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1.
Participatory research methods argue that young children should be enabled to contribute their perspectives on research seeking to understand their worldviews. Visual research methods, including the use of still and video cameras with young children have been viewed as particularly suited to this aim because cameras have been considered easy and fun to use for young children. However, how children learn to use cameras introduced into early childhood classrooms for research purposes is not well understood. In terms of visual research methodologies, this is a problem because participant use of cameras is associated with understanding the nature of visual data generated during the recording process itself. In this paper, we consider observational data of young children playing with video cameras introduced into their classrooms for research purposes. Drawing on the concepts of culturally mediated tool use and epistemic and ludic play, we theorise these observations to generate a new framework for understanding how children learn to use cameras through play-based activity. This framework suggests that research with children using still or video cameras may need to accommodate this learning within research designs and procedures in order to take full advantage of this medium. Pedagogical implications for using the framework to support young children's technological play are also considered.  相似文献   

2.
Abstract

Since early in the development of children’s television, research has informed policy and practice involving young children’s media use. To increase the likelihood that new media support children’s development, research in the coming decade must stay current with advancing technology. With the advent of various forms of interactive digital media, key research questions involve social and physical interactivity. How should adults appropriately support children’s use of different kinds of media to promote children’s creativity, learning, and development? How does co-viewing (social interaction) overlap with and differ from contingency built into the medium itself? When a device interacts, does that change the kind of support required of a co-viewing adult, or eliminate the need for such support? How does the introduction of new technology impact the lives of families? Issues related to video chat, touchscreen and motion capture technology, artificial intelligence, and electronic books and games are discussed.  相似文献   

3.
Objective: To describe patterns of ‘liking’ alcohol marketing social media pages, and determine related alcohol consumption patterns among young Australians. Methods: Participants were 1,001 Australians aged 15–29 years who completed a cross‐sectional online survey. Logistic regression and ordinal logistic regression were used. Results: A quarter (249/1001, 24.9%) liked at least one of the alcohol marketing social media pages, most commonly brands of spirits, cider and alcohol retailers. Underage participants were as likely as older participants to report liking these pages. Alcohol marketing social media use was significantly and independently associated with male gender, living outside a major city, ever using illegal drugs and early age of first alcohol consumption (all p<0.05). Alcohol marketing social media use (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.5–2.8, p=<0.001) was independently associated with higher categories on the AUDIT‐C, indicating riskier alcohol consumption. Conclusions: Liking or following alcohol marketing pages is common regardless of age, and associated with riskier alcohol consumption, among young Australians. Implications: There is a need to develop strategies to reduce the exposure to, and potential impact of, alcohol marketing social media pages on young Australians, and ensure these pages are neither accessible to nor targeting underage social media users.  相似文献   

4.
Abstract

In many urban societies, mobile media and cloud computing that offer always-on, always-available information and communication services are increasingly pervasive. These services shape the communication practices and media consumption habits of families, influencing how parents guide children’s media use, and how parents and children connect with one another. In this paper, I explain how the growing prevalence of mobile media and cloud computing has different implications at each stage of young people’s development. I then argue that the advent of pervasive, ubiquitous media has engendered the practice of “transcendent parenting” which goes beyond traditional, physical concepts of parenting, to incorporate virtual and online parenting and how these all intersect. In this emergent form of parenting, parents must transcend every media consumption environment that the child may enter, their children’s offline and online social interaction milieu and “timeless time” as experienced in the apparent ceaselessness of parenting duties.  相似文献   

5.
ABSTRACT

There is a paucity of research that examines the effectiveness of social media companies’ anti-bullying tools from the children’s perspective. This article relies on two datasets from Norway: A small-scale exploratory survey and focus groups with children at one school in Norway; and the EU Kids Online survey with a nationally representative sample of Norwegian Internet-using children, to examine whether children and young people aged 9–19 are aware of and whether they use social media companies’ mechanisms against cyberbullying (e.g., various types of reporting, blocking, and companies’ safety and help centers). We also examine the extent to which children find these tools to be helpful and the underlying reasons for such perceptions of the effectiveness of social media companies’ mechanisms. The study further inquires into children’s perceptions of company responsibility for providing assistance in bullying incidents. While the majority of children in both samples know how to use basic tools such as reporting, the levels of awareness of various companies’ advanced tools as well as the use of these, are relatively low. Children also have mixed perceptions as to whether companies are able to assist. Results are discussed from the framework of children’s rights, offering policy recommendations.  相似文献   

6.
Research on parental monitoring of children's media use suggests parents can reduce the negative effects of media exposure on children, although this research is rarely conducted with elementary school children and leaves open questions about whether parents or children are better reporters. Participants were 1,323 children, their parents, and teachers. Parents and children reported on four aspects of monitoring for TV and video games: co‐using, limit setting on amount, limit setting on content, and active mediation. Parents gave much higher estimates than did children. Monitoring was moderated by child age, child sex, parent marital status, parent education, and parent income. Although parent‐ and child‐reported monitoring correlated rather poorly, both types were almost equally good predictors of children's screen time, media violence exposure, and teacher reports of school performance. When there were differences, the child reports tended to be slightly better predictors, demonstrating the validity of child reports of parental monitoring.  相似文献   

