骨外固定器行胫骨迁移治疗血栓闭塞性脉管炎的护理

目的总结利用骨外固定器行胫骨迁移治疗血栓闭塞性脉管炎的护理经验.方法对35例血栓闭塞性脉管炎37条患肢应用骨外固定器迁移胫骨治疗.术前积极处理患肢、有效的心理护理,术后严密观察,做好骨外固定器迁移胫骨的护理.结果 32例间歇性跛行距离增加;27例夜间静息痛均得到缓解;7例足趾缺血坏死中除3例术后患肢缺血加重截肢外,余4例患肢供血改善,坏死区域结痂愈合;总有效率91.9%.结论全面、准确地评估患者,完善术前准备及术后正确迁移指导可提高骨外固定器行胫骨迁移治疗血栓闭塞性脉管炎的有效性.     

骨外固定器行胫骨迁移治疗血栓闭塞性脉管炎的护理

目的总结利用骨外固定器行胫骨迁移治疗血栓闭塞性脉管炎的护理经验.方法对35例血栓闭塞性脉管炎37条患肢应用骨外固定器迁移胫骨治疗.术前积极处理患肢、有效的心理护理,术后严密观察,做好骨外固定器迁移胫骨的护理.结果 32例间歇性跛行距离增加;27例夜间静息痛均得到缓解;7例足趾缺血坏死中除3例术后患肢缺血加重截肢外,余4例患肢供血改善,坏死区域结痂愈合;总有效率91.9%.结论全面、准确地评估患者,完善术前准备及术后正确迁移指导可提高骨外固定器行胫骨迁移治疗血栓闭塞性脉管炎的有效性.     

骨外固定器行胫骨迁移治疗血栓闭塞性脉管炎的护理

目的 总结利用骨外固定器行胫骨迁移治疗血栓闭塞性脉管是的护理经验。方法 35例血栓闭塞性脉管炎37条患肢应用骨外固定器迁移胫骨治疗。术前积极处理患肢、有效的心理护理，术后严密观察，做好骨外固定器迁移胫骨的护理。结果 2例间歇性跛行距离增加；27例夜间静息痛均得到缓解；7例足趾缺血坏死中除3例术后患肢缺血加重截肢外．余4例患肢供血改善。坏死区域结痂愈合；总有效率91．9％。结论 面、准确地评估患者，完善术前准备及术后正确迁移指导可提高骨外固定器行胫骨迁移治疗血栓闭塞性脉管炎的有效性。     

胫骨骨搬运治疗血栓闭塞性脉管炎的疗效分析

[目的]探讨胫骨横向骨搬运技术治疗下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎的有效性。[方法]对来本院治疗的52例血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者行胫骨横向骨搬运手术,术后50 d完成骨搬运,然后通过血管造影、肢体存活情况及随访观察评价疗效。[结果]52例中45例获得满意疗效,随访时间2~3年,肢体缺血坏死症状完全改善。7例术后仍有严重下肢缺血坏死,行下肢截肢术。总有效率为87%。[结论]胫骨横向骨搬运技术可以有效治疗下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎,手术操作简单,安全有效,值得临床应用推广。     

改良分期动静脉转流术治疗下肢动脉闭塞症

目前 ,下肢动脉闭塞症 (包括血栓闭塞性脉管炎、动脉硬化闭塞症及糖尿病肢体动脉硬化 )疗效仍不理想 ,我们采用改良分期动静脉转流术治疗 ,并对手术方法进行改进 ,治疗 10例 ,效果满意 ,报告如下。1　临床资料本组 10例 ,男 9例 ,女 1例 ;年龄 4 0～ 5 2岁 ,平均 4 2岁。其中血栓闭塞性脉管炎 5例、动脉硬化闭塞症 2例、糖尿病肢体动脉硬化闭塞症 3例。足背动脉搏动均减弱或消失。患侧下肢足趾均剧烈疼痛 ,足趾及足背溃破 ,其中已截趾者 4例。均做血管造影确定闭塞部位 ,其中股浅动脉闭塞 2例 ,股浅及月国动脉闭塞 5例 ,股浅及胫前、胫后动…     

