成人斜视生存质量评估量表在中国人群的应用

目的制作一个评价中国成人斜视患者生存质量状况的评估量表,探讨其应用在中国成人斜视患者时的信度和效度。方法 前瞻性病例对照研究。将英文版的成人斜视生存质量量表（AS-20）翻译为中文,征集就诊的成人斜视患者102例和视功能正常的对照者102例。对这2组患者使用中文版的成人斜视生存质量评估量表进行问卷调查。分析量表的内在一致性、重测信度、内容效度、结构效度和判别效度,同时分析影响患者CAS-20得分的相关因素。计算克朗巴赫α系数和因子分析评估量表信度和效度,Spearman′s 序列相关性分析评估条目集合效度和分辨效度。结果 CAS-20分为社会心理维度（条目1-10）和视功能维度（条目11-20）。经102例成人斜视患者和102视功能正常的对照者检验,总量表、社会心理维度和视功能维度的克朗巴赫系数分别为0.846、0.819、0.883,分半信度为0.846、0.801、0.898,重测信度为0.811、0.862、0.723。因子分析提取出6个公因子,能归纳为社会心理维度和视功能维度2个维度,斜视患者的得分显著低于正常对照组得分,伴有复视的斜视患者得分比没有复视的患者得分更低。量表得分与患者年龄、性别、视力水平及眼位偏斜方向无明显相关性。结论 中文版AS-20具有良好的信度和效度,能敏感反映中国成人患者与斜视相关的生存质量的变化。     

NEI VFQ-25中文版在老年性黄斑变性患者中应用的性能评价

目的 对视功能相关生命质量量表（National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire,NEI VFQ-25）中文版在老年性黄斑变性（age-related macular degeneration, AMD）患者中的应用进行信度和效度评价。设计 诊断试验。研究对象 AMD 患者107例及正常对照69例。方法 分别利用健康危险因素调查问卷和中文版NEI VFQ-25对上述研究对象进行一般情况和视功能相关生存质量调查。根据受调查者的得分情况,采用内部一致性信度、分半信度评价量表信度,内容效度、结构效度和区分效度评价量表效度。主要指标 信度和效度。结果 结果显示量表的信度良好,总体Cronbach α信度系数、分半信度系数分别为0.83和0.77;探索性因子分析12个维度共得到3个公因子,累计方差贡献率为65.35%,表明量表结构效度良好;病例组、对照组在各维度得分不同（P<0.05）,说明量表区分效度良好。 结论 中文版NEI VFQ-25量表在评价AMD患者视功能相关生存质量方面具有良好的信度和效度,适用于综合评价AMD所导致的视力损伤对生存质量的影响。     

低视力者生活质量量表中文版的研制和信度与效度考评

目的探讨制定一个可量化测定视力下降人群视功能相关生活质量的量表,评价其信度和效度。方法翻译英文版““低视力者生活质量量表““(LVQOL)为中文版CLVQOL。采用单纯随机抽样,设置原始组和对照组。原始组间隔2周再次复查,成为重测组。分析量表的内在一致性、重测信度、内容效度、结构效度及判别效度,计算不同性别、年龄、学历及视力与CLVQOL量表得分的相关性。 结果经过系统的翻译、回译及文化调适步骤后所得的CLVQOL量表无论是在临床患者,还是在社区居民中克朗巴赫α系数和分半信度都在0.75～0.97之间,重测信度的组内相关系数在0.69～0.95之间。各条目集合效度的相关系数均在0。4以上,而条目判别效度绝大多数在0.4以下。因子分析共提出4个公共因子。原始组的CLVQOL各维和总体得分比对照组明显低。CLVQOL得分在不同性别、年龄和学历之间无差异,与视力的相关系数高。结论 CLVQOL符合中国的文化特点;其信度、效度均高,适用于临床和社区等各种人群,是能敏感地反映视力下降人群与视功能相关生活质量状况的量表。     

