绝经后妇女椎体骨折与骨密度的对照研究

目的探讨绝经后妇女骨质疏松性椎体骨折与骨密度的关系。方法随机选择椎体骨折的绝经后妇女120例为骨折组，无椎体骨折的120例绝经后妇女为对照组。两组的年龄、身高、体重等差异无显著性，均行胸腰椎正侧位X线摄片。用双能X线吸收仪（DXA）测量腰椎（L2-4）前后位及髋部骨密度（BMD）和T值。结果骨折组腰椎及髋部BMD和T值均低于对照组（P≤0．05）。结论腰椎BMD降低与绝经后妇女的骨质疏松性椎体骨折相关，髋部骨密度值的降低在一定程度上也能提示骨折的危险性。绝经后骨质疏松妇女应重视BMD变化，预防椎体骨折的发生。     

骨密度结合股骨颈颈干角对各型髋部骨质疏松性骨折风险的预测

目的：探讨股骨近端骨密度和股骨颈颈干角与髋部骨质疏松性骨折的相关性。方法收集在我院住院的髋部骨折患者100例和健康老年对照组100例,采用美国GE公司生产的LUNAR-Bravo双能X线骨密度仪及其配置的高级骨科专用分析测量软件,分析股骨近端骨密度和股骨颈颈干角与骨质疏松的相关性。结果髋部骨折组与对照组比较,髋部骨折组BMD较对照组有明显下降,股骨外侧皮质骨厚度明显减小,股骨颈干角（ NSA）较对照组钝。结论髋部骨密度结合股骨颈颈干角变化特点可以提高对各型髋部骨质疏松骨折危险性的预测。     

绝经后妇女骨质疏松性椎体骨折与腰椎骨密度的关系

目的探讨绝经后妇女骨质疏松性椎体骨折与腰椎骨密度的关系。方法选择骨质疏松性椎体骨折的绝经后妇女23例为骨折组,无椎体骨折的25例绝经后骨质疏松妇女为对照组。两组的年龄、绝经年限、身高、体重、体重指数差异无显著性,均行胸腰椎正侧位X线摄片。用双能X线吸收仪（DXA）测量的腰椎（L2-4）前后位骨密度（BMD）、骨矿含量（BMC）和T值。结果骨折组BMD、BMC和T值均低于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论腰椎BMD降低与绝经后妇女的骨质疏松性椎体骨折相关。绝经后骨质疏松妇女应重视BMD变化,预防椎体骨折的发生。     

骨质疏松症患者腰椎平均BMD与腰椎椎体骨折相关性研究

目的 探讨骨质疏松症患者腰椎平均骨密度(BMD)与腰椎椎体骨折的关系.方法 选择2010年1月~2011年1月来我院治疗骨质疏松性椎体骨折96例患者为骨折组,42例无腰椎椎体骨折者作为对照组.采用双能X线骨密度仪对两组患者腰椎正位(L2-4)BMD进行测定.结果 骨质疏松患者腰椎椎体骨折组患者BMD相对对照组较低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 腰椎BMD降低与绝经后妇女的骨质疏松性椎体骨折相关.     

老年人膝关节置换术后1年腰椎和髋部骨密度变化的研究

目的 研究置换人工膝关节的65岁以上老年患者骨质疏松的患病比例,观察人工膝关节置换对全身骨密度(腰椎、髋部)的影响.方法 自2006年至2007年纳入65岁及以上的老年患者共38例作为研究对象,患者均因退行性骨关节炎行人工膝关节置换.分别于术前、术后3、6和12个月用双能X线骨密度吸收仪(DEXA)测定腰椎和髋关节髋部的骨密度,随访患者的膝关节功能并作HSS评分.结果 手术时平均年龄71.7岁(65～83岁),63.2%患者并存骨质疏松.术前的膝关节活动度平均5°～85°,平均HSS评分为48分(27～67分);术后12个月,膝关节的活动度平均0°～95°,平均HSS评分为92分(84～97分).术后3和6个月的腰椎、髋部骨密度与术前的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后12个月,患者腰椎、髋部骨密度较术前明显增加(P<0.05).结论 老年膝关节退行性骨关节炎患者并存骨质疏松或骨量减少的比例较高,人工膝关节置换可增加腰椎和同侧髋部的骨密度,腰椎和髋部骨折风险在术后12个月内有下降的趋势,提示人工膝关节置换在提高关节功能的同时有可能减少骨质疏松性骨折的发生.     

