蜂胶体外抑菌活性的研究

[目的]探讨蜂胶对6种常见皮肤致病菌苏云杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、藤黄微球菌、白色葡萄球菌、奇异变形杆菌的抑菌效果。[方法]采用琼脂平板扩散法,6种受试菌株分别接种到不同的板上,每块板设置4种不同的浓度及对照组,12 h后观察蜂胶对各致病菌的抑菌圈大小,评价蜂胶对各致病菌的敏感程度及抑菌活性。[结果]不同浓度下,蜂胶对同一种受试菌株的敏感程度不同,抑菌圈大小不同;随着浓度的减小,抑菌圈逐渐减小,抑菌活性减弱。在同一浓度下,蜂胶浓度为10%-20%时,蜂胶对各受试菌株均表现出较高的抑菌活性;蜂胶对各受试菌株抑菌的强弱顺序为:枯草芽孢杆菌>苏云杆菌>藤黄微球菌>奇异变形杆菌>白色葡萄球菌>大肠杆菌。[结论]蜂胶对6种常见致病菌有不同程度的抑菌作用,对苏云杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌有很强的抑菌作用,为作为外用药等提供依据。     

Effects of propolis on fracture healing: an experimental study

Propolis is a substance of honeybee origin with known antioxidant effects. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of propolis on fracture healing and the antioxidant system in an experimental setting. Thirty‐two rats that underwent experimental femur fracture and then fixation were randomly allocated in one of four groups: two control groups (Control‐3w and Control‐6w) and two treatment groups (Propolis‐3w and Propolis‐6w). Treatment groups received propolis until killing (at 3 or 6 weeks). X‐ray, histological, bone mineral density measurement findings and endogenous antioxidant levels were examined. The bone mineral density was higher, radiological and histological evaluation scores were better, and superoxide dismutase, total glutathione and myeloperoxidase levels were lower among the rats that received oral propolis treatment compared with the controls. In addition, bone mineral density and histological assessment scores showed time‐dependent improvement in the treatment group. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that propolis has some time‐dependent beneficial effects on fracture healing. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

鬼臼类植物化学成分和生物活性研究进展

鬼臼类植物隶属于小檗科桃儿七属、山荷叶属、八角莲属及足叶草属4个属,在我国已有悠久的药用历史.鬼臼类植物主要活性成分为木脂素类和黄酮类,具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗辐射、抗氧化等生物活性.就鬼臼类植物的化学成分及其生物活性的研究概况进行综述,为鬼臼类植物的研究和开发提供参考.     

蜂胶对大鼠佐剂性关节炎的作用及其机制的研究

 目的观察蜂胶液对佐剂性关节炎的作用及其机制。方法采用大鼠佐剂性关节炎模型进行观察比较蜂胶水提液和蜂胶醇提液的抗炎免疫作用。结果蜂胶醇提液和水提液均能够减轻局部组织的炎症反应,抑制足跖肿胀。通过测定大鼠关节炎渗出液中IFN-γ,IL-2,PGF₂和IL-6含量,发现蜂胶液对IL-6和PGE₂的产生有显著的抑制作用,而对IL-2和IFN-γ无明显影响。结论蜂胶具有良好的抗炎作用,其作用机制可能是通过抑制单核巨嗜细胞的活化和分化发挥抗炎作用。     

蜂胶的抗氧化活性及其分子机制研究进展

蜂胶是蜜蜂工蜂采集的植物树脂与其上颚腺、蜡腺等的分泌物混合而成的胶黏性物质,具有广泛的药理活性及保健功能。蜂胶的抗氧化活性一直被认为是蜂胶最重要的生物活性之一。该文针对不同地理来源、不同提取方法获得的蜂胶提取物以及蜂胶中几种重要单体活性成分的抗氧化活性方面的研究进展进行了综述,并总结了蜂胶及其单体成分发挥抗氧化活性的可能存在的分子机制,旨在为更深入地研究蜂胶的药理活性提供思路,同时也为蜂胶产品的深度开发提供参考。     

Hepatoprotective effects of propolis extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats

The effects of an ethanolic extract of Cuban red propolis were examined using the model of acute hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCL₄) in rats. Propolis extract at doses of 5, 10 and 25 mg/kg i.p. decreased significantly the activity of alanine aminotransferase and the concentration of malondialdehyde in rat serum as well as the concentration of triglycerides in liver which were increased in CCI₄-treated animals. An ethanol extract of red propolis also reduced liver damage induced by CCI₄ in rats. This effect was observed by electron microscopy. According to our results it is concluded that ethanolic extract of red propolis exerts hepatoprotective effects in this experimental model which are probably caused by antioxidative properties (e.g. scavenging action against oxygen radicals) of this extract.     

