胫骨骨搬移对接点愈合的影响因素分析

背景:骨搬移治疗中关于对接点愈合的研究主要集中在对接点的状态上,对治疗过程中的影响因素尚有待进一步研究.目的:探讨骨搬移术治疗胫骨骨缺损中对接点愈合的影响因素.方法:回顾性分析2011年1月至2018年2月采用骨搬移术治疗92例胫骨骨缺损患者的临床资料,男81例,女11例;年龄18～60岁,平均(38.8±11.3)岁...     

膜诱导技术治疗胫骨慢性感染性骨缺损的临床疗效

目的:探讨膜诱导技术治疗胫骨感染性骨缺损的临床疗效.方法:回顾性分析2017年1月至2020年1月收治的42例胫骨感染性骨缺损的患者.其中男33例,女9例,年龄17～64岁,平均年龄(41.4±13.9)岁.根据Cierny-Mader分型,Ⅲ型11例,Ⅳ型31例.治疗分两个阶段进行,第一阶段清创并植入抗生素骨水泥诱导...     

游离腓骨骨皮瓣加单臂外固定架治疗胫骨骨缺损

目的 探讨游离腓骨骨皮瓣治疗胫骨骨缺损的方法和临床疗效.方法 采用吻合血管的游腓骨骨皮瓣移植加单臂外固定架治疗12例因创伤、慢性骨髓炎导致的胫骨骨缺损患者.结果 患者腓骨骨皮瓣携带皮岛血运均良好,切口均一期愈合.12例均获随访,时间12~48个月.全部骨性愈合,患者恢复行走功能.结论 吻合血管的游离腓骨骨皮瓣移植加单臂外固定架治疗胫骨骨缺损临床疗效满意.     

自体骨植骨联合浓缩骨髓移植在全膝关节置换术中修复骨缺损

目的 探讨自体骨植骨联合浓缩骨髓移植在全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)术中修复胫骨侧骨缺损的临床疗效.方法 自2014年1月至2018年1月甘肃武威市人民医院对合并骨缺损的重度膝关节骨关节炎患者行TKA术时采用自体骨植骨联合浓缩骨髓移植修复骨缺损,共12例19膝,其中男3例4膝,...     

外固定器治疗儿童胫骨慢性骨髓炎后骨缺损和肢体短缩

[目的]探讨运用外固定器行骨段转移术治疗儿童胫骨慢性骨髓炎造成的骨缺损和肢体短缩的疗效及经验,为临床合理选择治疗方法提供依据.[方法]回顾性研究1994年1月～2010年1月采用外固定器治疗的26例儿童胫骨慢性骨髓炎造成的骨缺损和肢体短缩行骨段转移术.男15例,女11例,年龄8～17岁,平均11.6岁,术前患肢平均骨缺损长度4.8 cm,肢体短缩差值平均5.3 cm.[结果]全部病人均获随访.术后随访平均116个月,平均外固定指数48.0 d/cm.延长范围5.8～15.1 cm(平均10.3 cm),骨不连接愈合时间平均6.6个月(4～ 13个月).骨愈合率100％,所有患者肢体长度差异得到纠正.[结论]骨外固定器行骨段转移术是治疗儿童伴有肢体短缩的胫骨大段骨缺损的有效方法.     

骨搬移术治疗胫骨骨折术后大段骨缺损20例疗效分析

[目的]探讨Orthofix外固定架骨搬移术在治疗胫骨骨折术后大段骨缺损的治疗效果。[方法]回顾性分析20例采用Orthofix外固定架骨搬移术治疗的胫骨骨折术后大段骨缺损患者,总结其临床疗效。[结果]经1~3年随访,本组20例患者均达到骨性愈合,术后患肢功能良好,双下肢基本等长,均未出现骨折区感染及骨髓炎,无神经、血管损伤。[结论]在临床工作中,采用Orthofix外固定架骨搬移技术治疗胫骨术后大段骨缺损患者治疗效果好,值得推广。     

3D打印技术的临床应用:基于"精准骨科"的四肢骨缺损重建∗

目的 探讨3D打印技术在四肢骨缺损治疗中的可行性及有效性.方法 选择2018年1月～2019年10月15例骨缺损.骨髓炎12例,无菌性骨不愈合3例.骨缺损部位包括股骨合并胫骨1例,股骨7例,胫骨6例,肱骨1例.骨缺损长6～31.2 cm,中位数12.7 cm.在彻底清创及控制感染的前提下,应用3D打印钛合金假体重建骨缺...     

