1990～2019年中国及全球非风湿性钙化性主动脉瓣疾病负担研究

目的：探讨1990～2019年中国及全球非风湿性钙化性主动脉瓣疾病（NR-CAVD）负担及其危险因素的变化。方法：基于2019年全球疾病负担研究（GBD）数据库获取中国及全球NR-CAVD数据,通过发病率、患病率、死亡率、伤残调整寿命年（DALY）等指标对1990～2019年中国及全球NR-CAVD疾病负担变化趋势进行描述,并分析其危险因素的变化情况。结果：2019年,中国NR-CAVD的患病人数、新发病例人数和死亡人数分别为86.8[95%不确定区间（UI）:68.8～106.5]万例、5.5(95%UI:4.4～6.7)万例和2 799(95%UI:2 225～3 396)例,患病人数和新发病例人数最多的年龄段分别为65～69岁和55～59岁。2019年中国NR-CAVD的年龄标化患病率和发病率分别为42.7(95%UI:34.0～52.1)/10万和2.6(95%UI:2.1～3.2)/10万,且男性的年龄标化患病率、发病率均高于女性。1990～2019年,中国和全球NR-CAVD的年龄标化患病率及发病率均呈持续上升趋势,年龄标化死亡率相对稳定,而DALY率呈下降趋势,且中国NR...     

1990～2019年中国人群2型糖尿病疾病负担及其危险因素分析

目的 研究1990～2019年中国人群2型糖尿病(T2DM)疾病负担及其危险因素的变化趋势。方法 基于2019年全球疾病负担研究,采用患病人数、新发病例数、死亡人数和患病率、发病率、死亡率及年龄标化率等分析1990～2019年我国T2DM疾病负担及其危险因素的变化趋势。结果 2019年我国T2DM患病人数、新发病例数、死亡人数为9001.8、373.9、16.8万例,较1990年增长159.7%、96.5%和162.8%;年龄标化患病率、发病率和死亡率为4496.4/10万、201.1/10万和9.2/10万,较1990年增长22.5%、15.4%和6.3%。另外,2019年数据显示男性年龄标化患病率、发病率和死亡率均高于女性(年龄标化患病率：男性4902.4/10万,女性4089.4/10万;年龄标化发病率：男性212.7/10万,女性189.2/10万;年龄标化死亡率：男性10.5/10万,女性8.5/10万)。1990～2019年,与T2DM死亡相关危险因素中排名前5位的由高血糖(8.63/10万)、室内空气污染(1.52/10万)、高体质指数(BMI)为(1.25/10万)、二...     

1990年与2019年中国归因于室外PM_(2.5)暴露的心血管疾病负担分析

目的:分析比较1990年与2019年中国归因于室外PM_2.5暴露的心血管疾病(CVD)负担。方法:利用2019年全球疾病负担研究(GBD 2019)中国部分的结果,选择死亡例数、死亡率、伤残调整寿命年(DALY)以及DALY率作为分析指标,并采用世界标准人口的年龄结构对死亡率和DALY率进行标化,分析2019年中国由于室外PM_2.5暴露导致的CVD疾病负担,并比较了1990年与2019年不同性别、年龄组和各省级行政区人群的归因疾病负担。结果:2019年,中国CVD死亡中20.02%是由室外PM_2.5暴露导致的,归因死亡人数和DALY分别为91.57万例和2 094.71万人年,男性的归因DALY是女性的1.7倍;2019年因室外PM_2.5暴露导致的CVD标化死亡率较1990年增长62.86%,标化DALY率增长了56.54%,其中男性的增长率(66.59%、61.03%)均高于女性(56.51%、49.17%)。2019年75岁及以上人群因室外PM_2.5暴露导致的CVD死亡人数最多,达42.68万例,而60～74岁年龄组人群导致的DALY最高(824.88万人年);归因死亡率和DALY率均随着年龄增长呈上升趋势;与1990年相比,2019年各年龄组的死亡人数、DALY、死亡率和DALY率均有所增长,且各年龄组男性的死亡率和DALY率均明显高于女性。2019年不同省级行政区归因于室外PM_2.5暴露的CVD疾病负担存在差异,标化死亡率和标化DALY率均最高和最低的分别是河北(86.13/10万、1 859.91/10万)和中国香港(11.28/10万、279.03/10万)。结论:与1990年相比,2019年室外PM_2.5暴露给中国带来的CVD疾病负担更沉重,且存在性别、年龄组和地域差异。     

