Long-Term Survival in Patients with Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Treated with Cytoreductive Surgery and Perioperative Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy: 10 Years of Experience from a Single Institution

Background  Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (PIC) has been recognized as a treatment option for pseudomyxoma peritonei. This study reports the survival outcomes, clinicopathological prognostic factors, and a learning curve from a single institution’s experience. Methods   Patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei underwent CRS and PIC, which was comprised of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) and/or early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC), according to a standardized treatment protocol in our institution. Clinicopathological factors were analyzed to determine their prognostic value for survival using univariate and multivariate analysis. Time period comparison was performed to study the effect of a learning curve. Results   A total of 106 patients (43 men and 63 women) were treated. The mortality rate was 3% and severe morbidity rate was 49%. The median follow-up was 23 (range, 0–140) months. The overall median survival was 104 months with a 5-year survival rate of 75%. The progression-free survival was 40 months with a 1-year progression-free survival rate of 71%. Factors influencing survival include histopathological type of tumor, use of both HIPEC and EPIC, peritoneal cancer index, completeness of cytoreduction, and severe morbidity. The results demonstrate a learning curve where patients with a higher peritoneal cancer index (PCI) were treated, reduced amount of blood products required, more patients undergoing HIPEC and the combined HIPEC and EPIC, more redo-procedures performed, and a longer progression-free survival. Conclusions   This report demonstrates long-term survival outcomes, acceptable perioperative outcomes, and a learning curve associated with the treatment of patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei.     

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??Treatment and prognosis of pseudomyxoma peritonei WANG Yao*??FANG Guo-en??ZHANG Jin, et al. *Department of General Surgery??Changhai Hospital of the Second Military Medical University??Shanghai 200433??China Corresponding author??FANG Guo-en??E-mail??wangyaoo1982@yahoo.cn Abstract Objective To summarize the experience of treating pseudomyxoma peritonei??PMP??and analyzed the prognosis. Methods A total of 42 patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei??PMP??treated in our hospital from 1990-2008 were analyzed retrospectively. OF the 42 patients , 21 underwent cytoreductive surgery(CRS group),19 underwent CRS and intraoperative peritoneal hyperthermia-chemotherapy(CRS??IPHC group).The median follow-up period was 6.8 years??range??1??16 years??. Results There was no significant difference in 1-year survival rate between the CRS group and CRS??IPHC group??P>0.05??.The 3??5-year survival rates were significant higher in CRS??IPHC group than in CRS group, while the recurrence rate was in contrast??P<0.05??. Conclusions The using of CRS and IPHC might improve the survival rate of patients with PMP.     

腹膜假性黏液瘤的治疗及预后分析

目的 总结探讨腹膜假性黏液瘤治疗的经验及预后。方法 回顾性分析1990年1月至2007年12月第二军医大学长海医院收治的42例腹膜假性黏液瘤病人的治疗及随访情况。结果 42例病人均经手术治疗,其中23例仅行细胞减灭术（CRS组）,19例行细胞减灭术及术中腹腔温热化疗（CRS+IPHC组）。全部病人无手术死亡,随访1～16（平均6.8）年。其中CRS+IPHC组与CRS组的1年存活率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,CRS+IPHC组3、5年存活率显著高于CRS组（P<0.05）,复发率显著低于CRS组（P<0.05）。结论 细胞减灭术辅以术中腹腔温热化疗可提高腹膜假性黏液瘤病人的存活率。     

A Systematic Review on the Efficacy of Cytoreductive Surgery and Perioperative Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Pseudomyxoma Peritonei