视功能指数量表(VF-14)的修订及评价

目的:对视功能指数量表(VF-14)进行修订并对中文修订本进行信效度评价,为探索国内适宜的视功能评价工具提供依据。方法:选取眼科专家及年龄相关性白内障患者为研究对象,收集量表的修订资料形成修订本;选取年龄相关性白内障患者作为研究对象,收集其一般情况及量表资料。采用t检验、相关分析等统计方法对量表的信度效度进行分析。结果:VF-14量表中文修订本的信度:(1)重测信度:量表各条目和总分的ICC范围值在0.814～0.976;(2)内部一致性:量表的Cronbachα系数为0.916;(3)评定者间信度:量表各条目和总分的ICC范围值在0.854～0.996;(4)分半信度:量表的分半信度系数为0.817。VF-14量表中文修订本的效度:量表的条目包括了所要测量视功能的各个方面;采用术前及术后视功能生存质量量表(VRQOL)得分与VF-14中文修订本得分做相关分析,相关系数分别为0.67和0.46;采用50例患者术前术后VF-14中文修订本得分进行t检验得t=17.18,P<0.05;采用患者主观视功能改善程度与量表分值变化做相关分析,显示量表的相关系数在0.35～0.62之间。结论:视功能指数量表(VF-14)中文修订本的信度效度较好。     

SQOL-DV1对甲状腺相关眼病患者生活质量的评估

目的:对视功能损害眼病患者生存质量量表(The quality oflife scale which measures the quality of life for Chinese patients with visual impairment,SQOL-DV1)应用于甲状腺相关眼病(thyroid associated ophthalmopathy,TAO)患者生活质量评价进行效度、信度和反应度检验。方法:应用SQOL-DV1量表对39例TAO患者和31例正常对照组进行调查。分析该量表能否准确有效评估TAO患者的生活质量。结果:效度分析:(1)内容效度检验各个分项得分之间的相关系数0.62～0.80(P=0.00),各个分项得分与量表总得分的相关系数0.88～0.89(P=0.00)。(2)区分效度检验TAO患者组在症状与视功能、身体机能、社会活动、精神心理各分项得分及量表总分上均低于正常对照组(P=0.00),治疗后TAO患者量表各分项得分及总得分提高(P<0.05)。信度分析:(1)重测信度。量表重复测量相关系数达到0.913(P=0.00)。(2)克朗巴赫系数为0.944。反应度分析:效应大小统计量(ES)为0.88。结论:SQOL-DV1量表是评估TAO患者生活质量的一种有效、可信的工具,可用于临床上TAO患者生活质量的测量和相关研究。     

国人白内障视功能相关生存质量简表的研制及其测量特性评价

目的 研制国人白内障视功能相关生存质量简表Catquest-9SF并评价其在中国白内障人群中的适用性、项目区分度及信、效度,为中国白内障人群的视功能相关生存质量评价提供科学、简便的工具,并初步分析白内障术前患者生存质量的影响因素。方法 横断面调查研究。对原Catquest-9SF量表进行翻译、回译和跨文化调试,选取在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院确诊的白内障住院患者150例行量表调查,其中50例患者由2名调查者先后进行调查。对数据进行内部一致性、评定者间信度、内容效度和结构效度等分析,评价量表的适用性、项目区分度及信、效度,并分析得分的相关因素。结果 国人白内障视功能相关生存质量简表Catquest-9SF简短易行,项目区分度好;总表的Cronbach′s α系数为0.90;评定者间信度的Bland-Altman 95%一致性界限为-2.1~2.0,Pearson相关性分析表明评定者间信度高度相关（r=0.988,P＜0.01）;量表水平内容效度指数为0.98;结构效度的探索性因子分析提取出1个公因子,解释方差百分比为55.89%,累积方差贡献率为55.89%。量表得分和视力（r=0.43,P＜0.01）及年龄（r=-0.22,P<0.01）的相关性显著,不同性别的患者得分差异有统计学意义（t=-2.30,P<0.05）,不同文化程度和第一眼/第二眼手术的患者得分差异无统计学意义。结论 国人Catquest-9SF量表在中国南方地区适用性好,且具有良好的信、效度,是评价中国南方地区白内障人群视功能相关生存质量简单而有效的可行工具。     

