双芳环酰胺类及苯并咪唑类化合物的合成及其抗柯萨奇病毒活性研究

目的设计并合成一系列新的双芳环酰胺类和苯并咪唑类衍生物,对其抗柯萨奇病毒活性进行初步评价。方法考察双芳环中A环上3位和4位取代基、B环上取代基及双芳环间的酰胺链对活性的影响,并采用细胞病变程度(CPE)方法测定了目标化合物对柯萨奇病毒的抑制活性。结果与结论共合成了10个双芳环酰胺类和4个苯并咪唑类化合物,其中,11个目标化合物(1a~1c、2a~2d、3b、4b~4d)未见文献报道,所有目标化合物的结构经1H-NM R和ESI-M S确证。该类化合物抗柯萨奇病毒活性的初步筛选结果显示,多个化合物对柯萨奇病毒B3亚型具有抑制活性,其中化合物1c表现出最强的抑制活性,选择性指数达到106.38。     

新型吡啶-2-酮酰胺类化合物的设计、合成及抗乙肝病毒活性研究

目的设计合成吡啶-2-酮酰胺类新型化合物并对其进行抗病毒活性研究。方法以药效团模型为指导,经Heck反应、选择性硝化反应、催化氢化反应、酰化反应以及开环重排反应等设计合成目标化合物。所合成化合物经1H NMR谱图进行确证,并对其进行抗HBV-DNA复制活性筛选。结果设计合成的新型-2-吡啶酮酰胺类化合物对HBV-DNA复制都有一定的抑制活性,其中化合物6h、6e和6a抑制活性最好,值得进一步关注。结论吡啶环N原子上接有对乙氧基苯基时抑制HBV-DNA活性最好,为活性必须基团。     

3-苯并咪唑-6-(3,5-二甲氧基苯基)吲唑类FGFR抑制剂的合成及活性研究

目的 寻找具有新型骨架结构的成纤维细胞生长因子受体(FGFR)抑制剂.方法 基于活性化合物1和2的结构,利用“杂交”设计原理,设计并合成了一系列3-苯并咪唑-6-(3,5-二甲氧基苯基)吲唑类衍生物.结果 目标化合物经1 HNMR和质谱确证结构,并评价了其对人胃癌细胞SNU-16的增殖抑制活性.结论 该系列化合物均对FGFR高表达的肿瘤细胞有较好的增殖抑制活性,其中,化合物3g的IC50值达到0.32 μmol·L-1.3-苯并咪唑-6-(3,5-二甲氧基苯基)吲唑是一类新型的FGFR抑制剂骨架,值得进一步结构修饰研究.     

三环类环氧合酶-2选择性抑制剂的构效关系

按照中心环的结构分类综述三环类环氧合酶-2(COX-2)选择性抑制剂的构效关系。三环类COX-2选择性抑制剂是目前非甾体抗炎药中研究最多、也是最富有成果的一类化合物。     

四氢异喹啉衍生的异硫脲类化合物的合成及NOS抑制活性研究

目的设计、合成新的1，2，3，4-四氢异喹啉衍生的异硫脲类化合物，并研究其对NOS抑制活性。方法 将1，2，3，4-四氢异喹啉-2-基引入到异硫脲结构中，测试新合成的目标化合物的NOS抑制活性。结果和结论合成了22个未见文献报道的(烃亚胺基)(1，2，3，4-四氢异喹啉-2-基)甲基烃基硫醚类化合物(I类)和S-烃基-1-苯基-3-［4-(1，2，3，4-四氢异喹啉-2-基)亚甲基］苯基异硫脲类化合物(II类)，结构经IR，¹H NMR，MS及元素分析确证。初步药理筛选结果显示，部分I类目标化合物(I-9和I-13)的NOS抑制活性高于阳性对照样品氨基胍(AG)，而II类化合物的NOS抑制活性均较低。     

选择性环氧合酶-2抑制剂的疗效和不良反应

环氧合酶-2(COX-2)是环氧合酶-1(COX-1)的同工酶，共同参与前列腺素的生物合成。针对COX非选择性抑制荆的缺点，COX-2选择性抑制剂的发现是非甾体类抗炎药(NSAID)研究史上的一个里程碑，为开发疗效高、不良反应少的NSAID开拓了新的前景。在10多年的应用中，选择性COX-2抑制剂的疗效已被广大患者和医务工作者肯定，但越来越多的资料表明，选择性COX-2抑制剂并非是理想中高效低毒的NSAID，本文就其疗效和不良反应进行简要综述。     