Background The efficacy of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (PIC) for patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) remains to be established. Methods Searches for all relevant studies prior to March 2006 were performed on six databases. Two reviewers independently appraised each study using a predetermined protocol. The quality of each study was assessed. Clinical effectiveness was synthesized through a narrative review with full tabulation of results of all included studies. Results Ten most recent updates from each institution were included for appraisal and data extraction. There were no randomized controlled trials or comparative studies. All included articles were observational studies without control groups. Five studies were relatively large series (n≥100). Two studies had relatively long-term follow-up (48 months and 52 months). The median follow-up in the remaining eight studies was shorter than 3 years (range 19–35 months). The median survival ranged from 51 to 156 months. The 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-year survival rates varied from 80 to 100%, 76 to 96%, 59 to 96% and 52 to 96%, respectively. The overall morbidity rate varied from 33 to 56%. The overall mortality rates ranged from 0 to 18%. Conclusions This study reviewed current evidence on CRS and PIC for PMP. Only observational studies were available for evaluation, which demonstrated some promising long-term results, as compared to historical controls. Due to the rarity of this disease, a well-designed prospective multi-institutional study would be meaningful.     

Critical Analysis of Treatment Failure After Complete Cytoreductive Surgery and Perioperative Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Peritoneal Dissemination From Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasms

Background Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (PIC) has been suggested as a treatment strategy for peritoneal carcinomatosis. The objective of this data analysis was to study treatment failure after complete cytoreduction for peritoneal dissemination from appendiceal mucinous neoplasms. Methods Before June 2006, a total of 402 patients with peritoneal dissemination from appendiceal mucinous neoplasms underwent complete cytoreduction and PIC at the Washington Cancer Institute. Patient characteristics, pathologic features, and treatment-related data were obtained from a prospective database. Survival analyses were performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox regression model. Results After a median follow-up of 66 months, the 5- and 10-year progression-free survival rates for these 402 patients were 70% and 67%, respectively. Disease progression was the only independent risk factor for a reduced overall survival. One hundred eleven patients (28%) developed progressive disease. Of these, 98 patients underwent second-time and 26 patients third-time CRS and PIC. Complete cytoreduction after repeat surgery was the only independent prognostic factor for improved survival. The most common sites of treatment failure were on the small bowel and in the pelvis. Conclusions The present study reported the patterns of treatment failure after complete cytoreduction and demonstrated that a disease-free state is important for long-term survival in peritoneal dissemination from appendiceal mucinous neoplasms. Repeat complete cytoreduction should be pursued when possible and is associated with improved overall survival in patients with recurrent disease.     

Prognostic Value of Circulating Tumor Markers in Patients with Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Treated with Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy

Background Encouraging results have been recently reported in selected patients affected by pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) treated with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). The selection factors predicting clinical outcome are still a matter of clinical investigation. We assessed the prognostic reliability of serum tumor markers in a large series of patients with PMP undergoing CRS and HIPEC. Methods Sixty-two patients with PMP were operated on at a single institution with the intent of performing adequate CRS (residual tumor nodules ≤2.5mm) and HIPEC. Baseline and serial marker measurements were prospectively collected and tested by multivariate analysis with respect to adequate cytoreduction, overall (OS) and progression-free (PFS) survival, along with the following variables: age, sex, performance status, prior surgical score, histological subtype, prior systemic chemotherapy, disease extent, completeness of cytoreduction. Results Baseline diagnostic sensitivity was 72.6% for CEA, 58.1% for CA19.9, 58.7% for CA125, 36.1% for CA15.3. Fifty-three patients underwent adequate CRS and HIPEC; gross residual tumor was left after surgery in nine. Adequate CRS was performed in 19/27 patients with elevated and in 19/19 with normal baseline CA125 (P = .0140). The other markers were unable to predict the completeness of CRS by univariate analysis. Baseline elevated CA19.9 was an independent predictor of reduced PFS; inadequate CRS and aggressive histology were independent prognostic factors for both reduced OS and PFS. Conclusion Normal CA125 correlated to the likelihood to achieve adequate CRS, which is a significant prognostic factor for PMP. Increased baseline CA19.9 was an independent predictor of worse PFS after CRS and HIPEC.     