7.
This study examines how different types of self-efficacy – media competency, perceived parenting abilities, and perceived control over parental mediation practices – influence the extent to which parents mediate their children’s use of smartphones. A survey conducted with parents of young smartphone users aged 10–17 in the United States (N = 304) reveals that parents who feel confident about their own smartphone skills view themselves as good parents and believe that they have control over their parental mediation practices and are more likely to engage in parental mediation of children’s smartphone use. The findings also indicate that when parents are less confident about their smartphone skills, those with higher parenting competencies are more likely to engage in discussion-based active mediation than those with lower parenting competencies.  相似文献   

8.
This ethnographic study conducted among young women aged 18–21 years in Chiang Mai, northern Thailand, explored the parental control mechanisms imposed by Thai middle-class families on the sexuality of their daughters. It addressed the ways in which young women tactically use the social media in order to negotiate the sexual controls they encountered in everyday life. Taking the teenage girls’ point of view, this paper argues that, as active agents, young women achieve a certain level of sexual autonomy and construct their own sexual selves in modern northern Thai society, despite their parents’ attempts to prevent this. The paper highlights the ways in which social media are used by Thai girls in order to achieve such a goal. Research findings should inform the development of future programmes on sexual health promotion, parental skills and sexual communication between Thai parents and their children.  相似文献   

9.
Concern about the influence of pornography on adolescents and emerging adults is growing due to widespread access to pornography. Past research shows that parent–child conversations about media content can alter the extent and effects of exposure to media content. This study, therefore, explored the predictors of negative active mediation of pornography—parent–child conversations that are critical of pornography—as well as the relationship between negative active mediation delivered during adolescence and emerging adults' pornography use, attitudes about pornography, and self-esteem of those whose sexual partner regularly views pornography. Results revealed that the inverse relationship between negative active mediation and emerging adults' pornography use was mediated by attitudes about pornography and that active mediation protected the self-esteem of those whose sexual partner regularly views pornography. These findings suggest that active mediation of pornography may be one way to reduce negative indirect effects of pornography exposure and prevent future pornography use.  相似文献   

10.
Children are growing up in a digital age with increasing exposure to television and touchscreen devices. We tested whether exposure to screen media is associated with children’s early language development. One hundred and thirty-one highly educated caregivers of UK children aged 6–36 months completed a media exposure questionnaire and vocabulary measure. 99% of children were read to daily, 82% watched television, and 49% used mobile touchscreen devices daily. Regression analyses revealed that time spent reading positively predicted vocabulary comprehension and production scores at 6–18 months, but time spent engaging with television or mobile touchscreen devices was not associated with vocabulary scores. Critically, correlations revealed that time spent reading or engaging with other non-screen activities was not offset by time spent engaging with television or mobile touchscreen devices. Thus, there was no evidence to suggest that screen media exposure adversely influenced vocabulary size in our sample of highly educated families with moderate media use.  相似文献   

11.
Objectives: Amid public health concern that rising pornography use may have a negative impact on young people's health and wellbeing, we report prevalence of pornography viewing and explore factors associated with viewing frequency and age at first viewing. Methods: Cross‐sectional online survey in a convenience sample of Victorians aged 15 to 29 years recruited via social media. Results: Ever viewing pornography was reported by 815 of 941 (87%) participants. The median age at first pornography viewing was 13 years for men and 16 years for women. More frequent pornography viewing was associated with male gender, younger age, higher education, non‐heterosexual identity, ever having anal intercourse and recent mental health problems. Younger age at first pornography viewing was associated with male gender, younger current age, higher education, non‐heterosexual identity, younger age at first sexual contact and recent mental health problems. Conclusions: Pornography use is common and associated with some health and behavioural outcomes. Longitudinal research is needed to determine the causal impact of pornography on these factors. Implications for public health: Viewing pornography is common and frequent among young people from a young age and this needs to be considered in sexuality education.  相似文献   

12.
Although recurrent otitis media, or middle ear disease, is common in young children, the importance of early intervention for otitis media prone youngsters is often overlooked. Recent research contributions from both medicine and education indicate that the fluctuating hearing loss often accompanying recurrent otitis media may have significant adverse effects on the young child's speech and language development and may be related to later learning disorders identified during the school years. The gravity of such findings strongly supports the need for all professionals working with young children to be aware of the important role they have in the screening process and in providing appropriate intervention strategies for these children. Implications addressed include the following: (a) involving an interdisciplinary team at all phases of intervention, (b) identifying comprehensive screening procedures, and (c) developing an appropriate intervention program. Comprehensive early intervention for young children with recurrent otitis media is considered to be of critical significance in the prevention of later language and/or learning disabilities.  相似文献   

