肺癌患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群与预后的关系

  目的  探讨肺癌患者外周血T细胞亚群及NK细胞与临床病理特征及预后的关系。  方法  回顾性观察102例肺癌患者、12例肺良性疾病患者及23例健康体检者,记录其外周血T细胞亚群及NK细胞占外周血淋巴细胞的百分比,对比二者分布在肺癌、肺良性疾病及健康体检者之间的差异,并对患者的临床病理资料进行回顾性分析,分析淋巴细胞亚群与预后的关系及其与临床病理特征的相关性。  结果  肺癌患者外周血CD4+T细胞低于健康体检者,而CD8+T细胞却较高,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）;单因素分析显示T细胞亚群及NK细胞分布与预后并无显著关系（P>0.05）,而与淋巴结转移、TNM分期、肿瘤标志物等存在相关性（P < 0.05）。  结论  肺癌患者外周血T亚群及NK细胞分布异常,动态监测患者外周血T细胞亚群及NK细胞有助于评估患者免疫功能,有望成为判断患者预后的一种指标。      

肺癌患者外周血液树突状细胞和淋巴细胞亚群的检测及临床意义

目的 检测肺癌患者外周血液树突状细胞和淋巴细胞亚群的数量并分析其临床意义。方法 流式细胞术检测34例肺癌患者外周血CD123⁺、CD11c⁺的树突状细胞（dendritic cell,DC）和淋巴细胞亚群的数量及所占比例,并与28名健康志愿者作对照。结果 与健康对照组比较,肺癌患者CD123⁺DC的绝对数和比值下降,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,而CD11c⁺DC的绝对数和比值均显著下降（P均＜0.05）。两组的B淋巴细胞绝对数比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,但肺癌患者外周血T、Th、Ts、NK细胞的绝对数均较健康对照组低,差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）。结论 肺癌患者外周血液树突状细胞和淋巴细胞亚群普遍发生改变,肺癌患者外周血T、Th、Ts、NK细胞数值下降的同时CD11c⁺DC数值也下降,对其进行检测可为肺癌治疗方案的制定及预后判断提供一定参考。     

Two color analysis of peripheral lymphocyte subsets in patients with cancers during and after radiotherapy

Lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood in patients with cancers were analyzed through two color analysis using FCM. Leu-2/Leu-3 and Leu-2+15+/Leu-8-3+ were compared during radiotherapy and periods of follow up in cases with uterine cervical ca. and lung ca. They did not show similar tendencies but just a opposite one in some cases. Both of them, on the other hand, did not appear to be related with the prognosis of patients. However, CTL and NK (potent) did show a relevance with it through the period of follow up. They might be indices which allow to predict the clinical course of Patients with cancers. Further study is now in progress.     

Changes of peripheral lymphocyte subsets in patients with oral squamous carcinoma

The distribution of peripheral lymphocyte subsets of 32 patients, who had undergone surgical removal of squamous carcinoma and have evaded recurrence was studied using OK series monoclonal antibodies. The T-lymphocyte subpopulation was reduced in patients who were tumor free for more than 3 years. The helper/inducer T-cell subpopulation was reduced in most of the patients studied, whereas little change was observed in the subpopulation of suppressor/cytotoxic T cells. Consequently the ratio of OKT 4+/OKT 8+ was reduced in accordance with the tumor free period.     

肿瘤标志物及T淋巴细胞亚群在肺癌化疗患者中的变化及临床意义

目的 探讨肿瘤标志物及T淋巴细胞亚群在肺癌化疗患者中的变化及临床意义.方法 选取135例肺癌患者,检测化疗前后血清细胞角质蛋白19片段抗原21-1(CYFRA21-1)、癌胚抗原(CEA)水平和T淋巴细胞(CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+)水平,依据实体瘤疗效评价标准(RECIST)1.1版评估所有患者的化疗疗效...     

