频域-OCT观测原发性闭角型青光眼患者视盘形态、视网膜神经纤维层及神经节细胞复合体的临床意义

目的　应用频域-ＯＣＴ观测原发性闭角型青光眼（ｐｒｉｍａｒｙａｎｇｌｅｃｌｏｓｅｄｇｌａｕｃｏｍａ,ＰＡＣＧ）患者视盘形态、视网膜神经纤维层（ｒｅｔｉｎａｌｎｅｒｖｅｆｉｂｅｒｌａｙｅｒ,ＲＮＦＬ）及黄斑区神经节细胞复合体（ｇａｎｇｌｉｏｎｃｅｌｌｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ,ＧＣＣ）,分析其与视野平均缺损（ｍｅａｎｄｅ-ｖｉａｔｉｏｎ,ＭＤ）的相关性。方法　选取３５例６０眼ＰＡＣＧ患者,根据视野损害程度分为早期及中晚期２组,与３３例正常人进行频域-ＯＣＴ对比检查。测量视盘形态学参数、整体平均ＲＮＦＬ厚度（ＲＮＦＬ-Ａｖｇ）、上方平均ＲＮＦＬ厚度（ＲＮＦＬ-Ｓｕｐ）、下方平均ＲＮＦＬ厚度（ＲＮＦＬ-Ｉｎｆ）、整体平均ＧＣＣ的厚度（ＧＣＣ-Ａｖｇ）、上方平均ＧＣＣ厚度（ＧＣＣ-Ｓｕｐ）、下方平均ＧＣＣ厚度（ＧＣＣ-Ｉｎｆ）,并分析青光眼患者组视野ＭＤ与ＲＮＦＬ、ＧＣＣ的相关性。结果　视盘各形态学参数在各期ＰＡＣＧ组与正常对照组间的差异具有统计学意义（视盘面积Ｆ＝１４．２９、Ｐ＝０．０００;视杯面积Ｆ＝１１．３１、Ｐ＝０．０００;盘沿面积Ｆ＝６．２７、Ｐ＝０．００２;盘沿容积Ｆ＝１０．４１、Ｐ＝００００;视神经盘容积Ｆ＝３．５３、Ｐ＝０．０３４;视杯容积Ｆ＝１０．９９、Ｐ＝０．０００;杯盘比Ｆ＝８．６４、Ｐ＝０．０００;杯盘纵比Ｆ＝３．１４、Ｐ＝００４８;杯盘横比Ｆ＝４．２０、Ｐ＝０．０１２）。其中视盘面积差异表现为两个ＰＡＣＧ组均较正常对照组大,而两个ＰＡＣＧ组间差异无统计学意义;其他各参数表现为:中晚期ＰＡＣＧ组的视杯面积、视杯容积、杯盘比均比正常对照组显著增大;而盘沿面积、盘沿容积和视神经盘容积均比正常对照组显著减小。增大及缩小的程度与正常对照组比较,差异均具有统计学意义,变化符合ＰＡＣＧ神经损害的特点;而早期ＰＡＣＧ组在上述参数中与正常对照组之间的差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）。对ＲＮＦＬ及ＧＣＣ的分析中,ＰＡＣＧ组与正常对照组间的差异具有统计学意义（ＲＮＦＬ-ＡｖｇＦ＝９．７９、Ｐ＝０．０００;ＲＮＦＬ-ＳｕｐＦ＝６．４８、Ｐ＝０００２;ＲＮ-ＦＬ-ＩｎｆＦ＝７．５４、Ｐ＝０．００１;ＧＣＣ-ＡｖｇＦ＝６．６２、Ｐ＝０．００２;ＧＣＣ-ＳｕｐＦ＝５．６９、Ｐ＝０．００５;ＧＣＣ-ＩｎｆＦ＝６．４５、Ｐ＝０．００３）。组间两两比较发现:中晚期ＰＡＣＧ组上述各参数与正常对照组的差异具有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）;而早期ＰＡＣＧ组各参数与正常对照组间的差异无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）。中晚期ＰＡＣＧ组ＲＮＦＬ和ＧＣＣ均与ＭＤ呈明显的正相关（ｒ＝０．６８９５,Ｐ＝０．００１;ｒ＝０５２７１,Ｐ＝０．０１０）;早期ＰＡＣＧ组ＲＮＦＬ及ＧＣＣ与ＭＤ无相关性（ｒ＝－０．２０８４、Ｐ＝０．２４４;ｒ＝０．２００１、Ｐ＝０２８１）。结论　频域-ＯＣＴ是一种比较敏感的能够观察到视网膜结构改变的检查方法,但其对于早期青光眼的诊断仍具有局限性。     

