顺铂联合甘露聚糖肽胸腔灌注治疗乳腺癌恶性胸腔积液55例

目的：观察顺铂联合甘露聚糖肽胸腔灌注治疗乳腺癌恶性胸腔积液的疗效、不良反应。方法：天津医科大学附属肿瘤医院2002年1月～2006年7月收治乳腺癌伴恶性胸腔积液55例；年龄25～72岁，中位年龄53岁；确诊距胸腔积液发生中位时间38．5个月；患侧发生胸腔积液38例（69．1％），对侧发生12例（21．8％），双侧发生5例（9．1％），胸腔闭式引流后胸腔灌注顺铂（80～100mg，1次）和甘露聚糖肽（20mg／次，最多4次）；观察疗效及不良反应，记录生存期。结果：全组患者CR24例（43．6％），PR22例（40．0％），RR46例（83．6％）；胸腔积液pH值〈7．2，Glucose〈60mg/L，LDH≥600U／L患者本方案治疗失败风险大（P均〈0．05），可以作为预测疗效指标，而ER、PR、HER2表达状态、卡氏评分对治疗疗效无影响（P均〉0．05）。全组中位生存时间为10．5个月。COX多因素分析证实，积液LDH值亚组病例生存时间差异存在统计学意义（P=0．001）。常见不良反应较轻，包括恶心、呕吐、发热、胸痛，结论：顺铂联合甘露聚糖肽胸腔灌注治疗乳腺癌恶性胸腔积液疗效满意，不良反应轻；积液LDH值是判断其预后的独立影响因素。     

甘露聚糖肽联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液疗效观察

目的:观察胸腔内注射甘露聚糖肽联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效.方法:52例恶性胸腔积液患者,采用一次性单腔中心静脉导管,进行胸腔穿刺置管和闭式引流术后,再给予胸腔内药物注射.治疗组27例,注射甘露聚糖肽30mg及顺铂60mg;对照组25例,单药顺铂60mg胸腔注射.均每周注射1次,连续3周,1个月后观察两组的疗效及不良反应.结果:甘露聚糖肽联合顺铂组有效率85.2%(23/27),高于单药顺铂组60.0%(15/25),两组差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论:胸腔置管闭式引流后注入甘露聚糖肽联合顺铂是一种治疗恶性胸腔积液有效、安全的方法.     

甘露聚糖肽联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液疗效观察

目的：观察胸腔内注射甘露聚糖肽联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液的疗效。方法：52例恶性胸腔积液患者,采用一次性单腔中心静脉导管,进行胸腔穿刺置管和闭式引流术后,再给予胸腔内药物注射。治疗组27例,注射甘露聚糖肽30mg及顺铂60mg;对照组25例,单药顺铂60mg胸腔注射。均每周注射1次,连续3周,1个月后观察两组的疗效及不良反应。结果：甘露聚糖肽联合顺铂组有效率85．2％（23／27）,高于单药顺铂组60．O％（15／25）,两组差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论：胸腔置管闭式引流后注入甘露聚糖肽联合顺铂是一种治疗恶性胸腔积液有效、安全的方法。     

甘露聚糖肽联合顺铂胸腔内灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床观察

目的:评价甘露聚糖肽联合顺铂胸腔内灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床疗效及毒副反应。方法:60例恶性胸腔积液患者随机分为两组。所有患者均在经中心静脉导管胸腔持续闭式引流后灌注治疗,治疗组（31例）:甘露聚糖肽80-100mg,顺铂60mg胸腔内灌注;对照组（29例）:单用顺铂60mg胸腔内灌注。上述治疗每周2次,连续1-2周。结果:治疗组总有效率为83.9%（26/31）,明显优于对照组的58.6%（17/29）,差异有显著意义（P<0.05）。治疗组生活质量改善率为71.0%,也显著高于对照组的44.8%（P<0.05）。毒副反应主要为轻度消化道反应、白细胞降低及发热、胸痛。结论:甘露聚糖肽联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液有良好的协同作用,能改善生活质量,毒副反应轻,值得临床广泛应用。     

甘露聚糖肽联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液疗效观察

目的观察甘露聚糖肽联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床疗效和毒副反应。方法 48例恶性胸腔积液患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组24例。胸腔闭式引流胸腔积液后,治疗组胸腔注射甘露聚糖肽20 mg和顺铂60 mg,对照组单药顺铂60 mg胸腔注射。2组均每周1次,连续3周。1个月后观察2组疗效及毒副反应。结果治疗组缓解率83.3%,对照组缓解率62.5%(P<0.05);治疗组KPS评分改善率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组毒副反应明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论甘露聚糖肽联合顺铂治疗恶性胸腔积液疗效满意。     

顺铂联合甘露聚糖肽胸腔注射治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床分析

目的 观察中心静脉导管胸腔引流并顺铂联合甘露聚糖肽(多抗)胸腔注射治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床疗效和毒副反应. 方法106例恶性胸腔积液患者随机分为两组:治疗组58例,对照组48例.胸腔置入中心静脉导管排尽胸腔积液后,治疗组胸腔注射顺铂和甘露聚糖肽,对照组胸腔注射顺铂.两组均每周重复,治疗2次后观察近期疗效、毒副反应及生活质量改善情况. 结果治疗组RR 82.8%,对照组RR 56.3%;治疗组的生活质量也较对照组明显改善.经统计学处理均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗组胃肠道反应与骨髓抑制均低于对照组.结论 中心静脉导管胸腔引流并顺铂联合甘露聚糖肽治疗恶性胸腔积液疗效好、毒性反应轻,值得推广使用.     