旋股外侧动脉与股浅静脉吻合治疗血栓闭塞性脉管炎6例报告

本文报告6例旋股外侧动脉与股浅静脉吻合,分期静脉动脉化治疗血栓闭塞性脉管炎的结果。血栓闭塞性脉管炎是我国常见的多发病;目前尚缺乏理想的治疗方法。患者常因肢体严重缺血坏死而迫使截肢致残。1987年以来;我们在解剖学研究的基础上设计并应用     

自体大隐静脉倒置旁路转流术治疗下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎

目的:探讨自体大隐静脉倒置旁路转流术治疗下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎的疗效.方法:回顾性分析2007年1月-2012年5月采用自体大隐静脉倒置旁路转流术治疗下肢血栓闭塞性脉管炎21例患者临床资料,其中行股浅动脉-胫后动脉旁路转流术9例,股浅动脉-腓动脉旁路转流术5例,股浅动脉-腘动脉远端旁路转流术4例,腘动脉-胫后动脉旁路转流术3例.结果:1例拟行股浅动脉-胫后动脉旁路转流术患者术中证实远端流出道差而终止手术,20例完成手术,成功率为95.2％.患者术后肢体远端血供均改善、静息疼消失、间隙性跛行距离延长、溃疡愈合;平均踝肱指数(ABI)由术前0.46±0.12上升到术后1.05±0.07 (P＜0.001).18例获得随访5～59(30.6±7.5)个月,治疗效果稳定.结论:自体大隐静脉倒置旁路转流术是存在远端流出道的血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者有效的治疗方法.     

下肢静脉动脉化术

常见的严重肢体缺血性疾病由血栓闭塞性脉管炎和动脉硬化性闭塞症等疾病引起，由于药物治疗难以使闭塞的动脉复通，其闭塞远端动脉又无良好的流出道，传统的动脉转流术和动脉内膜剥脱术不能施行，使其治疗困难，截肢致残率高。对这类病人可行静脉动脉化治疗，解决肢体缺血...     

下肢慢性动脉缺血疾病的腔内血管外科治疗

下肢慢性动脉缺血性疾病主要为下肢动脉硬化闭塞症所致 ,其次为多发性大动脉炎及血栓闭塞性脉管炎。 1964年 ,Dotter首次成功经腔内血管成形术 (PTA)治疗下肢慢性动脉缺血症。随着影像技术 ,材料工程学之迅速发展 ,血管腔内外科技术 (即可称微创治疗 )在治疗下肢动脉缺血症方面     

静脉动脉化治疗下肢慢性缺血43例报告

我院外科1986年3月至1990年12月,在动物实验的基础上,采用原位大隐静脉动脉化治疗下肢慢性缺血43例.其中血栓闭塞性脉管炎32例(脉管炎组),动脉硬化性闭塞症11例(动脉硬化组),效果满意.     

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??Vessel regeneration by tibial bone immigration on the thromboangiitis obliterans: an analysis of 35 cases XU Xian-zhang, WANG Ai-lin, JING Dong-mei. Department of Peripheral Angiopathy, Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150001, China
Corresponding author ??XU Xian-zhang,??E-mail??xuxianzhang@live.com
Abstract Objective To evaluate the clinical efficiency of vessel regeneration by tibial bone immigration on the thromboangiitis obliterans. Methods The clinical data of patients with thromboangiitis oblitera.ns performed the treatment of vessel regeneration by tibial bone immigration from November 2000 to November 2006 at the Hospital of Heilongjiang Province were analyzed. After the arteriography, 35 patients with the good outflow in the deep femoral artery, who had the occlusion in the popliteal artery or in the inferior segment of the femoral artery, received the operation of vessel regeneration by moving the tibial bone. To stimulate the regeneration of new vessels and the capillary in the ischemic lower limbs, the slow immigration of the separated segment of the tibial bone was performed everyday. Results Thirty-two of 35 patients showed satisfactory curative effects in 2-6 years after operations. Three patients were performed the lower extremity amputation because of severe ischemia occurred in 3 months after operations. The total effective rate was 91%. Conclusion Vessel regeneration by tibial bone immigration is effective to the thromboangiitis obliterans. The method is worthy of popularization because of its simple procedure, reliable safety and low spends.     