非小细胞肺癌患者外周血PD-1表达水平及淋巴细胞亚群分析

目的:探讨非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)患者外周血细胞程序性死亡蛋白1(programmedcell death protein 1-ligand l,PD-L1)的表达水平和淋巴细胞亚群比例与NSCLC临床分期的关系及其临床意义.方法:收集2014年3月至12月承德医学院附属医院肿瘤科收治的38例肺腺癌、35例肺鳞癌患者为实验组,以30例健康体检者作为对照组.采集受试者晨起外周血5ml,用ELISA法检测血清PD-1的表达水平;流式细胞术检测CD4+、CD8+、CD19+、NK细胞比例.结果:实验组血中PD-1表达水平高于对照组[(104.98±20.76)、(109.13 ±24.65) vs (50.80±14.38)pg/ml,P＜0.01];实验组外周血中CD4+、NK细胞比例低于对照组(P ＜0.001),CD8+细胞比例高于对照组(P＜0.01);Ⅲ、Ⅳ期肺癌CD4+细胞比例和NK细胞比例均低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期(P＜0.01),PD-1表达水平CD8+细胞比例均高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期(P ＜0.01);CD19+比例差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);PD-1的表达水平与NK细胞比例呈负相关(P＜0.01),与CD8+细胞比例呈正相关(P＜0.01),与CD4+、CD19+无相关性(P＞0.05).结论:NSCLC患者外周血PD-1的表达水平较健康体检者明显上调,检测外周血PD-1表达水平和淋巴细胞亚群比例对NSCLC患者病情监测及预后判断有重要意义.     

肺癌患者淋巴细胞亚群在外周血中的表达及其与预后的关系

背景与目的肺癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,本研究旨在探讨肺癌患者外周血中淋巴细胞亚群的表达及与预后的关系。方法采用流式细胞仪检测221例原发性肺癌首诊患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+、CD19+、CD25+、CD44+及NK细胞所占比例,并与96例健康人的血标本对比,结合临床及随访资料进行统计分析。结果与健康对照组对比,肺癌患者淋巴细胞亚群8项指标中CD3+及CD8+明显低于健康对照组,CD4+/CD8+、CD19+、CD25+、CD44+及NK细胞明显高于健康对照组(P<0.05)。与非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)相比,小细胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer,SCLC)的CD8+明显升高而CD4+和CD4+/CD8+明显下降(P<0.05)。化疗后与化疗前相比CD3+明显上升,NK细胞、CD19+及CD44+明显下降(P<0.05),其中CD44+在化疗后表达不升高者有生存优势(P=0.021),而其余3项指标与患者预期生存无关。结论肺癌患者外周血淋巴细胞亚群普遍发生改变,CD44+在化疗后的改变可能与预后相关。     

肺癌患者红细胞免疫功能与外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的改变

目的：观察肺癌患红细胞免疫功能及T淋巴细胞亚群的变化。方法：应用红细胞免疫粘附花环形成法和流式细胞仪检测法。结果：（1）肺癌组（55例）红细胞C3b受体花环率（RBC－C3bRR)、CD3^ 、CD4^ 、CD^ ／CD^8 比值低下正常人（20例）（P＜0．05－0．01）,红细胞免疫复合物花环率（RBC－ICR）依次高于肺良性肿瘤组（15例）和正常人（P＜0．05－0．01）。（2）肺癌RBC－C3bRR与CD4^ /CD8^ 成直线正相关（P＜0．01,r=0.9131)。（3）Ⅲa,Ⅲb期肺癌,RBC－C3bRR,CD3^ ,CD4^ ,CD4^ /CD8^ 比值低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期肺癌患和正常人（P＜0．05－0．01）,而RBC－ICR高于正常人（P＜0．01）。Ⅰ、Ⅱ期病人CD3^ ,CD4^ ,CD8^ 低于正常人（P＜0．01）,RBC－ICR高于正常人（P＜0．01）。结论：肺癌患RBC免疫和T细胞亚群的测定及其相关性分析,对于肺癌的诊断、治疗及病情预后估计有一定价值。     