肱骨近端、髋部骨折老年女性骨密度和骨代谢指标对比研究

目的对髋部、肱骨近端骨折老年女性的骨密度和骨代谢指标进行对比分析,进一步揭示上述骨折部位女性患者骨密度和骨代谢指标特征性变化情况。方法经患者及家属同意,共纳入62例老年髋部骨折女性患者(其中股骨颈骨折39例,股骨粗隆间骨折23例)、肱骨近端骨折21例,收集患者年龄、检测患者骨密度、血清骨转换指标(Ⅰ型胶原氨基端延长肽,P1NP;Ⅰ型胶原C端肽β降解产物,β-CTX)。结果肱骨近端骨折女性患者平均年龄为(66.1±8.0)岁,明显小于股骨颈骨折、粗隆间骨折女性患者(P<0.05);肱骨近端骨折女性髋部(T=-1.19±0.66)、腰椎骨密度(T=-1.67±1.00)明显高于粗隆间骨折女性髋部(T=-2.36±1.17)、腰椎骨密度(T=-2.61±1.42)(P<0.05),同时显著高于股骨颈骨折患者髋部骨密度(T=-2.33±0.99)。股骨颈骨折、股骨粗隆间骨折患者髋部、腰椎骨密度相比差异无统计学意义;三组间血清P1NP比较差异没有统计学意义,粗隆间骨折女性血清β-CTX(732.18±334.37μg/L)要明显高于肱骨近端骨折患者(529.66±292.34μg/L)(P<0.05)。结论相对于髋部骨折患者,肱骨近端骨折老年女性患者年龄较低,骨密度相对较高;骨吸收活跃可能是导致粗隆间骨折女性骨密度下降的原因。     

绝经后女性股骨近端骨密度与骨质疏松性骨折相关性研究

目的：研究绝经后女性股骨近端骨密度的变化规律与骨质疏松症、骨质疏松性骨折间的关系。方法采用法国Medlink公司Osteocore 3型双能X线骨密度仪,对本地区417例绝经后女性股骨颈、大转子、粗隆间、全髋进行骨密度测定。结果骨折组各年龄段、各部位的BMD均比非骨折组低（ P＜0．05）。随着年龄的增长,股骨近端骨量逐渐丢失,除了45～50组,其余各年龄段骨折组的患病率明显高于非骨折组（ P＜0．05）,骨密度值越低,骨折危险性越大。结论绝经后女性股骨近端骨密度与发生骨质疏松性骨折的风险呈明显负相关性,应该注意预防。     

老年性髋部骨折骨密度与骨形态计量学的关系

目的通过老年髋部骨折患者骨密度的测定和骨组织形态计量分析,探讨骨质疏松性骨折骨密度与骨结构的关系。方法选择低、中能量创伤所致髋部骨折需要手术治疗的老年患者30例,分为2组,男性14例,女性16例。以双能X线吸收骨密度仪(DEXA)测量患者健侧股骨近端大转子BMD。手术中用切面积1cm×1cm的环钻于患侧股骨大转子间区松质骨按统一标准定位后,钻取骨柱,进行骨组织形态计量学观察与分析。结果根据BMD测定的结果男性患者能诊断为骨质疏松症的有9例(64.29%),女性患者能诊断为骨质疏松症的有12例(75.00%)。骨组织形态计量学结果提示老年男女骨结构参数差异不明显,无统计学意义。老年男、女性股骨大转子BMD均与%Tb.Ar、Tb.Th、Tb.N、N/F成正相关,与Tb.Sp成负相关(P<0.05)。结论老年人男女两个组的股骨近端转子间区骨组织形态计量参数无明显差异,股骨近端转子间区的BMD与骨结构有一定的相关性,骨形态计量学分析较BMD更可靠、更敏感、更真实地反映骨质疏松的情况。     

老年人骨质疏松与髋部骨折发病关系的分析

目的探讨骨质疏松与老年人髋部骨折的关系。方法采用随机分组设计测量了120名老年人股骨颈骨折及股骨粗隆间骨折患者与正常对照组的Singh指数、股骨颈皮质指数和股骨外侧皮质骨厚度。结果显示两组之间有非常显著（P〈0．01）的统计学差异。结论骨质疏松是老年人髋部骨折的主要致病因素之一。采用X线片评定股骨近端骨量改变对于预测髋部骨折的危险性具有一定价值。     