组织激肽释放酶在糖尿病视网膜病变患者血清中的变化及其调节血管新生机制

目的　检测组织激肽释放酶（ｔｉｓｓｕｅｋａｌｌｉｋｒｅｉｎ,ＴＫＬＫ）、血管内皮细胞生长因子（ｖａｓｃｕｌａｒｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉａｌｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ,ＶＥＧＦ）和可溶性细胞间黏附分子-１（ｓｏｌｕｂｌｅｉｎｔｒａｃｅｌｌｕｌａｒａｄｈｅｎｓｉｏｎｍｏｌｅｃｕｌ-１,ｓＩＣＡＭ-１）在糖尿病视网膜病变（ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＤＲ）患者血清中的变化,观察ＴＫＬＫ在低氧条件下对人视网膜微血管内皮细胞（ｈｕｍａｎｒｅｔｉｎａｌｍｉｃｒｏｖａｓｃｕｌａｒｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉａｌｃｅｌｌｓ,ＨＲＭＥＣｓ）中ＶＥＧＦ和ＩＣＡＭ-１表达的影响。方法　收集２型糖尿病患者６０例,按照ＤＲ分期标准将患者分为糖尿病无ＤＲ组（ＤＭ组）、非增生性ＤＲ组（ＮＰＤＲ组）和增生性ＤＲ组（ＰＤＲ组）,收集同期在本院体检的志愿者作为对照组,每组２０例。ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测血清中ＴＫＬＫ、ＶＥＧＦ和ｓＩＣＡＭ-１的水平。体外ＨＲＭＥＣｓ分别进行常氧和低氧培养,不同浓度重组ＴＫＬＫ处理后,检测细胞增殖、凋亡以及ＶＥＧＦ和ＩＣＡＭ-１的表达。结果　ＤＭ、ＮＰＤＲ和ＰＤＲ组患者血清中ＴＫＬＫ、ＶＥＧＦ和ｓＩＣＡＭ-１水平明显高于对照组,４组总体差异有统计学意义（Ｆ＝２８．８０５,Ｐ＝０．００２;Ｆ＝３２．０４１,Ｐ＝０．００２;Ｆ＝２６．１６９,Ｐ＝０．００１）;ＰＤＲ患者血清中ＴＫＬＫ、ＶＥＧＦ和ｓＩＣＡＭ-１水平显著高于ＤＭ和ＮＰＤＲ组（均为Ｐ＜０．００１）。ＴＫＬＫ与ＶＥＧＦ（ｒ＝０．６２３,Ｐ＜０．０１）和ｓＩＣＡＭ-１水平（ｒ＝０．５９８,Ｐ＜０．０１）均呈正相关。１０μｇ?ｍＬ－１ｒｈＴＫＬＫ可显著抑制低氧诱导的ＨＲＭＥＣｓ增殖以及ＶＥＧＦ和ＩＣＡＭ-１的表达,并可促进细胞凋亡（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　ＴＫＬＫ通过与ＶＥＧＦ和ＩＣＡＭ-１相互作用而影响ＤＲ的进展。     

原发性青光眼合并2型糖尿病患者房水及血液中MMP-2及TIMP-2的表达

目的　探讨基质金属蛋白酶２（ｍａｔｒｉｘｍｅｔａｌｌｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎａｓｅ-２,ＭＭＰ-２）及金属蛋白酶２组织抑制因子（ｔｉｓｓｕｅｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒｏｆｍｅｔａｌｌｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎａｓｅ-２,ＴＩＭＰ-２）与原发性青光眼合并２型糖尿病的关系。方法　研究对象分Ａ组、Ｂ组、Ｃ组、Ｄ组、Ｅ组、Ｆ组６组,每组３０眼。Ａ组为原发性开角型青光眼（ｐｒｉｍａｒｙｏｐｅｎａｎｇｌｅｇｌａｕｃｏｍａ,ＰＯＡＧ）组,Ｂ组为原发性闭角型青光眼（ｐｒｉｍａｒｙａｎｇｌｅｃｌｏ-ｓｕｒｅｇｌａｕｃｏｍａ,ＰＡＣＧ）组,Ｃ组为ＰＯＡＧ合并２型糖尿病组,Ｄ组为ＰＡＣＧ合并２型糖尿病组,Ｅ组为糖尿病性白内障组,Ｆ组为年龄相关性白内障组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测各组房水及血清中ＴＩＭＰ-２及ＭＭＰ-２的含量,并计算ＴＩＭＰ-２／ＭＭＰ-２值。结果　在６组研究对象的房水中,ＭＭＰ-２浓度在Ａ组为（２４．９２±６．６２）μｇ?Ｌ－１、Ｂ组为（３６．８０±１５．０７）μｇ?Ｌ－１、Ｄ组为（２８.４４±５．７８）μｇ?Ｌ－１,均较Ｆ组的（２２．８７±３.５４）μｇ?Ｌ－１显著升高（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）;同时房水中ＴＩＭＰ-２浓度在Ａ组为（４３.９２±１９．５７）μｇ?Ｌ－１、Ｂ组为（７６．１３±２７．６７）μｇ?Ｌ－１、Ｄ组为（６１．９２±６．５１）μｇ?Ｌ－１,也均较Ｆ组的（２２.４８±３．５６）μｇ?Ｌ－１显著升高（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ组房水中ＴＩＭＰ-２／ＭＭＰ-２值较Ｅ组和Ｆ组显著提高,约为其２倍,但Ａ组、Ｂ组、Ｃ组、Ｄ组间ＴＩＭＰ-２／ＭＭＰ-２值无显著性差异。在６组研究对象的血清中,Ａ组ＭＭＰ-２和ＴＩＭＰ-２浓度最高,分别为（３９６．７５±４９．３０）μｇ?Ｌ－１和（３３７．６７±６２．７８）μｇ?Ｌ－１,其余各组间ＭＭＰ-２和ＴＩＭＰ-２浓度无显著性差异。６组研究对象血清中ＴＩＭＰ-２／ＭＭＰ-２值无明显差异。结论　原发性青光眼患者中ＴＩＭＰ-２／ＭＭＰ-２值均存在失衡,说明ＭＭＰ-２的活性变化及ＴＩＭＰ-２／ＭＭＰ-２值与ＰＯＡＧ和ＰＡＣＧ的发病密切相关,但２型糖尿病对原发性青光眼的病程进展无明显影响。     