胫骨横向骨搬移结合负压引流治疗糖尿病足溃疡的临床疗效分析

目的 :探讨胫骨横向骨搬移微血管网再生技术结合封闭负压引流治疗伴溃疡形成的糖尿病足的临床疗效。方法:对2015年11月至2016年12月采用胫骨横向骨搬移结合负压引流治疗的19例伴溃疡形成的糖尿病足的临床资料进行回顾性分析,男15例,女4例;年龄42~82岁,平均(64.57±7.14)岁;糖尿病平均病程(14.62±6.19)年;左足12例,右足7例;溃疡面积2 cm×3 cm~8 cm×6 cm;按照Texas分类法进行分类,所有病例为D期,其中2级3例,3级10例,4级6例。手术前后测量踝肱指数及密歇根神经体征评分(MNSI)评价患足周围血管和周围神经功能恢复情况,术后复查血管造影或血管彩超。结果:19例患者中17例术后获得随访,时间3~13个月,平均6.9个月。17例患足创面均得到愈合;术后3个月踝肱指数由术前的0.51±0.20升至0.93±0.18,差异有统计学意义(t=13.63,P=0.000);术后3个月的MNSI为5.76±1.44,优于术前的4.06±1.36,差异有统计学意义(t=7.31,P=0.000)。术后复查血管造影或血管彩超显示患足微血管网再生满意,患足功能达到正常运动和日常生活需要。结论:胫骨横向骨搬移微血管网再生技术可以重建患肢小腿以下微血管网,促进周围血管及周围神经恢复,结合封闭负压引流可促进创面愈合,具有手术简便、疗效确切,保肢成功率高的优点,是治疗糖尿病足溃疡的理想方法之一。     

Indication of femorotibial and femoroperoneal bypass for Buerger's disease

Infrapopliteal bypass with autogenous vein graft was performed in twenty-three patients of thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's Disease) during the past 8 years. The outflow vessel of the graft had the direct connection with the pedal arch in 3 cases. In 20 cases the graft was anastomosed to the solitary tibial or peroneal segment, in which the occlusive lesion existed between the outflow vessel and pedal arch, or otherwise, the pedal arch was not opacified in the arteriogram. The length of the solitary tibial or peroneal segment of the successful cases ranged from 11.5 cm to 29.0 cm. The cumulative patency rates of the 23 bypass grafts at 3 months, 1 year, 3 years and 5 years were 86.7%, 77.3%, 77.3%, 77.3% respectively. This result is comparable to those of other authors. When the solitary tibial or peroneal artery is found out and is longer than 12 cm in the arteriogram of Buerger's Disease, we are going to perform bypass surgery to the vessel. If the foot is already necrotic, the amputation should be carried out several days or several weeks after the successful reconstructive surgery.     