1990—2019年浙江省2型糖尿病疾病负担和危险因素变化趋势的研究

目的分析1990—2019年浙江省2型糖尿病(T2DM)疾病负担和危险因素的变化趋势。方法利用2019年全球疾病负担(GBD 2019)数据, 采用早死损失寿命年(YLL)率、伤残损失健康寿命年(YLD)率和伤残调整寿命年(DALY)率等指标评估疾病负担, 采用对数转换的线性回归模型描述和分析1990—2019年浙江省T2DM疾病负担和主要危险因素变化趋势, 同时与全国、世界不同社会人口学指数地区进行比较。结果 1990—2019年, 浙江省T2DM所致YLL率、YLD率和DALY率总体呈现上升趋势, 变化率分别为0.50%、2.53%和1.92%。2019年浙江省T2DM所致YLL率、YLD率和DALY率分别为152.90/10万、399.35/10万和552.25/10万, 其中70岁及以上人群组最高, 15～49岁组最低。2019年男性YLD率(403.30/10万)和DALY率(555.57/10万)高于女性(395.16/10万、548.74/万), 男性YLL率(152.26/10万)略低于女性(153.58/10万)。1990—2019年浙江省标化YLL率、YLD率和DA...     

全球背景下中国与津巴布韦血吸虫病疾病负担比较

目的 分析1990—2019年全球、中国和津巴布韦血吸虫病疾病负担变化趋势，为我国制定津巴布韦血吸虫病防控策略提供参考。方法 基于2019年全球疾病负担研究（Global Burden of Disease Study 2019,GBD 2019）数据库，比较1990、2019年全球、中国和津巴布韦年龄标化血吸虫病患病率、死亡率和伤残调整寿命年（DALY）率，采用Joinpoint回归分析对1990—2019年上述指标变化趋势进行分析。采用Pearson相关分析评价1990—2019年全球、中国和津巴布韦血吸虫病疾病负担与社会人口指数（SDI）间的相关性。结果 2019年，全球年龄标化血吸虫病患病率、死亡率、DALY率分别为1 804.95/10万、0.14/10万和20.92/10万，中国分别为707.09/10万、0.02/10万和5.06/10万，津巴布韦分别为2 218.90/10万、2.39/10万和90.09/10万。随年龄增长，2019年全球血吸虫病患病率、死亡率和DALY率均呈先上升后下降趋势；中国和津巴布韦血吸虫病患病率和DALY率呈先急剧上升、后波动下降趋势，死亡率...     

1990-2017年中国艾滋病疾病负担分析

目的分析1990-2017年中国艾滋病疾病负担变化。方法利用全球疾病负担研究资料分析1990-2017年中国艾滋病疾病负担变化趋势;描述1990年和2017年死亡、伤残调整寿命年(DALY)、伤残损失健康寿命年(YLD)和过早死亡损失寿命年(YLL)的年龄、性别分布。结果 1990-2017年中国艾滋病年龄别标化死亡率(0.29/10万～1.95/10万)和年龄别标化DALY率(16.10/10万～91.31/10万)呈上升趋势。男性死亡、DALY、YLD、YLL指标均高于女性。2017年中国艾滋病死亡数、DALY值以15～49岁组最高。1990-2017年50岁及以上组艾滋病死亡数、DALY值平均增速要高于50岁以下组。结论中国艾滋病负担呈升高趋势,青壮年人群受到威胁最为严重,及早发现并接受治疗是降低艾滋病死亡的重点。     

1990～2019年全球和中国归因于家庭空气污染的心血管疾病负担及其变化趋势

目的：探讨1990～2019年全球和中国归因于家庭空气污染的心血管疾病负担及其变化趋势。方法：利用2019年全球疾病负担（GDB）研究数据,通过死亡率及伤残调整寿命年（DALY）绝对数及其年龄标化率、估计年度变化百分比（EAPC）来分析1990～2019年全球和中国归因于家庭空气污染的心血管疾病负担及其变化趋势。结果：1990～2019年,全球归因于家庭空气污染的心血管疾病年龄标化死亡率（ASDR）(EAPC=-3.65,95%CI:-3.86～-3.44)和年龄标化DALY率（EAPC=-3.60,95%CI:-3.78～-3.41）及中国相应的ASDR(EAPC=-5.78,95%CI:-6.17～-5.38)和年龄标化DALY率（EAPC=-5.97,95%CI:-6.32～-5.62）均呈下降趋势。男性归因于家庭空气污染的心血管疾病负担略高于女性,75～89岁时达到峰值。菲律宾相应的ASDR和年龄标化DALY率增幅最大[EAPC(95%CI)分别为0.87(0.21～1.54)和1.32(0.60～2.03)],沙特阿拉伯降幅最大[EAPC(95%CI)分别为-18.48(-1...     