手风琴技术促进骨搬移延长骨段骨质矿化的临床观察

目的:探讨骨搬移治疗胫骨骨缺损时采用"手风琴"技术对延长骨段骨质矿化的影响.方法:自2017 年5 月至2019 年10 月,采用Ilizarov 骨搬移技术治疗胫骨骨缺损患者22 例,在骨搬移结束后,采用随机数字表法将22例患者随机分为两组.观察组11例,男9例,女2例;年龄20～60(42.6±13.3)岁;骨缺损...     

诱导膜技术联合双钢板治疗胫骨骨干大段骨缺损

[目的]介绍诱导膜技术(Masquelet)联合双钢板固定胫骨骨干大段骨缺损的手术技术和初步效果.[方法]2016年1月-2019年1月,采用诱导膜技术联合双钢板固定18例胫骨骨干大段骨缺损患者.术前评估畸形,胫骨骨缺损部彻底清创,控制感染后填塞骨水泥,并同时覆盖创面,必要时皮瓣修复.待诱导膜形成后,去除骨水泥,缺损处...     

微创截骨Ilizarov技术治疗胫骨大段感染性骨缺损

[目的]探讨使用微创截骨Ilizarov骨搬移技术治疗大段胫骨感染性骨缺损患者的临床疗效。[方法]对2010年9月～2017年1月本科使用微创截骨Ilizarov骨搬移技术治疗的30例胫骨大段感染性骨缺损患者进行回顾性分析,评价治疗效果,总结临床经验。[结果]手术时间平均(68.12±18.20) min,术中出血量+术后引流量平均(178.43±46.24) ml。30例患者均获随访,平均随访时间(36.54±7.21)个月。所有患者创面平均(35.74±10.82) d愈合。骨延长长度平均(8.52±2.43) cm,骨搬移时间平均(3.54±1.17)个月,去除外固定时间平均(22.54±4.83)个月。无患者出现严重并发症。Paley骨愈合评定:优25例,良3例,一般2例;功能评定:优23例,良4例,一般3例。[结论]应用微创截骨Ilizarov骨搬移技术治疗胫骨感染性骨缺损效果确切,重建了原有肢体长度,缩短了治疗周期,确保了手术疗效。     

Ilizarov segmental bone transport of infected tibial nonunions requiring extensive debridement with an average distraction length of 9,5 centimetres. Is it safe?

ObjectivesTo evaluate the results of one stage radical debridement and segmental bone transport with circular fixator in the treatment of infected tibial non-union requiring extensive debridement with an average defect size of 8 cm and distraction length of 9,5 cm.DesignRetrospective study.SettingLevel I trauma centre at an academic university hospital.PatientsThirty patients with infected tibial non-union with an average of 2,9 previous failed operations after a mean 12,5 months post-injury were treated consecutively. The mean age was 39,5 years (R:16–68). After radical debridement and irrigation, all patients were treated with segmental bone transport using Ilizarov circular fixator. All patients except 3, managed with an open docking protocol without bone grafting. In 2 patients a planned ankle arthrodesis with transport was done.Main outcome measurementsBone union, resolution of infection, external fixation index (EFI), external fixation time (EFT), bone and functional results for this big defect size.ResultsUnion and eradication of infection was achieved in all patients. Mean follow-up was 32,5 months (R: 12–72 mo.) The average bone defect after debridement was measured 8.1 cm (R, 6–15). The total distraction length to restore the debridement defect and previous LLD was 9,5 cm (R, 6–15). The mean external fixation time was 13,7 months; the mean external fixation index was 1,49 mo./cm. One non-union, one refracture and one late valgus deformity was managed successfully with plating or nailing and all were healed uneventfully at the completion of the treatment. According to Paley & Maar and Katsenis criteria, the bone results were excellent in 24 and good in 6, functional scores were excellent in 21, good in 7, and fair in 2 patients. Minor complications were 1,36 per patient, major complications were 0,4 per patient and permanent complications were 0,2 per patient in the study group.ConclusionIn the management of large post-infectious bone defects requiring an average 9,5 cm distraction; segmental bone transport is safe in terms of union and eradication of infection. The EFI, EFT, complications, bone and functional results do not differ from the other published studies with smaller defect size.     