Hepatoprotective effects of propolis extract on paracetamol-induced liver damage in mice

The effects of propolis extract were studied in a model of acute hepatotoxicity induced by a high oral dose (600 mg/kg) of paracetamol in mice. Propolis at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg i.p. decreased significantly the activity of alanine aminotransierase in serum, which was increased by paracetamol alone and increased the concentration of reduced glutathione in mouse liver, which is depleted by paracetamol. Propolis extract also reduced liver damage induced by paracetamol in mice, which was observed by optical and electron microscopy. The hepatoprotective effects of propolis were produced when administered 30 min before paracetamol or 2 h after it. It is concluded that propolis exerts some effects which resemble those of N-acetylcysteine, the well-known antidote of paracetamol.     

In vivo study of propolis supplementation effects on antioxidative status and red blood cells

In vivo study has been conducted on 47 healthy women and men in order to investigate whether daily intake of powdered propolis extract during 30 days has any influence on the following blood parameters: activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase, concentration of plasma malondialdehyde, total cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, uric acid, ferritin and transferrin, together with routine red blood cell parameters.

The effect of daily propolis intake seems to be time and gender related. For the men test group after the initial 15 days of propolis treatment, 23.2% (p = 0.005) decrease in concentration of malondialdehyde was observed. After 30 days of treatment, statistically significant (p = 0.010) 20.9% increase in superoxide dismutase activity and change in some of the red blood cell parameters were detected. For the women test group, the propolis treatment did not induce a change in any of the measured parameters.     

纳豆激酶分离纯化及体外溶栓和溶血作用研究

 目的研究纳豆纤溶酶体外溶栓和溶血作用。方法体外溶栓和溶血实验方法。结果纳豆激酶粗酶(NKc)体外溶栓作用显著,高剂量(2836U)和低剂量(1418U)作用血凝块6h后,溶解率分别为88%和74%,蚓激酶(150000U)为87%;溶血实验结果表明,NKc有溶血作用。结论NKc有溶栓和溶血作用。     

蜂胶预防大鼠急性肺损伤的作用及其机制

 目的　观察蜂胶对油酸加脂多糖(LPS)两次打击大鼠诱导急性肺损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法　40只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组(给予地塞米松)、蜂胶水提组和蜂胶醇提组,每组8只,尾静脉注入油酸4h后用LPS实施第二次打击。通过白细胞分类计数、计算肺指数、常规镜检病理切片以及通过免疫组化及原位杂交观察对CD54 ,NF-κBp65活性及表达的影响。结果　蜂胶醇提液能明显对抗肺水肿,蜂胶水提液和醇提液均能对抗中性粒细胞的升高,明显改变肺炎症病变的病理状态,明显抑制NF -κBp65的表达及活化。结论　抑制NF-κBp65的活化活性,是蜂胶发挥抗炎作用的分子机制之一。     

蜂胶对糖脂代谢的调节作用及机制研究进展

蜂胶具有广泛的生物学活性和药理学活性。论述了蜂胶对高脂血症及糖尿病的防治作用及调节糖、脂代谢的作用机制,以期为蜂胶在高脂血症及糖尿病防治领域的进一步研究和开发利用提供参考。     

The chemical composition and events related to the cytotoxic effects of propolis on osteosarcoma cells: A comparative assessment of Colombian samples

Osteosarcoma (OSA) is a type of bone cancer showing an aggressive biological behavior with metastatic progression. Because propolis potential for the development of new antitumoral drugs has been indicated, we evaluated the chemical composition of Colombian propolis samples and the mechanisms involved in their cytotoxic effects on OSA cells. The chemical composition was analyzed by GC–MS and the DPPH free radical scavenging activity was measured. Cluster and principal components analysis were used to establish an association with their inhibitory concentration 50% (IC₅₀). Cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay; apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry; mitochondrial membrane permeability and reactive oxygen species were evaluated by rhodamine 123 and DCFH‐DA. Transwell assay was used to evaluate the invasiveness of propolis‐treated cells. Samples were grouped: Cluster 1 contained diterpenes and benzophenones and showed the highest antiradical activity; Cluster 2 was characterized by triterpenes, fatty acid, and diterpenes. Usm contained diterpenes and triterpenes different of the other samples and Sil contained triterpenes and flavonoids. Apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane alteration, and suppression of cell invasion were the main mechanisms involved in the inhibition of OSA cells in vitro, suggesting the potential of Colombian propolis to discover new antitumor drugs.     

蜂胶抗炎活性及其分子机制研究进展

蜂胶是一种具有广泛药理学活性的蜂产品.虽然不同地区、不同来源的蜂胶成分差异很大,但各种蜂胶所具有的生物学活性基本类似.就国内外蜂胶及其单体活性成分的抗炎作用及其分子机制进行综述,旨在为蜂胶生物学活性的基础性研究提供思路,并为蜂胶产品的标准化提供参考.     

