合并心脏血管畸形的阵发性室上性心动过速的导管射频消融体会

目的回颐6种特殊类型快速心律失常的导管射频消融(RFCA)效果。方法经导管标测和射频消融。结果3例合并左上腔静脉干永存的阵发性室上性心动过速(PSVT),均为左侧旁道,1次消融成功;2例二尖瓣狭窄患者为左侧旁道,行二尖瓣球囊成形术后,1次消融成功;1例合并Ebstein畸形的PSVT患者,为右侧旁道,导管消融3个月后复发,再次消融成功。结论合并心脏血管畸形的PSVT患者进行RFCA是安全、有效的。     

射频消融治疗快速型心律失常临床分析

目的 分析总结经导管射频消融（RFCA）治疗快速型心律失常特别是阵发性房室结内折返性心动过速（AVNRT）和房室折返性心动过速（AVRT）的疗效,以指导临床工作。方法 回顾性分析418例经导管射频消融治疗快速型心律失常患者的治疗效果,包括房室结内折反性心动过速（AVNRT）130例,左侧旁道230,右侧旁道45例,室性心动过速（IVT）10例,房性心动过速3例,采用常规方法进行电生理检查和射频消融。结果 总成功率97．9％,其中房室结双径路和左侧房室旁道介导的阵发性室上速射频消融成功率高达98％以上。射频消融术后复发率2．9％,其中AVNRT复发3例,AVRT复发8例。IVT复发1例,12例再次RFEA均获成功。3例发生完全性房室传导阻滞,2例植入心脏起搏器,1例损伤主动脉瓣,引起反流。2例出现深静脉血栓及肺栓塞,无死亡病例。结论 经导管射频消融是治疗快速型心律失常安全有效的方法,适合于各类人群,以AVNRT和AVRT效果最好。     

Ebstein畸形合并预激综合征的射频消融及靶点图特征

目的 :三尖瓣下移畸形合并预激综合征射频消融的临床效果。方法 :7例预激综合征患者行三尖瓣环处射频消融治疗。结果 :合并三尖瓣下移畸形的预激综合征射频消融与心脏结构正常的右侧旁道消融相比成功率无差异。消融方法选择、操作方法及过程亦无特殊。平均消融时程和X光曝光时间虽略有延长 ,分别为 :(1 2 1± 68)minVS (1 0 4± 39)min ;(2 6± 1 4 )minVS (2 2± 1 3)min ,但无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5)。随访 3～ 58个月 ,平均 (34± 1 1 )月 ,1例术后复发 ,经再次消融后成功。结论 :三尖瓣下移畸形 (Ebstein畸形 )合并预激综合征患者可行射频消融治疗。     

特殊类型快速心律失常的射频消融

目的 :回顾四种特殊类型快速心律失常的经导管消融效果。方法 :心导管室标测和消融。结果 :多旁道病人 2 1例 ,一次消融成功 15例 ,二次消融成功 4例 ,三次消融成功 2例 ;其中双侧均有旁道 10例 ,单纯左侧旁道 7例 ,单纯右侧旁道 4例 ;两条旁道 11例 ,三条旁道 6例 ,四条旁道 3例 ,五条旁道 1例。左上腔静脉干永存 12例 ,均为左侧旁道 ,消融成功率 10 0 %。Ebstein畸形 5例 ,均为右侧旁道 ,均一次消融成功 ,成功率 10 0 %。 6例儿童病人 ,1例右侧显性后侧壁旁道 ;2例左侧旁道 ,1例显性左前侧壁 ,1例希氏束旁旁路 ;2例房室结双径路 ,全部 1次消融成功。全部随访 1年无复发。结论 :经导管射频消融 (RFCA)能够根治旁路参与的特殊类型心动过速。     

射频消融治疗快速性心律失常复发原因分析

目的：探讨在射频消融时造成复发的因素.方法：在120例的射频消融中,均常规进行心内电生理检查,采用分级递增刺激和程序刺激,判断心律失常的类型.结果：B型预激23例、A型预激9例、AVNRT46例、AVRT33例、AT3例、室速及室早6例.其中复发6例,B型预激4例,隐逆旁道1例,频发室性早博1例,并发Ⅲ度传导阻滞1例.结论：射频消融治疗快速心律失常是安全有效的治疗方法,但有一定的复发率及并发症.     

射频消融治疗快速型心律失常951例临床分析

目的分析总结经导管射频消融治疗快速型心律失常的疗效,以进一步指导相关临床工作。方法回顾性分析951例(男532例,女419例)经导管射频消融治疗快速型心律失常患者的治疗结果,患者年龄6~78(42.5±14.6)岁,心动过速发作史1个月~42年,采用常规方法进行电生理检查和射频消融。结果房室折返性心动过速(AVRT)569例,计有旁道578条,其中左侧旁道患者462例(分布位置:左游离壁364例,左前壁41例,左后侧壁57例),右侧旁道79例,双旁道9例(右侧6例,左侧3例),房室结双径路合并房室旁道19例(右侧5例,左侧14例)。房室结折返性心动过速(AVNRT)341例,其中260例存在前向跳跃式传导,16例存在逆向跳跃式传导,65例无跳跃式传导。室性心动过速(VT)19例,房性心动过速(AT)22例。射频消融总成功率为97.9%,其中房室结双径路和左侧房室旁道介导的阵发性室上速射频消融成功率高达99.5%。射频消融术后复发率为1.7%。8例术中出现一过性房室传导阻滞,后有2例发生Ⅰ度房室传导阻滞,1例交替出现Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞,1例发生Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞后置入永久性心脏起搏器;术后12例发生假性动脉瘤,1例气胸和1例心包填塞。结论经导管射频消融是治疗快速型心律失常安全有效的方法,尤以AVRT和AVNRT的效果最佳。     

