腺病毒介导的IL—2基因及B7—1基因联合转染G422细胞致瘤原性和免疫原性的变化

目的研究联合细胞因子基因转染的D422胶质母细胞瘤细胞体内致瘤原性和免疫原性的变化,为胶质瘤的免疫基因治疗打下基础.方法IL-2基因和B7-1基因转染的G422细胞1×105皮下和脑内接种,观察肿瘤生长速度和荷瘤小鼠的存活期,2周取脾脏,检测NK、LAK和CTL的杀伤活性.结果IL-2和B7-1基因联合转染的G422细胞,皮下接种后肿瘤生长明显减慢,脑内接种动物存活期明显延长,NK、LAK和CTL的杀伤活性增强.结论IL-2基因和B7-1基因联合转染的G422细胞,致瘤原性下降,免疫原性增强,能有效激活机体特异性与非特异性抗肿瘤免疫反应.     

腺病毒介导IL-2基因转染的瘤苗体内抗肿瘤作用

目的 :探讨重组腺病毒介导的 IL- 2基因转染的瘤苗的体内抗肿瘤作用及其免疫学机制。方法 :应用腺病毒介导的鼠 IL- 2基因转染 CT2 6小鼠结肠癌细胞 ,灭活后用作瘤苗治疗荷瘤小鼠 ,观察皮下肿瘤生长及其存活期。采用乳酸脱氢酶释放法检测荷瘤小鼠脾细胞 CTL、L AK、NK细胞的杀伤活性。结果 :鼠 IL- 2基因转染瘤苗治疗能显著抑制荷瘤小鼠皮下肿瘤生长并明显延长其存活期 (P<0 .0 1)。体内免疫功能检测表明 ,鼠 IL- 2基因转染疫苗治疗组小鼠脾细胞 CTL 活性、L AK活性和 NK活性显著高于对照组 (P<0 .0 1)。结论 :腺病毒介导鼠 IL- 2基因转染的瘤苗体内具有较强的抗肿瘤效应 ,其机制可能是提高了荷瘤小鼠特异性和非特异性抗肿瘤免疫反应     

A combination of flk1-based DNA vaccine and an immunomodulatory gene (IL-12) in the treatment of murine cancer

AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the antivasculature effects and the antitumor effects of combining attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vaccine strain encoding murine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-2 (flk1) with plasmid DNA vector encoding the murine IL-12 (mIL-12) gene. METHODS: Mouse models of Gl261 glioblastoma were treated with combining orally given attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vaccine strain encoding flk1 with direct intratumoral injection of a nonviral plasmid DNA vector encoding the murine IL-12 (mIL-12) gene. The volumes of tumors were observed. Cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) response was measured by a 4-hour 51Cr release assay, vessle density and tumor cell proliferation were observed by immunostaining, and tumor apoptosis was determined by TUNEL staining. RESULTS: Compared to mice receiving single agent therapy, received either oral immunization flk1-based vaccine only or the therapeutic gene-IL-12 plasmid DNA only or those in the control group, the combination therapy groups developed a strong CTL response and showed more significantly inhibited tumor growth, apoptosis of tumor cells, and reduced neovascularization and cell proliferation in these mice. CONCLUSIONS: The therapy of attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vaccine strain encoding flk1 combined with the interleukin-12 gene has significant synergistic effect against tumors.     