原发性慢性闭角型青光眼黄斑区结构损害的定量研究及相关分析

目的　探讨慢性原发性闭角型青光眼（ｃｈｒｏｎｉｃｐｒｉｍａｒｙａｎｇｌｅ-ｃｌｏｓｕｒｅｇｌａｕｃｏｍａ,ＣＰＡＣＧ）患者黄斑区神经节细胞复合体（ｍａｃｕｌａｒｇａｎｇｌｉｏｎｃｅｌｌｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ,ｍＧＣＣ）厚度变化及与视网膜神经纤维层（ｒｅｔｉｎａｌｎｅｒｖｅｆｉｂｅｒｌａｙｅｒ,ＲＮＦＬ）厚度的相关性。方法　采用ＲＴＶｕｅ１００-２ＯＣＴ检测ＣＰＡＣＧ患者５５例（５５眼）早期、中期及晚期与正常人３０例（３０眼）平均、上方、下方ｍＧＣＣ厚度及平均、上方、下方ＲＮＦＬ厚度,比较组间各检测指标的差异,分析ｍＧＣＣ厚度与ＲＮＦＬ厚度的相关性。结果　早期ＣＰＡＣＧ组、中期ＣＰＡＣＧ组、晚期ＣＰＡＣＧ组平均、上方、下方ｍＧＣＣ厚度值分别为（９５．１５±８．２１）μｍ、（９６．１１±７．７７）μｍ、（９５．０５±９．９４）μｍ,（７６．０４±８．５８）μｍ、（８３．０４±８．７２）μｍ、（７４．１７±９．７１）μｍ,（６４．４０±１０．１３）μｍ、（６８．８３±１３．２６）μｍ、（６３．３４±１２．６１）μｍ。早期ＣＰＡＣＧ组、中期ＣＰＡＣＧ组、晚期ＣＰＡＣＧ组各ＲＮＦＬ及ｍＧＣＣ厚度值均较正常对照组降低,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）;随着青光眼病情的进展,ＲＮＦＬ厚度及ｍＧＣＣ厚度逐渐变薄,中期ＣＰＡＣＧ组各ＲＮＦＬ及ｍＧＣＣ厚度值均较早期ＣＰＡＣＧ组降低,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,晚期ＣＰＡＣＧ组各ＲＮＦＬ及ｍＧＣＣ厚度值均较中期ＣＰＡＣＧ组降低,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＣＰＡＣＧ患者平均ｍＧＣＣ厚度和平均ＲＮＦＬ厚度、上方ｍＧＣＣ厚度和上方ＲＮＦＬ厚度、下方ｍＧＣＣ厚度和下方ＲＮＦＬ厚度均呈高度正相关（ｒ＝０．９８７、０．９７６、０．９７１,均为Ｐ＝０．０００）。结论　频域ＯＣＴ检测的ＣＰＡＣＧ患者的ｍＧＣＣ厚度随青光眼病情的进展逐渐变薄,与ＲＮＦＬ厚度有良好的相关性。     

DR患者血清中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白含量测定的临床意义

目的　通过检测糖尿病视网膜病变（ｄｉａｂｅｔｉｃｒｅｔｉｎｏｐａｔｈｙ,ＤＲ）患者的中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白（ｎｅｕｔｒｏｐｈｉｌｇｅｌａｔｉｎａｓｅａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄｌｉｐｏｃａｌｉｎ,ＮＧＡＬ）及相关危险因素的变化,了解该指标的临床价值。方法　连续性、回顾性收集我院于２０１３年１月１日至２０１４年１月１日收治入院ＤＲ患者的临床资料,另纳入同期入院的糖尿病病程近１０ａ的非ＤＲ患者为对照组,获取平均动脉压、体质量指数、空腹Ｃ肽（ｆａｓｔｉｎｇＣｐｅｐｔｉｄｅ,ＦＣＰ）、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白（ｈｅｍｏｇｌｏｂｉｎＡｌｃ,ＨｂＡｌｃ）、血肌酐、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ｌｏｗｄｅｎｓｉｔｙｌｉｐｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ-ｃｈｏｌｅｓｔｅｒｏｌ,ＬＤＬ-Ｃ）、微小ＲＮＡ-２１、细胞角蛋白多肽-１９（ｃｙｔｏｋｅｒａｔｉｎ１９,Ｃｋ-１９）、凝血酶原时间、２４ｈ尿蛋白定量及ＮＧＡＬ含量。所有ＤＲ患者均常规随访１ａ以上以记录是否进展至ＰＤＲ阶段。依据随访结果,将ＤＲ患者分为ＮＰＤＲ组及ＰＤＲ组,对比两组患者组间资料的差异性。结果　经过纳入、排除及剔除标准,共搜集６１例患者的临床资料,其中５５例患者完成随访,至随访末期ＰＤＲ２０例,ＮＰＤＲ３５例。另纳入对照组７２例,三组患者年龄、患高血压病者比例、吸烟者比例、ＬＤＬ-Ｃ、ＨｂＡｌｃ、ＦＣＰ、ＣＫ-１９、ＮＧＡＬ差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）;将ＰＤＲ组患者的ＮＧＡＬ与其他具有差异性的实验室检查指标进行ＰＰＭＣＣ检验以验证其相关性:ＮＧＡＬ与ＨｂＡｌｃ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．５７０,Ｐ＜０．０５）、与ＦＣＰ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．５２９,Ｐ＜０．０５）、与ＣＫ-１９呈正相关（ｒ＝０．５８２,Ｐ＜０．０５）;多因素Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归模型提示:较高水平的ＬＤＬ-Ｃ、ＨｂＡｌｃ、ＦＣＰ、ＮＧＡＬ是初检ＤＲ患者１ａ内进展至ＰＤＲ阶段的独立危险因素（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）;绘制ＮＧＡＬ作为独立危险因素评判ＤＲ患者不良预后的ＲＯＣ曲线,曲线下面积为０．８０７、９５％ＣＩ（０．７６８～０．８５０）。ＮＧＡＬ最佳预测值为７６．８２ｎｇ·ｍＬ－１,其灵敏度为７１．６９％、特异度为８２．６４％。绘制相关ＫＭ生存曲线,亦可证实ＮＧＡＬ高于７６．８２ｎｇ·ｍＬ－１的ＤＲ患者具有更高的不良预后风险（８５．７１％ ｖｓ８．８２％,χ２＝７．９７６,Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　血清ＮＧＡＬ对于ＤＲ患者的诊断、识别高危风险、评估预后等方面具有重要意义。     

