腔镜下尿道成型术治疗后尿道断裂2例报告及文献复习

目的探讨腔镜下尿道会师术治疗男性尿道损伤的手术时机、方法和疗效.方法2006年3月至6月男性骨盆骨折创伤失血性休克并后尿道完全断裂2例,均经一期耻上膀胱造瘘,一周后自尿道外口、耻上膀胱造瘘孔行膀胱镜下后尿道断裂会师术.结果2例均获得成功.结论腔镜下尿道会师术治疗男性尿道损伤,只需膀胱造瘘单孔辅助,手术器械简便,手术方法简单,伤后一周手术,获得与一期手术同样效果.     

尿道球部损伤两种急诊处理方法的比较

目的　比较膀胱镜下尿道会师术和开放性手术治疗球部尿道损伤的效果。方法　 2 0 0 0年 1月～2 0 0 3年 12月共收治球部尿道损伤患者 2 2例 ,行膀胱镜下尿道会师术 10例 (腔内会师组 ) ,行开放性手术 (开放手术组 ) 12例 ,对两种术式的手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间及临床疗效等进行对比研究。结果　腔内会师组 10例中 ,置管成功 9例 ,1例因球部尿道完全断裂改行开放性手术。腔内会师组的手术时间、术中出血量及术后住院时间明显少于开放手术组 (P <0 .0 1) ,两组术后最大尿流率的差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　膀胱镜下尿道会师术与开放性手术相比 ,具有手术时间短、操作方便、创伤小、疗效相似的特点 ,尤其适合于球部尿道部分断裂的患者 ;对于腔内会师术失败或球部尿道完全断裂的患者仍可行开放性手术。     

改良腔镜下尿道会师术治疗闭合性尿道球部损伤

目的探讨改良腔镜下尿道会师术治疗闭合性球部尿道损伤的疗效。方法回顾分析25例球部尿道闭合性损伤患者,首先应用膀胱穿刺造瘘,顺行腔镜下尿道会师术,必要时配合逆行腔镜尿道会师术。结果 25例均获成,20例患者经膀胱穿刺造瘘顺行腔镜下,从尿道内口顺利导出斑马导丝,通过斑马导丝顺利导入尿管进膀胱,5例配合逆行腔镜,顺利完成尿道会师术。2~4周拔除尿管和造瘘管,定期尿道扩张。随访18个月,24例尿流率正常、无勃起功能障碍、尿失禁、膀胱结石、附睾炎、远期尿路感染等并发症发生,1例尿道狭窄患者,行尿道狭窄切除吻合术。结论改良腔镜下尿道会师术具有微创,疗效确切,并发症少,费用低等优点,治疗男性闭合性尿道损伤更有效、安全。     

腔镜下尿道成型术治疗后尿道断裂2例报告及文献复习

目的：探讨腔镜下尿道会师术治疗男性尿道损伤的手术时机、方法和疗效。方法：2006年3月至6月男性骨盆骨折创伤失血性休克并后尿道完全断裂2例，均经一期耻上膀胱造瘘，一周后自尿道外口、耻上膀胱造瘘孔行膀胱镜下后尿道断裂会师术。结论：2例均获得成功。结论：腔镜下尿道会师术治疗男性尿道损伤，只需膀胱造瘘单孔辅助。手术器械简便，手术方法简单，伤后一周手术，获得与一期手术同样效果。     

尿道球部损伤的两种急诊处理方法比较

目的比较尿道球部损伤腔内会师术和开放性手术的治疗效果。方法2000-2005年6月对尿道球部损伤患者中采用膀胱镜下尿道会师术10例,开放性手术12例,对两种急诊术式的手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间及临床疗效进行对比研究。结果腔内会师组9例置管成功,1例因尿道球部完全断裂改行开放性手术。开放手术组13例中11例手术成功。两组的手术时间、术中出血量及术后住院时间间差别均有显著性意义（P〈0.05）,两组尿流率间差别无显著性意义（P〉0.05）。结论膀胱镜下尿道会师术与开放性手术相比具有手术时间短、住院时间短、疗效相似的特点,尤其适合于尿道球部部分断裂者;而对于腔内会师术失败或尿道球部完全断裂者仍可采用开放性手术。     

