谈谈医疗事故的当事人

明确医疗事故的当事人,是正确处理医疗事故的一个不容忽视的问题。下面,就此谈谈自己的粗浅认识。 1 民法关于当事人的概念要弄清什么是当事人,有必要先了解民事法律关系的概念。按照我国民法理论,民事法律关系是指民法调整的具有权力、义务内容的一种社会关系,     

浅析法医鉴定在医疗事故处理中的独特作用

医疗事故鉴定是医疗纠纷与事故处理的关键环节 ,鉴定的准确性、客观性和当事双方对鉴定结果的接受程度直接关系到医疗纠纷处理能否顺利。目前 ,根据《医疗事故处理办法》所建立的医疗事故鉴定体制 ,存在着明显的缺陷 ,这在医疗事故研究的文章中多有论及 ,在此不再赘述。在改革现行医疗事故技术鉴定的同时 ,也有必要对法医参加医疗事故鉴定的独特作用进行研究 ,以期建立以符合法制精神的医疗事故技术鉴定委员会为主并充分发挥法医在医疗事故鉴定中的独特作用的多层次的新型医疗事故鉴定体制。本文试就法医在医疗事故鉴定中的独特作用作简要论…     

创新医鉴工作机制，营造和谐医疗环境

近年来，医疗纠纷问题已经成了社会普遍关注的热点，媒体报道的焦点，卫生行政部门处理和人民法院审理工作的难点。同时，也是困扰和影响医护人员工作的难题，而医疗纠纷责任的最终判定，大部分都要进入医疗事故鉴定。自国务院2002年9月《医疗事故处理条例》实施以来，我市医学会医疗事故鉴定办[简称鉴定办]在局领导的高度重视和关怀下，做了大量的工作。截至2006年12月共受理106例委托鉴定的案例，鉴定71例，鉴定为医疗事故的28例，鉴定属于医疗事故的比率为40％。     

浅析医疗事故技术鉴定中的重新鉴定和再次鉴定

医疗事故技术鉴定结论是处理医疗事故纠纷的重要依据，根据国务院《医疗事故处理条例》的规定，对鉴定结论有异议，可要求重新鉴定和申请再次鉴定，但这两种情况存在较大的法律意义上的区别，同时在实践中也存在一些问题，需要有权机构进一步将鉴定制度完善。     

医疗事故的认定和处理的法律思考

为探讨医疗事故的认定和处理的立法问题，本介绍了目前《医疗事故处理办法》中互相矛盾的地方，并提出了医疗事故的外延应扩大，医疗事故鉴定委员会的隶属关系应变更；分层次多途径的补偿机制应建立；《医疗事故法》应制定，为医疗事故的处理提供立法依据。     

转型经济条件下医患法律关系的再思考

医患法律关系对于医疗纠纷、医疗事故及医疗赔偿等问题的司法实践都有着重大的指导意义。针对在我国转型经济条件下政府进一步深化医疗体制改革的同时 ,对医患法律关系的问题进行了重新思考 ,得出结论 :医患法律关系主要是一种平等的民事法律关系 ;医患关系是一种特殊的民事法律关系 ,即无名合同的关系 ;医患关系定位为消费关系仍然是不妥的     

论医疗事故鉴定的行政可诉性

通过对医疗事故鉴定主体、医疗事故鉴定权、鉴定对象、鉴定效果及鉴定行为的单方性等的分析，笔者认为医疗事故鉴定完全符合具体行政行为的基本特征，是一种具体行政行为。同时，根据我国行政诉讼法对行政诉讼受案范围的规定，医疗事故鉴定并不在行政诉讼排除的受案范围，对于医疗事故鉴定，可以提起行政诉讼。     

医疗事故辅助鉴定与管理系统的研制

根据医院和卫生行政管理部门医疗事故鉴定与处理的实际需要，以国务院发布的《医疗事故处理办法》和《医疗事故评定标准（试行草案）》为依据，应用电子计算机原理和语言设计了医疗事故辅助鉴定与管理系统。该系统分为法规制度管理、医疗事故处理程序、专家鉴定判别、统计报告、案例库和系统维修等６个模块，实现了标准化和规范化，具有系统性和科学性，实用、通用性强，安全保密，有友好的人机界面，易维护，可扩充。有效地提高了医疗事故辅助鉴定与处理的水平     