Updated treatment of peritoneal carcinomas: a review

Peritoneal surface malignancy (PSM) is a clinical entity with an unfavourable prognosis, which characterizes the evolution of neoplastic diseases from the abdominal and/or pelvic organs and could also be the terminal stage of extra-abdominal tumors. Examples of diseases that can spread mainly within the peritoneal cavity are appendiceal tumors, ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, abdominal sarcomatosis, gastric cancer and peritoneal mesothelioma. The locoregional therapy is defined as the combination of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion (IPHP). The rationale of this combined therapy for PSM is based on the natural history of this clinical entity that remains confined in the peritoneal cavity for most of its natural history. This pattern of spread would seem to indicate the potential usefulness of selectively increasing drug concentration in the tumour-bearing area by direct intraperitoneal chemotherapy instillation. This approach led to these outcomes: the median survival of colorectal carcinoma and ovarian cancer was 32 months; patients with peritoneal mesothelioma showed 57% survival at 5 years, while in patients with appendiceal mucinous tumors and pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) the 10 years overall survival was 78%. A significant improvement in survival was associated with hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in patients with gastric cancer. Considering the constant increasing of diseases treatable with this procedure, more centres should be activated. The establishment of a clear policy and scientific guidelines is mandatory, in order to perform the CRS+HIPEC safely, minimizing treatment-related morbidity and mortality and maximizing the results in terms of survival and quality of life.     

39例腹膜假粘液瘤生存预后分析

目的探讨腹膜假性粘液瘤的临床病理特征并分析其生存预后。方法回顾性分析我院2002年5月～2011年12月收治的39例腹膜假粘液瘤患者的临床及随访资料,运用单因素及多因素统计分析方法,寻找影响患者生存期的预后因素。结果全部患者行手术治疗,32例行单纯术中腹腔化疗,7例行腹腔内热化疗。中位随访时间为40个月,随访期内9例患者死亡,其中1例为腹腔内热化疗患者。5年、10年生存率分别为89.0%和35.0%。中位生存期为37个月。单因素分析显示术前肿瘤标志物高于正常及病理分型为腹膜粘液腺瘤病者对生存期延长有统计意义（P=0.027,P=0.048）。多因素分析显示病理类型可作为影响总生存的独立预后因素（P=0.033）。结论术前肿瘤标志物水平可在一定程度上影响患者生存。病理组织分型在影响患者生存期的因素中仍占主导地位。     

Peritonectomy and Intraperitoneal Hyperthermic Perfusion (IPHP): A Strategy That Has Confirmed its Efficacy in Patients with Pseudomyxoma Peritonei

Background: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare disease with a poor prognosis characterized by a complete redistribution of mucin within the peritoneal cavity. The aim of this multicentric study was to evaluate the survival, morbidity, toxicity, and mortality of patients with PMP treated by cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion (IPHP).Methods: Thirty-three patients with PMP (21 males and 12 females) were enrolled in a phase II clinical trial. One patient underwent surgery twice because of disease recurrence. CRS was performed with peritonectomy procedures. The closed abdomen technique was employed for IPHP with use of cisplatin (25 mg/m²/L) plus mitomycin-C (3.3 mg/m²/L) for 60 minutes under hyperthermic conditions (42.5°C).Results: Thirty-one patients (92%) were optimally cytoreduced. Five-year overall survival, progression-free survival, and locoregional progression-free survival rates were 97%, 43%, and 59%, respectively. Grade II and grade III morbidity was observed in 5 patient (15%) and 6 patients (18%), respectively. There was one treatment-related death (3%), 21 days after treatment.Conclusions: CRS associated with IPHP permitted complete tumor removal with an acceptable morbidity and mortality for patients with PMP. This study confirms the efficacy of the combined treatment in terms of long-term survival and local disease control.     