顺铂联合甘露聚糖肽与联合OK-432胸腔注射治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床分析

[目的]对比观察中心静脉导管胸腔引流并顺铂联合甘露聚糖肽（多抗）或OK-432（沙培林）治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床疗效和毒副反应。[方法]99例恶性胸腔积液病人，随机分为2组：甘露聚糖肽组（A组）53例，OK432组（B组）46例。行中心静脉导管胸腔引流术，A组胸腔注射甘露聚糖肽和顺铂，B组胸腔注射0K432和顺铂。两组均每周重复，连续2～4周。[结果]A组RR43例（81．1％）。B组RR39例（84．8％），两组有效率无统计学差异（P=0．631）。A组有3例（5．7％）病人发热，B组有24例（52．2％）病人发热（P〈0．001）。[结论]中心静脉导管胸腔引流并顺铂联合甘露聚糖肽或OK432治疗恶性胸腔积液均较安全且方便，临床疗效相似，但沙培林组发热的发生率远高于甘露聚糖肽组。     

重组人血管内皮抑素联合顺铂胸腔循环热灌注治疗肺癌合并恶性胸腔积液的疗效观察

目的：观察重组人血管内皮抑素联合顺铂胸腔热灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床疗效和不良反应.方法：将90例合并恶性胸腔积液患者随机分为2组,每组45例.A组重组人血管内皮抑素＋顺铂联合组：胸腔热灌注术循环时胸腔内注入顺铂40mg,术毕胸腔内注入重组人血管内皮抑制素30mg,2次/周,连续3周;B组顺铂组：胸腔热灌注术循环时胸腔内注入顺铂40mg,2次/周,连续3周.评价近期疗效、生活质量及不良反应.结果：A组RR 86.67％,B组53.33％ （P ＜0.01）.A组生活质量改善者32例（71.11％）,B组19例（42.22％）（P＜0.01）.结论：重组人血管内皮抑素联合顺铂胸腔热灌注治疗恶性胸腔积液疗效显著,可明显改善患者的生活质量,不良反应小.     

胸腔闭式引流并腔内注射α-甘露聚糖肽治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床观察

目的:探索经中心静脉导管行胸腔闭式引流并腔内注射α-甘露聚糖肽治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床疗效.方法: 64例恶性胸腔积液患者随机分为α-甘露聚糖肽组33例和白介素-Ⅱ组31例,两组均接受中心静脉导管胸腔闭式引流,待胸腔积液尽量排净时分别向胸腔内注入α-甘露聚糖肽20mg和白介素-Ⅱ 60万U,观察两组用药后疗效(完全缓解、部分缓解、稳定、无效)和不良反应发生率,计算总有效率.结果:α-甘露聚糖肽组胸腔积液总有效率优于白介素-Ⅱ组(81.82% vs 58.06% ).不良反应发生率低.结论: 经中心静脉导管胸腔闭式引流并注入α-甘露聚糖肽治疗恶性胸腔积液,创伤小,简单有效,可减轻患者胸腔积液的症状、提高其生活质量.     

胸壁、纵隔

胸腺囊肿（附16例报告）；胸腔肿瘤非抽吸式穿刺活检2100例分析；顺铂联合甘露聚糖肽胸腔灌注治疗乳腺癌恶性胸腔积液55例；顺铂联合香菇多糖治疗恶性胸腔积液的临床观察。     

Temozolomide in combination with fotemustine in patients with metastatic melanoma

Purpose  Temozolomide and fotemustine are both active drugs for treating metastatic melanoma. The present study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with temozolomide + fotemustine in patients with metastatic melanoma. Methods  Forty patients (median age 50.5 and 22 males) with pathologically confirmed, unresectable, AJCO stage IV melanoma were enrolled into the study. The primary endpoints were tumor response and safety. Patients received oral temozolomide 125 mg/m² on days 1–7 and intravenous fotemustine 80 mg/m² on day 3 every 3 weeks. Results  Fourteen (35%) patients achieved an objective response, including 3 (7.5%) complete and 11 (27.5%) partial responses. Median overall survival time was 6.7 months and 6-month survival rate was 57.4%. Myelosupression, particularly thrombocytopenia, was the primary toxicity. Conclusion  The regimen, temozolomide combined with fotemustine, is an active and moderately safe first-line chemotherapy regimen with acceptable and easily manageable toxicities in patients with metastatic melanoma.     