浅议医疗事故鉴定立法中存在的缺陷（一）

《医疗事故处理条例》(下称《条例》)和《医疗事故技术鉴定暂行办法》(下称《暂行办法》)的出台，确立了不同于《医疗事故处理办法》(下称《办法》)中确立的医疗事故鉴定的体制，并且试图解决《办法》中医疗事故鉴定存在的缺陷。但仔细研究发现，有些问题还是没有得到解决，同时还带来了原来《办法》中没有的新问题，需要加以完善。     

加强医疗事故鉴定工作的思考

医疗事故技术鉴定结论是解决医疗纠纷的重要前提，医疗事故鉴定是否客观、公正直接关系到医疗机构（医务人员）和患者双方的合法叔益能否得到有效的保护。自2002年《医疗事故处理条例》实施以来，医疗事故技术鉴定对解决医患纠纷发挥了积极的作用，如何建立一个科学、完善、认同性高的医疗事故技术鉴定制度是社会各界十分关注的焦点。本文分析了医疗鉴定的现状及存在问题，并提出进一步完善的对策。     

医疗侵权诉讼不适用于审判的简易程序

针对国内部分基层法院在审理医疗诉讼时采取简易程序的现实,列举简易程序审判适用的范围和使用简易程序存在的问题,阐述医疗诉讼的特殊性,分析使用简易程序对医疗机构带来的危害,并结合工作实践,从医疗诉讼和医疗机构举证的艰巨性和复杂性出发,认为医疗侵权诉讼的审理不适用简易程序,而适用于诉讼的普通程序.     

论国家主体医疗卫生事业中医患关系的法律属性

国家主体医疗卫生事业中医患关系的法律属性问题是卫生法制建设的一个基本课题。本文认为,国家主体医疗卫生事业,是实际负责向全民提供医疗保障的部门。医患关系不具备民法调整的平等主体间的横向经济关系的三大特征,不是民事法律关系,而是行政法律关系。     

关于医患关系的法律制度思考

医患关系的民事法律关系说在理论上存在先天不足，建立在这一理论基础上的医患纠纷解决机制也存在着制度上的缺陷，和谐医患关系的构建必须对相关的法律制度进行改革。     

构建新型和谐医患关系的对策思考

近年来,医患关系已成为全社会的热点话题之一。医患关系紧张是多种深层次矛盾综合作用的结果。本文就如何化解医患矛盾、构建新型和谐医患关系提出了:必须确立政府基本医疗服务的政策取向、必须建立全民多层次的医疗保险体系、健全医疗服务法律制度体系、完善医疗服务和质量的内控机制、建立医疗服务机构和执业人员的责任保险机制、完善医疗纠纷中介服务调节机制等六个方面的对策思考。     

Having our cake and eating it too: seeking the best of both worlds in expertise research

Context Education researchers in a variety of disciplines have attempted to use their understanding of expert processes to inform learning across the continuum from school learning to lifelong learning. In medical education, this has led to models of expertise that aim to understand accurate and efficient clinical reasoning. More recently, researchers outside medicine have begun to develop models of ‘adaptive expertise’. As these additional constructions of expertise are introduced into health professions education, there is considerable potential to enhance research in medical expertise by providing opportunities for us to identify our implicit assumptions and reflect on the ways in which our theoretical lenses bias our perceptions of what it means to be an expert. Methods Firstly, we critically examine these two broad categories of research on expertise and their underlying assumptions and implications. Our exploration is organised around four main questions: (i) How is expertise defined? (ii) How does it develop? (iii) What is investigated? (iv) Based on what is known, what does an expert look like? Secondly, we discuss some implications and topics of future inquiry for research programmes informed by an inclusive understanding of expert practice and development. Conclusions In articulating two paradigms of expertise, our goal is to explore the research questions, methods and findings that underpin them and to make explicit the resulting emphases on specific aspects of expert performance. Our resulting collaborative understanding of expertise yields a richer, more complex and ultimately more accurate view of expert performance, with important implications for future research in medical education.     