Rare diaphragmatic complications following cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC: report of two cases

Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) have been proven to be an effective treatment modality for selected patients with peritoneal surface malignancies. The most common surgical complications after CRS and HIPEC are anastomotic leakage, intestinal obstruction and peripancreatitis. This case report presents two patients with early and late postoperative diaphragmatic hernia after CRS and HIPEC. One patient that initially had pseudomyxoma peritonei complained of persistent chest pain and dyspeptic disorder after peritonectomy and HIPEC and underwent reoperation due to a left diaphragmatic hernia containing the splenocolic flexure. The other patient had gastric cancer and peritoneal carcinomatosis and developed anastomotic leakage of the transverse colon anastomosis and pleural empyema. Stripping of the diaphragm is often performed during CRS, sometimes combined with diaphragmatic resection. A herniation through a diaphragmatic defect is rarely diagnosed during either the early or late postoperative period. Direct suture of the defect or closure with synthetic or biological tissue are possible surgical techniques for repair with a good prognosis.     

A Critical Evaluation of Risk Factors for Complications After Cytoreductive Surgery and Perioperative Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Colorectal Peritoneal Carcinomatosis

Background  

Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (PIC) has demonstrated improved survival in selected patients with colorectal peritoneal carcinomatosis (CRPC). This treatment modality is associated with relatively high rates of perioperative morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated the clinical and treatment-related risk factors for perioperative morbidity and mortality in patients with CRPC who underwent CRS and PIC.     

Critical Assessment of Risk Factors for Complications After Cytoreductive Surgery and Perioperative Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Pseudomyxoma Peritonei

Background

Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (PIC) has demonstrated improved survival in selected patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). However, this aggressive treatment modality has been consistently associated with variable rates of perioperative mortality between 0% and 18% and morbidity between 30% and 70%. This study evaluates the clinical and treatment-related risk factors for perioperative morbidity and mortality in PMP patients who underwent CRS and PIC.

Materials and Methods

A total of 145 consecutive CRS and PIC procedures for PMP performed between January 1996 and March 2009 were evaluated. The association of 12 clinical and 20 treatment-related risk factors with grades III and IV/V morbidity were assessed by univariable and multivariable analysis.

Results

The mortality (grade V) rate was 3%. The morbidity rates of grades III and IV were 23% and 22%, respectively. Eight factors were associated with grade IV/V morbidity on univariable analysis: peritoneal cancer index ≥21 (P = .034), ASA score ≥3 (P = .003), operation duration ≥10 h (P < .001), left upper quadrant peritonectomy procedure (P = .037), colonic resection (P = .012), ostomy (P = .005), ileostomy (P = .012), and transfusion ≥6 units (p = 0.011). Multivariable analysis showed 2 significant risk factors for grade IV/V morbidity: ASA ≥ 3 (P = .006) and an operation length ≥10 h (P < .001).

Conclusions

CRS and PIC has an acceptable rate of perioperative mortality and morbidity in selected patients with PMP. Patients with bulky disease who undergo a long operation are at a particularly high risk of a severe adverse event.     

Pleural extension of mucinous tumor in patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei syndrome