肿瘤患者淋巴细胞亚群精确检测临床分析

目的探讨肿瘤患者及健康人群21项免疫检测指标精确检测数据。方法选取2018年2月至2019年4月间北京丰台右安门医院收集的行精确免疫检测的人群资料进行回顾性分析,1组为健康成年人,2组为一般情况好的肿瘤患者,3组为一般情况差的肿瘤患者。均用流式细胞仪检测21项免疫指标数据,分析肿瘤患者预后与免疫指标的关系。结果 1组的细胞毒性T细胞(Tc)计数、淋巴细胞(总L)计数、总L百分比、总T计数、细胞毒/抑制T细胞(Tc+Ts)计数、总B细胞计数、辅助/诱导性T细胞(Th+Ti)计数及自然杀伤细胞(NK)计数的均值和标准差均高于2组和3组,且1组的抑制性T细胞(Ts)百分比的均值和标准差均低于2组和3组,差异均有统计学意义(均P <0. 05)。21项指标中只有Tc计数在1组与3组没有数据交叠,即1组最低值250个/μl高于3组最高值150个/μl。2组中仅1例患者末次检测后90d失访,其他患者目前均生存。3组中12例患者因疾病进展死亡,末次检测后中位生存时间为27 (1～75) d。结论多项免疫指标包括细胞毒性T细胞总数与肿瘤患者预后相关。     

非小细胞肺癌化疗同期调强放疗靶区变化规律的临床分析

目的分析非小细胞肺癌（non-smallcelllungcancer,NSCLC）调强放疗（intensitymodulatedradiotherapy,IMRT）过程中肿瘤体积动态变化的情况。方法25例经病理学或细胞学检查诊断为NSCLC的患者接受IMRT,分别于放疗前、放疗20Gy、30Gy、40Gv、50．5Gy、61Gy时予以螺旋CT模拟定位扫描检查,在各次cT扫描上勾画原发肿瘤（GTV）和纵隔转移淋巴结（GTvnd）,并分析其变化规律。结果随放疗剂量的增加,GTv和GTvnd的体积逐渐缩小,放疗40Gy后肿瘤缩小的速度逐渐缓慢,选择放疗40Gv时肿瘤体积与放疗前肿瘤体积进行比较,GTV（t=5．019,P=0．ooo）和GTvnd（t=5．267,P=0．000）体积缩小的差异有统计学意义。以中位值为分界点,GTV≥101．45em3GTV〈101．45cm3、GTVndI〉50．35cm^3和GTVnd〈50．35cm,放疗40Gy后肿瘤体积缩小的速度逐渐缓慢,与放疗前肿瘤体积缩小比较差异均有统计学意义（t=6．019,P=0．000;t=6．491,P=0．000;t=5．449,P=0．000;t=7．919,P=-0．000）。大体积肿瘤缩小更快、更明显。结论随着放疗剂量的增加,肿瘤体积逐渐缩小,放疗40Gy后肿瘤体积缩小的速度逐渐缓慢,大体积肿瘤比小体积肿瘤缩小更快、更明显。     

Changes in the host lymphocyte subsets during chemical carcinogenesis

Changes in small lymphocyte subsets in the lymphoid organs of young C3H mice were studied following i.m. injection of a carcinogenic dose of 3-methylcholanthrene in trioctanoin oil. Using monoclonal anti-Lyt antibodies and a sandwich radiolabeling method with 125I-labeled rabbit anti-mouse Immunoglobulin, the lymphocyte subpopulations in the thymus, spleen, and draining lymph node were examined by radioautography. During the fifth week following the administration of the carcinogen and prior to the appearance of histologically evident tumor cells, a sharp decrease in the level of Ly-1,2+ small lymphocyte population in the thymus was noted which coincided with a considerable increase (10-fold) in the Ly-2+ and a small increase (1.7-fold) in the Ly-1+ population. During the same period, a similar increase in the Ly-2+ population was also observed in the draining but not in the contralateral lymph node. The high levels of Ly-2+ cells lasted for more than 4 weeks in the thymus while, in the draining node, they lasted for 2 weeks and dropped to normal levels (0 to 2%) simultaneously with the appearance of tumor cells identified in histological preparations. Smaller increases (3-fold) in the Ly-2+ subset were also noted in the spleen and contralateral node, but they were seen later (7 to 8 weeks) and were shorter in duration. These systemic increases coincided with the appearance of macroscopic tumor nodules. The relative incidence of immunoglobulin+ cells did not change significantly in any of the organs tested during the entire tumor induction phase, while the level of null cells underwent a slight increase (approximately 2-fold) in all organs tested immediately prior to and following the appearance of macroscopic tumors. None of these changes was observed in trioctanoin oil-injected control animals. The mixed lymphocyte reaction response of the draining node cells, but not of the spleen, was suppressed during the period of increased level of Ly-2+ cells. Furthermore, during this period, s.c. transplantation of a syngeneic mammary tumor in the same leg resulted in enhanced local growth as well as metastatic spread of the tumor to the lungs in 3-methylcholanthrene-treated mice. These findings suggest that a localized immunosuppression associated with the rise in the Ly-2+ cells may be of functional significance during carcinogen-induced tumor development.     