Civil commitment due to mental illness and dangerousness: the union of law and psychiatry within a treatment-control system

This article discusses the use of 'dangerousness' as a legal criterion for civil commitment. The notion of dangerousness is defined within the perspective of the relationship between judicial and medical-psychiatric institutions. By reviewing empirical evidence concerning the possibility of a link between mental illness and dangerousness, we critically evaluate the main postulate supporting the inclusion of this notion in the civil laws. We then examine empirical studies of psychiatric expertise in dangerousness assessment and risk prediction. By using observational studies of civil commitment proceedings, we examine how the legal criterion of danger to self or others is actually operationalised into a series of heuristic criteria. These criteria are teleological statements: if being mentally ill and being dangerous are, in this context, interchangeable, so are the finalities of treating and controlling. We conclude that, at the psychiatry-justice interface exemplified by civil commitment, treatment and control have been equated conceptually and in practice, even if the written law clearly distinguishes the concepts. With respect to civil commitment, the institutions of mental health and justice are not, as usually depicted in sociological analysis, two different systems that meet and compete at this junction. Rather, they join together – becoming, in effect, one actor – within a treatment-control system which has as its function and aim to 'take care of' residual cases viewed as problematic for society.     

医疗侵权民事诉讼环境的变迁及应对措施

在司法实践中公平原则越来越多地被应用到医疗侵权民事诉讼案件。针对这一情况，分析医疗纠纷的司法环境，并提出按照规章办事，把握法律底线：实施风险评估，科学合理诊治：区别对待赔偿，保护员工权益：完善保障体系，构建和谐社会等应对措施。     

Results of a questionnaire survey of physicians on issues of medical-occupational expertise

Results of questionnaire survey of 275 physicians of major clinical specialties are provided in regard to 26 aspects of medical expertise. Information is provided which characterise physicians' knowledge of medical expertise provisions, the sources of this knowledge, the assessment of competence of this expert commission and of its director, ungrounded issue of sick lists, denial to identify factual disability, causes leading to this phenomenon and also ways of reducing the level of morbidity associated with temporary disability.     

Harmonizing the right to sexual expression and the right to protection from harm for persons with mental disability

Issues of sexuality have increasingly become matters of public debate, laws, civil rights, and a reason for enhanced protection of individuals from harm and abuse caused by inappropriate sexuality activities. Beginning with the relatively recent landmark decisions of the Supreme Court in the late 1960s, sexuality became a matter of constitutional law. These decisions declared that an individual had a civil right in regard to family matters, especially procreation, birth control, and abortion. At approximately the same time, the United States Supreme Court declared special constitutional rights to protection from harm for individuals with mental disabilities who are being cared for under the powers of the state governments. Additionally, the Supreme Court and many other courts in the United States addressed problems of a person's competency and capacity to consent to various important activities, among which was the issue of consent to sexual activity. Since the issue of consent to sexual activity often differentiates appropriate and perhaps even legally protected sex from inappropriate and perhaps criminal sexual activity, the issue of consent is paramount to understanding how the law categorizes sexual activities and deals with such behaviors. This article distills and integrates the seemingly disparate legal principles by suggesting a method to apply them consistently to persons with mental disabilities. The law has been providing clearer guidelines to such activities, but they are still very general. The law and judges heavily rely upon the standards which have been developed by the relevant professions and practices in this field, which points out the need for professionals to study such standards carefully and to adopt policies which are consistent with them.     

我国医院的法人地位与医疗机构分类管理

通过分析与比较中国与外国民法中关于法人及医疗机构的分类方法，讨论我国目前对医疗机构法人地位认定及分类的不当之处，继而提出应该在民法中明确医院的法人地位并且提出分类原则。