Background Pseudomyxoma peritonei syndrome is a rare disease arising from perforation of an adenoma of the appendix. The syndrome is characterized by progressive accumulation of mucinous fluid and tumor within the abdomen and pelvis. Although this tumor is only superficially invasive and does not metastasize, it is a fatal disease. Extra-abdominal spread of pseudomyxoma peritonei is a rare occurrence, with few reports in the medical literature. This review focuses on pleural extension of mucinous tumor in patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei syndrome. Methods From December 1983 to April 1999, all patients who underwent cytoreductive surgery for pseudomyxoma peritonei syndrome were assessed for pleural involvement at the time of the presentation or follow-up. Clinical information on these patients, including chest computed tomographic scan, was retrospectively reviewed. The mechanisms of extension of mucinous tumor from peritoneal cavity to pleural surface and the results of treatment were of special interest. Results Twenty-three of 426 patients (5.4%) showed pleural extension of pseudomyxoma peritonei syndrome. In four patients (17%), extension into the chest occurred before cytoreductive surgery. In 18 patients, the pleural space was entered during a subdiaphragmatic peritonectomy; and, in 12 patients, extension of disease from peritoneal to pleural space occurred. In six patients (26%), surgical interventions were required to excise tumor that had invaded the hemidiaphragm; and, in the six other patients (26%), there was a minor penetration during subphrenic peritonectomy, which was closed immediately. Finally, in seven patients (30%), the mechanism of spread was unknown. Twelve patients were treated for pleural thoracotomy. Eight patients had an attempt to completely eradicate pleural mucinous tumor, and five patients are currently disease free in the chest (22%); four of these five had intrapleural cytoreduction plus intrapleural chemotherapy. The median survival for all 23 patients is 55 months. Conclusion Pleural spread of pseudomyxoma peritonei syndrome may be a direct result of cytoreductive surgery and the subphrenic peritonectomy procedure. In some patients, dissecting mucinous tumor may infiltrate through the diaphragm and result in pleural extension. Pleural extension of pseudomyxoma peritonei syndrome carries a poor prognosis. Intrapleural chemotherapy combined with cytoreductive surgery may be of considerable value in treatment and prevention of disease dissemination; it should be considered when pleural extension of mucinous tumor is feared or confirmed at the time of cytoreductive surgery.     

Significance of laparoscopic cytoreductive surgery for appendiceal pseudomyxoma peritonei with limited disease and low tumor burden

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical value of laparoscopic cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in treating of appendiceal pseudomyxoma peritonei with limited disease and low tumor burden.MethodsThe clinical data of patients with appendiceal pseudomyxoma peritonei treated by surgery with CRS at the Aerospace Center Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into laparoscopic or open CRS groups according to the operation method. A propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis (1:1) was performed, the related clinical variables were compared between the two groups, and the effect on progression-free survival (PFS) was also analyzed.ResultsOne hundred and eight patients were included in this study. After PSM, 33 patients were selected from each group and the age and peritoneal cancer index were matched between the two groups. There were significant differences in operation time (P < 0.001), intraoperative bleeding (P < 0.001), intraoperative blood transfusion (P = 0.007), hospital stay (P < 0.001). The analysis of PFS showed that there was no significant difference between the two operation methods. After multivariate analysis, the pathologic subtype (P = 0.012) was identified as an independent prognostic factor for PFS.ConclusionThe curative effect of laparoscopic CRS is like that of open operation, which can significantly shorten the operation time and hospital stay and reduce intraoperative bleeding and blood transfusion event. The laparoscopic CRS is safe and feasible in strictly selected patients. The pathologic subtype is an independent factor affecting the prognosis for PFS.     

Re-do cytoreductive surgery for peritoneal surface malignancy: Is it worthwhile?

Background and objectivesCytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) offers selected patients with peritoneal surface malignancies (PSM) an improved survival. However, a substantial proportion of patients develop peritoneal recurrence. There is limited data on the efficacy of iterative CRS and HIPEC in such patients. This study evaluates the safety, efficacy and outcomes after re-do CRS and HIPEC for PSM at a tertiary institute.MethodsPatients undergoing re-do CRS and HIPEC for recurrent PSM were included. Cases were grouped into the first and iterative cases and compared to evaluate differences in morbidity, survival and factors influencing survival.ResultsOne hundred and forty patients developed peritoneal recurrence after CRS and HIPEC. Thirty-seven patients underwent re-do CRS and HIPEC. The most common indication for iterative surgery was pseudomyxoma peritonei in 27 patients (73.0%). Median survival was 97 months for patients undergoing iterative surgery compared to 40 months for those who did not. Median survival following first and iterative surgery was 97 and 89 months, respectively (p = 0.15). Median progression-free survival after first and iterative surgery was 23 and 19 months, respectively (p = 0.47). At iterative CRS and HIPEC, incomplete cytoreduction (HR 12.82, 95% CI 1.64–100.35), increasing PCI (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.04–1.22), in particular PCI >20 (HR 10.90, 95% CI 1.37–86.66) were factors associated with worse overall survival.ConclusionIn well selected patients, iterative CRS and HIPEC is safe, and can provide favorable survival with low morbidity. Completeness of cytoreduction and PCI are factors that influence overall survival.     