Distal tibial reconstruction with use of a circular external fixator and an intramedullary nail. The combined technique

BACKGROUND: Distal tibial reconstruction with use of an external fixator when there is bone loss, limb-length discrepancy, and/or ankle instability is associated with many problems. The technique of limb-lengthening, ankle arthrodesis, and segmental transfer over an intramedullary nail has been introduced to overcome these problems. The present study investigates this combined technique. METHODS: Between 2002 and 2005, six patients, who ranged from seventeen to seventy years old, underwent distal tibial reconstruction and ankle arthrodesis with use of a circular external fixator and an intramedullary nail to treat a distal tibial defect following resection for chronic osteomyelitis or tumor or to treat a limb-length discrepancy combined with ankle instability. Functional and radiographic results were evaluated, with use of the criteria described by Paley et al., at an average follow-up of thirty-four months. RESULTS: The mean size of the bone defects in three patients was 5.3 cm (2, 7, and 7 cm), and the mean amount of the limb-shortening in four patients was 5.25 cm (range, 4 to 6 cm). The mean external fixation time was 3.5 months, and the mean external fixator index was 0.57 mo/cm. There was no recurrence of infection in the two patients with osteomyelitis. All six patients had excellent bone results, and the functional results were excellent for two patients and good for four patients. There were four complications, three of which were categorized, according to Paley, as a problem (a difficulty that occurs during lengthening and is resolved without operative intervention) and one that was categorized as an obstacle (a difficulty that occurs during lengthening and needs operative treatment). CONCLUSIONS: The combined technique is an improvement over the classic external fixation techniques of distal tibial reconstruction with ankle arthrodesis. It reduces the duration of external fixation, thus increasing patient acceptance, and it is associated with a low complication rate facilitating more rapid rehabilitation.     

扩髓灌洗联合抗生素骨水泥涂层髓内钉内固定治疗胫骨骨折髓内钉内固定术后感染

目的 探讨扩髓灌洗并更换成含抗生素骨水泥涂层髓内钉内固定治疗胫骨骨折髓内钉内固定术后感染的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析自2012-06-2018-12诊治的10例胫骨骨折髓内钉内固定术后感染,术中扩大髓腔进行髓腔灌洗、彻底清创,然后更换成含抗生素骨水泥涂层髓内钉一期内固定胫骨骨折.3例经窦道清创切除感染骨后用抗生素骨水泥...     

微创Ilizarov外固定架治疗胫骨感染性骨不连

目的评价Ilizarov外固定架下采用骨延长技术治疗胫骨感染性骨不连的临床结果及功能情况。方法22例胫骨感染性骨不连患者感染端进行清创后骨缺损的长度为4．1～12．6（6．72±2．42）cm。其中21例为小面积软组织缺损者,采用局部皮瓣转移覆盖,1例大面积软组织缺损者（8cm×5cm）,采用腓肠肌皮瓣转移术覆盖创面,22例均采用Ilizarov外固定架进行骨延长治疗。结果22例均获得随访,时间12～24（17．64±3．84）个月。骨不连均获得愈合,愈合时间7～19（9．86±3．01）个月,感染均得到控制。10例在延长过程中有局部针道渗液,治疗后愈合。牵引成骨的长度为4．1～12．6（6．72±2．42）cm。根据Paley骨折愈合评分标准：优13例,良7例,中2例。结论对于胫骨感染性骨不连,使用Ilizarov外固定架进行骨延长治疗临床结果及功能恢复满意。     