OPG基因敲除小鼠骨质疏松情况的研究

目的研究护骨素（Osteoprotegerin，OPG）基因敲除纯合子小鼠（homozygous OPG knockout mice，OPG^-1- mice）骨质疏松发生情况，为OPG^-1-小鼠骨质疏松模型的应用提供依据。方法非频密繁殖法获得OPG^-1-小鼠，PCR技术进行OPG基因表型鉴定。16周龄OPG^-1-子代小鼠和16周OPG野生型小鼠各10只，采用双能X线骨密度测量仪（DEXA）测定全身骨密度（Bone mineral density，BMD）、万能材料试验机测定股骨生物力学强度；骨组织形态计量学分析L5椎体骨小梁结构；实时荧光定量PCR检测L1椎体骨组织中BMP-2、Runx2 mRNA表达水平。结果OPG^-1-子代小鼠和亲代纯合子小鼠表现出相同的OPG基因缺失表型。与同龄野生型小鼠比较，16周龄OPG^-1-小鼠全身骨密度、股骨承受最大载荷、股骨结构刚度、腰椎椎体骨小梁数目、腰椎椎体骨小梁厚度显著下降（t=5．740，6．069，6．859，6．891，3．558，P〈0．01）；股骨承受破裂载荷、腰椎椎体骨小梁体积分数下降（t=3．157，3．329，P〈0．05）；股骨承受载荷后的最大位移、破裂位移显著增加（t=-3．868，-3．276，P〈0．01）；腰椎椎体骨小梁分离度增加（t=-2．575，P〈0．05），腰椎椎体Runx2 mRNA表达升高（t=-3．738，P〈0．05）；腰椎椎体中BMP-2 mRNA表达升高不明显，差异无统计学意义（t=-1．589，P〉0．05）。结论OPG^-1-小鼠表现出明显的骨质疏松，是一种理想的骨质疏松模式动物。     

骨密度在髋部骨质疏松性骨折风险评估中的价值

目的评估骨密度在髋部脆性骨折风险预测中的临床价值。方法回顾性研究2014年6月至2019年6月在我院创伤骨科住院的老年髋部骨折患者72例,作为病例组,其中股骨转子间骨折31例,股骨颈骨折41例;对照组选择同期我院骨外科门诊老年体检者63例。使用DXA方法测量患者腰椎和健侧髋部(全髋部、转子间、股骨颈、Ward’s区)的骨密度;对照组测量腰椎和左侧髋部骨密度,统计分析测量结果。结果①骨折组腰椎、髋部骨密度均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);②转子间骨折组和股骨颈骨折组在腰椎和髋部区域骨密度比较差异均无统计学意义(P 0.05);③骨折组与对照组在转子间区的T值降低比例最大为122.1%,腰椎降低幅度最小为31.3%,余髋部的T值均有不同程度降低;④骨折后髋部和腰椎T值比存在倒置现象;⑤对照组和骨折组髋部骨质疏松程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);两组患者腰椎骨质疏松程度比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论①髋部骨折患者骨密度均显著低于体检者,提示骨密度与髋部骨折具有一定相关性,但与髋部骨折类型无关;②在髋部骨折风险评估中,髋部骨密度相比腰椎更有价值;③当髋部与腰椎T值比出现倒置时,将不可避免发生髋部骨折;④骨量正常的部分患者发生了脆性骨折,而骨质疏松的部分患者却未发生骨折,表明影响骨折发生的因素除了骨密度外,可能和骨骼的微结构有关。     

A prospective study of discordance in diagnosis of osteoporosis using spine and proximal femur bone densitometry

 The T-score definition of osteoporosis, originally intended for epidemiologic research in this condition, is frequently used in making treatment decisions for individual patients. Discordance in classification depending on the site and type of measurement has been reported in retrospective and cross-sectional studies, but the impact of such discordance on clinical practice is unknown. This is potentially important in view of a recent proposal to confine osteoporosis diagnosis to densitometry at the hip. Having excluded those with degenerative changes in the lumbar spine, we compared the T-score classification of a prospective cohort of patients referred for their first dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan, analyzing data for men and women in 10-year age groups. Total hip and neck of femur DXA identified significantly fewer osteoporotic patients than spine DXA, and this reduced sensitivity could not be improved by adjusting the T-score threshold without an unacceptable increase in non-osteoporotic cases. The majority of patients undetected by proximal femur DXA were at significantly increased risk of vertebral fracture. DXA at the lumbar spine had only moderate sensitivity and specificity for osteoporosis redefined by total hip densitometry, indicating differential rates of bone loss at the proximal femur and spine. We conclude that, as the most usual indication for bone densitometry is to aid the determination of an individual's fracture risk, both proximal femur and lumbar spine should continue to be assessed. Received: 19 November 2001 / Accepted: 2 August 2002     