原发性闭角型青光眼患者虹膜生物学结构特点

目的　观察原发性闭角型青光眼（ｐｒｉｍａｒｙａｎｇｌｅｃｌｏｓｕｒｅｇｌａｕｃｏｍａ,ＰＡＣＧ）患者虹膜生物学结构特点。方法　采用眼前段光学相干断层扫描仪（ａｎｔｅｒｉｏｒｓｅｇｍｅｎｔｏｐｔｉｃａｌｃｏ-ｈｅｒｅｎｃｅｔｏｍｏｇｒａｐｈｙ,ＡＳ-ＯＣＴ）,获取ＰＡＣＧ组与对照组眼前段图像,采用中山房角分析软件（Ｚｈｏｎｇｓｈａｎａｎｇｌｅａｎａｌｙｚｅｐｒｏｇｒａｍ,ＺＡＡＰ）对图片进行分析,对比ＰＡＣＧ组与对照组虹膜结构参数的差异。结果　ＰＡＣＧ组患者前房浅、眼轴短、晶状体厚、房角窄及前房宽度小,与对照组相比差异均有显著统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．００１）。ＰＡＣＧ组虹膜厚度ＩＴ７５０为（０．４８±０．１５）ｍｍ,对照组为（０．４３±０．１８）ｍｍ,ＰＡＣＧ大于对照组;ＰＡＣＧ组虹膜厚度ＩＴ２０００为（０．５２±０．１４）ｍｍ,对照组为（０．４７±０．１６）ｍｍ;ＰＡＣＧ组虹膜面积为（１．５６±０.２８）ｍｍ２,对照组为（１．５０±０．２８）ｍｍ２;ＰＡＣＧ组虹膜弯曲距离为（０．３１±０．１７）ｍｍ,对照组为（０.２５±０．１２）ｍｍ;ＰＡＣＧ组瞳孔直径（４．０９±１．７１）ｍｍ,对照组为（４．４８±１．７１）ｍｍ;两组间虹膜厚度、虹膜面积、虹膜弯曲距离、瞳孔直径差异均有显著统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论　与对照组相比,ＰＡＣＧ患者虹膜厚、面积大、虹膜弯曲距离大,虹膜结构参数可能参与ＰＡＣＧ发病。     

超声微泡造影剂联合鼠神经生长因子对高眼压兔视神经损害的保护作用

目的　观察超声微泡造影剂联合鼠神经生长因子（ｍｏｕｓｅｎｅｒｖｅｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ,ｍＮＧＦ）对高眼压兔视神经损害的保护作用。方法　新西兰大白兔４０只,随机分为５组（每组８只）。空白对照组（Ａ组）、高眼压模型组（Ｂ组）、高眼压模型＋玻璃体内注射ｍＮＧＦ组（Ｃ组）、高眼压模型＋玻璃体内注射ｍＮＧＦ联合超声组（Ｄ组）、高眼压模型＋玻璃体内注射ｍＮＧＦ联合超声微泡组（Ｅ组）。行闪光视觉诱发电位（ｆｌａｓｈｖｉｓｕａｌｅｖｏｋｅｄｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ,Ｆ-ＶＥＰ）检测,记录Ｐ１００波潜伏期及振幅;取各组兔视网膜行病理形态学观察和透射电镜观察兔视神经超微结构。结果　Ｂ组眼压在造模后１周、２周、４周分别为（３３．４±２．８）ｍｍＨｇ（１ｋＰａ＝７．５ｍｍＨｇ）、（３４．１±２．５）ｍｍＨｇ和（３４．８±２．２）ｍｍＨｇ,与Ａ组眼压（１３．６±１．８）ｍｍＨｇ、（１３．４±１．７）ｍｍＨｇ和（１３．３±１．４）ｍｍＨｇ相比差异有显著统计学意义（Ｐ＝０．０００）。Ｂ组的Ｐ１００潜伏期（１２５．００±１８．７０）ｍｓ和振幅（５．５０±３．０３）ｎＶ较Ａ组的Ｐ１００潜伏期（４６．２０±６．９０）ｍｓ和振幅（１５．９０±２．４８）ｎＶ明显延长和降低,差异有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）;Ｅ组的Ｐ１００潜伏期（６３．８０±８．３５）ｍｓ和振幅（１１．３７±２．８４）ｎＶ较Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ组明显缩短和升高,差异有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。Ｂ组视网膜神经节细胞（ｒｅｔｉｎａｌｇａｎｇｌｉｏｎｃｅｌｌｓ,ＲＧＣ）计数（１４．９７±１．３０）个明显少于Ａ组（２６．０４±０．７０）个,差异有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）;Ｅ组ＲＧＣ计数（２３．９７±０．９０）个明显高于Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ组,但仍低于Ａ组,差异有统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。Ｅ组兔视网膜各层结构较Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ组完整,分层较清晰。Ｅ组兔视神经髓鞘结构尚完整,轴突内微管、微丝结构可见,较Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ组视神经超微结构明显改善。结论　超声微泡造影剂与鼠神经生长因子联合使用可增强鼠神经生长因子对高眼压兔视神经损害的保护作用。     

慢病毒载体介导TLR2基因干扰大鼠角膜上皮细胞和基质细胞的实验研究

目的　观察慢病毒载体（ｌｅｎｔｉｖｉｒａｌｖｅｃｔｏｒ,ＬＶ）介导ＴＬＲ２基因干扰大鼠角膜上皮细胞（ｃｏｒｎｅａｌｅｐｉｔｈｅｌｉａｌｃｅｌｌ,ＣＥＣ）和基质细胞（ｃｏｒｎｅａｌｓｔｒｏｍａｌｃｅｌｌ,ＣＳＣ）的有效性和安全性。方法　分别培养大鼠ＣＥＣ和ＣＳＣ,转染组用携带绿色荧光蛋白（ｅｎｈａｎｃｅｄｇｒｅｅｎｆｌｕｏｒｅｓｃｅｎｔｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ,ｅＧＦＰ）和ＴＬＲ２小干扰ＲＮＡ（ｓｍａｌｌｉｎｔｅｒｆｅｒｅｎｃｅＲＮＡ,ｓｉＲＮＡ）的ＬＶ转染,空白对照组加入空白培养液,阴性对照组加入不携带目的基因的ＬＶ。转染组按最佳感染复数（ｍｕｌｔｉｐｌｉｃｉｔｙｏｆｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎ,ＭＯＩ）分别为１０、５０、１００、２００加入ＬＶ-ＴＬＲ２-ｓｉＲＮＡ-ｅＧＦＰ,选择ｅＧＦＰ表达最强的ＭＯＩ进行后续实验,观察细胞形态,ＣＣＫ８检测细胞增殖情况。流式细胞仪检测两种角膜细胞的转染效率,ＲＴ-ＰＣＲ检测转染后ＴＬＲ２ｍＲＮＡ的表达情况。结果　ＭＯＩ＝２００时转染ＣＥＣ和ＣＳＣ荧光表达最高,和空白对照组相比细胞形态未发生明显改变;ＣＣＫ８结果显示转染组与空白对照组、阴性对照组的ＩＯＤ值差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）;流式细胞仪检测ＣＥＣ和ＣＳＣ转染效率分别为７７．６００％ ±１．１００％和７６．３００％ ±１．３８７％,和阴性对照组相比差异均有显著统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．００１）。ＲＴ-ＰＣＲ检测转染后ＣＥＣ和ＣＳＣＴＬＲ２ｍＲＮＡ相对表达量均较对照组明显下降,差异均有显著统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．００１）。结论　ＬＶ-ＴＬＲ２-ｓｉＲＮＡ-ｅＧＦＰ可在体外稳定有效转染ＣＥＣ和ＣＳＣ,且对细胞安全性无影响,可有效下调ＴＬＲ２ｍＲＮＡ的表达。     