Docetaxel in combination with dacarbazine in patients with advanced melanoma

OBJECTIVES: The number of agents that are active in patients with metastatic melanoma is limited and cure is not a realistic objective for treatment at this stage. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of new combination regimen cosisting of docetaxel and dacarbazine (DTIC), as first-line chemotherapy, in patients with advanced melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with advanced melanoma (including cerebral metastases) were eligible. Docetaxel 80 mg/m(2), i.v. over 1 h infusion on day 1, and DTIC 400 mg/m(2), i.v. over 45 min on days 1 and 2, were given every 21 days, for six cycles. All patients were premedicated, prior to each course, with methylprednisolone per os. RESULTS: Forty-one patients entered the study. Thirty-nine were assessable for response and 40 for toxicity. Objective responses were seen in 10 patients (24% of the eligible; 95% CI = 12.4-40.3%, 26% of the assessable and 28% of patients with cerebral metastases were excluded). Three of them achieved a complete response (7%; 95% CI = 1.5-19.9) and 7 a partial response (17%; 95% CI = 7.1-32.0), while 8 patients demonstrated stabilization of their disease (20%; 95% CI = 8.8-34.9). After a median follow-up of 20 months, the median time to progression was 7 months (range 0.5-22) and the median survival was 10 months (1-24+). The main toxicity (G3-4) was neutropenia which occurred in 8/40 (20%) patients. Additional patients had reversible G3-4 toxicities including alopecia, nausea and vomiting and fatigue; 3 of them presented mild to moderate hypersensitivity reactions to docetaxel. No toxic death was noted. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of docetaxel and DTIC is active and well tolerated in patients with advanced melanoma. While this combination is at least as effective as various combination regimens, it does not differ from that reported for single-agent DTIC.     

再放疗并同步使用Docetaxel在鼻咽癌放疗后复发病人中的应用

目的:不能手术切除的鼻咽癌放疗后再复发的病人,其治疗困难,化疗疗效差,而单独再放疗只能挽救一小部分病人,本文探讨再放疗并同步使用多西紫彬醇(Docetaxel)在鼻咽癌首次放疗后复发病人中可行性及毒副反应,并评价其疗效。方法:对11例鼻咽癌足量放疗后经组织病理学证实复发、而无法行手术及腔内放疗的患者进行了同步放化疗。放疗采用三维适形放疗,外照射鼻咽部,分次量为1.8Gy,总剂量为36Gy-39.6Gy。化疗采用Docetaxel,15mg/m2,每周一次,静脉滴注。结果:10%、33%的患者分别出现Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度皮肤反应,18%、10%的病人分别出现Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度黏膜反应,18%患者出现Ⅲ度恶心呕吐,27%的患者出现Ⅲ度-Ⅳ度白细胞下降,10%患者出现Ⅲ度血小板下降。1例患者因严重的黏膜反应致使治疗延迟2周。治疗结束后,9例(82%)患者达到CR,2例(18%)达到PR,反应率为100%。结论:对于放疗后局部复发的鼻咽癌患者,采用同步放化疗,3D-CRT同时每周使用Docetaxel是可行的,其毒性反应在可以接受的范围内,短期疗效显著。     

Preoperative treatment with bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy in patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal carcinoma

Purpose

This prospective observational study assessed the efficacy of bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy as preoperative treatment to downsize tumours for radical resection in patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Patients/methods

Patients with mCRC initially unresectable according to predefined criteria were included. Preoperative treatment consisted of bevacizumab (5 mg/kg) combined with oxaliplatin- or irinotecan-based chemotherapy, which was followed by surgery in patients showing clinical benefit. Resection rate was the primary endpoint. Response rate (RR) and clinical benefit of preoperative chemotherapy, and overall survival (OS) were secondary endpoints.

Results

A total of 120 eligible patients were included and received preoperative treatment. Chemotherapy was irinotecan-based in 73 (61 %) patients, oxaliplatin-based in 25 (21 %) and 22 (18 %) patients received more than one line. A RR of 30 % and a clinical benefit rate of 73 % were observed with preoperative chemotherapy. Metastatic resection was possible in 61 (51 %) patients. Median OS was 33 months (95 % CI 31–NA months) for patients undergoing surgery, and 15 months (95 % CI 11–25 months) in non-operated patients. Thirty-five patients experienced 59 postoperative complications (morbidity rate 57 %).

Conclusion

Preoperative bevacizumab-based chemotherapy offers a high surgical rescue rate in patients with initially unresectable mCRC.     

Concomitant radiotherapy with chemotherapy in patients with glioblastoma

Glioblastomas are the most frequent and the most aggressive primary brain tumors in adults. Therapeutic strategy is challenging because of radioresistance and chemoresistance explaining the poor prognosis (median survival of 12 months). Standard therapy consisted until recently of surgery and postoperative radiotherapy while the impact of chemotherapy (investigated as adjuvant, neo adjuvant therapy or concomitant with irradiation) was a matter of debate. However a recent phase III study has concluded to the benefit of adjuvant temozolomide administered during and after radiotherapy. This strategy is yet to become a standard.