Ilizarov技术自体骨段延长治疗胫骨感染性骨折不愈合伴骨缺损

目的 探讨Ilizarov技术自体骨段延长治疗胫骨感染性骨折不愈合的疗效.方法 2000年9月至2006年6月共收治胫骨感染性骨折不愈合伴骨缺损患者14例,男11例,女3例;年龄19～49岁,平均31.9岁;胫骨近端3例,中段8例,远端3例.原始损伤:5例为开放骨折钢板内固定,3例为开放骨折髓内钉内固定,4例为开放骨折外固定架固定,2例为闭合骨折钢板内固定术后所致.患者自受伤至此次治疗时间为2～24个月,平均7.54个月;手术次数平均6次(3～14次).根据Jain骨缺损和感染程度分型:A2型5例,B1型2例,B2型7例.窦道形成10例,骨外露4例;骨外露面积最大7 cm×5 cm,最小2 cm×1 cm;清创后骨缺损长度3～12 cm,平均6.71 cm.14例患者均采用清创联合Ilizarov技术自体骨段延长治疗.结果 14例患者均获8个月～6年(平均20个月)随访,均获稳定骨折愈合.住院时间1～7个月,平均3个月;骨折愈合时间6～12个月,平均7.79个月;骨外固定时间8～14个月,平均9.64个月.并发症:针道感染1例,皮肤过敏1例,骨折畸形愈合再截骨1例,提前矿化再截骨1例,断针1例,无深部感染、骨折不愈合和膝关节僵直发生.根据Paley骨折愈合评分标准:优13例,良1例.结论 Ilizarov骨段延长是治疗胫骨感染性骨折不愈合伴大段骨缺损的一种有效方法.     

Bone transport over an intramedullary nail for reconstruction of long bone defects in tibia

BACKGROUND: Although long bone defects may be treated by callus distraction, frequent complications arise from the long duration of external fixation. To reduce such complications, bone transport over an intramedullary nail (BTON) has been done for tibial bone defect. METHODS: In 12 patients (mean age, 46.1 years) of chronic osteomyelitis or bone defect, segmental transport was done using external fixator over an intramedullary nail. Prior to the index procedure, all patients had had serial debridements and five required myocutaneous or free flaps for covering of soft tissue defects. Using Mekhail's criteria, functional results were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean transported amount was 5.9 (range, 3.5-12) cm. The mean external fixation index was 26 days/cm, and healing index was 62.6 days/cm. The primary union of distraction and docking site was achieved in all, except for one failure in union at the docking site, which required another bone graft. Except for one patient with associated ankle injury, all had excellent or good functions. There was one recurrence of osteomyelitis and one procurvatum of the proximal tibia of 10 degrees . CONCLUSION: BTON may be a successful method in tibial reconstruction and allows patients to return to daily life earlier with relatively few complications.     

Ilizarov bone transport for massive tibial bone defects

This article reports the treatment of massive tibial bone defects by bone transport using the Ilizarov external fixator. Fifteen patients were treated using this technique (3 females and 12 males). The defect size ranged between 7 and 22 cm (average: 10.6 cm). Etiology was infected nonunion in 9 patients, nonunion in 5 patients, and recurrent giant-cell tumor in 1 patient. The affected site was the tibial diaphysis in 10 patients, the lower tibial metaphysis in 4, and the upper tibial epiphysis in 1 patient. The external fixation time ranged from 9 months to 17 months (average: 12.27 months). External fixation index ranged from 21.8 to 42.5 day/cm (average: 35.7 day/cm). There was no recurrence of infection, no recurrence of the tumor, nor fractures after frame removal. We had to graft the docking site in 2 patients for delayed union and 2 patients developed equinus deformity and had tenoplasty for the Achilles tendon at the time of frame removal. Four patients had pin tract infection at > or =1 of the wires and this was successfully treated by antibiotic injection at the wire site. This study suggests that Ilizarov bone transport is a reliable method to fill massive bone defects.     