三维光学相干断层扫描测量视网膜神经节细胞复合体厚度对原发性开角型青光眼诊断的意义

目的　应用三维光学相干断层扫描（ｏｐｔｉｃａｌｃｏｈｅｒｅｎｃｅｔｏｍｏｇｒａｐｈｙ,ＯＣＴ）测量原发性开角型青光眼（ｐｒｉｍａｒｙｏｐｅｎａｎｇｌｅｇｌａｕｃｏｍａ,ＰＯＡＧ）患者的黄斑区各部位神经节细胞复合体（ｍａｃｕｌａｒｇａｎｇｌｉｏｎｃｅｌｌｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ,ｍＧＣＣ）厚度,评价其在ＰＯＡＧ诊断中的意义。方法　选取早期ＰＯＡＧ患者３０例（３０眼）,中晚期ＰＯＡＧ患者３０例（３０眼）,以正常人３０例（３０眼）作为对照,应用Ｔｏｐ-ｃｏｎ３ＤＯＣＴ-２０００测量并记录所有受试者的视盘周围各部位视网膜神经纤维层（ｐｅｒｉｐａｐｉｌｌａｒｙｒｅｔｉｎａｌｎｅｖｅｒｆｉｂｅｒｌａｙｅｒ,ｐＲＮＦＬ）和ｍＧＣＣ［包括黄斑区视网膜神经纤维层（ｍａｃｕｌａｒｒｅｔｉｎａｌｎｅｖｅｒｆｉｂｅｒｌａｙｅｒ,ｍＲＮＦＬ）、黄斑区神经节细胞层＋内丛状层（ｇａｎｇｌｉｏｎｃｅｌｌｌａｙｅｒｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｉｎｎｅｒｐｌｅｘｉｆｏｒｍｌａｙｅｒ,ＧＣＩＰ）、神经节细胞复合体（ｇａｎｇｌｉｏｎｃｅｌｌｃｏｍｐｌｅｘ,ＧＣＣ）］厚度,并对所有数据进行统计分析,应用受试者工作特征曲线下面积（ａｒｅａｕｎｄｅｒｔｈｅｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｒｏｐｅｒａｔｉｎｇｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｃｕｒｖｅ,ＡＵＲＯＣ）评价各参数对ＰＯＡＧ的诊断效力。结果　早期、中晚期ＰＯＡＧ患者各部位的ｐＲＮＦＬ厚度及ｍＧＣＣ厚度值随着青光眼的严重程度逐渐变薄。早期ＰＯＡＧ患者与正常人相比,除了ｍＲＮＦＬ厚度和部分ｐＲＮＦＬ厚度（鼻侧和颞侧）参数差异无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）外,其余的各项参数间差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。中晚期ＰＯＡＧ患者与正常人相比、早期ＰＯＡＧ患者与中晚期ＰＯＡＧ患者相比,各项参数间差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。早期ＰＯＡＧ患者ｍＲＮＦＬ、ＧＣＩＰ、ＧＣＣ、ｐＲＮＦＬ平均值的ＡＵＲＯＣ值分别为０．６４１、０．７３１、０．７２４、０．７７５;中晚期为０．９３１、０．８３０、０．９１５、０．９４７。早期ＰＯＡＧ患者ｍＲＮＦＬ、ＧＣＩＰ、ＧＣＣ最小值的ＡＵＲＯＣ值分别为０．６７４、０．７４６、０．７３２,中晚期为０．９４２、０．８４１、０．９２８,均高于其平均值的ＡＵＲＯＣ值。除了鼻侧及颞侧ｐＲＮＦＬ厚度参数外,其余各项参数均能有效地诊断ＰＯＡＧ,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　ｍＧＣＣ厚度参数与ｐＲＮＦＬ厚度参数对ＰＯＡＧ的诊断效力相当,可作为ＰＯＡＧ诊断的一个新指标。     