1990年和2016年北京市心脑血管疾病负担及其变化

目的调查1990年和2016年北京市心脑血管疾病负担及其变化情况。方法利用2016年全球疾病负担研究数据,分析1990年和2016年北京市心脑血管疾病死亡情况和疾病负担。主要指标包括死亡人数、过早死亡损失寿命年(YLL)、伤残损失寿命年(YLD)和伤残调整寿命年(DALY),同时使用2000—2025年世界人口的平均人口作为标准人口,计算标化死亡率、DALY率、YLL率和YLD率。结果2016年,北京市居民心脑血管病标化死亡率为209.24/10万;心脑血管病DALY、YLL和YLD分别为87.56、73.36和14.20万人年,较1990年分别增加了58.05%、44.24%和213.47%;标化DALY率和标化YLL率分别为3552.24/10万和2988.01/10万,较1990年分别下降47.90%和52.43%,标化YLD率为564.23/10万,较1990年增加5.10%。2016年,脑血管疾病和缺血性心脏病的死亡数分别为1.76万例和2.37万例;DALY分别为39.63和39.36万人年,较1990年(DALY分别为33.02和16.27万人年)分别增加20.02%和141.92%。结论北京市心脑血管疾病负担重,其中以脑血管疾病和缺血性心脏病最为显著;脑血管疾病的伤残负担严重,缺血性心脏病的疾病负担成倍增长。     

中国急性乙型肝炎疾病负担趋势及预测分析

目的 了解1990—2019年中国急性乙型肝炎负担情况及发展趋势。方法 利用2019年全球疾病负担数据库，分析不同性别及年龄组急性乙型肝炎的发病率、死亡率及伤残调整寿命年（DALY）率，并对急性乙型肝炎发病率趋势进行预测。结果 2019年我国急性乙型肝炎的发病率、死亡率和DALY率分别为1 623.71/10万、0.20/10万和10.04/10万，与1990年相比分别降低了42.03%、79.38%和80.21%，并且女性急性乙型肝炎的发病率、死亡率和DALY率低于男性。2019年发病率和DALY率最高的年龄组均为20～<54岁年龄组，分别为2 285.85/10万和10.53/10万，死亡率最高的年龄组为≥55岁年龄组，为0.52/10万。Joinpoint回归模型结果显示，1990—2019年中国急性乙型肝炎发病率、死亡率和DALY率均呈降低趋势，平均年度变化百分比分别为-1.9%、-5.2和-5.5%，差异均有统计学意义（P值均<0.05）。灰色预测模型GM(1,1)预测结果显示，2020—2030年我国急性乙型肝炎的发病率呈下降趋势。结论 1990—2019年中国...     

1990～2019年中国归因于高盐饮食的缺血性心脏病疾病负担及其变化趋势分析

目的：分析1990～2019年中国归因于高盐饮食的缺血性心脏病疾病负担及其变化趋势。方法：基于2019年全球疾病负担研究数据，分析1990～2019年中国归因于高盐饮食的缺血性心脏病死亡人数、死亡率、伤残调整生命年（DALY）、DALY率及其年龄标准化率和年度估计变化百分比（EAPC）。结果：2019年，中国归因于高盐饮食的缺血性心脏病年龄标准化死亡率和年龄标准化DALY率分别为16.88/10万和352.24/10万，明显高于全球（9.78/10万、210.38/10万）及不同社会人口指数（SDI）地区（高SDI地区为4.09/10万、80.27/10万，中高SDI地区为12.53/10万、257.41/10万，中SDI地区为12.81/10万、269.77/10万，中低SDI地区为9.38/10万、216.00/10万，低SDI地区为7.32/10万、153.57/10万）。2019年，在中国16.38%的缺血性心脏病死亡由高盐饮食所致。与1990年相比，2019年中国归因于高盐饮食的缺血性心脏病死亡人数、DALY分别增加至30.71/10万与704.46/10万，死亡率与DALY...     