IL-2基因修饰的细胞毒 T淋巴细胞抗肿瘤效应的研究

目的：了解IL－2基因修饰的细胞毒T淋巴细胞（cytotoxic T lymphocytes,CTL)的增殖和杀伤活性,探索细胞因子基因疗法及被动免疫治疗脑胶质瘤的新途径。方法：用昆明种小鼠的脾细胞体外诱导CTL,用腺病毒载体转染IL－2基因,观察其体外增殖活性和样伤活性,再用G422小鼠胶质母细胞瘤细胞建立肺转移瘤模型,36h后经过继回输,2周后计数肺的肿瘤结节,观察IL－2基因转染的CTL对实验性肺转移瘤的治疗作用。结果：重组腺病毒载体在MOI（multipliciy of infection)为100时,转染率达96．8％,IL－2基因修饰CTL增殖活性、IL－2的分泌（248u)和体外杀伤活性（36．4％）明显增强,对实验性肺转移瘤的治疗作用都显著增强,肺转移结节数（28）显著减少（P＜0．01）。结论：IL－2基因转染的CTL过继回输,可直接杀伤和诱导激活机体抗肿瘤免疫反应,使体内抗肿瘤效果显著增强,有效抑制实验性肺转移瘤的生长,为胶质瘤的过继免疫治疗提供了新的思路和实验依据。     

联合自杀基因与IL-2基因转移疗法的抗肿瘤效果及其抗肿瘤免疫应答的诱导作用

单用自杀基因疗法或单用细胞因子基因疗法抗肿瘤效果不理想,本研究中我们观察了大肠杆菌胞嘧啶脱胺酶(CD)基因与白细胞介素2(IL-2)基因联合转移对荷瘤小鼠的治疗效果及其对抗肿瘤免疫的诱导作用。复制荷瘤小鼠模型后在荷瘤部位注射表达CD基因的重组腺病毒(AdCD)及表达小鼠IL-2基因的重组腺病毒(AdIL2),并连续10天、每天1次腹腔注射5氟胞嘧啶(5FC)对荷瘤小鼠进行治疗。结果表明,AdCD/5FC/AdIL2联合基因治疗能显著抑制荷瘤小鼠皮下肿瘤的生长,并明显延长其生存期(P<0.01)。联合基因治疗组小鼠肿瘤细胞发生明显的坏死,瘤内及瘤周有大量的炎性细胞浸润,瘤内CD4~ 和CD8~ T细胞明显增加,脾细胞NK和CIL杀伤活性明显高于单用AdCD/5FC、对照病毒AdLacZ/5FC或PBS组。实验结果表明,联合应用自杀基因与细胞因子基因治疗可更有效诱导机体的抗肿瘤免疫反应,从而更显著地抑制荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长。     

IL-2和IL-12基因联合治疗小鼠头颈鳞癌的实验研究

目的观察白细胞介素-2(IL-2)基因与白细胞介素-12(IL-12)基因联合治疗小鼠头颈鳞癌的疗效. 方法建立小鼠头颈鳞癌动物模型,在荷瘤部位将脂质体包裹的IL-2基因和IL-12基因直接注入肿瘤中,观察肿瘤大小变化,并检测此两种基因在肿瘤细胞中的蛋白表达情况、小鼠脾脏自然杀伤细胞(NK)和细胞毒T淋巴细胞(CTL)活性. 结果 IL-2基因和IL-12基因联合治疗组,肿瘤生长明显受抑制,疗效显著优于单独治疗组和对照组(P<0.01).在注射有IL-2、IL-12基因的肿瘤组织中,其相对应的IL-2、IL- 12蛋白水平明显升高,小鼠脾细胞NK活性和CTL杀伤活性增强. 结论 IL-2、IL-12基因治疗可抑制小鼠头颈鳞癌生长,提高机体的抗肿瘤免疫应答.二者联合应用,可产生协同效应并加强其抗肿瘤效果.     

白介素12基因修饰的树突细胞疫苗治疗自发性转移性肺癌

背景与目的:对转移性肺癌的治疗已进行了大量研究,但仍缺乏有效的治疗方法。本研究目的是探讨白介素12(IL-12)基因修饰的树突细胞(DC)疫苗对自发性转移性肺癌的治疗作用。方法:小鼠足垫注射3LLLewis肺癌细胞,建立自发性转移性肺癌模型,经IL-12基因修饰、3LL特异抗原多肽Mut1体外致敏DC疫苗(DC-IL-12/Mut1)皮下免疫2次,观察荷瘤鼠肺重量、肺表面转移结节数量、存活期及相应免疫指标的变化,组间差异行t检验,生存期行时序检验。结果:与对照组(DC-LacZ/Mut1)相比,DC-IL-12/Mut1组肺重量轻、肺表面转移结节数量少、存活期长(P<0.01),细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)活性和NK活性增强(P<0.01)。结论:IL-12基因修饰的DC疫苗对自发性转移性肺癌有明显的治疗作用,其可能机理是诱导特异性CTL和增强NK活性。     