13.
Health professionals increasingly use social media to communicate health information, but it is unknown how visual message presentation on these platforms affects message reception. This study used an experiment to analyse how young adults (n?=?839) perceive sexual health messages on Instagram. Participants were exposed to one of four conditions based on visual message presentation. Messages with embedded health content had the highest perceived message effectiveness ratings. Additionally, message sensation value, attitudes and systematic information processing were significant predictors of perceived message effectiveness. Implications for visual message design for electronic health are discussed.  相似文献   

14.
During adolescence, teenagers intensify their media use as a peer group activity. It is a commonly shared assumption that social contexts influence selection and perception of media content; however, the specific characteristics of adolescents' shared media use have yet to be systematically analyzed. Based on qualitative data, I show that shared media use reflects adolescents' growing autonomy and disassociation from family structures. Shared media use serves as a situational frame for enacting adult social roles. Peer groups define socially desirable media content and utilize plot elements to negotiate the appropriateness of specific behaviors. These distinct characteristics of shared media use show that selection and perception of media content can only be fully understood as part of everyday social practices.  相似文献   

15.
16.
A survey of parents of children 2 to 8 years old was conducted to investigate parasocial relationships (PSR) and experiences with parasocial breakup among young children. Results indicated that boys were significantly more likely to have a female favorite character at a younger age than at their current age, but girls were no more likely to have a male favorite character at a younger age than at their current age. As children aged and transitioned to new favorite media characters, boys' favorite characters became more masculine and girls' favorite characters became more feminine. Child maturation, the influence of other media characters, and habituation to the character were the most commonly cited reasons for children experiencing parasocial breakup. Findings are discussed in terms of the similarities between face-to-face friendship dissolution and parasocial breakup among children and the importance of character gender to children's PSR, especially as children mature.  相似文献   

17.
Recent media reports have suggested video communication use by young children. However, the popularity of video communication by young children has yet been determined. Although some research has shown similarities between young children’s experience of a parent’s physical and virtual presence, little is known about the ecological applications of video communication and its benefits to young children. Using a brief quantitative questionnaire, this study shows that younger children started video communication at significantly earlier ages than the older children in the sample (n = 308). Qualitative responses from parents of 17 children suggested different perceptions of their children's video communication experience. These preliminary findings are considered in the context of the value of video communication in different situations, the developmental factors associated with screen media including memory transfer across modalities, and the development of skills that facilitate effective communication.  相似文献   

18.
Although children’s use of touchscreen devices has rapidly expanded, how young children conceive of these devices is relatively unknown. Here, we examined young children’s recognition, attribution of functions, and preference for using touchscreens as opposed to other devices. Forty-three preschoolers answered questions regarding six devices; for comparison, a group of 16 adults was also tested. Children recognized the devices as well as adults, but attributed fewer functions to touchscreen devices than did adults. However, compared to other media, children attributed more and different functions to touchscreens. Interestingly, children did not uniformly prefer touchscreen devices, but chose selectively for different tasks. The results show surprising differences from adult users as well as a developing understanding among young children regarding media tools.  相似文献   

19.
BackgroundTechnology and social media offer individuals with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (I/DD) unique and innovative ways to facilitate active participation in their own healthcare process. What remains unclear is the extent to which devices are currently used by this growing patient population.ObjectiveTo explore the prevalence of technology and social media use, as well as the possible barriers, among adult patients with I/DD.MethodsA cross-sectional study utilizing an anonymous, accessible survey was used to obtain data from all adult patients (18 + years of age) with I/DD presenting for primary care services at a healthcare facility in New York between September and December of 2016.ResultsA total of 370 individuals completed the survey (529 approached, 69.9% response rate). Less than half (44.6%) of respondents used devices such as a tablet, smartphone or desktop; most (86.8%) did not use social media. Only 21.6% of respondents indicated that they use some type of assistive technology. While some respondents (46.0%) were identified by their caregivers as having a disability that would prevent them from learning/using technology, other respondents reported having no challenges (18.0%), needing training and/or ongoing support (7.4%), or being uncertain as to whether they would experience any challenges (15.5%).ConclusionsMany adult patients with I/DD do not use technology and social media that could promote self-determination and participation in their healthcare. Continued efforts must be made to promote technology use among adults with I/DD and to ensure that appropriate training is available for both the individual and his/her caregivers to achieve adoption and utilization.  相似文献   

20.
This exploratory research project was aimed at developing baseline data on computer habits and behaviours among preschool children in Singapore. Three sets of data were collected from teachers, parents and children which are (1) why and how young children use computers; (2) what are the key physical, social and health habits and behaviours of children when using the computer and (3) what is the role of adults during children's computer use. The information gathered from the study can be used to inform teachers, parents and other stakeholders on preschool children's computer habits and behaviours and if necessary, to develop preventive programmes to protect preschool children against potential physical, health and social risks of computer use as well as address any potential negative habits or behaviours as early as possible and before they have an impact on their later schooling years.  相似文献   

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