。分别于净化前、净化后第 2、3、4周抽取动脉血检测PaO2 、PaCO2 、pH值和氧饱和度。 结果空气净化 4周后 ,观察组PaO2 、PaCO2 、氧饱和度有明显改善 (P <0 .0 1) ,pH值无显著性变化。结论空气净化能改善老年 2型糖尿病患者的PaO2 、PaCO2 。     

22项生化检测项目测量不确定度的评价

目的：根据临床实验室室内质量控制和室间质量评价的累积数据评价22项生化检测项目的测量不确定度。方法收集检验科2013年1～6月22项生化检测项目的室内质量控制数据和2012～2014年间常规化学室内质控和室间质评的数据,依据 Nordtest准则,分别计算与精密度和偏倚相关的不确定度分量,然后评估合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度。结果利用室内质控与室间质评数据可以逐步计算出22项生化检测项目的不确定度范围为4.24～24.88,其中 ALP的扩展不确定度最大,达到24.88;Na＋的扩展不确定度最小,仅为4.24。各类指标的扩展不确定度范围如下：电解质（4.27～18.16,Na＋最低,Mg最高）;酶类（8.12～24.88,GGT最低,ALP最高）;小分子物质（4.88～12.44,GLU最低,Cr最高）;蛋白与脂类（4.78～13.1,TC最低,TG最高）。结论使用累积的室内质控与室间质评数据评定生化定量检测项目的不确定度简便可行,可用于定期评估检验结果准确性。     

Grain growth of NpO2 and UO2 nanocrystals

We report on the crystallite growth of nanometric NpO₂ and UO₂ powders. The AnO₂ nanoparticles (An = U and Np) were synthesized by hydrothermal decomposition of the corresponding actinide(iv) oxalates. NpO₂ powder was isothermally annealed between 950 °C and 1150 °C and UO₂ between 650 °C and 1000 °C. The crystallite growth was then followed by high-temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD). The activation energies for the growth of crystallites of UO₂ and NpO₂ were determined to be 264(26) kJ mol⁻¹ and 442(32) kJ mol⁻¹, respectively, with a growth exponent n = 4. The value of the exponent n and the low activation energy suggest that the crystalline growth is rate-controlled by the mobility of the pores, which migrate by atomic diffusion along the pore surfaces. We could thus estimate the cation self-diffusion coefficient along the surface in UO₂, NpO₂ and PuO₂. While data for surface diffusion coefficients for NpO₂ and PuO₂ are lacking in the literature, the comparison with literature data for UO₂ supports further the hypothesis of a surface diffusion controlled growth mechanism.

We report on the crystallite growth of nanometric NpO₂ and UO₂ powders.     

Photoluminescence of PdS2 and PdSe2 quantum dots

Group-10 transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials have recently attracted considerable attention in optoelectronics applications. However, so far their quantum dot (QD) counterparts with photoluminescence (PL) nature still remain to be revealed. In this study, 2 typical types of group-10 TMD material (PdS₂ and PdSe₂) QDs are fabricated via liquid exfoliation using N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solvent. The absorption and PL spectra of these QD solutions are studied, exhibiting excitation wavelength-dependent behaviors and large Stokes shifts. Furthermore, the quantum yield and decay lifetime are also investigated and analyzed. The obtained results suggest promising optoelectronic applications with group-10 TMD QDs in the future.

PdS₂ and PdSe₂ QDs are fabricated via liquid exfoliation using NMP solvent. The PL behaviors of these QD solutions are studied. The obtained results suggest promising optoelectronic applications with group-10 TMD QDs in the future.     

The safety needle switchover,part 2 of 2

South Carolina's Greenville Hospital System (GHS) minimizes caregivers' exposure to blood and body fluid through a risk-reduction program that hinges on feedback from data analysis and frontline staff.