INDUCTION OF IMMUNE RESPONSE BY IL-6 GENEMODIFIED LEUKEMIA CELLS

ＩＮＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＩＭＭＵＮＥＲＥＳＰＯＮＳＥＢＹＩＬ６ＧＥＮＥＭＯＤＩＦＩＥＤＬＥＵＫＥＭＩＡＣＥＬＬＳＣａｏＸｕｅｔａｏ曹雪涛ＧｅＬｉｎｇｆｕ葛林阜ＪｕＤｉａｎＷｅｎ鞠佃文ＹｕＹｉｚｈｉ于益芝ＴａｏＱｕｎ陶群ＺｈａｎｇＷｅｉｐｉｎｇ章卫...     

腹腔内注射IL-2重组腺病毒、IL-3重组腺病毒增强化疗药物抗白血病作用的研究

对实验性白血病小鼠模型大剂量化疗后,直接腹腔注射IL-2重组腺病毒(Ad-IL-2)和/或IL-3重组腺病毒(Ad-IL-3),发现腹腔注射对照腺病毒载体小鼠虽经大剂量化疗,仍有大量白血病细胞浸润至骨髓、血管、肝脏及脾脏。而腹腔注射Ad-IL-2或Ad-IL-3组小鼠肿瘤生长缓慢,注射Ad-IL-2组小鼠脾NK、CTL活性显著提高,注射Ad-IL-3组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞数量及杀伤活性明显提高,联合应用Ad-IL-2,Ad-IL-3组小鼠抗白血病作用最为明显,骨髓中虽然仍见白血病细胞,但可见较多正常造血细胞,且肝、脾中未见白血病细胞浸润。表明腹腔内注射Ad-IL-2和Ad-IL-3可显著增强大剂量化疗对白血病的治疗效果。     

IL-12瘤苗与131I-1E2 协同抗瘤作用研究

目的:建立稳定表达IL- 12的小鼠Lewis肺癌瘤苗LLC/mIL-12;评估尾静脉注射131I- 1E2（131I 标记抗肺癌单克隆抗体1E2）抑瘤效果及LLC/mIL-12对131I- 1E2 靶向治疗增效作用。方法:制备LLC/mIL-12;Na131I 标记1E2;建立C57BL/6 小鼠移植瘤模型,比较单纯尾静脉注射131I- 1E2 或联合瘤内注射LLC/mIL-12时131I- 1E2 在小鼠体内分布。成瘤小鼠随机分组,为GT、LLC/mIL-12）、RIT（Radioimmunotherapy,放射免疫治疗）、PBS 和GT+RIT组,治疗后测量肿瘤体积及重量,计算抑瘤率,检测CTL 和NK活性。结果:131I- 1E2 能有效靶向肿瘤组织,尤其联合LLC/mIL-12。与单用GT或RIT 比较,GT+RIT能有效地上调IL- 12表达、抑制肿瘤生长,GT及联合组有大量CD4+、CD8+淋巴细胞浸润,NK和CTL 细胞活性增强。联合组131I- 1E2 更多积聚在肿瘤组织。结论:131I- 1E2 明显抑制肿瘤生长,具有潜在的临床应用价值,有可能成为新的肿瘤靶向治疗药物。      