Tuberculosis burden in India and its control from 1990 to 2019: Evidence from global burden of disease study 2019

BackgroundTuberculosis is still a major public health problem in India. This study aims to assess trends in the burden of tuberculosis from 1990 to 2019 for tracking success of tuberculosis control programme in India.MethodsIn this study, the 2019 global burden of disease study data were used to measure the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years lost (DALY)rates of Tuberculosis during 1990–2019 for India and its states. Age and gender-specific rates were also analyzed for India. All rates were age-standardized and 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) were computed.ResultOverall incidence, prevalence, death and DALY of TB decreased in India from 1990 to 2019. Tuberculosis morbidity and mortality was higher in males as compared to females. Incidence of TB was low in children up to 14 years of age. Prevalence of TB was higher in females as compared to males till 29 years of age, whereas higher prevalence was reported in males as compared to females in adults aged 30 years and more. Death rate of TB was low in children and young adults up to 29 years of age.ConclusionThis study shows that overall incidence, prevalence, death and DALY of tuberculosis decreased from 1990 to 2019 in India. The burden of TB was higher among males as compared to females during study period. TB affects all the age groups but deaths were higher in older age groups.     

Global burden attributable to high sodium intake from 1990 to 2019

Background and aimsHigh sodium intake is associated with a higher risk of a wide range of diseases. We aimed to estimate the pattern and trend of the global disease burden associated with high sodium intake from 1990 to 2019.Methods and resultsWe obtained numbers and rates of death and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) attributable to high sodium intake by sex, socio-demographic index, and country from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We calculated the estimated annual percentage change to evaluate the age-standardized rate (ASR) of the burden attributable to high sodium intake between 1990 and 2019. We further calculated the contribution of population growth, population aging, and age-specific rates of death and DALY to the net change in the total number of deaths and DALYs attributable to high sodium intake. From 1990 to 2019, global age-standardized rates of death and DALY attributable to high sodium intake substantially decreased for both sexes. However, there were significant increases in the total numbers of deaths and DALYs attributable to high sodium intake, which were driven by population growth and population aging. The attribution of population growth and population aging varied widely across countries, with a higher contribution of population growth in most developing countries and a higher contribution of population aging in countries with slow population growth.ConclusionsAlthough the global burden attributable to high sodium intake in terms of age-standardized rate declined from 1990 to 2019, the absolute burden increased significantly, which was driven by population growth and population aging.     

Burden of tuberculosis in Serbia

The objective of this study is to estimate the burden of tuberculosis (TB) in Serbia in the period 1992-2002 based on incidence, mortality, and disability adjusted life years (DALY). The average age-adjusted TB incidence rate in the period 1992-2002 was 36.7/100,000 in males and 21.4/100,000 in females. During the period observed, TB incidence levelled of after a long period of decreasing trend during the preceding several decades. The incidence showed slightly increasing tendency in males and decreasing one in females. The average age-adjusted mortality rate was 4.1/100,000 in males and 1.3/100,000 in females. Mortality rates significantly decreased in both males (P = .0001) and females (P = .0001). The burden of TB (DALY) was 0.70/1000 for males and 0.26/1000 for females. DALY rates significantly decreased in both males (P = .009) and females (P = .008). TB incidence and mortality as well as DALY rates increased with aging.     

Burden of liver complications related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in China from 2005 to 2019: Observations from the Global Burden of Disease Study, 2019

Aim

To assess the burden of liver complications related to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (LC-NAFLD) from 2005 to 2019 in China.

Materials and Methods

We used data from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study, 2019, to present contemporary and varying profiles of China's LC-NAFLD burden. The Joinpoint Regression model and Gaussian process regression were, respectively, used to estimate the annual percentage change in prevalence rates and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) rates, and the relationship between the sociodemographic index (SDI) and age-standardized rates of LC-NAFLD.

Results

In 2019, China had 293.42 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 263.69-328.44) LC-NAFLD cases with a prevalence rate and DALYs of 20.63 (95% UI: 23.09-18.54) per 1000 people and 591.03 thousand (95% UI: 451.25-737.33), respectively. North China had the highest prevalence but the lowest DALYs of LC-NAFLD, whereas Southwest China had the lowest prevalence but the highest DALYs. LC-NAFLD were more common in men than in women (male: female ratio, 1.27) in 2019. From 2005 to 2019, the prevalence of NAFLD cases increased by 68.32% (from 174.32 million in 2005 to 293.42 million in 2019), mainly because of an age-specific prevalence rate increase.