Extensive surgical cytoreduction and intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei

BACKGROUND: Pseudomyxoma peritonei remains a fatal disease. However, extensive surgical cytoreduction combined with intraoperative heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has recently emerged as a new treatment modality, which might improve survival. METHODS: Patients underwent treatment if the tumour appeared to be technically resectable on preoperative abdominal computed tomography and there were no distant metastases. After aggressive surgical cytoreduction, HIPEC with the administration of mitomycin C was performed for 90 min. Depending on histological grading, patients received adjuvant 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin therapy. RESULTS: Forty-six patients were treated. Optimal surgical cytoreduction was obtained in 40 patients. Postoperative surgical complications occurred in 18 patients. Four patients died as a direct result of the treatment. Bone marrow suppression due to mitomycin C toxicity occurred in 22 patients. There was no other major toxicity related to the HIPEC procedure. After a median follow-up of 12 months, 40 patients are alive, eight of whom have proven recurrence. The actuarial survival rate (Kaplan-Meier) at 3 years was 81 per cent. CONCLUSION: These results confirm that extensive surgery combined with HIPEC is feasible in patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei and that improved long-term survival might be achieved.     

腹膜假性黏液瘤减瘤术后腹腔热灌注化疗疗效与安全性的文献复习

目的评估腹腔热灌注化疗（HIPC）对于预防与治疗腹膜假性黏液瘤（PMP）减瘤术后复发的疗效和安全性。方法在PubMed等数据库中检索2010年以前发表的相关文献．根据评估方案综合研究结果。结果通过文献的纳入、排除标准和质量评估。最终有11篇文献入选。入选文献中的患者中位随访时间22。60个月;中位生存期25．6～156．0个月;1、2、3、5和10年的生存率分别为72％～100％、55％～96％、59％～96％、52％～96％和55％～96％。减瘤术后HIPC化疗药物不良反应发生率为2％～15％,围手术期死亡率为0～7％。结论PMP患者减瘤术后予以HIPC治疗安全、有效．     

腹膜假性黏液瘤的诊断与治疗

目的　提高腹膜假性黏液瘤的诊断与治疗水平。方法　 4例大量粘稠果冻样腹水疑为腹膜假性黏液瘤患者采用剖腹探查和病检 ,手术清除病灶联合腹腔内化疗。结果　 2例生存期已超过 5年 ,1例已存活 2年 ,1例死亡。结论　腹膜假性黏液瘤有特征性临床表现及病理学异常 ,积极治疗可延长患者存活期     

Preoperative Carcinoembryonic Antigen Level Predicts Prognosis in Patients with Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Treated with Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy

Background

Even though management of pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) was improved with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic chemotherapy (HIPEC), several aspects of PMP still need to be optimized, including patient selection for surgery and prognostic factors. We assessed the role of preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in PMP patients treated with CRS and HIPEC.

Methods

A total of 449 PMP patients with documented preoperative CEA levels referred to our center between 2005 and 2011 underwent CRS and HIPEC. The association between CEA levels and characteristics of patients with PMP was assessed with χ ² test, linear correlation, and logistic regression analyses. Survival analysis was performed with Cox proportional hazard model.

Results

Median age was 55 (range 19–84) years. There were 245 (54.5 %) females and 204 (45.5 %) males. Preoperative CEA levels were elevated in 328 (73 %, sensitivity) patients with PMP. Preoperative CEA levels were also related to peritoneal cancer index (P < 0.0001), cytoreductive surgery scores (P < 0.0001), progress free survival (P < 0.001) and overall survival (P < 0.001) in patients with PMP.

Conclusions

Our results indicated that preoperative CEA levels are useful in predicting the extent of disease and surgical success as well as progress-free and overall survival in patients with PMP treated with cytoreductive surgery and HIPEC.