非斜视性双眼视异常学龄儿童生活质量量表研制

目的 初步研制非斜视性双眼视异常学龄儿童的生活质量量表,并评价其效度、信度和反应度。方法 调查研究。根据量表设计原则,经统计学评价,综合眼视光学和公共卫生学专家意见,设计非斜视性双眼视异常学龄儿童生活质量量表（加注拼音）。非斜视性双眼视异常判断标准：眼部不适、酸胀、视物模糊、视觉疲劳、复像或文字跳行重叠等症状明显,根据Morgan正常值,Sheard、Percival准则,综合分析是否为非斜视性双眼视异常并进行疗效评价。调查非斜视性双眼视异常小学生116例,首次调查2周后接受再次调查,其中经治疗训练有效的103例于停止治疗后第3个月随诊时接受第3次调查;选择双眼视功能正常小学生100例作为对照。应用变异系数、相关系数、因子分析、逐步回归分析、逐步判别分析、克朗巴赫系数、重测信度和分半信度来筛选量表的有效条目,评价量表的效度、信度和反应度。结果 该量表20个条目,包括双眼视功能、生活自理能力、活动交往以及精神心理等4个分项,具有良好的结构效度（经因子分析提取的4个公因子与本量表的4个分项一致,累计方差贡献率53.15%,各条目在其所属公因子上的因子载荷值均大于0.50）、内容效度（每个条目得分与所属分项得分的相关系数r均大于0.55;4个分项与总得分的相关系数r分别为0.87、0.48、0.49、0.54）和区分效度[双眼视功能正常与非斜视性双眼视异常小学生得分差异有统计学意义（t=1.97,P<0.01）及异常者经治疗训练前后得分差异有统计学意义（t=1.97,P<0.01）];重测信度r为0.98（P<0.01）,克朗巴赫α系数均达到0.70以上,分半信度Rh为0.78（P<0.01）;效应尺度统计量（ES）为0.53。结论 该量表符合生活质量量表效度、信度、反应度和容易分析的技术要求,可试用于临床研究。     

中文版视觉训练视光师学会生存质量 量表的信度和效度研究

目的：研究中文版视觉训练视光师学会生存质量量表（COVD-QOL）的信度和效度。方法：横断面 调查研究。应用Brislin翻译模型对美国视觉训练视光师学会生存质量量表（19个条目）进行汉化，即 先将英文版量表翻译成中文版，再回译成英文版，专家组对个别条目进行调适，形成最终中文版。 2018年1月抽取118名20～23岁的厦门医学院大学生受试者进行中文版量表的调查测试，3周后其中 的80名参加了重复测试，采用项目分析、克朗巴赫系数和重测信度Pearson相关分析、内容效度和结 构效度进行数据分析。结果：项目分析显示，各个条目与量表总分均相关，相关系数在0.333～0.684 之间（P<0.01）；量表信度检测发现Cronbach's α系数为0.791；重测信度采用Pearson相关分析，重测 信度良好（r=0.750，P=0.002）；内容效度指数为0.985，探索性因子分析提取6个公因子，共解释了 62.3%的总方差，但6个公因子难以做专业解释，量表的结构效度欠佳。结论：中文版COVD-QOL具 有良好的信度、重测信度和内容效度，结构效度有待改进，可以应用于评估大学生双眼视异常患者 的生存质量。     

中文版儿童间歇性外斜视生存质量量表的Rasch分析

目的通过Rasch分析提炼和优化中文版儿童间歇性外斜视量表（CIXTQs）,以更好地评估中国间歇性外斜视儿童和家长的生存质量状况。方法横断面研究。在2016年6-8月期间收集5~17岁间歇性外斜视儿童青少年211例,平均年龄（9.7±3.0）岁。其中5~7岁54例,8~17岁157例。分别按要求对儿童和家长采用CIXTQs进行调查,分为5~7岁儿童、8~17岁儿童、家长代理和家长问卷4个量表。根据每一量表的每一条目得分情况使用Winsteps 3.72.3软件的等级模式进行Rasch分析,分析条目及答案的心理计量特征。各量表分析的项目包括分解维度、选项排序、局部独立性、适合度分析、项目适中性分析、最终确定维度等。结果选项排序发现5~17岁儿童青少年量表的选项均为3个,分别是“从来没有”、“有时”、“总是”,家长代理量表和家长问卷量表保留的选项排序和原量表相同,为5个。家长问卷量表仍保留3个维度,分别为功能维度、社会心理维度和手术维度;项目适合度分析发现需要删减家长问卷量表的功能维度中的条目1,社会心理维度中的条目5;删减条目后发现家长问卷量表中的手术维度的个体分离指数较差（＜1.5）。项目适中性分析发现各量表项目难度和研究对象个体能力之间的匹配情况均很好。结论提炼和优化后的CIXTQs将能更明确地反映间歇性外斜视对儿童青少年及其家长生存质量影响的因素,更敏感地评估间歇性外斜视儿童及其家长的生存质量状况。     