联合IL-2基因和B7-1基因转染G422细胞体外生物学特性

目的　通过研究联合基因转染后胶质母细胞瘤G42 2细胞生物学特性的变化 ,探讨脑胶质瘤细胞因子基因治疗的新途径。方法　通过重组腺病毒作载体 ,将IL 2基因和B7 1基因转染至小鼠G42 2细胞 ,通过CTLL 2细胞增殖的MTT法检测IL 2的分泌水平 ,FACS检测B7 1和ICAM 1的表达 ,MTT法检测转基因后G42 2细胞的增殖活性 ,双层琼脂糖培养法检测其克隆形成能力。结果　IL 2基因转染 4小时后即可检测到IL 2的分泌 ,2 4小时达高峰 ( 4 83U/ml) ,一周时表达明显下降 ,B7 1高表达 ,ICAM 1表达增加 ,增殖能力和克隆形成能力无变化。结论　重组腺病毒作载体 ,IL 2基因及B7 1基因共转染G42 2细胞 ,能得到目的基因的高效表达 ,同时促进了粘附分子ICAM 1的表达 ,体外增殖活性不受影响。     

AK细胞及环磷酰胺治疗肝癌的实验研究

为研究１ 种新的过继免疫化疗治疗肝癌的方法,采用肝癌细胞株Ｈ２２ 接种于近交系Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ 小鼠皮下,制成肿瘤模型。使用ＩＬ２ 、肿瘤活化的杀伤细胞（ＡＫ细胞）及环磷酰胺（Ｃｙ） 进行治疗,检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞ＮＫ、ＬＡＫ及ＣＴＬ 活性,用流式细胞仪检测Ｌ３Ｔ４ 亚群及Ｌｙｔ２ 亚群含量。结果表明在过继免疫化疗组小鼠ＬＡＫ 及ＣＴＬ活性明显高于其它治疗组（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）,荷瘤小鼠肿瘤结节生长较ＩＬ２ 组及Ｃｙ 组明显缓慢（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）,生存期也明显高于其它各治疗组（Ｐ＜０ ．０１）。该研究表明过继免疫化疗有较强的抗肿瘤作用。     

Correlation between reduced p21(WAF1/CIP1) expression and abnormal p53 expression in esophageal carcinomas

Direct gene transfer into somatic tissue iii vivo is a developing technology with potential application for cancer gene therapy. In this study, recombinant vaccinia virus encoding human IL-2 gene (rVV-IL-2) was used as a candidate vector in mediating iii vivo gene therapy. After rVV-IL-2 was expanded in VERO cells for 72 h, high titer (10(8)-10(10) PFU/ml) rVV-IL-2 were harvested. When 10(6) murine melanoma cells (F16-F10) were infected with rVV-IL-2, about 200 U/ml IL-2 activity was detected in the supernatants at 8 h, and the up-regulation of ICAM-1 and MHC-I expressions on the melanoma cells were observed. The treatment of murine melanoma model by local injection of rVV-IL-2 into the tumor site showed that rVV-IL-2 transfection significantly inhibited the tumor growth and prolonged the survival time of tumor-bearing mice. The splenocytes from rVV-IL-2 treated mice showed higher cytotoxicities of NK, LAK and CTL in comparison with those from the controls. These results suggest that in vivo transfection mediated by rVV-IL-2 has potential effectiveness in enhancing host immunity and would be a useful approach to cancer gene therapy.     

白细胞介素2质粒复合物治疗后小鼠肝癌的组织学变化

目的 探讨瘤体内直接注射白细胞介素2质粒／阳离子脂质体复合物治疗小鼠肝癌的效果和机制。方法 将小鼠白介素2表达质粒（VR1110）与阳离子脂质体（Transfectam)按适当比例混合而形成复合物（VR1110／Transfectam)。通过瘤体内接注射此复合物治疗小鼠肝癌模型,观察治疗后肿瘤积变化、组织学变化及表达情况。结果 瘤体内注射VR1110／Transfectam后,可在肿瘤组织中检测到小鼠IL－2mRNA的表达。VR1110／与Tansfectam治疗组肿瘤生长较其它对照组明显减慢,第1次治疗后第12天肿瘤体积明显小于其它组（P＜0．05）。治疗组小鼠均可见肿瘤组织大量坏死,炎性细胞浸润,及CD4^ 、CD8 淋巴细胞。结论 瘤体内直接注射VR1110／Transfectam复合物对小鼠肝癌的治疗作用明显,增强了小鼠机体对肝癌细胞的免疫学反应。     