Changes in the respiratory pattern during radiotherapy for cancer in the lung.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To quantify changes in patients' diaphragm motion pattern over the course of radiotherapy and to evaluate the implications of these changes for 4D radiotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January 2004 to October 2004, 10 patients with lung malignancies treated at our department underwent weekly respiratory motion verification during the course of external beam radiation. An onboard kilovoltage imaging system was used to acquire fluoroscopy weekly for patients with lung neoplasms. The diaphragm position as a function of time was extracted automatically from the fluoroscopy and used to calculate the daily mean and daily SD of motion. The diaphragm position was related to both a bony reference point and machine isocenter. Changes in the daily mean and daily SD in relation to the reference (first day) daily mean and reference daily SD were measured. RESULTS: The mean change in the daily mean was 0.32 mm+/-6.11 mm in relation to the bony reference point and 0.38 mm+/-6.28 mm in relation to isocenter. The mean change in the daily SD was 0.91 mm+/-1.81 mm. The mean systematic change in the daily mean was 4.97 mm, and the mean random change in the daily mean was 3.61 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Daily verification of 4D radiotherapy techniques to assess the necessity of online set-up correction may be required due to the large change in the mean diaphragm position observed for these patients. However, the variation of the daily SD was small for most patients. Adaptive adjustment of the margin may be necessary for those patients with larger variation of the daily SD.     

图像引导技术在周围型肺癌患者放疗中的应用

目的:探讨图像引导技术在周围型肺癌患者放疗中的应用价值,为提高周围型肺癌患者放疗精确度、降低放疗损伤、提高放疗疗效提供参考.方法:选择2014年10月至2016年10月我院收治的42例周围型肺癌患者作为研究对象,均采用瓦里安Clinical Ⅸ医用加速器,行大分割放射治疗,肿瘤计划靶体积总剂量为42 ～ 56 Gy,6～8 Gy/次,隔天一次,所有患者2周内行7次放疗.放疗前采用CT平扫和增强扫描,获得患者肿瘤及周围组织三维图像,并将其传输到瓦里安eclipse计划系统进行放疗方案计划设计.患者放疗前,采用CBCT扫描获取定位参考图像,再与放疗计划进行匹配,该匹配方案获取的定位参数设为在线校准参数.根据在线匹配的定位参数对患者进行在线摆位校准,再行CBCT扫描获取数据,采用系统自带软件完成图像与扫描数据的匹配,该匹配方案获取的定位参数为离线校准参数.比较X、Y、Z三个方向的离线校位误差和在线校位误差.采用VanHerk的群体性误差算法计算两种校位方法外扩界值范围.结果:在线校位X、Y、Z三个方向的误差分别为:X(0.1±1.8) mm,Y(-0.2±1.3)mm,Z(-0.5±3.1)mm;离线校位三个方向的校位误差分别为:X(-0.1±1.1)mm,Y(-0.2 ±0.6)mm,Z(-0.9±1.9)mm,Y、Z向在线校位精度均明显高于离线校位精度,比较差异有统计学意义(t=6.372,P=0.003,t=11.305,P =0.000).离线校位外扩界值范围为(4.0～4.6) mm,在线校位外扩界值为(5.9～8.9) mm,离线校位外扩界值范围明显较在线校位窄.结论:图影像引导技术可明显改善周围型肺癌患者放疗中的摆位误差,降低靶区外扩边界距离,提高放疗精度,具有较高的临床价值.     