国人版角膜接触镜配戴者生活质量量表的研制与评估

目的：研制国人版角膜接触镜配戴者生活质量量表（CLIQ）并评估其信度和效度,分析得分的影响因素。方法：对英国原版CLIQ进行翻译、回译、文化调试,形成国人版量表。采用横断面研究,选择2015年4─12月在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院就诊的角膜接触镜配戴者205例进行问卷调查, 其中再随机选取20例由2名调查员分别进行调查,对问卷数据进行统计分析。结果：回收有效问卷201例。视功能维度因应答率小于50%被删除。量表Cronbach's α系数为0.77,眼部症状维度为0.68, 便利性、经济和情感维度均>0.7,量表Guttmann Split-Half系数为0.89,眼部症状、便利性、经济和情感维度分别为0.75、0.78、0.65和0.93。认知维度Cronbach's α系数和Guttmann Split-Half系数均为 0.49故被删除;删除条目20后健康关注维度Cronbach's α系数和Guttmann Split-Half系数分别为0.68 和0.73。2名调查员之间的评分结果高度相关（r=0.87～0.99,P<0.001）。各条目的条目水平内容效度指数为0.83～1.00,量表的平均水平内容效度指数为0.95。探索性因子分析提取的5个因子分别对应各维度,累计方差贡献率60.43%。眼部症状维度与年龄（r=-0.153,P=0.03）和戴镜年数（r=-0.167, P=0.018）轻度相关,情感维度与戴镜年数轻度相关（r=0.209,P=0.003）。量表总分在不同戴镜年数[（3.60±0.34）年 vs. （3.71±0.32）年,P=0.026、每月戴镜天数[（3.60±0.33）d vs. （3.70±0.33）d, P=0.041]和无/有眼部症状（3.71±0.32 vs. 3.60±0.34,P=0.021）的配戴者间差异有统计学意义。软镜配戴者的经济维度对分高于硬镜配戴者（t=2.588,P=0.017）。结论：删去视功能维度、认知维度和条目20后,CLIQ量表的信度和效度较好,戴镜年数越长、每月戴镜天数越多以及无眼部症状的患者得分较高,硬镜配戴者在花费方面的担忧更多。     

Cross-validation of the Turkish version of the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ 25)

PURPOSE: To test the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the self-administered form of the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ 25). METHODS: Patients with no limitations to respond to a health status interview and affected by a chronic eye disease were enrolled. The Turkish versions of the abbreviated form of World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) and the NEI-VFQ 25 instruments were administered to all participants. RESULTS: The mean (SD) age of the participants was 60.9 (14.5) years. There were 61 patients with one of the following conditions: Cataract (57.4%), diabetic retinopathy (13.2%), age related macular degeneration (ARMD) (11.4%), glaucoma (9.8%) and degenerative myopia (8.2%). The Cronbach alpha of the overall scale was 0.97; the Cronbach alpha ranged from 0.94 to 0.78 for the subscales. The physical, psychological, environmental and social domains of the WHOQOL-BREF had fair to good correlations with the NEI-VFQ 25 (r = 0.68 to r = 0.26), which indicated a sufficient convergent validity. Patients with lower visual acuity (VA) had lower index scores than those with higher VA (p = 0.001), which showed a sufficient responsiveness. CONCLUSION: Statistical analysis showed that Turkish version of the NEI-VFQ is a valid and reliable instrument to measure vision-related quality of life in patients with chronic eye diseases.     