Tumor irradiation followed by intratumoral cytokine gene therapy for murine renal adenocarcinoma

To circumvent the toxicity caused by systemic injection of cytokines, cytokine cDNA genes encoding the human interleukin IL-2 cDNA (Ad-IL-2) and murine interferon IFN-gamma gene (Ad- IFN-gamma) were inserted into adenoviral vectors. These constructs were used for intratumoral gene therapy of murine renal adenocarcinoma Renca tumors. Treatment with three doses of Ad-IL-2 or Ad- IFN-gamma, given a day apart, was more effective than single-dose gene therapy. We found that tumor irradiation enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of Ad-IL-2 and Ad-IFN-gamma intratumoral gene therapy. Tumor irradiation, administered 1 day prior to three doses of Ad-IL-2 treatment, was more effective than radiation or Ad-IL-2 alone, resulting in tumor growth arrest in all mice, increased survival and a consistent increase in complete tumor regression response rate. Complete responders rejected Renca tumor challenge and demonstrated specific cytotoxic T-cell activity, indicative of specific tumor immunity. The effect of radiation combined with three doses of Ad-IFN-gamma was less pronounced and did not lead to tumor immunity. Histological observations showed that irradiation of the tumor prior to gene therapy increased tumor destruction and inflammatory infiltrates in the tumor nodules. These findings demonstrate that tumor irradiation improves the efficacy of Ad-IL-2 gene therapy for induction of antitumor immune response.     

腺病毒介导的人GM-CSF基因转染瘤苗增强机体免疫功能的实验研究

目的 研究腺病毒介导的人ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ基因转染瘤苗体内抗肿瘤免疫作用极其机理。方法 应用ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ基因转染、的瘤苗对小鼠肝癌模型进行免疫基因治疗,观察该疗法对荷瘤小鼠脾细胞ＮＫ、ＬＡＫ、ＣＴＬ活性的影响、脾淋巴细胞围化反应的影响以及荷瘤习的生存期。结果 经ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ基因转染瘤苗治疗后,插细胞ＣＴＬ活性显著升高,而ＮＫ、ＬＡＫ细胞活性未见明显增强、脾淋巴细胞转化反应显著增强、生存期显著延长。结论     

Anti‐tumor activity of interleukin‐2‐producing tumor cells and recombinant interleukin 12 against mouse glioma cells located in the central nervous system

Interleukin 12 (IL‐12) exhibits anti‐tumor activity in a variety of laboratory models. Although IL‐12 itself activates strong anti‐tumor activity, the combination of vaccine therapy with IL‐2‐transduced tumor cells and systemic rIL‐12 has been shown to cure tumor‐bearing mice more effectively than either rIL‐12 or IL‐2‐transduced tumor vaccines alone. In the present study, regression of brain tumors established in naive mice was obtained by combined administration of an intratumoral injection of a single dose of IL‐2‐producing glioma cells (SR/IL‐2 cells) and recombinant IL‐12. Intraperitoneal rIL‐12 administration substantially delayed the growth of s.c. inoculated gliomas, but not of gliomas located in the brain. Although vaccination with SR/IL‐2 cells alone was not effective against s.c. inoculated gliomas, the combination therapy of vaccination with irradiated SR/IL‐2 cells and systemic rIL‐12 was more effective than rIL‐12 alone. In our brain‐tumor model, intratumoral administration of irradiated SR/IL‐2 cells and of rIL‐12 remarkably prolonged survival as compared with untreated mice. Efficacy was reduced when studies were performed in mice depleted of CD8⁺ cells or NK cells. Mice cured of their intracerebral tumors by combined administration of SR/IL‐2 cells and rIL‐12 demonstrated protective immunity upon rechallenge. In summary, the therapeutic potential for control of tumor growth by intratumoral administration of IL‐2‐producing glioma cells and rIL‐12 may be useful in the development of treatment for patients with glioma. Int. J. Cancer 80:425–430, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