苯乙烯基萘类化合物的合成及其CYP1B1酶抑制活性研究

目的寻找CYP1B1酶的高活性高选择性抑制剂。方法以α-萘黄酮为先导物,结合二苯乙烯类CYP1B1酶抑制剂的结构特征,设计了先导物的结构类似物α-(E)-苯乙烯基萘类(Ⅰ)及β-(E)-苯乙烯基萘类(Ⅱ、Ⅲ)化合物。目标化合物通过萘甲醛(6、7或8)及苄基膦酸酯(Ⅴ1～Ⅴ10)的Horner-Wadsworth-Em-mons反应制备。利用7-乙氧基-3H-吩口恶嗪-3-酮-脱乙基(EROD)试剂评价目标化合物对人重组CYP1A1和CYP1B1酶的抑制活性。结果合成了26个新型苯乙烯基萘类化合物,其结构通过1H-NMR确证。酶抑制活性试验表明,与阳性对照物白藜芦醇相比,大多数目标化合物对CYP1B1酶表现出较强的抑制活性及选择性。化合物Ⅰ2、Ⅰ8、Ⅲ2、Ⅲ4较α-萘黄酮显示更强的酶抑制活性及选择性。其中,化合物Ⅰ2对CYP1B1酶的抑制活性最强(IC50为0.31 nmol.L-1)。结论合成了新型苯乙烯基萘类CYP1B1酶抑制剂,并初步分析了其构效关系,为进一步的结构优化及新抑制剂的研究提供依据。     

环氧合酶2与新型抗炎药

自从非自体抗炎药（nonsteroidalanti-inflammatorydrugs，NSAIDS）广泛用于临床后，人们往往将其抗炎、解热、镇痛作用及其许多不良反应，均归于抑制前列腺素（prostaglandins，PGs）合成过程中的一个重要限速酶─-环氧合酶（cyclooxygenase，COX）。但是，随着对COX的深入研究，人们发现COX存在两种同工酶，分别为环氧合酶-1（COX-1）和环氧合酶-2（COX-2），这使人们对炎症中COX的作用和NSAIDs的药理机制有了进一步的认识，并随之产生了新的抗炎策略和对COX-2有选择性抑制作用的新型NSAIDS。1COX-2基因和蛋白COX-1基…     

环氧合酶-2和5-脂氧化酶双重抑制剂的研究进展

传统的非甾体抗炎药和选择性环氧合酶-2(COX-2)抑制剂在治疗炎症过程中引发胃肠道及肾脏不良反应.制约了其临床应用. COX-2和5-脂氧化酶(5-LOX)双重抑制剂同时抑制前列腺素(PGs)和炎症介质白三烯类(LTs)的生物合成.比单一的抑制剂抗炎效果好、安全性高,是一类有发展前景的新型非甾体抗炎药.笔者简要介绍COX-2/5-LOX双重抑制剂的研究进展,并讨论其作用机制及构效关系.     

N端为含氮杂环的新型羟乙基胺类BACE1抑制剂的设计、合成与活性评价

目的开发一类N端含氮杂环结构的新型羟乙基胺（hydroxyethylamine,HEA）类BACE1抑制剂,筛选对抑制活性有贡献的新型N端结构。方法设计并合成了8个N端为含氮杂环的HEA类化合物并鉴定其结构,同时,以儿茶酚类化合物（-）-表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）作为阳性对照,分别测定它们对BACE1的抑制活性。结果所有化合物均通过核磁共振氢谱和质谱确证其结构。BACE1抑制活性评价结果表明,其中N端为吲哚结构的化合物Ⅰ6表现出明显的抑制活性。结论含取代基的吲哚结构与BACE1的S2口袋具有一定的相互作用,有利于提高这类化合物对BACE1的抑制活性,可作为进一步研究的先导结构。     

1,5-二取代吡唑-3-甲酰胺类新化合物的合成及其生物活性

目的 设计合成新型1,5-二取代吡唑-3-甲酰胺类化合物,并对其抗ALK5活性进行初步评价.方法 以取代的苯乙酮及草酸二甲酯为原料,经多步反应合成目标化合物,用化学发光法检测报告基因表达产物萤火虫萤光素酶活性,计算化合物对ALK5的抑制率.结果与结论 共合成15个未见文献报道的新化合物,其结构经IR、1H-NMR和MS确证.初步生物活性评价结果显示化合物4g具有一定的抗ALK5活性.     

Discovery of a novel COX-2 inhibitor as an orally potent anti-pyretic and anti-inflammatory drug: design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship

Cyclooxygenase (COX) has been considered as a significant pharmacological target because of its pivotal roles in the prostaglandin biosynthesis and following cascades that lead to various (patho)physiological effects. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that suppress COX activities have been used clinically for the treatment of fever, inflammation, and pain; however, nonselective COX inhibitors exhibit serious side-effects such as gastrointestinal damage because of their inhibitory activities against COX-1. Thus, COX-1 is constitutive and expressed ubiquitously and serves a housekeeping role, while COX-2 is inducible or upregulated by inflammatory/injury stimuli such as interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and lipopolysaccharide in macrophage, monocyte, synovial, liver, and lung, and is associated with prostaglandin E₂ and prostacyclin production that evokes or sustains systemic/peripheral inflammatory symptoms. Also, hypersensitivity of aspirin is a significant concern clinically. Hence, design, synthesis, and structure–activity relationship of [2-{[(4-substituted)-pyridin-2-yl]carbonyl}-(6- or 5-substituted)-1H-indol-3-yl]acetic acid analogues were investigated to discover novel acid-type COX-2 inhibitor as an orally potent new-class anti-pyretic and anti-inflammatory drug. As significant findings, compounds 1–3 demonstrated potent COX-2 inhibitory activities with high selectivities for COX-2 over COX-1 in human cells or whole-blood in vitro, and demonstrated orally potent anti-pyretic activity against lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic-inflammatory fever model in F344 rats. Also compound 1 demonstrated orally potent anti-inflammatory activity against edema formation and a suppressive effect against PGE₂ production in carrageenan-induced peripheral-inflammation model on the paw of SD rats. These results suggest that compounds 1–3 are potential agents for the treatment of inflammatory disease and are useful for further pharmacological COX-2 inhibitor investigations.     

2,4,5-三芳基-1H-吡唑-3(2H)-酮类化合物的合成与生物活性评价

目的 设计合成2,4,5-三芳基-1H-吡唑-3(2H)-酮类化合物,并研究其对ALK5信号通路、COX-1和COX-2信号通路的抑制活性,以期发现新型的ALK5或COX抑制剂。方法 关键中间体3-氧代-2,3-芳基丙酸甲酯（6）可以由两种方法制备：一是由芳基醛（1）与芳基乙酸甲酯（2）Aldol缩合后经Swern氧化的方法得到;二是通过芳基酰氯（5）与芳基乙酸甲酯的钠盐（4）直接缩合得到。化合物6与4-腈基苯肼（7）缩合得到4-（3,4-二芳基-5-氧代吡唑啉-1-基]）苯腈（8）,将化合物8的腈基水解为酰氨得到化合物（9）。应用基于细胞的TGF-Smad2检测评价化合物的ALK5抑制活性; 采用化学发光法测试化合物对COX1和COX2的抑制活性;采用MTT法检测化合物的细胞毒性。结果与结论 本文所合成的化合物和中间体均为新化合物,所有目标化合物和大部分中间体的结构经过了核磁与质谱的确证,其中目标化合物18个。多个化合物显示具有很好的对ALK5信号通路、COX信号通路的抑制活性,并且细胞毒性较小。     

Synthesis and biological activity of annulated pyrazoles as selective COX-2 inhibitors. I.

A series of disubstituted 4,5-polymethylenepyrazoles were synthesized and evaluated their inhibitory activities against COX-2. Some compounds showed strong (0.3 nM) inhibitory activity on COX-2 and were found somewhat selective (up to 16) on COX-2 over COX-1.     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel imidazolone derivatives as potential COX-2 inhibitors

Three novel series of 2-(substituted phenyl)-4-(substituted arylidene)-imidazolone-5-(4H)-ones were derived from the corresponding oxazolones by condensation with different arylamines. Eleven of the synthesized compounds were selected and evaluated for their effect on carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. Compound 4b had the same efficacy as the reference standard (indomethacin), and compounds 3b, 3c, 4a, 4d and 9a showed good to excellent activities, with other compounds only weakly active. The potent compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against COX-2-catalyzed PGE(2) production, with 4a, 4b and 3c showing strong inhibitory activity.     

3，4—二苯基—3—吡咯啉—2—酮衍生物对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞环氧酶1和2的抑制作用

目的:建立腹腔巨噬细胞模型评价化合物对环氧酶1和2的抑制作用.方法:放免法测定calcimycin、脂多糖刺激细胞将内源性花生四烯酸转化为6-keto-PGF_(1α)或PGE_2的量.GAPDH和环氧酶1/2的RNA用RT-PCR测定.结果:Rofecoxib选择性抑制脂多糖诱导的PGE_2合成,IC_(50)为(4.7±0.5)nmol/L,而抑制calcimycin诱导的6-keto-PGF_(1α)合成最大抑制率为17.3％.吲哚美辛对环氧酶1和2的IC_(50)分别为(4.7±1.1)nmol/L和(7.1±1.2)nmol/L.17个化合物中,系列Ⅱ化合物的活性与rofecoxib相当.磺酰胺基和内酰胺环的相对位置对抑制环氧酶2的活性很重要.结论:模型适用于药物设计的体外评价.3,4-二苯基-3-吡咯啉-2-酮衍生物有望成为新的环氧酶2选择性抑制剂.     