Vision-related quality of life in patients suffering from age-related macular degeneration

PURPOSE: To evaluate the relative impact of best and worst eye on vision-related quality of life in patients suffering from age-related macular degeneration (AMD). DESIGN: Quality of life and visual acuity data were collected at baseline during a randomized clinical trial. METHODS: SETTING: Multicenter (11 centers), international study. PATIENTS: One hundred fourteen patients with a diagnosis of exudative AMD and primary or recurrent subfoveal neovascular membrane (greatest linear dimension of lesion < or =5400 microm; > or =50% of the total lesion was choroidal neovascularization (CNV); classic component of the total CNV > or = 1.0 mm(2)). All patients were over age 50 years, of any race, either sex. INTERVENTION OR OBSERVATION PROCEDURE: NEI-VFQ-39 questionnaire administered to patients at home by trained telephone interviewers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ETDRS visual acuity (VA) was measured in both eyes separately. Vision-related quality of life (QoL) was assessed using the NEI-VFQ-39. An analysis of variance was performed on the NEI-VFQ scores, including best eye VA (VA > 20/40 vs VA < or = 20/40), worst eye VA (VA > 20/200 vs VA < or = 20/200), and the interaction between the two as independent variables. RESULTS: Best eye VA was 0.34 on average, with VA > 20/40 in 43.0% of patients. Worst eye VA was 0.85 on average, with VA > 20/200 in 32.5% of patients. VA was not linked to general health and ocular pain scores. General Vision, Near Activities, Distance Vision, Driving, Mental Health, Role Difficulties, Dependency, Peripheral Vision, and the Global NEI-VFQ scores were affected by both best eye VA and worst eye VA. CONCLUSION: In the study sample, worst eye VA (< or =20/200) and best eye VA (< or =20/40) contributed independently to vision-related QoL. These results suggest that preserving a minimal visual acuity in the worst eye may contribute to vision-related quality of life.     

Adaptación cultural y validación al castellano del cuestionario National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire 25

Introduction

Advances in medicine have contributed to a higher average life expectancy, as well as an increasing number of chronic diseases patients. This longevity means that the assessment of the quality of life, particularly that related to vision, has become very relevant.

神经眼科患者的视觉相关生存质量分析

背景 神经眼科疾病是眼科常见病,并且严重影响患者的生活质量.美国国立眼科研究所视觉功能问卷-39（NEI VFQ-39）可以用来评估视功能对生活质量的影响,但目前中国还缺少将其用于神经眼科疾病的研究. 目的 采用NEI VFQ-39评估神经眼科患者的视觉相关生存质量,为神经眼科患者的治疗及护理提供参考. 方法 选取2012年6月1日至9月30日于解放军总医院神经眼科就诊的97例患者,收集其所有的临床资料及中文版NEI VFQ-39调查量表.以发病眼数量、病种及最佳矫正视力（BCVA）等不同分组方式对NEI VFQ-39各项分数进行比较,同时对NEI VFQ-39分数与较好眼及较差眼的BCVA进行相关分析. 结果 受试患者平均年龄为（36.6±177;14.4）岁,且男女比例无明显差异.VFQ-39总分为57.36（46.50,73.38）,其中精神健康项得分最低,为45.00（35.00,60.00）.4个组疾病中,前部缺血性视神经病变（AION）组除眼痛、依赖程度及周边视力外,其他各项评分均较其余3个组评分低,但差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.双眼发病患者各项得分均较单眼发病者低,除眼痛外,其余各项差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.较好眼BCVA＞20/32的患者得分优于其他两组,与较好眼BCVA＜20/200组比较患者除整体健康及眼痛外,与20/200≤较好眼BCVA≤20/32组比较患者除眼痛、社会活动及色觉外,其余各项比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.VFQ-39多数项目得分与较好眼或较差眼的BCVA呈正相关（P＜0.05）,且与较好眼BCVA的相关性较强.结论 神经眼科疾病严重影响患者的视功能及其生活质量,努力提高视功能有助于改善患者的生活质量.     