Plantar or dorsalis pedis artery bypass in Buerger's disease

The peripheral type of Buerger's disease is unresponsive to conservative therapy when accompanied by multisegmental occlusion at the level of the ankle. Between November 1983 and April 1993, we performed 15 bypasses below the ankle for this type of thromboangiitis obliterans in 13 patients (mean age 45.7 years), including four females. Ten patients had intractable toe ulcers with severe pain, and five had foot-threatening ischemia or disabling foot claudication. Eleven patients were heavy smokers, two were passive smokers, and six had a history of sympathectomy. All patients had occlusion of the three main crural arteries or both of the tibial arteries at the ankle. Of the 15 bypasses, 10 were to the medial or lateral plantar arteries, two were to the common plantar artery, and three were to the dorsalis pedis artery. There were three early and three late graft failures. The causes of early graft failure were thrombosis at the site of cross-clamping, anastomosis to a diseased segment, and arterial spasm. The three late failures (>3 months) were due to disease progression in patients who continued to smoke, whereas all grafts remained patent and functioned well in patients who stopped smoking. Because patients with thromboangiitis obliterans are relatively young and active, early healing of ulcers and restoration of normal limb function are important objectives in their treatment. Bypass to the foot arteries can provide an excellent outcome, although special techniques and postoperative cessation of smoking are essential for success.Presented at the Twentieth World Congress of the International Society For Cardiovascular Surgery, Amsterdam, September 1–6, 1991.     

吻合血管同种异体骨移植的解剖学研究

目的 为选用吻合血管同种异体骨移植的供区提供解剖学依据。方法 选用经动脉灌注红色乳胶的成人上、下肢标本各４０侧,着重对肱骨、桡骨、股骨和胫骨的滋养血管、进行观测;另选上述供骨区成人干燥骨各５０根,作滋养孔（或称管）观察。结果 肱骨上端有４～１２个滋养也,旋肱前、后动脉是其滋养血管主要来源;肱骨干滋养孔多位于肱骨中段前内侧面,滋养动脉多发自肱动脉;桡骨下端滋养血管主要由骨间前动脉及桡动脉供应;股骨干滋养１～３个,滋养动脉来自股深动脉的穿支;胫骨干滋养孔恒定位于胫骨中、上１／３段后面,滋养血管来自胫后动脉分支。结论 根据长骨大段骨缺损,选用在外形上与受区相匹配的供骨,上述血管长度、口径均适合显微外科的吻接要求。     

胫后动脉穿支骨(膜)皮瓣移植修复手部复合组织缺损

目的 探讨以穿支血管为蒂胫后动脉穿支骨(膜)皮瓣游离移植修复手部复合组织缺损的方法及疗效.方法 对9例外伤性手部骨、皮肤软组织缺损患者,术前行小腿部动脉数字减影血管造影,依据胫后动脉造影结果及解剖特点,选择以胫骨滋养动脉或胫后动脉发出的骨(膜)皮穿支血管为蒂,切取胫后动脉穿支胫骨骨(膜)皮瓣,游离移植修复手部骨和皮肤软组织缺损.骨瓣切取大小为1.5 c×0.6 cm×0.4cm～3.5cm×0.7cm×0.5 cm.皮瓣切取面积为4.0 cm×3.5 cm～7.0 cm×4.0 cm.结果 术后9例复合组织瓣完全存活,随访时间为3～18个月,骨缺损植骨处骨折线于术后3～4个月消失,骨折全部愈合.按照中华医学会手外科学会上肢部分功能评定试用标准中总主动活动度(TAM)系统评定法进行关节功能评价,优良率为88.9%,效果满意.结论 对于各种原因造成的手部复合组织缺损,采用胫后动脉穿支胫骨骨(膜)皮瓣游离移植修复,不牺牲主干血管,供区与受区血管管径相当,便于血管吻合,组织移植后对供区影响小,骨愈合时间短,是一种较理想的治疗方法.