Novel selective Cox-2 inhibitors induce apoptosis in Caco-2 colorectal carcinoma cell line

The cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors including celecoxib inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. As COX-2 is over expressed in solid tumors such as colorectal cancer, it can be a suitable target for cancer treatment studies. In this study we designed and synthesized 4,5-bisaryl imidazolyl imidazoles as novel COX-2 inhibitors and evaluated their apoptosis inducing activities. The ability of our synthetic compounds to inhibit ovine COX-1 and COX-2 was determined using a colorimetric method. The effects of these COX-2 inhibitors and celecoxib on the proliferation of Caco-2 cells were evaluated by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation assay. cDNA microarray technique was used to evaluate the effects of these synthetic compounds on 112 genes involved in apoptosis pathways. The expression of five apoptosis-related genes Bak-1, Bcl-x, BIRC (Survivin), TNFSF10 and CASP3 were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. Among our synthetic compounds (3a-c), 4,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl derivative (compound 3c) exhibited the highest COX-1/COX-2 selectivity index (SI=262.9) and lowest growth inhibitory concentration (IC(50)=21.20μM). In addition, compounds 3a-c could up-regulate pro-apoptotic genes and down-regulate anti-apoptotic genes. So, these synthetic compounds seem to be inducers of apoptosis in Caco-2 cell line. This study indicates that 4,5-bisaryl imidazolyl imidazole is a suitable scaffold to design COX-2 inhibitors and 4,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl derivative exhibited highly COX-2 inhibitory potency and selectivity even more than celecoxib. It seems that it could induce apoptosis in Caco-2 colorectal carcinoma cell line.     

Inhibitory mode of 1,5-diarylpyrazole derivatives against cyclooxygenase-2 and cyclooxygenase-1: molecular docking and 3D QSAR analyses

The Lamarckian genetic algorithm of AutoDock 3.0 has been employed to dock 40 1,5-diarylpyrazole class compounds into the active sites of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). The binding models were demonstrated in the aspects of inhibitor's conformation, subsite interaction, and hydrogen bonding. The data of geometrical parameters and RMSD values compared with the known inhibitor, SC-558 (43), show that these inhibitors interact respectively with COX-2 and COX-1 in a very similar way. The r(2) values of 0.648 for COX-2 and 0.752 for COX-1 indicate that the calculated binding free energies correlate well with the inhibitory activities. The structural and energetic differences in inhibitory potencies of 1,5-diarylpyrazoles were reasonably explored, and the COX-2/COX-1 selectivity was demonstrated by the three-dimensional (3D) interaction models of inhibitors complexing with these two enzymes. Using the binding conformations of 1,5-diarylpyrazoles, consistent and highly predictive 3D quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models were developed by performing comparative molecular field analyses (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity analyses (CoMSIA). The q(2) values are 0.635 and 0.641 for CoMFA and CoMSIA models, respectively. The predictive ability of these models was validated by SC-558 (43) and a set of 10 other compounds that were not included in the training set. Mapping these models back to the topology of the active site of COX-2 leads to a better understanding of vital diarylpyrazole compounds and COX-2 interactions. Structure-based investigations and the final 3D QSAR results provided possible guidelines and accurate activity predictions for novel inhibitor design.     

新型三唑类抗真菌化合物的合成及其活性初探

目的设计、合成三唑类抗真菌新化合物并进行活性筛选。方法分别以咪康唑和伊曲康唑为先导化合物，根据相关构效关系进行设计并合成；采用纸片琼脂扩散法和96孔微量稀释法测定各新化合物的体外抑菌活性。结果合成了12个1-三唑基-2-氟代苯基-3-取代氨基-2-丙醇类新化合物（M）和13个2-取代苯基-5-三唑甲基-5-氟代苯基-N-取代恶唑烷类新化合物（A），用MS，¹HNMR确证结构。大多数目标化合物对白色念珠菌有一定抑制活性，其中A10,A12,A13的活性强于对照品氟康唑和伊曲康唑，且对酵母菌亦显示一定抑制作用。结论化合物A10,A12,A13值得进一步研究。     

C16 and C17 substituted derivatives of pregnenolone and progesterone as inhibitors of 17alpha-hydroxylase-C17, 20-lyase: synthesis and biological evaluation

17 alpha-hydroxylase-C17, 20-lyase (P450 17, CYP 17) is a key enzyme in androgen biosynthesis and a target for the treatment of prostate cancer. In order to find novel inhibitors for this enzyme, several compounds bearing different moieties able to complex with the heme iron located in the active site of the enzyme were synthesized. The moieties were introduced into the 16-position of pregnenolone and progesterone. Their inhibitory activities toward human and rat CYP 17 were determined and compared to the activities of the corresponding 17-substituted compounds. It became apparent that the 16-substituted compounds were less active than the parent compounds: they were either moderate or poor inhibitors of the target enzyme. Tested for inhibition of human 5 alpha-reductase 1 and 2--a target for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)--the title compounds showed some inhibitory activity.