腹腔镜下肝脏海绵状血管瘤的治疗

目的总结腹腔镜下肝脏海绵状血管瘤的治疗经验,探讨其安全性及可行性。方法回顾性分析我院67例腹腔镜下治疗肝脏海绵状血管瘤的临床资料,其中58例行腹腔镜下肝脏海绵状血管瘤的射频消融治疗,9例行腹腔镜下肝血管瘤的切除治疗。结果本组病例均在腹腔镜下完成手术治疗,平均手术时间约100 min,平均出血量约300 ml,术后第2天均能下地活动,并进流质饮食,术后平均住院时间5 d,1例术后出现右肝管狭窄,术后无胆漏出血,随访远期效果良好。结论腹腔镜下肝海绵状血管瘤的治疗是安全可行的,疗效确切,治疗病例应严格选择。     

腹腔镜肝切除术的手术入路探讨

目的 介绍完全腹腔镜下肝切除手术的入路,以期进一步提高腹腔镜肝切除的水平。方法 在不阻断全肝血流的情况下,应用多种器械于完全腹腔镜下进行肝切除27例,其中原发性肝癌14例、肝囊肿伴感染1例、肝门部胆管癌1例、肝脏血管瘤6例、肝脏局灶结节性增生1例、炎性肉芽肿1例、肝脏腺瘤1例、肝脓肿2例。结果27例手术均在完全腹腔镜下顺利完成,平均手术时间184 min,平均出血量441 ml。术后平均住院5d,腹腔引流管放置时间2～4d。未发生胆漏、出血、感染等并发症。结论 选择合适的腹腔镜下手术入路对于手术的成功具有重要作用。利用现有的手术器械条件及在不阻断全肝血流的情况下,腹腔镜肝切除是安全可行的。该方法是病灶局限于左半肝及部分右肝病例的首选术式之一。     

腹腔镜肝切除治疗肝脏良性肿瘤

目的探讨腹腔镜肝切除对肝脏良性肿瘤的治疗价值。方法不阻断肝脏血流的情况下,应用多功能手术解剖器(PMOD)进行完全腹腔镜下肝切除14例,其中肝海绵状血管瘤11例,肝脏局灶性结节性增生1例,肝脏肉芽肿性炎症1例,肝囊肿纤维化1例。结果14例腹腔镜肝切除术均获成功。无中转开腹,无术后死亡,无术后并发症发生。平均手术时间153．6min,术后平均住院时间6．4d。随访35．6个月(3～44个月)无一例复发。结论对于有症状或诊断不明的肝脏肿块,同时伴胆囊结石(需手术切除)的肝脏血管瘤患者,采用PMOD进行腹腔镜肝切除是一种安全有效的治疗手段。     

结直肠癌伴肝转移的微创手术方法探讨

目的 探讨同期治疗同时性结直肠癌肝转移的微创手术方法 .方法 对浙江大学邵逸夫医院2006年3月至2008年6月5例同时性结直肠癌伴肝转移的典型病例,采用5种不同形式的微创手术方法 治疗的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 5例均行腹腔镜结直肠肿块切除,对不同肝转移灶1例开腹切除,1例腹腔镜辅助下切除,1例完全腹腔镜下切除,1例腹腔镜下切除+射频消融,1例综合治疗.平均手术时间177 min,平均出血量126 ml,术后胃肠恢复时间为48～72 h,住院时间平均7 d.随访10～27个月,肝脏转移灶复发1例,死亡1例.结论 微创手术方式同期治疗同时性结直肠癌肝转移是一种可供选择的理想术式.     

射频消融辅助肝切除术的临床应用探索

目的分析射频消融辅助肝切除术的安全性和临床疗效。方法回顾性分析我院2010年3月～2012年11月26例肝胆疾病应用射频消融辅助肝切除术的临床疗效。结果成功完成26例肝切除术,其中肝细胞癌16例、胆管细胞癌5例、肝海绵状血管瘤2例、胆囊癌3例。全部完整切除。26例患者中右半肝切除5例,左半肝切除6例,左外叶+方叶+尾状叶切除2例,中肝叶切除2例,余11例为不规则肝叶段切除。平均切除时间为(54±20)min,出血量为(174±100)ml。所有患者术中生命体征平稳,术后发生胆汁漏3例、胸腔积液3例,均经积极非手术治疗痊愈。全组患者无术后腹腔内出血、肝功能衰竭、伤口感染和围手术期死亡。术后平均住院时间为(20±8)d。结论射频辅助肝切除术具有安全、高效特点,值得临床推广应用。     