Abstract：

Objective To study the methods and effects of repairing composite tissue defects of the hand by transfering posterior tibial artery perforator bone(periosteum) flap.Methods Nine cases of traumatic bone and soft tissue defects in the hand underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) of the lower leg preoperatively.According to angiography results and the anatomical characteristics, the tibial nutrient artery or osteoseptocutaneous perforator vessel of the posterior tibial artery was selected as vascular pedicle to harvest tibial artery perforator bone (periosteum) flap.The osteocutaneous flap was transferrede to repair the bone and soft tissue defect in the hand.The volume of the harvested bone ranged from 1.5 cm× 0.6 cm× 0.4 cm to 3.5 cm×0.7 cm×0.5 cm.The area of the skin flap ranged from 4.0cm×3.5cm to 7.0cm×4.0cm.Results All the composite tissue flaps survived completely.Postoperative follow-up for 3 to 18 months revealed that the fracture line disappeared in 3 to 4 months and all fractures healed.According to the TAM system of joint function assessment/provisional upper limb function evaluation standard isled by the Chinese Hand Surgery Society,88.9% of the cases achieved satisfactory results.Conclusion Transfer of posterior tibial artery perforator bone (periosteum) flap is an ideal procedure to repair composite tissue defects of the hand.No major vessel of the donor site is sacrificed.The good size match between the vessels of the donor site and recipient site makes vascular anastomosis easy.Donor site morbidity is minor.Bone healing time is short.     

膝关节周围动脉为蒂骨膜(骨)瓣的应用解剖及临床意义

目的 为带蒂骨膜（骨）瓣移位治疗膝关节周围骨不连、骨缺损提供解剖学依据。方法 在30侧经动脉灌注的成人下肢标本上,观察并测量膝关节周围动脉网有关血管的起始、走行、口径、分布及其吻合情况。结果 膝关节周围存在着丰富的血供,其主要由Guo动脉、股动脉、胫前动脉、胫后动脉的终末支及相互间的交通支和吻合网恒定构成。结论 在膝关节周围动脉为蒂的骨膜（骨）瓣,是进行局部转位和吻合血管游离移植的重要供区之一。     

Indications and limitations of angiography before free-flap transplantation to the distal lower leg after trauma: prospective study in 36 patients

The necessity for routine angiography in evaluation of the vasculature of recipient legs prior to microsurgical free-tissue reconstruction still remains controversial. This prospective study was designed to determine the indications and limitations of angiography pertinent to this issue. The protocol consisted of palpation of dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial artery pulsation and lower-limb angiography prior to surgery, as well as intraoperative observation of the posterior tibial, anterior tibial, and peroneal arteries. Thirty-six patients were included who were treated from November, 1993 to December 1998. In five patients either the posterior tibial pulse (1), the dorsalis pedis pulse (3), or both pedal pulses, including the popliteal pulse (1) were not palpable preoperatively. These clinical findings correlated with the vascular lesion images on angiography. In two patients, pedal pulse palpation could not clearly be evaluated because of the injury. Among the 29 patients with both pedal pulses palpable, three patients angiographically presented an injury of the peroneal artery, and one patient a pseudoaneurysm of the anterior tibial artery. In none of the cases with at least one palpable pedal pulse (33), did preoperative angiography add relevant information which led to a plan change in the free-flap transfer. However, in two cases, severe scarring and fibrosis required an intraoperative change of the recipient vessel in one case, and a change of the anastomosis level and use of a vein graft, in the other case, although the angiography had demonstrated normal vascularity in both. The authors conclude that preoperative angiography is indicated only when both pedal pulses are not palpable, and that normal preoperative angiography does not guarantee the presence of vessels suitable for anastomosis.     

带监测皮岛的胫前动脉穿支骨膜瓣治疗骨不连的临床应用

目的 探讨带监测皮岛的胫前动脉穿支骨膜瓣治疗骨不连的临床效果.方法 应用带监测皮岛的胫前动脉穿支骨膜瓣治疗骨不连25例,总结手术方法和操作要点,观察临床效果.结果 术中切取的骨膜瓣大小适宜,监测皮岛血运良好,术后伤口大部分一期愈合,2例皮岛边缘少许坏死,换药后愈合.25例术后随访10～24个月,平均15.1个月,原骨不连处骨痂生长良好,髓腔再通,骨折线在3～6个月消失,骨折愈合后关节功能恢复均较满意.结论 带监测皮岛的胫前动脉穿支骨膜瓣治疗骨不连,手术成功率高,是治疗骨不连的一种有效可行的方法.