围绝经期女性骨密度特点分析

目的总结并分析围绝经期女性腰椎1-4、股骨颈及髋关节部位的骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)及其临床特点。方法收集2017年12月至2018年6月在我院住院部住院并进行双能X线吸收法骨密度检测的183例围绝经期女性,分别测定其腰椎1-4总体BMD、左侧股骨颈及左髋关节全部BMD,同时分析比较年龄、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)与骨质疏松的关系。结果 183例患者中,检出骨质疏松39例(21. 3%),其中腰椎1-4、左股骨颈和左髋关节BMD各检出骨质疏松33例(18. 0%)、20例(10. 9%)、13例(7. 1%)。腰椎总体骨质情况与股骨颈、髋关节检查结果相符的各有129例(70. 5%)、119例(65. 0%),股骨颈总体骨质情况与髋关节检查结果相符的有137例(74. 9%)。在骨质疏松组、骨量减少组和骨量正常组,同一组病人腰椎1-4骨密度左髋关节骨密度左侧股骨颈骨密度,组间差异均有统计学意义。年龄、BMI与骨质疏松的发生均相关。骨质疏松与年龄呈正相关,与BMI、腰椎1-4总BMD、左股骨颈BMD、左髋关节BMD负相关,腰椎1-4 BMD与骨质疏松相关程度最高。结论腰椎整体骨密度呈现虚假升高趋势,腰椎1-4 BMD诊断骨质疏松的敏感性和特异性分别为84. 6%、100%,股骨颈分别为51. 3%、100%,髋关节分别为33. 3%、100%;年龄增长、BMI偏低会增加围绝经期妇女罹患骨质疏松的风险。     

Device-specific thresholds to diagnose osteoporosis at the proximal femur: an approach to interpreting peripheral bone measurements in clinical practice

INTRODUCTION: A single T score criterion cannot be universally applied to different peripheral bone measurement devices, since measurements in an identical population result in a tenfold difference in the prevalence of osteoporosis. The use of peripheral devices is increasing in clinical practice, despite the difficulties in interpreting results. We propose the use of two thresholds, which have either 95% sensitivity or 95% specificity, to identify (1) individuals who require treatment or (2) individuals who require no treatment, both based on a peripheral measurement alone, or (3) individuals who require additional central densitometry measurements. METHODS: We recruited 500 postmenopausal women, 100 premenopausal women and 279 women with proximal femoral, vertebral, distal forearm or proximal humeral fractures. All subjects underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements of the lumbar spine, total hip and distal forearm, quantitative computed tomography (QCT) of the distal forearm and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of the heel (four devices), finger (two devices), radius and metatarsal. We identified the threshold for each device that identified women without osteoporosis with the same sensitivity (upper threshold set at 95%) as total hip DXA and women with osteoporosis with the same specificity (lower threshold set at 95%) as total hip DXA. Individuals between the two thresholds required additional examination by central densitometry. RESULTS: The correlation between devices varied from 0.173 (QUS finger) to 0.686 (DXA forearm) compared with total hip DXA (P<0.0001). The area under the curve (AUC) between devices varied from 0.604 (QUS finger) to 0.896 (DXA forearm) compared with total hip DXA (P<0.0001). In a population-based cohort (prevalence of osteoporosis 9.8%) the threshold approach appropriately identified between 26% (QUS heel) and 68% (DXA forearm) of subjects in whom a treatment decision could be made without additional central DXA with 95% certainty. In a fracture cohort (prevalence of osteoporosis 36%) between 16% (QUS finger) and 37% (QCT forearm) of subjects were appropriately identified. CONCLUSION: The threshold approach to interpreting peripheral bone measurements enables a substantial number of individuals with either normal bone mineral density (BMD) or osteoporosis to be selected and treated appropriately.     