Conclusion

The LC-NAFLD burden in China is substantial and has increased markedly over the past 15 years. Effective measures for low SDI regions and men are needed to address the rapidly increasing NAFLD burden.     

Burden of pancreatic cancer along with attributable risk factors in China from 1990 to 2019, and projections until 2030

ObjectivesUnderstanding epidemiology trends and patterns of pancreatic cancer in China from 1990 to 2019 and predicting the burden to 2030 will provide foundations for future policies development.MethodsWe collected incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) data of pancreatic cancer in China from 1990 to 2019 based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We calculated the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) to depict the trends of pancreatic cancer burden and predicted the incidence and mortality in the next decade by using a Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis.ResultsThe number of incident cases sharply increased from 26.77 thousand in 1990 to 114.96 thousand in 2019, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) nearly doubled from 3.17 per 100,000 in 1990 to 5.78 per 100,000 in 2019, with an EAPC of 2.32 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.12, 2.51). The mortality and DALYs presented a similar pattern with incidence. The dominant risk factor for pancreatic cancer was smoking, but the contribution of high body-mass index increased from 1990 to 2019. We projected that the incident cases and deaths of pancreatic cancer would increase to 218.79 thousand and 222.97 thousand, respectively, in 2030 with around 2 times growth.ConclusionsDuring the past three decades, the incidence, mortality and DALYs of pancreatic cancer gradually increased in China, and the absolute number and rate of pancreatic cancer burden would continue to rise over the next decade. Comprehensive policies and strategies need to be implemented to reduce the incidence and mortality.     

The Global Burden of Ischemic Stroke: Findings of the GBD 2010 Study

This study sought to summarize the findings of the GBD 2010 (Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors) study for ischemic stroke (IS) and to report the impact of tobacco smoking on IS burden in specific countries. The GBD 2010 searched multiple databases to identify relevant studies published between 1990 and 2010. The GBD 2010 analytical tools were used to calculate region-specific IS incidence, mortality, mortality-to-incidence ratio, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) lost, including 95% uncertainty intervals (UI). In 2010, there were approximately 11,569,000 incident IS events (63% in low- and middle-income countries [LMIC]), approximately 2,835,000 deaths from IS (57% in LMIC), and approximately 39,389,000 DALY lost due to IS (64% in LMIC). From 1990 to 2010, there was a significant increase in global IS burden in terms of absolute number of people with incident IS (37% increase), deaths from IS (21% increase), and DALY lost due to IS (18% increase). Age-standardized IS incidence, DALY lost, mortality, and mortality-to-incidence ratios in high-income countries declined by about 13% (95% UI: 6% to 18%), 34% (95% UI: 16% to 36%), and 37% (95% UI: 19% to 39%), 21% (95% UI: 10% to 27%), respectively. However, in LMIC there was a modest 6% increase in the age-standardized incidence of IS (95% UI: −7% to 18%) despite modest reductions in mortality rates, DALY lost, and mortality-to-incidence ratios. There was considerable variability among country-specific estimates within broad GBD regions. China, Russia, and India were ranked highest in both 1990 and 2010 for IS deaths attributable to tobacco consumption. Although age-standardized IS mortality rates have declined over the last 2 decades, the absolute global burden of IS is increasing, with the bulk of DALY lost in LMIC. Tobacco consumption is an important modifiable risk factor for IS, and in both 1990 and 2010, the top ranked countries for IS deaths that could be attributed to tobacco consumption were China, Russia, and India. Tobacco control policies that target both smoking initiation and smoking cessation can play an important role in the prevention of IS. In China, Russia, and India, even modest reductions in the number of current smokers could see millions of lives saved due to prevention of IS alone.     