同轴微切口超声乳化白内障吸出术后角膜生物力学变化

目的　比较同轴微切口超声乳化白内障吸出术（ｐｈａｃｏｅｍｕｌｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ,Ｐｈａｃｏ）及标准切口Ｐｈａｃｏ术后角膜生物力学的变化。方法　年龄相关性白内障患者３１２例（３１２眼）随机分成两组。其中研究组（２．２ｍｍ同轴微切口组）１５９例,对照组（３．０ｍｍ标准切口组）１５３例。记录两组术前数据,包括年龄、性别、裸眼视力（ｕｎｃｏｒｒｅｃｔｅｄｖｉｓｕａｌａｃｕｉｔｙ,ＵＣ-ＶＡ）、最佳矫正视力（ｂｅｓｔｃｏｒｒｅｃｔｅｄｖｉｓｕａｌａｃｕｉｔｙ,ＢＣＶＡ）、角膜滞后性（ｃｏｒｎｅａｌｈｙｓｔｅｒｅｔｉｅ,ＣＨ）、角膜阻力因数（ｃｏｒｎｅａｌｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅｆａｃｔｏｒ,ＣＲＦ）、Ｇｏｌｄｍａｎｎ相关眼压（ｇｏｌｄｍａｎｎｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｅｄｉｎｔｒａｏｃｕｌａｒｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ,ＩＯＰｇ）、角膜补偿眼压（ｃｏｒｎｅａｌｃｏｍｐｅｎｓａｔｅｄＩＯＰ,ＩＯＰｃｃ）、中央角膜厚度（ｃｅｎｔｒａｌｃｏｒｎｅａｌｔｈｉｃｋｎｅｓｓ,ＣＣＴ）、角膜内皮细胞计数（ｅｎｄｏｔｈｅｌｉａｌｃｅｌｌｃｏｕｎｔ,ＥＣＣ）;术中数据包括累积能量复合参数（ｃｕｍｕｌａｔｉｖｅｄｉｓｓｉｐａｔｅｄｅｎｅｒｇｙ,ＣＤＥ）、手术时间。术后１ｄ、１周、２周、１个月复查,比较两组ＵＣＶＡ、ＢＣＶＡ、ＥＣＣ、ＣＣＴ、ＣＨ、ＩＯＰｇ、ＣＲＦ和ＩＯＰｃｃ。结果　术后１ｄ两组ＣＨ、ＣＲＦ均较术前明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。术后１周,研究组ＣＨ、ＣＲＦ与术前差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）;对照组ＣＨ、ＣＲＦ较术前降低,差异均有统计学意义（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。术后２周,两组ＣＨ、ＣＲＦ均恢复至术前水平（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）;两组ＩＯＰｇ、ＩＯＰｃｃ仍高于术前（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）,而低于术后１周（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）;两组ＣＣＴ恢复至术前水平（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）。术后４周,两组ＣＨ、ＣＲＦ、ＩＯＰｇ、ＩＯＰｃｃ、ＣＣＴ均恢复至术前水平（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）。术前,两组ＣＨ、ＣＲＦ与ＣＣＴ存在正相关性（研究组:ｒ１＝０．４３,ｒ２＝０．５２,对照组:ｒ１＝０．５６,ｒ２＝０．５３;均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。术后１ｄ,两组ＣＨ与ＣＣＴ均无相关性（ｒ１＝０．１３,ｒ２＝０．１０,均为Ｐ＞０．０５）。两组的ＣＲＦ值与ＣＣＴ在不同时相始终存在相关性（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。两组间不同时相的ＣＨ与ＣＲＦ均存在正相关性（均为Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　同轴微切口Ｐｈａｃｏ和标准切口Ｐｈａｃｏ均会改变角膜生物力学特征。同轴微切口Ｐｈａｃｏ比标准切口Ｐｈａｃｏ术后角膜生物力学特征恢复更快。     

正常成人前视路高分辨率弥散张量成像研究

目的：检测健康成人前视路弥散张量成像（DTI）参数,探讨其分布特点及影响因素。方法：系列病例研究。选择2015年11月至2016年5月福州总医院体检中心参加体检的健康成人38例,应用3.0T MRI高分辨率弥散张量成像技术对其前视路进行扫描,测定前视路（左右侧视神经中点、视交叉正中点、左右侧视束中点）的各向异性分数（FA）、表观扩散系数(ADC)值,并用弥散张量纤维束成像（DTT）技术重建前视路纤维束,观察纤维束形态结构。采用Pearson相关性分析、两样本t检验及单因素方差分析对数据进行统计学分析。结果：DTI序列FA图、FA编码彩图及ADC图可分辨前视路的结构,DTT能追踪出具有3D效果的视交叉白质纤维束结构。视交叉中点FA、ADC值分别为0.491±0.075和（1.267±0.204）×10-3/mm2,两者呈负相关（r=-0.642,P < 0.00l）。前视路FA 、ADC值与性别和年龄均无相关性。前视路各部位FA、ADC值总体差异均有统计学意义（F=11.575,P < 0.001;F=5.024,P < 0.001）,其中,视交叉处FA值最小（P < 0.001）,ADC值最大（P < 0.001）。结论：健康成人前视路高分辨率DTI参数FA和ADC值敏感可靠。运用高分辨率DTI技术可满意显示变形较小的前视路纤维束结构,定量分析时应注意前视路不同位置的影响。     

Correlation of the measurements of optical coherence tomography and diffuse tension imaging of optic pathways in amblyopia

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a correlation exists between optical coherence tomography (OCT) of retina and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of the optic pathway measurements. All subjects underwent OCT measurements of optic nerve head, retinal nerve fiber layer, and macula. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of optic pathways were analyzed using DTI. Prechiasmatic FA values were significantly decreased in unilateral amblyopic group in both affected and sound fellow eyes (p = 0.019 and 0.013), but not in bilateral amblyopic group (p = 0.221) when compared with the control group. ADC values were significantly greater in sound eye in unilateral amblyopic group in prechiasmatic and postchiasmatic regions (p = 0.001 and 0.049). ADC values were also significantly greater in bilateral amblyopic group in postchiasmatic region (p = 0.037). There were no significant differences between the affected eye and sound eye side DTI measurements. There was no significant correlation between prechiasmatic DTI and OCT measurements in affected and sound eyes of unilateral amblyopia group. DTI results demonstrated that there is a functional underdevelopment of the anterior and posterior visual pathways in both affected and sound eye of unilateral amblyopic patients. Significantly reduced FA values in prechiasmatic region where OCT values of retina were normal can be explained by possible micro-structural changes.     

磁共振扩散张量及3D-OCT对高眼压症患者视路的初步研究

目的：应用磁共振扩散张量成像(DTI)技术及三维光学相干断层成像(3D-OCT)技术研究高眼压症患者(OHT)视路的微观改变。

方法：纳入我院眼科2016-01/2019-10确诊为双眼OHT的患者26例52眼作为病例组,选取同期年龄、性别均与高眼压组相匹配的健康体检者26例52眼作为对照组。所有受检眼均进行最佳矫正视力检测、中央角膜厚度(CCT)测量、非接触性眼压、视盘3D-OCT扫描检测及视神经、视交叉、视束及视放射DTI检测,OHT患者增加房角镜检查,并对比两组的差异。

结果：OHT组CCT值比正常对照组薄,眼压值较正常对照组增高(均P<0.05)。OHT视盘面积较正常对照组变大,视杯面积增大; 平均青光眼视盘旁神经纤维层(CP-RNFL)厚度、鼻侧RNFL厚度比正常对照组变薄(均P<0.05),上方、下方及颞侧RNFL无差异(均P>0.05)。双侧视神经及视放射的FA值较正常对照组下降(均P<0.05)。两组视交叉、双侧视束FA值、双侧视路ADC值无差异(均P>0.05)。

