正常人不同年龄段正中矢状位胼胝体面积的MRI定量对比研究

目的 探讨正常人胼胝体大小与性别及年龄的关系.方法 920例行头颅MRI检查的健康体检者,按年龄段和性别分组.在SE-T1WI正中矢状面测量胼胝体总面积及正中矢状面颅内面积,计算胼胝体-颅内面积比(简称胼颅比).所测数据用随机区组设计的ANOVA处理,并做各测量指标-年龄的散点图和曲线拟合方程.结果男性胼胝体大于女性胼...     

胼胝体正常发育及老化的MRI研究

目的：探索国人胼胝低在生长发育及老化过程中的形态学改变,材料与方法：对233例2－80正常人进行磁共振检查,采用AUTOCAD软件对大脑正中矢状面的胼胝体进行总面积及分区面积的测量,采用SPSS软件进行统计学处理。结果：2－18岁其间胼胝体总面积和分区面积随增龄而增大,19－50岁期间保持不变,50岁以上C2分区面积减少,男性胼胝体大于女性,结论：发育期间胼胝体随增龄而增大,国人胼胝体最快增长期较外国人提前;成年后保持不变,50岁以上C2分区萎缩,男性胼胝体大于女性。     

胼胝体部分性发育不全的MRI诊断及检查价值

目的探讨胼胝体部分性发育不全的病理学改变及MRI表现,并与胼胝体完全缺如的MRI表现进行比较。资料与方法分析胼胝体部分性发育不全20例的MRI表现,并与同时行MRI检查的8例胼胝体完全缺如的MRI表现进行对照。结果胼胝体部分性发育不全20例中,前部缺如7例,其中1例形成畸形白质团块,后部缺如12例,胼胝体嘴及压部同时缺如1例。合并胼胝体后部周围脂肪瘤4例。合并灰质异位,脑裂畸形各2例,右侧丘脑后部局限性脑软化1例。结论胼胝体部分性发育不全并非少见,MRI能完整显示胼胝体发育不全的程度及形态,特别是对轻度畸形的检出有重要意义。     

颅脑正中矢状面磁共振成像对正常成人颅腔面积的测量

目的 于磁共振正中矢状位成像测量正常成年人颅腔面积,并归纳正常值范围,探讨其与年龄的相关性及性别差异。方法 从我院图片存档与通信系统（PACS）随机选取发育正常、无相关疾病成年人720例,按不同年龄段分为6组：20～29岁组、30～39岁组、40～49岁组、50～59岁组、60～ 69岁组、70～79岁组, 每组120例,男女各60例。于磁共振正中矢状位T1加权像上测量幕上面积、幕下面积、全颅面积及幕上/幕下面积比值（简称幕上下比）,并对所测得数据进行统计学分析。结果 正常成年人幕上面积、全颅面积、幕上下比随着年龄增加略增大,与年龄成弱正相关、线性回归关系;幕下面积随着年龄增加略减小,与年龄成弱负相关、线性回归关系。男性与女性幕上面积、幕下面积、全颅面积、幕上下比差异均有显著性（相应t值分别为t=11.55;t=15.69;t=14.70;t=-4.13,P值均<0.05）,除了幕上下比外,余各测量值的均值均为男性大于女性。 结论 正常成年人颅腔正中矢状位磁共振成像颅腔面积各测量值参考值范围具有一定的变化规律,可以作为临床评价颅腔容积的指标之一。     

超声测量对正常胎儿胼胝体解剖观察的价值

目的:超声测量不同孕周正常胎儿胼胝体径线参考值,完善胎儿胼胝体解剖数据.方法:在断层解剖影像基础上对235例孕20～40周胎儿行胼胝体超声检查,测量胎儿胼胝体径线,分析其与孕周的关系,并与报道数据进行比较.结果:建立胎儿胼胝体长、宽、厚度正常参考值范围;在相关切面上扫查,胎儿胼胝体显示率为87.7％;各径线与孕周呈正相关,随妊娠月份增加而增长.结论:超声对胼胝体径线测量有其独特的优势,建立的参考值范围可为临床评价胎儿胼胝体发育状况提供便利.     