The Global Burden of Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Summary of Findings From the GBD 2010 Study

This report summarizes the findings of the GBD 2010 (Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors) study for hemorrhagic stroke (HS). Multiple databases were searched for relevant studies published between 1990 and 2010. The GBD 2010 study provided standardized estimates of the incidence, mortality, mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIR), and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) lost for HS (including intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage) by age, sex, and income level (high-income countries [HIC]; low- and middle-income countries [LMIC]) for 21 GBD 2010 regions in 1990, 2005, and 2010. In 2010, there were 5.3 million cases of HS and over 3.0 million deaths due to HS. There was a 47% increase worldwide in the absolute number of HS cases. The largest proportion of HS incident cases (80%) and deaths (63%) occurred in LMIC countries. There were 62.8 million DALY lost (86% in LMIC) due to HS. The overall age-standardized incidence rate of HS per 100,000 person-years in 2010 was 48.41 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 45.44 to 52.13) in HIC and 99.43 (95% CI: 85.37 to 116.28) in LMIC, and 81.52 (95% CI: 72.27 to 92.82) globally. The age-standardized incidence of HS increased by 18.5% worldwide between 1990 and 2010. In HIC, there was a reduction in incidence of HS by 8% (95% CI: 1% to 15%), mortality by 38% (95% CI: 32% to 43%), DALY by 39% (95% CI: 32% to 44%), and MIR by 27% (95% CI: 19% to 35%) in the last 2 decades. In LMIC countries, there was a significant increase in the incidence of HS by 22% (95% CI: 5% to 30%), whereas there was a significant reduction in mortality rates of 23% (95% CI: -3% to 36%), DALY lost of 25% (95% CI: 7% to 38%), and MIR by 36% (95% CI: 16% to 49%). There were significant regional differences in incidence rates of HS, with the highest rates in LMIC regions such as sub-Saharan Africa and East Asia, and lowest rates in High Income North America and Western Europe. The worldwide burden of HS has increased over the last 2 decades in terms of absolute numbers of HS incident events. The majority of the burden of HS is borne by LMIC. Rates for HS incidence, mortality, and DALY lost, as well as MIR decreased in the past 2 decades in HIC, but increased significantly in LMIC countries, particularly in those patients ≤75 years. HS affected people at a younger age in LMIC than in HIC. The lowest incidence and mortality rates in 2010 were in High Income North America, Australasia, and Western Europe, whereas the highest rates were in Central Asia, Southeast Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. These results suggest that reducing the burden of HS is a priority particularly in LMIC. The GBD 2010 findings may be a useful resource for planning strategies to reduce the global burden of HS.     

北京安贞防治区脑卒中变化趋势

本文对１９９０－１９９４年安贞防治区脑卒中变化趋势进行了分析研究。结果显示：５万余人口中，２５－７４岁脑卒中事件共计３９０例。其中男性２５４例，女性１３６例。缺血性事件为７４．１％，出血性事件为２３．６％，未分类事件为２．３％。标化发病率男、女两性均呈逐渐下降趋势，男性由３３８／１０万下降至２３４／１０万，女性由１９７／１０万下降至１５２／１０万。男女均有统计学显著差异（ｐ＜０．００１）。死亡率在男性有明显下降趋势，由６９／１０万下降至３９／１０万，女性由５０／１０万下降至３８／１０万，但无统计学差异。急性期病死率（４周以内）男性平均为１８．９％，女性平均为２７．９％。     

2015—2019年全国肺结核报告发病情况分析

目的 了解2015—2019年我国肺结核报告发病情况的主要变化趋势。 方法 利用2015—2019年我国《传染病报告信息管理系统》报告的肺结核(临床诊断和实验室诊断)发病数据,分析全国肺结核报告发病率、不同省份肺结核报告发病率、不同年龄段和不同性别肺结核报告发病例数及各自占对应年龄段人口总数的比例、不同职业肺结核报告发病例数及其占发病职业人口总数的比例。结果 2015年全国肺结核报告发病率为63.42/10万(864015/136247万),2019年全国肺结核报告发病率为55.55/10万(775764/139654万)。2019年较2015年报告发病率下降了12.41%。2015—2018年新疆维吾尔自治区的报告发病率均位居各省之首,逐年分别为184.56/10万(42413/2298万)、185.66/10万(43816/2360万)、202.59/10万(48581/2398万)、304.90/10万(74549/2445万)。到2019年,西藏自治区成为报告发病率最高的地区,为182.38/10万(6274/344万)。2015、2019年全国肺结核报告发病患者性别分布上,男性分别占68.97%(595939/864015)和68.83%(533981/775764);女性分别占31.03%(268076/864015)和31.17%(241783/775764)。职业分布上,2015—2019年农民报告发病的比例均最高,分别占64.42%(556643/864015)、63.81%(533637/836236)、62.26%(520003/835193)、61.42%(505664/823342)、60.06%(465945/775764)。结论 2015—2019年,我国肺结核报告发病情况呈现稳定下降趋势,应重视农民、新疆和西藏地区的结核病防控工作。