The Refractive Status and Vision Profile (RSVP): Translation into Persian, reliability and validity

PURPOSE: To translate and test the reliability and validity of a Persian translation of the Refractive Status and Vision Profile (RSVP), a vision-related quality of life questionnaire, in Iran. METHODS: Forward & backward translation, committee review and pilot testing were performed to develop a final Iranian version of the RSVP. Seventy-three consecutive patients with refractive error before or after refractive surgery at the LASIK ward of Farabi Eye Hospital completed the questionnaire. A convenience sample of 14 patients completed the questionnaire twice within one week. Reliability was measured by internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and the intraclass correlation coefficient for test-retest reliability. Validity was evaluated by correlation between the different RSVP subscales, known groups comparison analysis, and correlation between the subscales versus global items and traditional clinical measures. RESULTS: Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha : 0.71-0.92; except for the subscale expectations, alpha : 0.6). Test-retest reliability of subscales and the overall RSVP scale, as estimated by the intraclass correlation coefficient, was high except for optical problems and glare. Comparisons between pre- and post-operative groups of patients showed significantly higher (worse) scores for concern, physical/social functioning, and the overall score in the pre-operative group. Almost all subscales showed desirable inter-scale correlations. CONCLUSION: The Iranian version of the RSVP is a reliable and valid measure of vision-related quality of life in patients with refractive error.     

Quality of life in keratoconus

PURPOSE: Keratoconus is a chronic, noninflammatory disease of the cornea with onset in early adulthood. As these years are important to financial and social health, keratoconus may have more severe impact on quality of life than would be expected given its clinical severity. We examined the vision-related quality of life of patients in the Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Keratoconus (CLEK) Study. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: The National Eye Institute-Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ) was administered to 1166 CLEK Study patients at their first annual follow-up examination. Associations between clinical and demographic factors and NEI-VFQ scale scores were evaluated. RESULTS: Binocular entrance visual acuity worse than 20/40 was associated with lower quality of life scores on all scales except General Health and Ocular Pain. A steep keratometric reading (average of both eyes) >52 diopters (D) was associated with lower scores on the Mental Health, Role Difficulty, Driving, Dependency, and Ocular Pain scales. Scores for CLEK patients on all scales were between patients with category 3 and category 4 age-related macular degeneration (AMD) except General Health, which was better than AMD patients, and Ocular Pain, which was worse than AMD patients. CONCLUSIONS: Keratoconus is a disease of relatively low prevalence that rarely results in blindness, but because it affects young adults, the magnitude of its public health impact is disproportionate to its prevalence and clinical severity.     

Psychometric properties of the 25-item NEI-VFQ in a Hispanic population: Proyecto VER

PURPOSE. To assess the psychometric properties of the NEI-VFQ-25 in a population-based study of older Hispanic persons living in the United States, explore other demographic factors that affect participant response, and observe the comparability of the Spanish and English versions of the instrument. METHODS. A sample of randomly selected block groups in Tucson and Nogales, Arizona, were selected for study. Participants were interviewed at home; a majority of the interviews were conducted in Spanish. The home interview included questions from the NEI-VFQ-25 and HHANES. Presenting acuity was done using ETDRS methodology, followed by a standardized eye examination by an ophthalmologist. The authors analyzed the internal consistency of the NEI-VFQ-25 responses using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the construct validity by assessing the relationship between presenting acuity and scale scores, adjusting for age and gender. A second model was also explored to determine whether other demographic variables affected scale scores; differences in reporting between the Spanish and English versions was observed in this model, used in a subset of the population that minimized interviewer effect. RESULTS. Of the 4774 participants in the study, 99.7% had completed questionnaires, not completed by proxy. The highest nonresponse rate occurred in the Driving scale, with 25% of participants not driving for reasons other than problems with vision. Internal consistency was high, with Cronbach alpha ranging between 0.65 and 0.86 for scales with multiple items. Adjusting for age and gender, those with presenting acuity worse than 20/40 scored significantly lower than those with presenting acuity 20/40 or better, for all scales. The demographic variables with the most consistent association across the NEI-VFQ-25 scales were presenting acuity, income, and gender. No significant differences in reporting were found between the Spanish and English versions of the questionnaire in the subset of the population. CONCLUSIONS. In this study of Hispanic people age 40 years or older, the NEI-VFQ-25 was sensitive to presenting acuity and other demographic variables, such as age, gender, and income. The findings from this psychometric analysis provide evidence of the reliability and validity of some of the scales in the 25-item NEI-VFQ when used among people with a range of visual acuity level, providing other explanatory variables are also considered.     