绝经后妇女身高缩短程度与骨质疏松发生的关系研究

目的探讨绝经后妇女身高缩短程度与骨质疏松发生的关系。方法随机选择绝经后妇女进行健康问卷调查,包括现在、年轻时身高;用双能X线骨密度仪测定腰椎、髋部骨密度,分为骨质疏松组和无骨质疏松组;用SPSS 20.0统计软件统计分析。结果共筛选入组263例,骨质疏松组160例、无骨质疏松组103名:(1)两组资料的一般比较:年龄、身高缩短(H/cm)、BMI、膝关节炎、腰椎间盘突出等因素差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),身高、体重、绝经年龄等因素无统计学意义(P0.05);(2)各因素与骨密度的相关性分析:身高缩短、关节炎等因素与腰椎、髋部骨密度呈负相关,腰椎间盘突出与腰椎骨密度呈负相关、与髋部骨密度无相关性;以身高缩短作为因变量,骨质疏松、关节炎、腰椎间盘突出为变量进行多重线性回归分析:y=0.027+0.008×骨质疏松+0.009×膝关节炎+0.003×腰椎间盘突出,标准回归系数依次为0.183、0.171、0.063,骨质疏松对身高缩短程度影响最大,其次是膝关节炎;(3)263例不同身高缩短的分布情况:身高缩短H3 cm,无骨质疏松和有骨质疏松占各本组的31.1%和50.0%;从箱式图可以知道三组身高缩短均值从高到低依次是:重度骨质疏松、轻度骨质疏松、无骨质疏松。结论绝经后妇女身高缩短与骨密度呈负相关,骨质疏松能够影响身高缩短,身高缩短越大骨质疏松越严重。身高缩短3 cm时提示可能发生骨质疏松。     

广东省女性绝经后原发性骨质疏松症调查分析

目的探讨广东省女性绝经后骨密度的变化规律及其影响因素相关分析。方法本研究通过对广东省50～87岁的1772名中老年人完成骨质疏松症问卷调查和进行双能X-ray骨密度测量。筛选绝经后原发性骨质疏松症患者274例,以5岁为1个年龄段,将其分成7个组。分析腰椎和髋部BMD值的变化规律。体重指数、脂肪含量与骨密度的关系。结果广东省不同城市女性原发性骨质疏松症患病率为11.1%～19.2%,总体患病率为15.5%。体重指数与髋部neck、Total骨密度相关系数(r=0.282,r=0.272,P<0.05),脂肪含量与腰椎正位Total骨密度相关系数(r=0.086,P<0.05)。结论广东省女性骨质疏松症患者腰椎骨密度在55～65岁和70～79岁两个年龄段丢失明显,髋部骨密度丢失在65岁以后下降速率加快。体重指数与髋部骨密度值有一定相关性,脂肪含量和腰椎骨密度值有较小相关性。     

Clinical utility of spine bone density in elderly women.

It is common clinical practice to obtain a bone density measurement at both the hip and spine to evaluate osteoporosis. With aging, degenerative changes in the lumbar spine may elevate the bone mineral density (BMD) results giving false assurances that the fracture risk at the spine is low. We examined the association of spine osteoarthritis and bone mineral density in 1082 community-dwelling ambulatory older women aged 50-96 years who participated in a 1992-1996 osteoporosis research clinic visit. The BMD was measured at the hip and posteroanterior (PA) and lateral lumbar spine using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Spine osteoarthritis was identified on the PA lumbar spine DXA images by a musculoskeletal radiologist. Forty percent of women had evidence of spine osteoarthritis (OA). Women with spine OA had a mean age of 77.4 yr (95% confidence interval [CI]: 76.5-78.2), were significantly older than women without spine OA (mean age, 66.8 yr; 95% CI: 65.9-67.7), and were more likely to have prevalent radiographic fractures (14.2% vs. 9.5%; p<0.05). Age-adjusted BMD at the femoral neck, total hip, PA spine, and lateral spine was significantly higher in women with spine OA. Women with spine OA were more likely to have osteoporosis by the World Health Organization classification at the femoral neck and total hip than those without spine OA, but less likely based on the PA spine (14.4% vs. 24.5%). Despite higher BMD levels, women with OA of the lumbar spine had higher prevalence of osteoporosis at the hip and more radiographic vertebral fractures. In elderly women 65 yr and older who are likely to have spine OA, the DXA measurement of the spine may not be useful in assessing fracture risk, and DXA of the hip is recommended for identification of osteoporosis.     