脑干的MRI解剖学测量及其临床意义

目的应用MRI测量正常脑干大小,探讨脑干大小和性别、年龄之间的相关性。方法将120例健康成人按性别分为60岁(含60岁)以上组和60岁以下组,分别用MRI测量了脑干的大小,并与4例自然冰冻大体断面标本相对照。结果脑干大小随性别、年龄不同而不同,随年龄的增长,脑干有萎缩的趋势,男性尤为明显。结论正常成人脑干大小存在正常值范围,但应用时须考虑性别和年龄的因素。     

基于MRI的脑桥及小脑径线测量与回归分析

目的:通过MRI和VGStudio MAX 2.2软件对中国汉族成人脑桥及小脑设定径线进行测量,分析其与性别、年龄、身高以及体质量的关系,并建立相应的直线回归方程。方法:用VGStudio MAX 2.2软件对MRI图像数据进行三维重建,直接用软件测量工具对脑桥及小脑的相关径线进行测量,并用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析。结果:脑桥横径线、小脑横径线、小脑矢高径线在男性中的均值分别为23.78±2.58,37.04±5.86,50.27±4.91;在女性中的均值分别为22.83±2.06,36.01±5.38,47.79±5.06。结论:中国汉族成人脑桥和小脑测量径线的值均存在性别差异;且在女性中脑桥横径线的测量值与体质量、年龄均存在直线相关关系。     

足月宫内胎儿脑的矢状断层影像解剖学研究

目的:为给MR矢状图像精确定位宫内胎儿脑发育畸形及胎儿优生优育的MRI筛查提供断层解剖学依据。方法:将1例晚期妊娠尸体做腹盆部矢状位MR扫描,获取图像数据。用电动带锯按等距法制成与正中矢状面平行的腹、盆部连续矢状断层标本,并获取连续矢状断层标本图像数据,显示妊娠晚期宫内胎儿脑组织的形态结构。结果:(1)宫内胎儿头颅的倾斜及旋转方向的确定:胎儿为纵产式、头先露,胎头已经入盆,伴有颈部仰伸,胎体的前后位与孕妇一致,孕妇的正中矢状面图像与胎儿的正中矢状面图像一致,而且胎儿的头颅发生了向自己身体右侧的倾斜和旋转。(2)7幅标本的矢状断面图像是由孕妇左侧向右侧切及获得(胎体的右侧至左侧),分别经胎儿右侧大脑半球外侧凸面、外侧沟、内囊、正中矢状面、小脑中脚及脑干、左侧半球外侧凸面及左侧外侧沟。结论:宫内胎儿脑连续矢状断层标本和对应的MR图像对比分析结果显示了宫内胎儿脑的形态结构特征,能够为胎儿脑组织的胚胎发育和临床影像诊断提供正常的形态学资料。     

超声自由解剖成像技术诊断胼胝体发育不全与MRI结果一致性及与胎儿染色体异常的关系

目的 探讨超声自由解剖成像技术(Omniview)诊断胼胝体发育不全(ACC)的效能与磁共振成像(MRI)结果的一致性及与胎儿染色体异常的关系.方法 回顾性选取2017年4月-2020年1月因常规超声检查疑似异常而接受Omniview和颅脑MRI检查的胎儿159例的临床资料,统计临床诊断结果,并以临床诊断结果为准,统计...     

3.OT MR三维重建脑干小脑上脚纤维交叉的研究

目的 应用3.0T MR扩散张量成像(DTI)和白质纤维成像技术(DTT),研究脑干小脑上脚纤维(SCP)交叉的微观结构和特性.方法 Siemens 3.0T MR对20例健康志愿者行头颅轴位DTI (b=0和b=1000)检查,应用工作站纤维束跟踪软件三维重建脑干SCP纤维交叉,选择参数:FA为0.08、角度阈值为80°、体素为1.2 mm×1.2 mm×3 mm.测量SCP和SCP交叉的各向异性分数(FA)值,比较两者之间的差异.结果 脑干SCP纤维交叉出现三种不同形态:(1)交叉,占65％(13例);(2)对吻,占25％(5例);(3)分叉,占10％(2例).SCP交叉和SCP的FA值分别为:0.40±0.13和0.65±0.08,两者之间差异有统计学意义( t=7.22,P＜0.05)结论 DTT三维重建技术能显示脑干SCP交叉纤维束的解剖类型,3.0T MR对于活体脑干交叉纤维束的研究有较好的临床应用价值.     

正常人不同年龄群胼胝体的MRI研究

目的探讨正常人群胼胝体随着年龄增长而发生的变化及其与脑功能变化之间的联系。方法测量1～6岁、7-12岁、13-18岁、19-24岁、25-30岁、31-36岁、37-42岁、43-49岁、50-56岁、57-63岁、63岁以上共11组正常人群共88例MRI正中矢状面中胼胝体嘴、膝、体、压部各部分面积及总面积;并测量正中矢状面大脑面积,将胼胝体面积与其进行比较,了解不同人群胼胝体的变化情况。结果1-49岁期间,胼胝体面积(mm2)从434.29±72.75增加到606.44±58.08,胼脑比从7.30±0.96增加到9.03±1.02;50岁以后胼胝体面积,mm2)从606.44±58.08减少到475.65±71.66。结论1～49岁期间胼胝体面积随着年龄增长而进行性增大,且其增长较大脑半球增长迅速;50岁以后胼胝体随着年龄的增长而进行性萎缩,其萎缩程度与大脑半球萎缩程度基本持平。     

Agenesis of the corpus callosum and macrocephaly in siblings

A brother and sister with developmental delay, relative macrocephaly and agenesis of the corpus callosum are described. The brother also had unilateral cerebellar hypoplasia and malrotation of the large bowel. Published cases of familial agenesis of the corpus callosum are reviewed and the value of ultrasonography in demonstrating agenesis of the corpus callosum in the neonate is emphasised.     