八正合剂体外抗菌及对动物的解热抗炎作用

目的 探讨八正合剂治疗泌尿系统感染性疾病的作用机制。方法 采用ig给药观察八正合剂对大鼠尿量和角叉菜胶致大鼠发热的影响。及巴豆油致小鼠耳部肿胀和0.6%醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高的影响。并用二倍稀释法观察该药对泌尿系8种常见致病菌的体外抑菌作用。结果 八正合剂可明显增加大鼠尿量，减轻角叉菜胶所致大鼠体温升高，巴豆油所致小鼠耳部炎性肿胀和醋酸所致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高，对大肠杆菌等常见致病菌也有一定抑制作用。结论 八正合剂对泌尿系感染的病因治疗机制主要在于清除尿路致病菌，同时该药还可缓解感染后多种炎性反应症状。     

丹参素微囊的喷雾干燥法制备及其体外释药的研究

目的 采用喷雾干燥法制备丹参素微囊.方法 以包封率为指标,比较不同囊材的包封情况;以微囊产率为指标,采用二次回归通用旋转组和设计确定喷雾干燥条件;对制备的微囊进行体外释药研究.结果 以PVA作为囊材,囊材与药物比例为3:1,喷雾干燥条件为进风温度190℃,蠕动泵进样速率36 r/min,微囊包封率为85.0%,产率为56.1%,70%以上微囊粒径在6～12 μm.结论 制备丹参素微囊工艺合理,产品具有一定的缓释效果.     

蜂蜜、蜂胶对大鼠皮肤溃疡创面愈合的影响

[目的]研究蜂蜜、蜂胶外用对皮肤溃疡模型大鼠创面愈合的影响。[方法]采用2.5 mol/L NaOH外涂建立大鼠皮肤溃疡模型。观察蜂蜜、蜂胶外用对溃疡创面愈合时间的影响,观察创面皮肤组织学变化,检测大鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)的含量。[结果]蜂蜜、蜂胶外用能明显缩短创面愈合时间(P<0.05或P<0.01);能显著提高大鼠血清中SOD含量(P<0.05或P<0.01);能降低血清中MDA含量(P>0.05)。[结论]蜂蜜、蜂胶外用能够促进皮肤溃疡创面愈合。     

重组人生长激素聚乙交酯-丙交酯微球体外释放度研究

 目的 研究重组人生长激素(rhGH)聚乙交酯-丙交酯共聚物微球体外释放规律,并考察附加剂对药物释放的影响。方法 以分子排阻色谱法测定34 d释放液中rhGH含量。考察①不同有机溶剂;②不同比例PLGA;③外水相中加入缓冲盐;④内水相中加入乳化剂;⑤rhGH投入量不同对微球释放的影响。结果制备载生长激素聚乙交酯-丙交酯(PLCA)微球时,采用醋酸乙酯或二氯甲烷做溶剂对微球中药物释放没有显著性影响;采用不同比例PLGA对微球释放有显著性影响,其中以乙交酯:丙交酯=75:25比例的PLGA累积释放量最高;外水相中加入缓冲盐,内水相中加入乳化剂使累积释药量降低;随着生长激素投药量的增加,累积释药量增加。结论 重组人生长激素聚乙交酯-丙交酯共聚物微球体外释放有显著的长效作用,释放速度受到前面5种因素的影响。     

人成骨细胞的离体培养和鉴定

目的:建立人成骨细胞离体培养技术。方法:取健康儿童骨科手术时髂骨松质骨,采用蛋白酶分次消化法分离成骨细胞,采用形态学和碱性磷酸酶染色和定量测定鉴定。结果:实验中得到的人成骨细胞纯度高,性状良好。结论:蛋白酶分次消化法处理人髂骨松质骨可以得到纯度高、性状好的成骨细胞。     

The evaluation of the radioprotective effect of chyavanaprasha (an ayurvedic rasayana drug) in mice exposed to lethal dose of gamma-radiation: a preliminary study

The effect of various doses of 50% ethanolic extract of chyavanaprasha (an Ayurvedic rejuvenating herbal preparation) was studied on the survival of mice exposed to 10 Gy of gamma-radiation. Treatment with chyavanaprasha, consecutively for fi ve days before irradiation, delayed symptoms of radiation sickness and onset of mortality when compared with the non-drug treated irradiated controls. All doses of chyavanaprasha provided a significant protection against gastrointestinal (GI) death (death of animals within 10 days after exposure to radiation), however, highest protection against GI death was observed for 15 mg/kg chyavanaprasha. Chyavanaprasha also provided a significant protection against the bone marrow death after 10 to 40 mg/kg. However, the best protection was seen for 15 mg/kg, where the highest number of survivors was observed at the end of 30 days post-irradiation. The drug was non-toxic up to a dose of 6 g/kg b. wt., the highest drug dose that could be tested. Our study demonstrates that chyavanaprasha can provide good radioprotection at a very low non-toxic dose.