后发性白内障患者行后囊膜切开术后视觉相关生活质量的评价

背景 后发性白内障（PCO）是超声乳化白内障摘出联合人工晶状体（IOL）植入术后的主要并发症,发病率高,其主流治疗方法是后囊膜切开术,但是目前缺乏对PCO行Nd∶YAG激光后囊膜切开术后患者生活质量的研究. 目的 评估PCO患者行Nd∶YAG激光后囊膜切开术后的视力及视觉相关的生活质量.方法 前瞻性横断面研究.收集2012年9-12月在温州医学院附属眼视光医院拟行Nd∶YAG激光治疗的PCO患者200例250眼,术前所有患者按视力损害的程度不同分为无或者轻度视力损伤（1级）、中度视力损伤（2级）、重度视力损伤（3级）和盲（4级）,并由同一位眼科医师对纳入的患者行Nd∶YAG激光后囊膜切开术.本研究的主要观察指标包括视力和美国国家眼科研究所视功能问卷-25（NEI-VFQ-25）调查问卷评分.分别于术前、术后3周检测并分析患者的单眼和双眼视力,采用NEI-VFQ-25对患者进行问卷调查,调查问卷中的各项条目分别计为0～4分,评价结果为调查问卷的累积分数.结果 所有患者Nd∶YAG激光后囊膜切开术术前双眼视力（LogMAR）及NEI-VFQ-25评分分别为0.47＆#177;0.44和59.1＆#177;13.0,术后3周分别为0.30＆#177;0.30和72.1＆#177;15.9,患者术后的双眼视力和NEI-VFQ-25评分较术前均明显改善,差异均有统计学意义（t=11.38、22.01,P＜0.05）.PCO患者行Nd∶YAG激光后囊膜切开术术后3周NEI-VFQ-25调查问卷中12类视觉生活质量相关的项目,如一般健康状态、总体视觉情况、眼痛、近距离工作、远距离工作、社交功能、精神健康状态、社会角色限制、独立性、驾驶、色彩视觉和周边视野等方面评分均较术前明显提高,差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）.术前各级视力损害者行Nd∶YAG激光后囊膜切开术后在NEI-VFQ-25调查问卷评分均有明显改善（t=21.20、8.39、3.18,P＜0.05）. 结论 PCO患者Nd∶YAG激光后囊膜切开术后,视力联合视觉相关的生活质量问卷调查评分是评价患者生活质量的指标.     

Baseline characteristics, the 25-Item National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire, and their associations in the Complications of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Prevention Trial (CAPT)

OBJECTIVE: To describe characteristics of participants in the Complications of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Prevention Trial (CAPT) at baseline and to investigate associations among visual function, fundus features, and vision-related quality of life. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: The 1052 participants in CAPT, a multicenter, randomized clinical trial. Eligibility criteria for CAPT included > or =10 large drusen and visual acuity > or =20/40 in each eye. METHODS: At baseline, the visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and critical print size for each eye were measured, color stereo photographs of the disc and macula of each eye were taken, and the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) was self-administered. Graders from a central photograph reading center evaluated the photographs for drusen characteristics and focal hyperpigmentation. All procedures were performed using standardized protocols. Associations among characteristics were assessed by Spearman correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Among CAPT participants at baseline, the mean age was 71.0 years, 60.6% were women, and 99.3% were white. The median visual acuity of the better eye was 20/20 and of the worse eye 20/25. In approximately one third of eyes, drusen covered > or =10% of the retina within 3000 microm of the foveal center, and 67.7% of eyes had focal hyperpigmentation. Drusen area and focal hyperpigmentation were weakly correlated (r = -0.08 to -0.18) with the measures of visual function. The measures of visual function were weakly associated with the NEI-VFQ-25 scores. An association of fundus features with NEI-VFQ-25 scores was not found. CONCLUSION: At baseline, CAPT participants had good visual function and several risk factors for progression to neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Scores on the NEI-VFQ-25 indicated that participants perceived some problems with their vision. Within this relatively homogeneous group of participants, measures of visual function were only weakly associated with the measures of vision-related quality of life.