结论：3D-OCT可以获取CP-RNFL厚度值,视盘的参数; DTI可以重建颅内视觉通路,能早期发现视神经、视交叉、视束、视放射的微观变化。联合3D-OCT及新兴的DTI技术可有效了解OHT患者视路的微观改变,为临床研究高眼压症提供新的思路和研究模式。     

弥散张量成像在急性后部缺血性视神经病变诊断中的应用价值

目的　探讨弥散张量成像（DTI）在急性后部缺血性视神经病变(PION)诊断中的应用价值。 方法　选取30例急性PION患者进行双侧视神经的DTI及视觉诱发电位（VEP）检查,分别测量双眼视神经各向异性分数（FA）、表观扩散系数（ADC）及VEP参数P100潜化期和波幅。采用配对样本t检验对患眼及健眼DTI及VEP参数测量结果进行比较,并采用Pearson分析患眼视神经VEP参数与DTI参数之间的相关性。结果　30例急性PION患者患眼视神经的FA及ADC分别为0.383±0.050、(1596.93±144.07)×10^-6 mm²·s^-1,健眼视神经的FA、ADC分别为0.636±0.080、(1197.80±93.09) ×10^-6 mm²·s^-1;与健眼相比,患眼视神经FA明显下降,ADC升高,差异均有统计学意义（t=-14.53、11.54,均为P<0.01）。患眼与健眼VEP参数P100潜伏期分别为（135.38±7.51）ms、(96.76±6.35）ms,波幅分别为（4.79±1.15）μV、 (10.05±1.45）μV;与健眼相比,患眼VEP参数P100潜伏期明显延长、波幅明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（t=21.67、-15.19,均为P<0.01）。患眼视神经DTI参数FA与VEP参数P100潜伏期呈负相关（r=-0.540, P<0.01）,与P100波幅呈明显正相关（r=0.662,P<0.01）;患眼视神经DTI参数ADC与P100波幅呈明显负相关（r=-0.711,P<0.01）,与P100潜伏期无相关性（r=0.234,P＞0.05）。结论　DTI能够早期发现急性PION患者视神经的弥散障碍,能够为其早期诊断提供影像学依据。     

Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion tensor tractography of human visual pathway

AIM: To investigate the visual pathway in normal subjects and patients with lesion involved by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). METHODS: Thirty normal volunteers, 3 subjects with orbital tumors involved the optic nerve (ON) and 33 subjects with occipital lobe tumors involved the optic radiation (OR) (10 gliomas, 6 meningiomas and 17 cerebral metastases) undertook routine cranium magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), DTI and DTT. Visual pathway fibers were analyzed by DTI and DTT images. Test fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values in different part of the visual pathway. RESULTS: The whole visual pathway but optic chiasm manifested as hyperintensity in FA maps and homogenous green signal in the direction encoded color maps. The optic chiasm did not display clearly. There was no significant difference between the bilateral FA values and MD values of normal visual pathway but optic chiasm, which the FA values tested were much too low(all P＞0.05). The ONs of subjects with orbital tumors were compressed and displaced. Only one subject had lower FA values and higher MD values. OR of 9 gliomas subjects were infiltrated, with displacement in 2 and disruption in 7 subjects. All OR in 6 meniongiomas subjects were displaced. OR in 17 cerebral metastases subjects all developed displacement while 7 of them had disruption also. CONCLUSION: MR-DTI is highly sensitive in manifesting visual pathway. Visual pathway can be analyzed quantitatively in FA and MD values. DTT supplies accurate three dimensional conformations of visual pathway. But optic chiasm’s manifestation still needs to improve.     

Assessment of optic nerve and optic tract alterations in patients with orbital space-occupying lesions using probabilistic diffusion tractography

AIM: To investigate the diffusion changes in both the optic nerve and optic tract in orbital space-occupying lesion patients with decreased visual acuity, and its clinical significance using probabilistic diffusion tractography (PDT). METHODS: Twenty patients with orbital space-occupying lesions and 25 age- and gender-matched healthy persons were included. All patients and controls underwent routine orbital magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), using a 3.0T magnetic resonance scanner (Trio Tim Siemens). After the image data were preprocessed, each DTI parameters of the optic nerve and optic tract was obtained by PDT, including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD). The asymmetry index (AI) of each parameter was calculated. Compared the parameters of the affected side optic nerve and ipsilateral optic tract with the contralateral side by paired sample t-test; compared AI of parameters of optic nerve and optic tract between the patient group and the control group by independent sample t-test. Patients were divided into three subgroups according to the low vision grade standard of WHO, compared the FA and AI of FA between the three subgroups by single factor variance analysis. RESULTS: The affected side optic nerve presented significantly decreased FA, increased MD, AD, and RD values compared to the unaffected side (P<0.05). The AI of FA, MD, AD, and RD of optic nerve in the patients was significantly higher than that of the controls (P<0.05). The comparison results of the optic tract showed that there was no significant difference between the patient group and control group in terms of the bilateral optic tracts in patients (P>0.05). The AIs of the FA value of the optic nerve in the eyesight <0.1 subgroup was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: FA, MD, AD, and RD of the affected side optic nerve of the orbital space-occupying lesions have significantly changed, the FA value is the most sensitive. The PDT could be a useful tool to provide valid quantitative markers of optic nerve injuries and evaluate the severity of orbital diseases, which other examinations cannot be acquired.     