输尿管镜早期腔内治疗尿道损伤23例疗效观察

目．的探讨输尿管镜对新鲜尿道损伤的早期腔内治疗效果。方法输尿管镜直视下由尿道损伤的远端向尿道损伤的近端插入导丝,引入导尿管进入膀胱,完成尿道会师。结果术后2—4周分别拔出导尿管并按时作尿道扩张,随访6个月-5年,23例患者中除3例尿道狭窄严重予等离子电切内切开后能自行排尿通畅,余20例患者均自行排尿通畅。膀胱镜直视下复查见尿道断端愈合良好,无狭窄或轻度狭窄,排尿基本正常。结论早期输尿管镜下尿道内会师治疗创伤性后尿道断裂具有一期处理、快速、微创、治疗成功率高、并发症少等优点,可作为早期治疗后尿道断裂伤的首选方法。     

膀胱镜引导下尿道会师术治疗球部尿道损伤23例临床分析

目的:探讨球部尿道外伤患者在膀胱镜引导下行腔内尿道会师的手术方法.方法:沿尿道背侧插入尿道镜后通过尿道断裂口,不注水或尽量低压注水,确认进入膀胱后,留置引导管后退镜,再将导尿管套入.结果:23例患者中21例成功,2例改开放手术.直接进镜8例,直视下低压注水进镜13例;并发积液4例,其中3例阴囊、会阴积液,1例阴囊、会阴...     

内镜下尿道会师术治疗尿道损伤23例

目的 探讨尿道镜下会师术治疗尿道损伤的疗效情况。方法 对8例骨盆骨折合并后尿道损伤及15例骑跨伤致前尿道损伤的患者,均采用耻骨上膀胱穿刺置尿道探子于后尿道,电视直视下前尿道置尿道镜与尿道探子会师,沿尿道镜半管外鞘置尿管,膀胱内留置造瘘管。结果 23例尿道损伤患者,均在尿道镜下会师成功,1例尿道狭窄时间较长伴性功能障碍,定期扩张尿道后好转。随访6个月～3年,23例均排尿通畅。结论 采用尿道镜下会师术治疗尿道损伤,创伤小、操作简单、并发症少、恢复快,值得在基层医院推广;对后尿道损伤应酌情试行内镜治疗。     

Ⅰ期腔道会师治疗尿道损伤42例

目的探讨急诊应用置管镜行腔内尿道会师对尿道损伤的治疗。方法对42例尿道损伤患者使用置管镜通过尿道断端插入膀胱,而后沿镜鞘插入并留置尿管,完成尿道会师。术后3～8周拔尿管,随访3～22个月。结果治愈21例,良好18例,失败3例。结论置管镜腔内尿道会师治疗尿道损伤具有创伤小、费用低、操作相对简单等优点,适于急诊尿道创伤患者的治疗。     

尿道会师牵引术的改进体会

１　传统的尿道会师术硬膜外麻醉后，患者取平卧位，常规消毒置单，下腹正中切口，进膀胱，取二个金属尿道探子，分别自尿道外口和内口向尿道断端插入，二个探子会师后，将尿道外口插入之探子引入膀胱，尖端套上普通尿管，固定后拉出尿道，然后与Ｆｌｏｅｙ尿管末端连接，引入膀胱，水囊注水２０～３０ｍｌ，放膀胱造瘘管，缝合膀胱，耻后放烟卷引流条。术后保留尿管４周。传统尿道会师术的缺点是：术中需要反复穿拉尿管，术后多发生不同程度的尿道狭窄，需要多次扩张尿管，甚至需要二次手术，给患者带来痛苦，延误治愈时间，所以，对此方法…     

改良尿道套入法治疗后尿道狭窄

目的评价改良尿道套入法治疗外伤性陈旧性后尿道狭窄或闭锁的疗效.方法回顾性分析1991～2002年采用改良尿道套入法治疗67例后尿道狭窄或闭锁病人的临床资料.结果59例术后排尿通畅,4例术后近期需行尿道扩张,4例失败.无严重并发症.结论改良尿道套入术是治疗后尿道狭窄或闭锁安全有效方法,而且操作简单、并发症少.     