化疗对中晚期非小细胞肺癌患者淋巴细胞亚群的影响

目的探讨NSCLC患者在化疗前后淋巴细胞亚群含量的变化及临床意义。方法采用流式细胞仪技术,分别对治疗组和对照组外周血淋巴细胞亚群进行检测计数。结果 76例NSCLC患者CD3＋、CD4＋、NK细胞的数量以及CD4＋/CD8＋比值均明显低于健康人群,其CD8＋细胞的比例明显高于健康人群,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。化疗后CD3＋、CD4＋、CD4＋/CD8＋、NK较化疗前升高（P〈0.05）;CD8＋化疗前后差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 NSCLC患者机体的免疫状态与病情发展、临床分期密切相关,化疗可明显改善NSCLC患者机体的免疫功能。     

外周血T淋巴细胞亚群与NK细胞检测在肺癌诊断及治疗中的意义

 目的　通过研究肺癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群与NK细胞的表达及动态变化,分析其与肺癌发生、发展的关系及其临床意义。方法　运用流式细胞术检测66例肺癌患者（肺癌组）、60例肺结核患者（肺结核组）和60名健康人（健康对照组）外周血中CD+3、CD+3 CD+8、CD+3 CD+4、Th／Ts、CD+16 CD+56的表达;肺癌组还检测了化疗前后第3、7和20天外周血CD+3、CD+3 CD+8、CD+3 CD+4、Th／Ts、CD+16 CD+56 的表达。结果　肺癌组CD+3、CD+3 CD+4、Th／Ts、CD+16 CD+56表达明显降低[（54.23±10.37）%、（34.23±8.03）%、1.35±0.20、（25.18±4.34）%],与肺结核组[（63.09±9.19）%、（39.46±12.74）%、1.51±0.41、（26.45±3.96）%]和健康对照组[（69.68±8.31）%、（42.31±13.29）%、1.89±0.48、（29.44±2.51）%]比较差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）;CD+3 CD+8 表达三组间差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。在化疗组中,化疗缓解组化疗后第3天CD+3、CD+3 CD+4、Th／Ts和CD+16 CD+56 表达较化疗前均显著降低（均P＜0.01）,而CD+3 CD+8表达显著升高（P＜0.01）;第7天各项指标基本恢复到化疗前水平;第20天CD+3、CD+3 CD+4、Th／Ts和CD+16 CD+56 表达较化疗前均显著升高（均P＜0.05）,而CD+3 CD+8表达显著降低（P＜0.05）。化疗未缓解组化疗前后各项指标的表达差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。在肺癌组中,ⅢA期、ⅢB期与ⅠA期比较、淋巴结转移N3组与N0组比较,CD+3、CD+3 CD+4、CD+3 CD+8、Th／Ts和CD+16 CD+56 表达差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）;不同病理分型间各项指标表达差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。结论　动态监测肺癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群与NK细胞可指导临床诊断和治疗,并有助于评估患者免疫功能状态。     

T lymphocyte subsets and function in the peripheral blood of patients with urological cancer.

The phenotypic distribution and immune reactivity of T lymphocyte subpopulations from peripheral blood of 50 patients with urological cancer were determined. Included were 36 patients with bladder transitional cell carcinoma, 7 patients with renal cell carcinoma and 7 patients with prostatic carcinoma. Thirty-eight age-matched patients with benign urological disease served as controls. A depression in immune competence was found in the group of male patients with infiltrating bladder cancer. In more than 50% of the patients with infiltrating bladder carcinoma, the T helper (CD4) subset was reduced with a concomitant inversion in the CD4/CD8 ratio and impairment in the T cell function as determined by the ability to proliferate upon phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin stimulation. Patients with superficial bladder carcinoma, as well as those with renal cell carcinoma had an immune profile similar to that of the control group. The group of patients with prostatic carcinoma had higher mean CD4/CD8 ratios than the control group, resulting from decreased suppressor/cytotoxic cells. Our results have indicated that the characterization of T cell subset and lymphocyte activity correlated well with the histopathologic state of patients with bladder carcinoma. Thus, the determination of the CD4/CD8 ratio may prove a valuable method for monitoring patients with bladder carcinoma, in addition to serial urine cytology, random urothelial biopsies and flow cytometry.     

立体定向放疗治疗周围型非小细胞肺癌

立体定向放疗（SBRT）可对病变实施“手术”式照射,抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,并具有非侵入性的特点,能明显缩短治疗时间。尽管手术、放疗是早期周围型非小细胞肺癌的主要选择,但近来研究表明SBRT相对普通放疗在局部控制率、不良反应等方面具有一定优势,并可获得与手术治疗相近的疗效。