预激综合征合并房颤患者的临床和射频消融治疗

目的：通过临床和射频导管消融治疗预激综合征合并心房颤动患者的急诊处理和导管消融预激旁道的研究，评价临床抗心律失常药物治疗、同步直流电复律、射频导管消融治疗预激综合症合并心房颤动患者的有效性与安全性。方法：28例经过心电图、动态心电图确诊的预激综合征合并心房颤动患者，经过临床抗心律失常药物、同步直流电复律等急诊复律治疗，随后接受射频导管消融治疗，消融预激旁道，达到根治或减少心房颤动，减少心律失常和猝死的风险。结果：28例患者接受药物及同步直流电复律，药物复律成功患者18例，同步直流电复律成功患者10例，无猝死事件发生；所有患者接受射频导管消融治疗，一次消融成功者24例，二次消融成功者3例，1例消融失败患者，拒绝再次手术，临床随访。结论：应用同步直流电复律，胺碘酮、普罗帕酮药物复律是治疗预激综合征合并房颤治疗的临床急诊处理的有效方法，导管射频消融预激旁道可以使患者长期获益。     

射频消融治疗快速型心律失常1151例临床结果分析

目的 :分析总结经导管射频消融治疗快速型心律失常的疗效 ,以进一步指导相关临床工作 .方法 :回顾性分析115 1(男 6 14 ,女 5 37)例经导管射频消融治疗快速型心律失常患者的治疗结果 ,患者年龄 7～ 78(4 0 .1± 13.4 )岁 ,心动过速发作史 1mo～ 4 0 (12 .5± 4 .8)a,采用常规方法进行电生理检查和射频消融 .结果 :房室折返性心动过速 (AVRT) 6 91例 ,计有旁道 70 4条 ,其中左侧旁道患者 5 4 4例 (分布位置 :左游离壁 4 0 5例 ,左前壁 78例 ,左后侧壁 6 1例 ) ,右侧旁道 116例 ,双旁道 11例 ,房室结双径路合并房室旁道 2 0例 .房室结折返性心动过速 (AVNRT) 35 7例 ,其中 2 96例存在前向跳跃式传导 ,16例存在逆向跳跃式传导 ,4 5例无跳跃式传导 .室性心动过速 (VT) 5 0例 ,房性心动过速 (AT) 4 8例 ,心房扑动(AF) 5例 .射频消融总成功率为 94 .6 %,其中房室结双径路和左侧房室旁道介导的阵发性室上速射频消融成功率高达98.0 %以上 .射频消融术后复发率为 4 .7%.10例术中出现一过性房室传导阻滞 ,2例发生完全性房室传导阻滞后植入心脏起搏器 ;术后 6例出现动脉栓塞 ,3例出现深静脉血栓 ,2例因急性肺栓塞猝死 .结论 :经导管射频消融是治疗快速型心律失常安全有效的方法 ,适合于各类人群 ,以AVRT和AVNRT的效     

经导管射频消融治疗室上性心动过速48例

目的:总结射频消融(RFCA)治疗48例室上性心动过速(PSVT)的经验。方法:左房室旁道消融二尖瓣室侧,右旁道三尖瓣房侧;房室结双径路通过下位能量递增消融法,改良房室结慢径,房扑采用三尖瓣与下腔静脉之间的峡部行线性消融的方法;房速采用双大头电极顺序法。结果:房室折返性心动过速25例,右侧旁道10例,左侧旁道15例,其中预激综合征合并房颤1例。房室结折返性心动过速18例,房扑4例,房速1例,房扑消融成功3例,1例未成功用胺碘酮后一直维持窦性心律。结论:射频消融治疗室上性心动过速安全、有效、复发率低。     

经导管射频消融术治疗快速性心律失常

目的：观察我院自开展射频消融术以来对快速性心律失常的射频消融治疗临床疗效与安全性。方法：47例快速性心律失常患者在我院住院行射频消融根治术,对其成功率、并发症、及复发率进行总结分析？结果：47例快速性心律失常患者中,16例房室结折返性心动过速（AVNRT）,14例慢—快型,1例快—慢型,1例慢—慢型;29例房室折返性心动过速（AVRT）,13例左侧旁道,16例右侧旁道,2例室性心动过速（VT）。射频消融成功率95,7％,在术中及术后并发症2,13％,复发率2,13％。结论：经导管射频消融术治疗快速性心律失常患者成功率高,并发症少,复发率低,仍是目前根治快速性心律失常的首选方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.