电针对去卵巢大鼠骨密度及生物力学的影响

目的研究电针对去卵巢骨质疏松模型大鼠骨密度(BMD)、生物力学的影响。方法选取60只雌性SD大鼠,随机分为空白组、模型组、假手术组、药物组、电针组,每组12只。空白组不做任何处理;假手术组只暴露双侧卵巢但不切除;其余3组行双侧切卵巢法建立骨质疏松模型大鼠。造模13周后开始治疗,电针组取"肾俞"、"脾俞"、"三阴交"、"足三里",每次电针刺激15 min(断续波,2 Hz,1.0m A)并灌服与药物组相同体积的蒸馏水,每日1次,连续治疗5 d,间隔2 d,20 d为1个疗程,共3个疗程;药物组大鼠以戊酸雌二醇水溶液(0.02 mg/mL,1 mL/100 g体质量)灌胃,疗程同电针组;空白组不予处理,常规饲养;模型组、假手术组大鼠灌服与药物组相同体积的蒸馏水,疗程同电针组。治疗结束后麻醉处死大鼠,分离股骨和第4腰椎,双能X射线骨密度检测仪检测股骨和腰椎BMD;三点弯曲法和压缩法检测股骨和腰椎生物力学。结果与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠股骨和第四腰椎离体BMD、股骨和第四腰椎的最大载荷及弹性模量均显著性降低(P0.01);与模型组相比,电针组、药物组大鼠股骨和第四腰椎离体BMD、股骨和第四腰椎的最大载荷及弹性模量均显著性升高(P0.01);电针组、药物组大鼠股骨和第四腰椎离体BMD、股骨和第四腰椎的最大载荷及弹性模量均显著性低于假手术组(P0.01)。结论针刺能有效增加大鼠骨密度,阻止骨量降低,减缓骨力学的退变,增强骨强度,对绝经后骨质疏松症具有一定的治疗作用。     

Femur ultrasound (FemUS)—first clinical results on hip fracture discrimination and estimation of femoral BMD

Summary

A quantitative ultrasound (QUS) device for measurements at the proximal femur was developed and tested in vivo (Femur Ultrasound Scanner, FemUS). Hip fracture discrimination was as good as for DXA, and a high correlation with hip BMD was achieved. Our results show promise for enhanced QUS-based assessment of osteoporosis.

Introduction

Dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the femur is the best predictor of hip fractures, better than DXA measurements at other sites. Calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) can be used to estimate the general osteoporotic fracture risk, but no femoral QUS measurement has been introduced yet. We developed a QUS scanner for measurements at the femur (Femur Ultrasound Scanner, FemUS) and tested its in vivo performance.

Methods

Using the FemUS device, we obtained femoral QUS and DXA on 32 women with recent hip fractures and 30 controls. Fracture discrimination and the correlation with femur bone mineral density (BMD) were assessed.

Results

Hip fracture discrimination using the FemUS device was at least as good as with hip DXA and calcaneal QUS. Significant correlations with total hip bone mineral density were found with a correlation coefficient R ² up to 0.72 and a residual error of about one half of a T-score in BMD.

Conclusions

QUS measurements at the proximal femur are feasible and show a good performance for hip fracture discrimination. Given the promising results, this laboratory prototype should be reengineered to a clinical applicable instrument. Our results show promise for further enhancement of QUS-based assessment of osteoporosis.     

动力加压髋螺钉取出后钉道内植骨的生物力学意义

目的：探讨动力加压髋螺钉（DHS）内固定治疗股骨上段骨折愈合后,取出DHS以后不处理的股骨上段、钉道植骨的股骨上段和完整的股骨上段的生物力学特性,为临床DHS取出术后进一步治疗提供理论依据。方法：收集16具新鲜尸体股骨标本进行实验应力分析,分别测定完整股骨上段,DHS取出后不处理的股骨上段和DHS取出后钉道内植骨股骨的股骨上段的力学特性,结果：DHS取出术后,不处理的股骨上段与完整股骨上段、DHS取出术后钉道植骨的股骨上段的力学特性相比,差异有显著性（P＜0．01）。结论：股骨颈骨折DHS治疗骨折愈合取出固定后,应在股骨上段螺钉道内植骨补强,这有利于提高股骨上段的生物学性能,便于患者早期全负荷功能锻炼,防止再骨折和髋畸形等并发症的发生。