Difference between smokers and non-smokers in the corpus callosum volume

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of smoking on corpus callosum volume. In addition, the relationships between smoking duration, smoking frequency, and corpus callosum volume were analyzed. Magnetic resonance brain images were acquired for 58 normal Korean men (30 smokers (age 32.82 ± 14.12 years) and 28 non-smokers (age 35.49 ± 13.11 years)). The corpus callosum volume was measured using Brain Voyager 2000 S/W and was normalized by intracranical volume, which was calculated using cerebral sizes. The corpus callosum volume for smokers was significantly smaller than that for non-smokers. Also, there was a negative correlation between corpus callosum volume and smoking duration. The change of white matter volume (e.g., corpus callosum) might be a primary factor for characterizing the effects of smoking.     

新生儿胼胝体大小及形状与胎龄的相关性研究

目的　通过高场MRI检测不同胎龄新生儿出生时胼胝体的面积、偏心率及斜率，为早期评价和改善脑发育提供参考。 方法　从沧州市人民医院提取符合研究条件的新生儿头颅高场MRI图像286例，勾画胼胝体后使用MATLAB R2010a中的图像处理函数进行测量，得到胼胝体面积、偏心率及斜率并作统计学分析。 结果　胼胝体面积与胎龄的相关系数为0.61（P＜0.001），最适曲线为二次曲线Y=0.132X2-6.179X+141.759，决定系数为0.37（P＜0.001）；偏心率与胎龄的相关系数为0.25（P＜0.001），最适曲线为直线方程Y=0.009X+0.319，决定系数为0.07（P＜0.001）；后部斜率与胎龄的相关系数为0.27（P＜0.001），最适曲线为直线方程Y=0.005X+0.349，决定系数为0.07（P＜0.001）。 结论　新生儿胎龄愈小，胼胝体愈小且愈圆。     

A method to section the corpus callosum in the rat

A simply constructed instrument and a surgical procedure are described for transecting the corpus callosum in the rat. The callosum can be cut in its entirety, or the cut can be limited to anterior or posterior halves. The procedure obviates lateralized incidental damage.     

Morphological and immunocytochemical identification of macrophages in the developing corpus callosum

Summary The presence of macrophages in the developing corpus callosum of fetal and neonatal rats is confirmed using ultrastructural, immunocytochemical and histochemical techniques. The macrophages are first seen in the corpus callosum at about the time the callosal axons cross the midline and penetrate the cerebral hemispheres and they persist until about 10 days postnatal. The cells are found in the corpus callosum dorsal to the lateral ventricle, in the sub-ventricular zone and in the forming cavum septi pellucidi. The macrophages were identified at the light and electron microscopic level, including labelling of the cells following an intracerebral injection of horseradish peroxidase. The cells were also positive for an esterase stain specific for blood monocytes and macrophages and were labelled with a monoclonal antibody directed against macrophage cell surface polypeptides (Springer et al. 1979). These observations confirm the non-neuroepithelial origin of certain forms of phagocytic cells during cerebral development.     

Clinical features of acute corpus callosum infarction patients

The clinical manifestation of acute corpus callosum (CC) infarction is lack of specificity and complex, so it is easily missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis in the early stage. The present study aims to describe the clinical features of the acute CC infarction. In this study, 25 patients with corpus callosum infarction confirmed by the brain MRI/DWI and the risk factors were summarized. Patients were classified into genu infarction (3 cases), body infarction (4cases), body and genu infarction (4 cases), body and splenium infarction (1 case), splenium infarction (13 cases) according to lesion location. Clinical manifestation and prognosis were analyzed among groups. The results indicated that CC infarction in patients with high-risk group accounted for 72%, moderate-risk group accounted for 20%, low-risk group (8%). The main risk factors are carotid intimal thickening or plaque formation, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cerebral artery stenosis, and so on. The CC infarction often merged with other parts infarction, and splenium infarction had the highest incidence, the clinical symptoms in the body infarction which can appear typical signs and symptoms, but in other parts infarction which always merged many nerve defect symptoms. The body infarction prognosis is poor; the rest parts of infarction are more favorable prognosis. In conclusion, CC infarction has the highest incidence in the stroke of high-risk group; neck color Doppler and TCD examination can be found as early as possible to explore the pathogenic factors. Prognosis is usually much better by treatment according to the location and risk factors.