氟胞嘧啶/胞嘧啶脱氨酶自杀基因疗法结合热休克蛋白-多肽复合物治疗小鼠胃癌

目的；研究氟胞嘧啶／胞嘧啶脱氨酶（5－FC／CD）基因疗法与热休克蛋白－多肽复合物（FSP70－PC）免疫疗法联合抗肿瘤效果。方法；将携带CD基因的重组腺病毒注射到小鼠MFC瘤体内，腹腔注射5－FC，同时皮下接种HSP70－PC。结果；经联合治疗后，70％荷瘤小鼠肿瘤体答缩小，消退，小鼠存活期延长，细胞毒T淋巴细胞（CTL）杀伤活性增高，CD4^ 及CD^8 T细胞浸润明显。结论：5－FC／CD基因疗法结合HSP－PC免疫疗法抗小鼠MFC瘤作用显著，具有临床应用前景。     

局部注射小鼠白细胞介素12逆转录病毒包装细胞对大鼠肝癌的治疗

目的:研究低剂量环磷酸胺(Cy)联合MHC Ⅰ类限制性肿瘤抗原多肽Mutl致敏、白细胞介素2(IL-2)基因修饰的树突状细胞(DCs)对转移性肺癌小鼠的治疗作用及其免疫学机理.方法:制备小鼠骨髓来源的DCs,用转移性Lewis肺癌特异性多肽Mutl预激经IL-2基因修饰的DCs联合低剂量Cy治疗转移性肺癌小鼠.通过FACS分析其脾细胞内T淋巴细胞比例的变化,~51Cr释放法检测CTL和NK细胞杀伤活性.结果:肿瘤抗原多肽致敏、IL-2基因修饰的DCs与小剂量Cy联合后,能比单用DCs更有效地治疗转移性肺癌,小鼠脾细胞中CD8~ T细胞和NK1.1~ 细胞明显比例升高,联合治疗组诱导出的CTL杀伤活性最高.结论:以肿瘤抗原多肽冲击致敏的IL-2基因修饰的DCs联合小剂量Cy能更有效地促进荷瘤宿主免疫应答,具有显著地体内抑制肺癌转移的效果.     

低剂量环磷酰胺增强MHCⅠ类限制性肿瘤抗原多肽冲击致敏的树突状细胞的抗肿瘤转移效果

目的:研究低剂量环磷酸胺(Cy)联合MHC Ⅰ类限制性肿瘤抗原多肽Mutl致敏、白细胞介素2(IL-2)基因修饰的树突状细胞(DCs)对转移性肺癌小鼠的治疗作用及其免疫学机理.方法:制备小鼠骨髓来源的DCs,用转移性Lewis肺癌特异性多肽Mutl预激经IL-2基因修饰的DCs联合低剂量Cy治疗转移性肺癌小鼠.通过FACS分析其脾细胞内T淋巴细胞比例的变化,~51Cr释放法检测CTL和NK细胞杀伤活性.结果:肿瘤抗原多肽致敏、IL-2基因修饰的DCs与小剂量Cy联合后,能比单用DCs更有效地治疗转移性肺癌,小鼠脾细胞中CD8~+T细胞和NK1.1~+细胞明显比例升高,联合治疗组诱导出的CTL杀伤活性最高.结论:以肿瘤抗原多肽冲击致敏的IL-2基因修饰的DCs联合小剂量Cy能更有效地促进荷瘤宿主免疫应答,具有显著地体内抑制肺癌转移的效果.