Segment transport employing intramedullary devices in tibial bone defects following trauma and infection

OBJECTIVES: To compare two different methods of segment transport in posttraumatic and postseptic tibial defects by employing intramedullary tibial nails as the fixation system and to evaluate differences in the complication rate between external fixation and wire towropes as the transport system. DESIGN: Randomized, prospective, nonblinded study. SETTING: Level 1 trauma center. PATIENTS: Thirty patients with posttraumatic or postseptic defects of the tibial shaft were admitted at our center between January 1994 and December 1995. For study purposes, they were divided into two groups with fifteen patients in each. METHODS: All thirty patients underwent a standardized therapy protocol consisting of three phases: (a) eradication of infection, (b) restoration of soft tissue defects, and (c) bone segment transport. The first two phases were identical for both groups. The third phase was different: in Group A transport of the segment was performed with a combination of intramedullary nail and wire towrope; in Group B the intramedullary nail was combined with an external fixation device. We then evaluated both subjective data (patient comfort, restrictions in physiotherapy) and objective data (mobility of knee and ankle joint, transport time, reoperations, complications) to determine treatment success. RESULTS: Both methods are useful for segment transport in patients with tibial shaft defects following trauma and infection. The relative transport time was shorter in Group A than in Group B (12.2 versus 13.7 days/centimeter; p = 0.002). Group B also recorded a significantly higher complication rate than did Group A (septic complications, twenty-six versus six events; necessary recorticotomies, four versus zero events). CONCLUSIONS: An intramedullary nail and wire towrope proves to be a reliable combination for segment transport in tibial defects following trauma and infection and provides a relatively high patient comfort rate and a low complication rate.     

骨搬移术中植入硫酸钙对促进对合端愈合的效果观察

目的:探讨骨搬移术中植入硫酸钙能否促进对合端自然愈合的临床疗效.方法:回顾性分析2013年1月至2018年1月采用骨搬移和硫酸钙植入治疗的27例创伤性慢性骨髓炎患者,其中男23例,女4例;年龄20～61(44.30±10.00)岁;病程3～86(13.26±16.47)个月;骨折内固定术后创伤性慢性骨髓炎16例,开放性...     

骨搬移技术治疗下肢长骨干慢性骨髓炎伴骨缺损术后骨性愈合不良的原因分析及对策

目的:探讨骨搬移技术治疗下肢长骨干慢性骨髓炎伴骨缺损术后出现骨性愈合不良的原因及其相应对策。方法:回顾性分析2012年6月至2015年12月采用骨搬移技术治疗的38例下肢长骨干慢性骨髓炎伴骨缺损患者的临床资料,男23例,女15例;年龄20~56岁,平均36.5岁;股骨5例,胫骨33例;受伤至骨搬移时间2~19个月,平均7.4个月;骨缺损长度4~12 cm,平均7.3 cm;术后均经过1周"待机期"开始骨搬移,搬移方向由近端向远端30例,由远端向近端3例,双向搬移5例;并及时调整力线及骨搬移速度,患者坚持负重。定期随访,拍摄X线片,观察是否存在搬移间隙矿化成骨不良,对合端不愈合以及再发骨折等并发症;并采用Paley评分标准进行临床评价。结果:38例获得随访,时间12~36个月,平均23.1个月。骨髓炎无复发,但出现多种骨性愈合不良相关的并发症,其中骨搬移过程中发生搬移间隙矿化成骨不良3例,对合端不愈合17例,发生搬移间隙骨折5例,尚未拆除外固定架时发生骨折1例,拆除外固定架后发生骨折4例。带架时间9~27个月,平均16.3个月;外固定指数为1.7~2.7个月/cm,平均2.24个月/cm;根据Paley评分标准评定疗效:骨性结果优12例,良16例,中3例,差7例;功能结果优14例,良18例,中3例,差3例。结论:骨搬移技术有效解决了长骨干骨髓炎伴大段骨缺损的临床难题,但治疗周期长,对预后的影响因素多。因此,应严格适应证选择,同时应细致操作,全程监控,及时随访,并积极指导患者相应的预防策略,以期得到更满意的临床疗效。