射频消融辅助手术切除腹腔巨大肿物的临床研究

目的探讨射频消融辅助手术切除复杂腹腔巨大肿物的优缺点、可行性及其治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2011年3月~2016年3月我院收治的42例复杂腹腔巨大肿物患者,男25例,女17例;年龄21~74岁,平均(57±10)岁;分为射频消融辅助组(n=20)和非射频消融辅助组(n=22),两组均为开腹手术且完整切除肿物。比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、住院总费用、手术费用及术后并发症等指标。结果 42例患者手术均顺利完成。射频消融辅助组平均手术时间为(89±17.9)min,非射频消融辅助组(111±27.2)min;射频消融辅助组术中平均出血量为(528±129.4)m L,非射频消融辅助组为(815±166.1)m L;射频消融辅助组平均手术费用为(18750±600)元,非射频消融辅助组为(12450±710)元;差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。射频消融辅助组平均住院天数(15±3.4)d,非射频消融辅助组平均住院天数(17±3.2)d;射频消融辅助组平均住院总费用为(35630±709)元,非射频消融辅助组为(34079±663)元;射频消融辅助组术后并发症发生率为20%,非射频消融辅助组术为23%;差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论射频消融辅助腹腔肿物切除术具有效率高、手术时间短、出血量较少等优点,是一种可供选择的、有效的、相对简单易行的术式,但也存在手术费用昂贵的缺点。     

腹腔镜辅助右半肝切除1例报道

目的:探讨腹腔镜辅助右半肝切除的可行性,并促进其临床推广应用。方法:通过1例右肝血管瘤的腹腔镜辅助右半肝切除,分析其手术入路和手术的优缺点。结果:该例腹腔镜辅助右半肝切除手术时间为6 h,术中出血量为400 ml,术后住院时间10 d,无术后并发症出现。结论:腹腔镜辅助右半肝切除是安全可行的,它可减少术中困难和缩短手术时间,值得推广使用。     

手术切除巨大原发性肝癌

目的:探讨巨大原发性肝癌切除的安全性和可行性。方法:对36例巨大肝癌(平均直径13.6cm),采用半入肝血流阻断或P ring le法肝门阻断控制入肝血流,进行肝肿瘤切除。对肿瘤巨大、肿瘤与邻近腹腔脏器紧密粘连或有侵犯以及累及下腔静脉的巨大肝癌采用先离断肝脏和切断出入肝脏血管后再分离肝脏周围韧带的逆行肝切除术。结果:36例肿瘤均得以顺利切除,半入肝血流阻断时间平均26m in,P ring le法肝门阻断平均时间21m in。术中出血量为450~2000m l,平均为950m l。术后无严重并发症发生,无1例围手术期死亡。结论:巨大肝癌切除难度大,合理选择肝血流阻断方法和熟练掌握切肝技术,巨大肝癌切除仍是安全可行的。     

射频消融切肝技术在胆囊癌根治术中的临床应用

目的探讨射频消融切肝技术在胆囊癌根治术中应用的安全性和临床疗效。方法对2010年1月～2012年1月收治的18例胆囊癌患者在根治术中应用射频消融切肝技术,并对手术安全性及临床疗效评价。结果 18例胆囊癌按TNM分期,Ⅱ期12例,Ⅲ期6例。应用射频消融切肝技术,行胆囊癌根治术14例:均行切除胆囊床的2cm肝脏部分Ⅳb段+Ⅴ段肝切除;扩大根治术4例:行Ⅳb段+右半肝切除1例,Ⅴ段+左半肝+肝外胆管切除1例,行Ⅴ段+左半肝+尾状叶+肝外胆管切除2例。平均切除时间为(65±30)min,出血量为(217±105)ml。所有患者术中生命体征平稳,术后发生胆汁漏4例、胸腔积液2例,均经积极非手术治疗痊愈。18例患者无术后腹腔内出血、肝功能衰竭、伤口感染和围手术期死亡。术后平均住院时间为(24±11)d。结论射频消融切肝技术在胆囊癌根治术中的应用具有安全、出血少、疗效好等优点,值得临床推广应用。     

射频凝血器辅助下肝切除术临床分析

目的探讨射频凝血器在肝脏切除手术中应用的可行性及优越性。方法回顾性分析2012年1月-2013年3月施肝切除手术的临床效果,所有患者分为射频凝血器组(58例),百克钳组(58例)。对两组患者临床资料对比分析,评价射频凝血器在肝切除术中的优越性。结果射频凝血器组的平均手术时间,出血量等明显少于百克钳组,术后并发症、平均住院时间差异无统计学意义。结论应用射频凝血器进行预处理后行肝切除手术无需阻断肝脏血流情况下可以达到明显减少术中出血及缩短手术时间的效果,使肝切除手术更加安全、快捷。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.