磁共振扩散张量成像在缺血性视神经病变中的应用

目的初步探讨磁共振扩散张量成像（MR-DTI）在缺血性视神经病变的检测价值。方法对18例单侧缺血性视神经病变和20例健康成年人分别行3.0 MR-DTI检测,研究缺血视神经、健侧及对照组视神经的各向异性（FA）、表现扩散系数（ADC）、Trace W、E1、E2、相对各向异性指数（RA）、容积率（VR）值,并进行比较。结果缺血性视神经病变患者FA、ADC、Trace W、E1、E2、RA、VR值分别为0.259±0.057、（1 510±85）×10-6mm2/s、52±10、（1 884±139）×10-6mm2/s、（1 476±302）×10-6mm2/s、0.216±0.049、0.919±0.023。健侧视神经相应DTI参数值分别为0.574±0.018、（1 025±67）×10-6mm2/s、67±8、（1 661±103）×10-6mm2/s、（962±182）×10-6mm2/s、0.548±0.026、0.624±0.030。正常成人视神经相应DTI参数值分别为0.585±0.020、（935±133）×10-6mm2/s、69±15、（1 654±157）×10-6mm2/s、（752±118）×10-6mm2/s、0.561±0.026、0.617±0.048。患侧视神经与健侧、对照组视神经相比,ADC、E2、VR值升高,FA值、RA值均降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。患侧视神经平均Trace W值与健侧（P=0.003）、对照组视神经（P=0.005）相比均升高,差异有统计学意义。患侧视神经E1值较健侧、对照组视神经升高,差异均有统计学意义（P=0.001）。结论MR-DTI可以作为缺血性视神经病变敏感、可靠的检测方法。     

Diffusion tensor imaging of visual pathways in patients with acute and chronic optic neuritis

AIM: To investigate diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) evaluations of visual pathways in patients with acute and chronic optic neuritis (ON), and investigate the correlations between visual disability, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) and diffusion index changes. METHODS: We performed DTI in 26 patients and 13 healthy controls. Patients had acute ON in 17 eyes, chronic ON in 20 eyes and 15 unaffected eyes. In all participants, the visual afferent system was evaluated with neuro-ophthalmological examinations, optical coherence tomography (OCT), visual evoked potential (VEP), orbital and cranial MRI. RESULTS: Fractional anisotropy (FA) in the optic nerves was lower in patients with acute ON and chronic ON than controls (P=0.28). Mean diffusivity (MD) in the optic nerves, was higher in patients with acute and chronic ON than the unaffected eyes of patients and controls (P<0.01). Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, P100 amplitude and latency and visual acuity (VA) were significantly different between patient and control groups (P<0.01). Optic chiasm MD values were higher in the patient group compared to the control group (P=0.011). FA and MD measured in the optic tracts significantly were different between groups (P=0.032, P=0.013, respectively). In the correlation analysis, fractional anisotropy in the optic nerves was correlated with P100 latency in acute ON (P=0.021). Mean diffusivity was correlated with RNFLT, visual acuity and P100 latency (P<0.05). Fractional anisotropy was correlated with mean diffusivity and visual acuity, and, mean diffusivity was correlated with P100 amplitude and RNLF thickness in chronic ON (P<0.05). Reduction in visual acuity was correlated with increase in mean diffusivity and decrease in fractional anisotropy (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: DTI can demonstrate abnormalities in a tissue that appears normal in orbital MRI. Our results suggested that DTI derived measurements correlate with visual disability and tissue injury and therefore they are important from a clinical point of view and also in understanding the pathological processes.     

屈光不正性弱视儿童白质结构变化的扩散张量成像(DTI)分析

目的 应用扩散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)技术和确定性追踪全脑分析法评估双眼屈光不正弱视儿童脑白质神经纤维结构的异常,并分析其与视力的相关性.方法 收集中南大学湘雅二医院眼科14例临床确诊双眼屈光不正性弱视患儿为试验组,14例正常儿童为对照组.所有儿童均采用磁共振成像系统进行扫描,行常规MRI检查、3DTlWI扫描,及平面回波序列(EPI)扫描得到扩散加权成像.运用确定性追踪法对所有DTI图像进行定量分析,将研究组部分各向异性(fractional anisotropy,FA)值、纤维束体积及纤维束数目显著改变的纤维束作为感兴趣区,与视力之间作相关性分析.结果 试验组相比对照组在右侧腹侧通路和背侧通路、右侧视辐射及胼胝体FA值下降,双侧腹侧通路和背侧通路、左侧视辐射、胼胝体体部纤维束体积相比对照组下降,右侧背侧通路纤维束数目相比对照组减少.FA值、纤维束数目和纤维束体积之间,FA值与视力的回归系数最大,纤维束数目和纤维束体积回归系数小,右侧视辐射、右侧腹侧通路及胼胝体体部的FA值与视力的相关系数分别为0.486、0.534和0.456,右侧腹侧通路FA值与视力的相关系数最大.结论 屈光不正性弱视患者双侧视辐射、双侧腹侧背侧通路及胼胝体体部白质纤维束结构均有异常,可导致屈光不正弱视患者物体识别、空间位置及运动识别能力减退.右侧腹侧通路FA值对视力的影响最大.     

Association of magnetic resonance imaging of anterior optic pathway with glaucomatous visual field damage and optic disc cupping

PURPOSE: To investigate the association of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of anterior optic pathway with glaucomatous visual field damage and optic disc cupping. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty-three healthy volunteers (controls) and 31 glaucoma patients (14 with primary open angle glaucoma and 17 with normal tension glaucoma) were enrolled. All the participants showed no abnormal signs in their intracranial space and optic tract causing optic nerve atrophy and visual field defect, as confirmed by MRI. Multislice T1-weighted spin-echo imaging was performed in the sagittal plane followed by the coronal plane. MRI enabled the evaluation of the diameter of the optic nerve located in the retro-bulb space and the height of the optic chiasm in an observer-masked fashion. The MRI data were compared with the mean deviation (MD) score of the full threshold static visual field test and the optic cup-disc ratio (C/D ratio). RESULTS: The optic nerve diameter was significantly smaller in glaucoma patients (2.25 +/- 0.33 mm) than in controls (2.47 +/- 0.24 mm) and the height of the optic chiasm was significantly shorter in glaucoma patients (2.12 +/- 0.37 mm) than in controls (2.77 +/- 0.36 mm). The optic nerve diameter showed significant correlation with MD score (r = 0.547, P = 0.001) and C/D ratio (r = 0.407, P = 0.009). These correlations are similar to that between MD score and C/D ratio (r = 0.490, P = 0.001). The height of the optic chiasm showed significant correlation with MD score (r = 0.503, P = 0.01) and low correlation with C/D ratio (r = 0.339, P = 0.113). CONCLUSION: Glaucoma affects the anterior visual pathway anterogradely at least up to the optic chiasm, and these morphologic changes in the anterior visual pathway are correlated with glaucomatous optic nerve damage. MRI of the anterior visual pathway may be a good tool for evaluating glaucomatous damage objectively.