A surface-modified biodegradable urethral scaffold seeded with urethral epithelial cells

Background  Efficient cell adhesion and proliferation is a central issue in cell-based tissue engineering, which offers great promise for repair of urethral defects or strictures. This study evaluated the adhesion and growth of rabbit uroepithelium on a surface-modified three-dimensional poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffold.

Methods  Urethral mucosa were harvested from male New Zealand rabbits and the urothelium were dissociated and then cultured. Immunocytochemistry on cultured uroepithelium for pancytokeratin and uroplakin II and TE-7 confirmed pure populations. After in vitro proliferation, cells were seeded onto a surface-modified urethral scaffold with non-knitted filaments. The morphology and viability of the cells were examined by immunohistochemical and fluorescence staining. Inverted and scanning microscopes were used to document cell growth and adhesion.

Results  Three to five days after primary culture, the uroepithelial cells gradually became confluent, assuming a cobblestone pattern. The filaments of the urethral scaffold had excellent biocompatibility and allowed growth of the uroepithelium, without affecting viability. The uroepithelial cells adhered to and grew well on the scaffold. After 3–7 days, the cells grew vigorously and meshes of the scaffold were full of uroepitheliums.

Conclusions  The surface-modified urethral scaffold with non-knitted filaments allows the growth of uroepithelium and can serve as a carrier for the tissue engineering of urethra.

     

种植尿道黏膜细胞的可降解尿道支架重建战伤后尿道的形态学研究

目的:比较种植尿道黏膜上皮细胞的网状生物可降解尿道支架与单纯螺旋形尿道支架重建战伤后尿道狭窄的组织相容性及形态学变化。方法:成年新西兰雄兔18只,取原代培养兔尿道上皮细胞,种植于网状生物可降解尿道支架上,进行形态学鉴定及染色,观察存活状态。将种植尿道黏膜细胞的支架与单纯尿道支架,植入战伤性尿道狭窄动物模型,观察两种尿道支架重建损伤后尿道的组织相容性及形态学改变。结果:培养的尿道黏膜上皮细胞在网丝孔隙中黏附、增殖状态良好。结论:种植尿道黏膜上皮细胞的网状生物可降解尿道内支架,具有良好的修复重建战创伤后尿道狭窄的功能,有望成为修复重建战伤性尿道狭窄的有效方法。     

Parameatal urethral cyst

Parameatal urethral cyst is a rare clinical entity, resulting in asymptomatic cosmetic concerns, distortion of urinary stream or difficulty in urination. Though they cause considerable parental concerns, natural history is to resolve spontaneously or rarely surgical excision is needed. We report a neonate with asymptomatic parameatal urethral cyst.     

双内镜尿道会师术微创治疗尿道断裂伤

目的:探讨双内镜尿道会师术双内镜进行治疗手术方法的临床价值和操作技巧。方法:对9例尿道断裂伤患者运用双内窥镜技术,进行尿道会师术治疗。结果:9例患者均顺利完成手术,手术时间30～108 min,平均72 min。术后4～5周拔除导尿管,患者均自主排尿,定期尿道扩张,随诊6～12个月,7例无尿道狭窄,2例失随访。结论:双内镜尿道会师术微创治疗尿道断裂伤是一种操作简单、微创、疗效确切的方法。     

Congenital urethral fistula

A 3-year-old male child was presented with the history of passage of urine coming from the undersurface of penis and its tip since birth. An opening was present on the ventral aspect of midshaft of penis through which a catheter could be passed. It was diagnosed as urethral fistula which was managed surgically.     

Male urethral cancer

A 55 years old man presented with long standing voiding obstructive symptoms like poor stream, frequency of micturition, straining at micturition and a sense of incomplete evaluation since 2002. He was clinically diagnosed a case of stricture urethra. Later he developed a swelling in the penoscrotal region with retention of urine in March 2005 and was treated by dilatation. But on removal of the catheter he developed retention again for several times and ultimately for gross periurethral sepsis, urinary diversion was required in May 2005. In October 2005, biopsy from the scrotal abscess wall established the diagnosis of urethral carcinoma. In November 2005 extensive penoscrotectomy was done followed by chemo-radiotherapy. But the prognosis was so bad that the patient died in November 2006. Urethral carcinoma is a rare disease diagnosed in the department of urology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, the prognosis of which is also poor even after extensive operations.